RU167686U1 - DEVICE FOR PROCESSING WELL BOTTOM ZONE - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to the oil industry, and in particular to devices for cleaning exploration and oil and gas wells. The objective of the present invention is to increase the reliability of downhole equipment, increase its efficiency, reduce the accident rate of processing the bottom-hole zone, as well as reduce the cost of their production. a valve assembly of a depression chamber, including a thrust partition with a central guide hole and peripheral channels, a saddle and a movable part a valve comprising a valve body with a seal and a locking mechanism, the fixing elements of which are placed in the radial holes of the valve body and supported by a rod of variable cross-section, located in the axial hole of the valve body and the stop baffle with the possibility of axial movement, according to a utility model, the stop baffle in the body of the depression chamber installed with the possibility of axial movement and equipped with damping elements, a pyrotechnic shell with an ignition element is placed in the lower part of the rod electrically connected through pressure glands with a control and registration unit located above the depression chamber in an airtight compartment with an autonomous power source. In addition, the locking elements of the locking mechanism of the valve body are standard balls of rolling bearings, and the shear element is made in the form of a washer. In addition, a stopper is arranged on the rod, made, for example, in the form of a stopper

Description

The utility model relates to the oil industry, namely to devices for cleaning exploration and oil and gas wells.

A device is known for implosion treatment of a formation (patent RU No. 2191897, IPC ЕВВ 43/25), comprising a hollow body with a depression chamber and a packer included in it. A cover connected to the rope and having a clamp and a rod of variable cross section that is installed with the possibility of interaction with the transfer hole of the housing is telescopically mounted and fixed with a shear screw on the case; the packer and the wedge are placed on the cylindrical surface of the cover, while the outer conical surface of the wedge interacts with the dies, which are connected to the housing guide with the possibility of radial movement, and the axial movement of the packer relative to the cover is limited on one side by a wedge, and with the other has a lid lock, the lid also has a stopper that is installed to interact with the protrusion of the housing, and an emphasis mounted to interact with the wedge, receiving holes are located below the housing guide.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- firstly, the complexity of the design, due to the large number of nodes and parts (dies, wedge);

- secondly, after lifting the device at the wellhead, the depression chamber is disassembled to clean it from the products of the implosion treatment of the formation directly at the wellhead, while the wellhead area is contaminated and the production culture is reduced;

- thirdly, the low reliability of fixing the dies of the device, lowered on the rope on the well walls, due to the low weight of the device (up to 5 kN) and the paraffin wall of the well in the bottomhole formation zone, while the dies slide down the well walls and the device is not fixed in well;

- fourthly, low work efficiency, which is due to the fact that the hollow rod when filling the depression chambers has a constant annular gap, which does not provide a gradual and uniform filling of the depression chambers with implosion treatment products of the formation, therefore, after pressure equalization in the depression chambers and the under-packer space wells in the bottom-hole zone of the reservoir are not extracted contamination.

It is known "Device for cleaning a well by the implosion method" (see RU 2086753, MKI E21B 37/00), including an implosion chamber equipped with a geophysical headgear for attachment to a logging cable, a weight rod suspended in the upper part of the chamber on a destructible element, a stepped rod located in the lower part of the chamber and a centered bracket, cup, cams located in the cup, sub and centering sleeve, while the stepped rod is connected to the centering sleeve with the possibility of overlapping cams in the transport and the decomposition reaction with gruzoshtangoy to release from engagement with the cup sub, wherein the stepped shaft may be connected to the centering sleeve by means of shear pins.

These devices also have a recording device that records the readings of pressure sensors. There is also a collection chamber and valve assembly.

Disadvantages:

- in the valve assembly, prismatic section crackers are used as thrust elements, labor-intensive in manufacturing and less reliable in the process of opening the valve;

- the principle of opening the valve has a low reliability of operation, since the opening occurs when the locking pin is cut off after a metal blank falls on it from the height of the collection chamber. This blank is pre-tied at the top of the device with a rope that is burned with nichrome wire. The probability of an exact hit of the disc on the cut pin with a free fall is low.

The main disadvantage of these devices is the descent into the well and their operation is carried out on a wireline or cable.

