RU16262U1 - ARTIFICIAL GRANULATE FROM WASTE OF ARNITION PLANTS - Google Patents

Description

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Artificial granulate from waste incinerators

The utility model relates to the field of processing and disposal of household and / or industrial waste, mainly slag and ash from incinerators.

They are known for building products (blocks, curbs, asphalt concrete slabs, etc.) in which the ashes and slags of incinerators are used as inert aggregates (see, for example, the book by S. S. Yufit. Incinerators - trash in the sky. - N. Novgorod, 1999 - p. 29). However, experience with the use of such products has shown that under the influence of groundwater and rainwater, ash and slag are leached, the harmful substances contained in them are leached out and, as a result, dangerous pollution of the soil, surface and groundwater occurs.

Closest to the proposed technical essence is artificial granulate containing a core and a shell, for example, from the ashes of a thermal power plant (see, for example, USSR copyright certificate No. 1597350.1 SL. C 04 V 18/04, 1988). However, the known granulate made by rolling on a dish-shaped granulator has a rather loose core and is somewhat denser compared to

IPC at 09 to 3/00 C 04 to 18/04

core, shell. In addition, such a granulate is characterized by a layered structure, and the bonds between the layers are so small that the granules and, above all, the shell, are often destroyed at the interface between the layers by peeling. The destruction of the shell leads to a very rapid destruction of the entire granule, as a result of which it is not possible to use highly toxic materials, which primarily include ashes and slags of incinerators, in the known solution.

The purpose of the utility model is to reduce the toxicity of building materials containing ash and slag waste from incinerators.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in an artificial granulate including a core and a shell, the monolithic core contains dispersed ash and slag waste from incinerators - 20.0-60.0 wt.%, Mechanically activated cement - 28.0-30.0 wt.%, Lime as an additive-neutralizer - 0.5- 3.0 wt.% And building sand - the rest, and the capsule shell tightly bound to the core is made of a mixture of mechanically activated cement - 20.030.0 wt.%, Silica fume - 1.0-5.0 wt.% And building sand - the rest.

The proposed artificial granulate is made as follows. Slag from the incineration of solid waste is previously passed through a jaw crusher. Then, ash, crushed slag, building sand and mechanically activated cement in the presence of neutralizing agents (slaked lime or quicklime, alkalis) taken in the required amount are subjected to joint grinding for 525 mt-1nut followed by agglomeration of the grinding product by pressing on hole rollers. Next, on the surface of the obtained granulate using a device for encapsulating granular material (see RF patent No. 2091155 Device for encapsulating granular material, 1995), a capsule shell of the required thickness is formed from a mixture of mechanically activated cement.

silica fume and building sand. The obtained granulate is used either immediately as a filler in concrete products, or after daily exposure in natural conditions as a backfill. Examples of compositions of the proposed artificial granulate and the properties of the resulting product are shown in the table.

 According to tests conducted at the Russian Research Center for Emergency Cumyaifuu of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (see Test Protocol 1D / 00)

Table

Outside the composition of artificial granulate according to the proposed model, the goal is not achieved.

As follows from the data in the table, the proposed artificial granulate provides maximum isolation of harmful substances contained in the waste used to obtain it. Therefore, in the manufacture of granulate almost any dispersed waste from the metallurgical, chemical, mining, radio engineering and other branches of pro-industry, energy waste (ashes and slags of thermal power plants), contaminated soils, etc. can be used, and granulate itself, the content of toxic substances in which It is many times lower than the MPC norms; it can be used as an environmentally friendly material in the production of building materials, road construction, etc.

Claims (1)

Artificial granulate, including a core and a shell, characterized in that the monolithic core contains dispersed ash and slag waste from incinerators - 20.0-60.0 wt.%, Mechanically activated cement - 28.0-30.0 wt. %, lime as an additive-neutralizer - 0.5-3.0 wt.% and building sand - the rest, and the shell-capsule tightly bound to the core is made of a mixture of mechanically activated cement - 20.0-30.0 wt.%, silica fume - 1.0-5.0 wt.% and building sand - the rest.