RU176779U1 - Dismountable construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of facilities for social, household and industrial purposes, in particular dwellings or shelters, and can be used in extreme conditions in remote areas of the country for civilian and military installations. The technical result is the convenience of transportation, which forms a compact small-sized transportation bags that can be stacked on top of each other, as well as the ability to install the bottom of the lower it is the formation of the next floor. The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed collapsible structure containing panels of walls, floors and ceilings, attached to each other by connecting elements made integrally with the panels in the form of mating tongue-and-groove comb and tongue-and-groove comb, characterized in that the floor and ceiling panels are made in the form of lower and upper pallets, and all wall panels are made with the possibility of laying in the lower pallet and closing them with the upper pallet with the possibility of the formation of transport th packet, wherein the upper part of the upper pan and the bottom of the lower tray also formed with a groove mating parts of the comb and the comb-spike thorn-groove.

Description

The solution relates to the construction of structures for social, household and industrial purposes, in particular dwellings or shelters, and can be used in extreme conditions in remote areas of the country for civilian and military installations.

A collapsible insulated structure (package housing) is known, including articulated wall panels, coatings and bases forming a three-dimensional block equipped with an additional square wall panel articulated with one of the main wall panels and a cable block system for installation, with two the main panels are made square, and the other three are located between the two main ones and are formed from triangular separation of the panels by means of hinges with the possibility of folding located along disjoint dia onal and arranged parallel to the planes of the respective floor panels, wherein the square main panel pivotally connected to a triangular block on all edges, folding the panels have square brackets to maintain the triangular panels, as well as the rotation support and a pusher for additional wall panel. (RU 2029034).

This housing package, in order to simplify the installation process, uses a complex cable system and a swivel joint of the housing panels. Linear interface panels poorly protect against blowing and freezing. It is difficult to predict how the proposed complex design will work in the conditions of the destination of the object (snow, frost, wind). All of these devices raise doubts about their reliability to help simplify the installation process.

Known collapsible insulated building (collapsible storage of valuables), including wall and ceiling panels made with frames of longitudinal and transverse elements, means of interpanel connections for collapsible their connection and a door in which the frames are fixed on the back of the panels, made of pipes with threaded bushings on the front side and have front holes and smaller side mounting holes, pairwise located on the respective sides of the frames, with means of interpanel connections mounted through the corresponding side mounting holes and threaded bushings inside the frames of adjacent panels (RU 37375).

This collapsible storage of values is characterized by the fact that the body of the plates enclosing the storage is made of a complex structure - metal. Accordingly, the means between the panel connections are made in the form of bolt-nut connections, and the bolt is a threaded sleeve. These means of inter-panel connections, especially threaded bushings inside the frames of adjacent panels, complicate the installation process due to the complexity of compatibility of the openings of the connected panels. Linear interface panels poorly protect against blowing and freezing.

A collapsible insulated building (prefabricated building) is known, including wall, floor and cover panels and connecting elements, in which the connecting elements are made in the form of metal corners having a pair of holes on each of the shelves through which coupling bolts are passed, also passing through holes in the panels formed adequately to the holes in the corners, and the holes in the panels from the side opposite the abutment of the corner are made in the form of a socket under the head of the coupling bolt, and a pair of holes on one of the polo Corner offset relative to another pair of holes of the shelf bracket at half the distance between the holes (RU 3776 U).

This building is characterized by the fact that the corners of the plates are made of metal. Accordingly, the means between the panel connections are made in the form of bolt-nut connections, and the bolt is a threaded sleeve. These means of inter-panel connections, especially threaded bushings with offset holes, complicate the manufacturing technology and the installation process of the connected panels. Linear interface panels poorly protect against blowing and freezing.