Due to the significant pressure drop and the occurrence of water hammer in the collection chamber, the downhole tool experiences significant axial loads. In this regard, there is a serious risk of a breakage of the wireline or cable, on which the device is lowered into the well.

In addition to emergency hazard, this makes it possible to operate these devices only in vertical sections of wells.

The current intensive development of directional and horizontal drilling and, as a result, a significant increase in the well park of the corresponding profile, removes these devices from a number of relevant ones.

As a prototype, a device is considered (patent RU 2203403, IPC ЕВВ 43/25), including a depression chamber with a bleed valve and an inlet valve of the depression chamber, including a housing, a jumper with central and radial holes and a movable part of the intake valve with a seal, while the movable part the inlet valve is made with an internal cavity and has openings in the walls, its internal cavity is closed from above with a nut with holes in the walls, and its b a larger diameter of the firing pin, with the possibility of axial movement and entering a smaller diameter into the nut hole and the central hole of the jumper, a device for this movement, the movable part of the valve is locked with crackers resting on the firing pin (rod) of variable cross section, upon impact with a dumped load or a special spring mechanism crackers are released and the intake valve opens.

The disadvantages of the prototype:

- low valve response reliability. Firstly, with the method of opening the valve by hitting the rod with a load suspended in the upper part of the depression chamber, the slightest change in the angle of inclination of the well from a zero value causes this load to move down to the valve rod along the lateral surface of the depression chamber, while losing significant amount of energy. As a result, the load either does not fall on the valve stem, or its impact energy is not enough to open the valve assembly. Secondly, when opening the valve using a special spring mechanism, the spring itself must be constantly in a loaded state until it opens, which can lead to spontaneous operation of the mechanism at any time, or due to fatigue of the spring material, its energy will not be enough to open the valve;

- the disadvantage is also that a metal pin is used as a shear element of the equipped valve assembly, the material of which is difficult to select with the required shear strength, so that on the one hand the force of the falling load or spring is sufficient for its destruction, and on the other it is not spontaneous operation in the process of assembly, transportation and descent into the well of this device;

- the complexity of the design of the locking elements of the valve assembly - crackers. In addition to their low manufacturability and increase in the cost of the valve assembly, the use of this type of shut-off elements will lead to the fact that with an increase in hydrostatic pressure in the well, the axial load acting on the closed valve will increase. The complexity of the geometric shape of crackers will lead to distortions at the place of their installation and, as a result, to jam the support surface of the stem under the crackers. In this regard, a multiple increase in effort will be required for the axial movement of the rod and the release of crackers, and this cannot be provided with either a suspended load or a spring opening mechanism;

- lack of fixation of the stem relative to the valve after it is opened. In this regard, during the reverse stroke of the valve, the stem, which is able to move along the axis of the valve, again wedges the locking elements - crackers in the open state, which will lead to the inability to return the valve to the socket of the valve assembly body. This will entail the impossibility of retaining the bottom-hole fluid with the clogging elements in the depression chamber and, as a result, its delivery to the surface;

- intensive wear of the valve assembly due to significant shock loads that occur when opening the depression chamber in the well.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability of downhole equipment, increase its efficiency, reduce the accident rate of processing the bottom-hole zone, as well as reduce the cost of their production.

This object is achieved in that the device for processing the bottom-hole zone of the well, including a depression chamber with a pressure stabilizer and a valve assembly of the depression chamber, including a stop baffle with a central guide hole and peripheral channels, a seat and a movable part of the valve, comprising a valve body with a seal and a locking mechanism , the fixing elements of which are located in the radial holes of the valve body and resting on a rod of variable cross-section, located in the axial hole axial displacement of the valve body and axial partition, according to the proposed utility model, the axial partition in the depressant chamber is axially displaceable and equipped with damping elements, a pyrotechnic projectile with an ignition element is electrically connected through the pressure glands to the block located above the depression chamber control and registration in a sealed compartment with an independent power source.

In addition, the locking elements of the locking mechanism of the valve body are standard balls of rolling bearings, and the shear element is made in the form of a washer. In addition, a stopper is arranged on the rod, made, for example, in the form of a retaining ring.

In addition, a damping element is installed on the end surface of the valve body.

