RU1773787C - Running gear of transportation vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: refers to movers of vehicles towed in off-road conditions. Essence: this is achieved by partial redistribution of the load from the front wheel 1 of the mover to the rear 2 depending on the resistance to movement while changing the tension of the track 5. To this end, wheels 1 and 2 mounted on the ends of the balancer frame 4 and covered by track 5 mounted on the basis of 3 vehicles by means of a vertical bracket 9 pivotally articulated with the middle of the balancer frame 5 at a point located between the hinge connecting it to the skeleton 3 and the tension roller 10 attached to the upper end of the bracket and bent around the track by the bottom. 2 s.p. f-ly, 5 ill. s / 4.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to propulsion systems of towed vehicles, mainly off-road vehicles.

The tandem is known - a wheeled caterpillar mover consisting of two pneumatic wheels, covering them with a closed) elastic band that acts as a caterpillar, and a tension roller enveloped by it located in the upper part of the cross-axle space,

The drawback of the mover is the tension of the caterpillar track which is not regulated depending on the driving conditions. As a result, it is in constant tension and wears out quickly.

Another tandem is known - a wheel mover with a self-propelled contour, depending on off-road conditions, containing two pneumatic wheels connected by a frame with a beam, covering their caterpillar in the form of a closed elastic band and a tension roller located in the upper part of the interwheel space at such a height that an elastic tape bends around it from below, and the balancer frame is mounted on the transverse-horizontal hinge of the skeleton resting on it by means of a longitudinal slider.

A design feature of such a mover is the redistribution of the load between the wheels during movement. In the driving mode of the mover, this redistribution is favorable, since the front wheel is partially unloaded and the rear wheel is loaded creating conditions for rutting (soil extrusion, reduction of the bulldozer effect, which consists in jacking the soil shaft before propulsion and associated with increasing resistance to movement). However, in the driven mode of operation (when towing a vehicle), the redistribution of the load between the wheels does not contribute to the improvement of rutting.

The aim of the present invention is to improve the rutting conditions by redistributing a certain proportion of the load from the front wheel to the rear wheel, depending on the bearing capacity of the soil.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the chassis of the vehicle, containing two wheels connected to each other by means of a balancer pivotally mounted on the frame of the vehicle, a tension roller, a vertical bracket, one end connected with a tension roller, and the other with the possibility of relative displacement - with a balancer, a caterpillar track covering the wheels and in contact with the tension roller. What is new is that; vertical bracket link with balancer

made by means of a transverse horizontal cylindrical hinge located between the tension roller and the transverse horizontal hinge of fastening the bracket to the core; a lower transverse horizontal cylindrical hinge is connected to a vertical bracket with the possibility of adjusting its position relative to the transverse horizontal hinge connecting the crown 5 matte with a balancer; the adjustable coupling of the lower cylindrical hinge to the bracket is made telescopic by means of a vertical rod entering a hole in the bracket; moreover

0 both telescopic parts are fixed against relative rotation and axially connected by a nut.

In Fig, 1 is a diagram of the chassis, side view; in Fig, 2 - chassis in the context

5 by the horizontal plane indicated in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3, the cross-section of the undercarriage by the profile plane, also indicated in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 is a variant of the chassis in the context of a profile plane; on the

0 FIG. 5 illustrates the principle of operation of the chassis.

The chassis based on a tandem wheel propulsion with self-propelled bypass contains two 1 and 2 pneumatic

5 wheels mounted on the skeleton 3 of the vehicle by means of a longitudinal frame-balancer 4. The wheels are covered by an elastic tape 5 made of longitudinally reinforced

0 inextensible cord of elastomer (rubber) and acting as a caterpillar. To this end, a tread of a certain pattern is made on the side of the outer surface 6 (according to the type of tractor or off-road automobile tires). On the inner side of the tape, fixing flanges are made at both ends in the form of two rows of separate ribs 7 and 8 in the form of truncated pyramids, with large bases attached to it. Rebords keep the tape on wheels from lateral displacement.

In the upper part of the cross-axle space on the vertical bracket 9 is a tension roller 10, and on

5 so high that the tape goes around it from the bottom. The bracket is mounted on the frame 3 of the vehicle by means of a transverse horizontal cylindrical hinge 11. By means of the same functional hinge 12, the bracket is connected to the frame balancer A. The geometric axes of both hinges are thus parallel to each other, axles 13 and 14 of the wheels attached to the ends the frame-balancer, and the axis 15 of the tension roller attached to the upper end of the bracket 9. A transverse-horizontal cylindrical hinge 12 is located between the hinge 11 for fastening the mover to the frame and the axis 15 of the tension ro face. The relative rotation range of the bracket 9 and the balancer frame 4 provided by the hinge 12 is sufficient to support the tension roller in the tire wheels in extreme positions.