A collapsible insulated structure (modular type building) is known, comprising a prefabricated structure of lightweight steel frame and heat-insulating panels, the parts of the prefabricated structure are connected by fasteners, and the prefabricated structure of the modular type building forms several three-dimensional blocks, each of which includes a steel frame assembled from a bent profile, and the enclosure enclosing it is mounted from sandwich panels filled with polyurethane foam, three-dimensional blocks connected together, as horizontally hoists, and vertically, fasteners located at the corners of the same three-dimensional blocks, in a single unit, form the modular building structure of the building of various configurations and number of storeys. (RU 74944 U). This building is characterized by the fact that the panels have a complex structure and high cost, since their frames are made of metal, and the connecting elements are made in the form of threaded bolt-nut type connections. These connecting elements require appropriate storage during transportation, complicate the installation process due to the complexity of compatibility of the openings of the connected panels in the field. Linear interface panels poorly protect against blowing and freezing.

A known solution to the patent RU 84421 U, publ.: 07/10/2009. It reflects a collapsible insulated structure containing sandwich panels of walls, floors and ceilings made of prefabricated parts, as well as connecting elements for fastening the panels to each other in the operational position of the structure, characterized in that the prefabricated parts are made of plastic and filled with foam insulation, and the connecting elements of the panels are made at the same time as mating tongue-and-groove comb and tongue-groove comb. Prefabricated parts are filled with foam insulation from the group: polyurethane, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, which provides effective shelter from weathering.

The solution has the lack of modularity - it is impossible or inconvenient to form multi-story structures from similar structures on the basis of similar modules. Also, a set of construction details (panels, bottom and roof) are not convenient for transportation, take up a lot of space.

The closest analogue is the solution SU 684110A1, Е04В 1/343, published on September 15, 1979, which reflects a collapsible building that can be folded into a package for easy transportation, the floor and ceiling of which are made in the form of lower and upper pallets, respectively, where the upper the pallet is a lid, and all wall panels are stackable in the lower pallet and are closed by the upper pallet.

The technical problem of the prototype is not sufficient transportation convenience, in which a compact transportation package is formed, since the packages are not convenient to be stacked on top of each other (they crawl from each other and do not have a coupling with adjacent packages). Also, there is no way to install the bottom of the lower pallet on the upper part of the lower pallet when forming the next floor.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the prototype.

The technical result is the convenience of transportation, which forms a compact small-sized transportation package that can be stacked on top of each other in stacks, as well as the ability to install the bottom of the lower pallet on the upper part of the lower pallet when forming the next floor.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed collapsible structure containing panels of walls, floors and ceilings, attached to each other by connecting elements made integrally with the panels in the form of mating tongue-and-groove comb and tongue-and-groove comb, characterized in that the floor and ceiling panels are made in the form of lower and upper pallets, and all wall panels are made with the possibility of laying in the lower pallet and closing them with the upper pallet with the possibility of the formation of transport th packet, wherein the upper part of the upper pan and the bottom of the lower tray also formed with a groove mating parts of the comb and the comb-spike thorn-groove.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a device of a collapsible insulated structure, where a is a view from the end without an entrance, b is a view from the end and at the front door, c is a bottom view, d is a side view, d is a top view, e is a view in volume.

In FIG. 2 shows the principle of nodal connection of sandwich panels, lids and bottoms with each other.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows examples of one-story (a), two-story (b) erected modules, as well as a shipping bag (c) and an example of laying shipping bags on top of each other (d).

In the drawings: 1 - lower pallet (floor), 2 - upper pallet (cover), 3 - wall sandwich panels, 4 - mating parts of the tongue-and-groove comb on the upper pallet, 5 - mating parts of the tongue-and-groove comb on the lower pallet, 6 - docking protrusions on the upper pallet, 7 - docking protrusions in the lower pallet, 8 - window, 9 - door, 10 - tempered glass, 11 - filling place with sealant, 12 - gap, 13 - hairpin, 14 - pipe, 15 - mortgage , 16 - stud connector, 17 - eye, 18 - nut.

Utility Model Implementation

The utility model is performed in the form of a module, which consists of wall panels 3 with windows 8 and door 9 mounted in them. The floor and roof are made in the form of lower 1 and upper 2 pallets, respectively.

