RU168289U1 - Ballasted high sulfur coal fuel boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at ensuring the reliable operation of boilers using as a fuel - ballasted high-sulfur coal fuel, including suspension coal-water fuel (CUT), increasing the productivity of combustion chambers, providing the ability to remove slag deposits in the lower part of the adiabatic chambers. The boiler contains adiabatic type burners made in the form of chambers with a cylindrical lateral surface with fuel nozzles and blast air nozzles mounted on it, the end wall of at least one of the chambers has a nozzle unit for supplying a sulfur-absorbing agent to the fuel combustion zone, and the lower part is adiabatic The chamber is equipped with a device for mechanical removal of slag.

Description

The utility model relates to the designs of boilers burning mainly ballasted high-sulfur coal fuel, and can be used in the design and manufacture of coal boilers, as well as in the process of modernizing existing boilers in boiler houses, TPPs, TPPs and state district power plants.

Known boilers for burning ballasted coal fuels, which are equipped with rectangular rectangular adiabatic furnaces (see 1. Khzmalyan DM, Kagan YA. Combustion theory and furnace devices. Publishing house "Energy", M, 1976, p. 460- 461).

These boiler designs are used to intensify the combustion process and increase the reliability of working with stable liquid slag removal in a wide range of loads. The use of a two-stage combustion scheme also allows the use of such boilers for the combustion of ballasted coal fuels. However, this boiler design does not provide for the burning of ballasted coal fuel in the form of suspension coal-water fuel (CWF), incl. sour.

The closest solution in technical essence and the achieved result is the design of a coal boiler (see 2, Utility Model Patent No. 159508), equipped with burners made in the form of adiabatic cyclone chambers with fuel nozzles and blast air nozzles mounted on them and equipped with nozzle assemblies for supply of a sulfur-absorbing agent.

The disadvantages of this design include the inability to remove slag deposits formed in the lower part of the adiabatic chambers, which disrupts the combustion process and complicates the operation of the chambers.

The tasks solved by the proposed utility model are:

- elimination of the disadvantages inherent in the analogue and prototype;

- ensuring reliable operation of the boiler using, as fuel, ballasted high-sulfur coal fuel, including suspension coal water fuel;

- providing the ability to remove slag deposits in the lower part of the adiabatic chambers.

As a result of testing adiabatic type burners with high ash fuel, an accumulation of large particles of the mineral part of the fuel in the lower zone of the chambers, which are melted into lump slags, was revealed.

To solve the tasks, the adiabatic-type burners of the boiler for burning ballasted high-sulfur coal fuel in the lower part are equipped with devices for mechanical slag removal. Devices can be performed both in the form of a grill with a screwing bar, and in the form of a moving grate.

The implementation of adiabatic type burners in the form of chambers, in the lower part of which there are devices for mechanical slag removal, provides:

- the ability to permanently remove slag deposits formed in the lower part of the adiabatic chambers;

- improving the operational performance of the adiabatic chamber.

The boiler for burning ballasted high-sulfur coal fuels (see Fig. 1) consists of the boiler body 1 with adiabatic burners installed on its side walls 2. The boiler is equipped with standard slag removal and dust removal systems (not shown in Fig. 1). Fuel nozzles 4 are located on the lateral surfaces of 3 cylindrical burners. Fuel nozzles are mounted on the lateral surfaces in such a way that the fuel jets coming from the nozzles, as well as the jets of blast air supplied through nozzles 5, are directed tangentially to the conditional cylindrical surface 6. the diameter of the conditional cylindrical surface is not less than the output diameter at the entrance to the boiler. At the end wall 7 of at least one of the chambers, a nozzle assembly 8 is installed for supplying a sulfur-absorbing agent - SPA to the fuel combustion zone. The lower part of the adiabatic chamber is equipped with a device for mechanical removal of slag 9 into the boiler through the exhaust windows 10.

The boiler operates as follows.

Ballasted high-sulfur coal fuel, mainly suspension coal-water fuel, is supplied to the boiler through fuel nozzles 4 mounted on the side surfaces of adiabatic type burners. The adiabaticity of the burners, as well as the creation of a swirling movement of atomized fuel and blast air in them, together with the hot gases formed during the combustion process, ensures high reliability and intensity of burning and burning of ballasted high-sulfur fuel.

This is also facilitated by the supply of atomized jets of fuel and blast air tangentially to the diameter of the conditional cylindrical surface, the value of which does not exceed the characteristic size of the outlet of the combustion chamber at the entrance to the boiler.

In this case, flammable and burning large particles of coal and water-coal droplets cannot leave the combustion chamber until their mass decreases due to the reaction of the organic part of the fuel with oxygen from the blast air. To bind sulfur dioxide formed during combustion, SPA is introduced into the combustion zone through a special nozzle 8 mounted on the end wall 7 of at least one of the burners. The slag falling out during the burning of high-ash fuel in the lower part of the adiabatic chamber is removed through the waste windows 10 using the slag removal device 9. The boiler design documentation is currently developed.

Claims (3)

1. A boiler for burning ballasted high-sulfur coal fuels, containing an adiabatic type burner, a system for removing heat from the generated hot gases, slag removal systems and dust and gas cleaning, an adiabatic type burner made in the form of chambers with a cylindrical lateral surface with fuel nozzles and blowing air nozzles installed on it , the end wall of at least one of the chambers has a nozzle assembly for supplying a sulfur-absorbing agent to the fuel combustion zone, characterized in that the burners a iabaticheskogo type in the lower part are fitted with means for the mechanical removal of the slag. 2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the mechanical removal of slag is made in the form of a grate with a screwing strap. 3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the mechanical removal of slag is made in the form of a moving grate.

Images