In order to adapt the propulsion device to various off-road conditions and its loading conditions, the axis of the tension roller may not be rigidly mounted, but mounted on a vertical bracket by means of a slider 16, which is constantly pressed to the belt by spring 17, the pre-compression force of which is regulated by nut 18. From the relative I rotate the bracket and the slider by holding the fixing element 19. Even greater adjusting possibilities for optimal adjustment of the propulsion parameters will be provided by the height-adjustable crepe ix horizontal transverse hinge whereby the mover mounted on the frame, the vertical arm (FIG. 4). To this end, a hole is made along the bracket along the lower end, into which a retractable rod 20 is fitted that carries the hinge. The rod is extended and fixed in the bracket in height by a nut 21 mounted with its shoulders in a cylindrical groove made in the hole of the bracket. The locking element 22 / holds the bracket and the shaft against relative rotation, allowing only their axial movement with nut 21 (telescopic coupling). The cylindrical hinge connecting the bracket with the balancer frame is made in the form of a cantilever axis 23, passed through an opening in the balancer frame. Otherwise, this version of the structural mover is similar to the first.

In FIG. 5, illustrating the principle of operation of the device, shows a diagram of the distribution of the reference pressure of the propulsor.

The device operates as follows.

By means of the hinge 11, the load from the side of the skeleton 3 of the vehicle is perceived, the mover transfers it to the supporting base (soil, in off-road conditions). In this case, the reference pressure diagram has maximums under wheels 1 and 2, and a minimum between them. The difference in pressure values at these extreme points depends on the propeller resting on soft

soil from the tension of the caterpillar track 5. As the tension increases, the minimum value increases and the maximum values decrease, which indicates an increase in the uniformity of the distribution of reference pressures. When the mover is at rest, when the shoulders of the balancer frame are equal, the reference pressure diagram is symmetrical with respect to the transverse vertical plane passing through the axis 15 of the tension roller.

5 However, when towing a vehicle from the side of the skeleton 3, a horizontal force will also be applied to the mover in the hinge 11, along with the vertical force of weight, the value of which depends

0 (equal to steady state) on the resistance to movement, acting from the soil in the opposite direction and ultimately applied to the hinge 12. This pair of spaced forces

5 creates a turning moment, balanced by the moments from the reaction force of the track acting on the tension roller 15 and the forces of the weight applied to the hinge 11. The last two of these

0 forces create a counteracting turning moment only if the vertical bracket 9 is rotated by a certain angle, determined by the ratio of the following parameters: load on the mover; conditions of movement (crushed ™ of soil) determining the strength of resistance to movement; the ratio of the shoulders of the vertical arm 9; pre-tensioning the caterpillar track 5. As a result of the rotation of the vertical bracket, the roller 10, having shifted in an arc towards the rear wheel 2 (Fig. 5), will provide additional tension of the caterpillar track and, therefore, lower maximum values

5 support pressures under the wheels due to an increase in the ability of its lower branch to perceive support reactions on soft ground. This indicates an increase in mover cross-country ability.

0 The redistribution of part of the load from the front wheel 1 to the rear 2 also contributes to the increase in cross-country ability, due to the turning moment considered above, caused by the relative

5 by mixing the thrust force and the force of the longitudinal soil reactions along the height transmitted from the bracket 9 to the rest of the propulsor through the tension roller 10 and the caterpillar track 5. Thanks to the redistribution of the load, the reference pressure diagram

acquires the character qualitatively illustrated in FIG. 5. In this case, the wheel 1 is immersed in the ground less than the wheel 2. A certain angle of attack is created, which improves rutting (as in pure tracked propulsors with metal-level contour). Since the extrusion of soil from the track occurs gradually (at the beginning with the first wheel to a certain depth, then finally with the second one), the soil is shredded in front of the mover (bulldozer effect) unlikely. The angle of attack depends on the bearing capacity of the soil. The deeper the mover is immersed, the higher the resistance to its movement and, therefore, the greater the angle of attack. This contributes to the high cross-country propulsion in off-road conditions,

Claims (3)

The necessary, determined under typical driving conditions and propulsion loading modes, close to the optimal ratio of the shoulders of the vertical bracket 9 can be constant (according to Figs. 1-3 and 5), partially or fully ensuring the maximum possible efficiency, In case of both arms of the bracket 9 of adjustable length (Fig. 4), it is possible to adjust the propulsion device during operation to achieve the maximum effect from the point of view of crossability on soft soil or snow, its agrophilic effect , 1. A vehicle chassis comprising two wheels associated inter- by means of a balancer pivotally mounted on the vehicle frame, a tension roller, a vertical bracket connected at one end to the tension roller and the other with relative movement with the balancer, a track covering the wheels and in contact with the tension roller, characterized in that, in order to increase cross-country ability by improving rutting conditions, the connection of the vertical bracket to the balancer is made by means of a transverse horizontal cylindrical hinge between the tension roller and the transverse-horizontal hinge for attaching the bracket to the frame, 2, The chassis according to claim 1, with the proviso that the lower transverse horizontal cylindrical hinge is connected to the vertical bracket with the possibility of adjusting its position relative to the transverse horizontal hinge connecting the bracket with the balancer , 3. The running part according to claim 2, with the exception that the adjustable coupling of the lower cylindrical hinge to the bracket is made telescopic by means of a vertical rod entering the hole in the bracket, both telescopic parts being fixed from relative rotation, and axially connected by a nut. J-a 8  and CHL1. is 7ilr 1/14 t UShSh-g .5 (5 F&GZ f 4 & & 23 5 & g. 4 F / & 2 2 /4