An example of connecting nodes of a structure is shown in FIG. 2, where the zones are shown: B - door narthex 9, D - connection node of the stud 13 with the lower mortgage 15, D - installation site of the window 8, E - connection node of the studs 13 using the connector of the studs 16, G - joint of the wall sandwich panel 3 and roofs 2, 3 - the connection node of the stud 13 with the nut 18 through the upper mortgage 15, And - the joint of the wall sandwich panel 3 and the lower pallet 1 (floor), K - the joint of the wall sandwich panels 3 together, M - the closing zone of the upper pallet 2 (roof) and lower pallet 1 (floor).

Wall sandwich panels 3 are made of fiberglass, which increases the load on the product when it is filled with polyurethane foam (PUF) insulation in the joint areas of panels 3 and pallets 1, 2. The place of their joint has a gap 12, which fills the PUF, which performs the function : soundproofing, thermal insulation, joining two shells of walls or pallets, fastening inside the walls of technical highways (water, sewage, electricity).

The principle of constructing a collapsible insulated building is based on the use of prefabricated elements that interconnect in operational position the mating grooves of the groove-tongue and the tongue of the groove of the grooves, the assembled parts are filled with polyurethane foam insulation, for example, in the formation zone of the gaps 12 between the joints.

All sandwich panels 3 are made of fiberglass with holes for fixing with studs 13 in the area of mating parts. Preferably, studs 13 are provided with eyes 17 for a more comfortable grip. The floor and the ceiling are formed in the form of lower 1 and upper pallets 2, respectively, where the upper pallet is used as a cover.

During transportation, all the sandwich panels 3 of the walls are laid in the lower pallet 1 and closed with the upper pallet 2, forming a transportation package (see Fig. 3 (c, d)). When assembling the module, the lid of the upper pallet 2 is lifted, wall sandwich panels 3 are installed on the lower pallet 1, covered with the upper pallet 2, which is also a roof, and connected with studs 13. The principle of connection with studs is shown in FIG. 2 (3). After combining the nodes with mating parts, for example, the mortgage 15 of the roof and the pipe 14 of the sandwich panel 3, a stud 13 is inserted through them, and on the top for fixing the stud, you can install the nut 18, which covers the top of the stud.

The inner surface of the upper pallet 2 is used as a ceiling coating. In this case, the upper part of the upper pallet 2 and the bottom of the lower pallet 1 are formed by the mating parts of the groove-tongue 4 comb and the tongue-groove comb 5, respectively, and so that their mating with each other allows the lower pallet to be installed on the upper part of the lower pallet when the formation of the next floor (see Fig. 3 (b)) or for the purpose of laying transport packages on top of each other (see Fig. 3 (d)). After joining the upper part of the upper pallet 2 and the bottom of the lower pallet 1 with the mating parts 4, 5, they are fixed to each other. This can be done, for example, by forming the connecting protrusions 6 on the upper pallet and the connecting protrusions 7 in the lower pallet. The protrusions 6 and 7 have holes and when mating through their holes also insert the pin 13.

When installing windows 8, tempered glass 10 is placed in the opening of the frame of the sandwich panel 3, and the joints 11 are filled with sealant.

The resulting module is lightweight, it is assembled without construction equipment and tools, it is dielectric (no grounding is needed), inert to temperatures (it does not heat up and does not cool in natural conditions), does not rot, does not sink (its light and airtight design allows you to swim in water), does not emit harmful substances, has no smell. It can be used in the construction of other buildings and structures using frameless technology (without metal structures). When assembling, classic fasteners (nails and screws) are not used.

In the claimed solution, protection against blowing is improved due to the labyrinth connection with tongue-and-groove, tongue-and-groove comb combs, which prevents the formation of "cold bridges" and freezing of panels at the joints.

In contrast to the prototype, the possibility of transportation convenience is realized, in which a compact small-sized transportation package is formed, which can be stacked on top of each other.

Claims (1)

A collapsible structure comprising wall, floor and ceiling panels attached to each other by connecting elements made integrally with panels in the form of mating tongue-and-groove comb and tongue-and-groove comb, characterized in that the floor and ceiling panels are made in the form lower and upper pallets, and all wall panels are arranged to be stacked in the lower pallet and closed by the upper pallet with the possibility of forming a transport package, while the upper part of the upper pallet and the bottom of the lower pallet also formed with a groove mating parts of the comb and the comb-spike thorn-groove.

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