The device for processing the bottom-hole zone of the well shown in FIG. 1 constructively consists of the following parts:

1 - control and registration unit; 2 - pressure stabilizer;

3 - depression chamber, which is used as standard tubing tubing with a diameter of 89 mm; 4 - valve assembly.

In FIG. 2 shows the valve assembly 4, which is part of the device layout, where the positions are: 3 — depression chamber, 5 — damping elements, 6 — thrust baffle, 7 — stem, 8 — valve block body, 9 — valve body, 10 — pyrotechnic projectile, 11 - valve assembly seat, 12 - damping element, 13 - stopper, 14 - washer, 15 - locking elements, 16 - cuff, 17 - pressure glands.

The device for processing the bottom-hole zone of the well is an autonomous, non-volatile device that is installed in the tubing string and descends into the well for the processing interval of interest.

This device proposes the principle of controlling the opening of the valve assembly 4 (Fig. 2) using a pyrotechnic projectile 10 with a fuse located inside the valve body 9 under the stem 7.

The fuse is controlled from a non-volatile electronic module located in a sealed compartment in the control and registration unit 1 above the depression chamber 3. As a shear element, a washer 14 is used, which on the one hand reliably fixes the valve stem 7 of the valve assembly in running order, and on the other, it is guaranteed collapses when the pyrotechnic projectile is triggered 10. The principle of controlling the opening of the valve allows the downhole tool to be operated on any interval of vertical, directional and horizontal wells of any profile and provides a high reliability of the valve assembly and maximum control.

As locking elements in this invention, standard balls 15 from rolling bearings are used. The simplicity of the shape of the locking elements of the valve allows you to completely eliminate the dependence of the probability of opening the valve assembly on the desired interval of the well from the value of hydrostatic pressure, to increase the reliability of the valve assembly, the manufacturability of the structure and reduce the cost of manufacture.

In addition, this device provides for the possibility of fixing the rod 7 in the axial direction relative to the valve body 9 after it is opened. Since the stem in the valve after opening the depression chamber is securely fixed with the stopper 13, this makes it possible to prevent re-wedging of the locking elements of the valve in the open state. Therefore, the valve after actuation will again return to the seat 11 of the valve assembly body 8 and provide the required tightness of the depression chamber 3, filled after treatment with bottom-hole liquid, sludge, and clogging elements.

In the proposed device, the thrust partition 6 of the valve body 9 is a separate structural element. It is installed in the housing of the depression chamber 3 with the possibility of axial movement and is equipped with damping elements 5. In addition, a damping element 12 is also located in the upper part of the valve body 9. The presence of these elements provides sequential two-level damping of the valve body 9 after it is opened. This significantly reduces shock loads on both the valve itself and the body parts of the downhole tool. As a result, a decrease in equipment wear and an increase in the resource of its operation.

The operating procedure of the device for processing the bottom-hole zone of the well.

Before lowering into the well during assembly of the device, the control and registration unit 1 with pressure stabilizer 2 is connected to the depression chamber 3 and valve assembly 4. A computer is connected to the device through the interface connector, by which the controller is turned on, power is supplied and the device is delayed. After that, the device is included in the tubing string and descends to the borehole interval of interest. After the delay time, the control unit and registration 1 includes a recording mode of technological parameters (external, internal pressure, temperature). After turning on the recording mode, the controller generates an electrical signal that triggers the pyrotechnic projectile 10. After the actuation, the washer 14 is cut and the rod 7 moves axially. Under the influence of hydrostatic pressure, the locking elements 15 release the valve body 9, which leads to depressurization of the depression chamber 3. High the flow rate when filling the depression chamber creates a series of hydroblows, forming harmonic damped pressure fluctuations. The stop 13, the locking rod 7, after opening the valve assembly 4 prevents wedging of the valve body 9 in the seat 11 after the first reverse water hammer in the depression chamber 3. This allows the valve body 9 to repeatedly move in the axial direction, opening and closing the depression chamber 3, to full equalization of pressure inside and out. Throughout the entire period of processing the bottom-hole zone, the technological parameters of this process are recorded with writing to the non-volatile memory of the control and registration unit 1. After the treatment is completed, the device rises to the wellhead. Using a pressure stabilizer 2 equalizes the pressure inside the depression chamber 3 to atmospheric. After that, the borehole fluid is taken from the depression chamber 3 and the information recorded during processing is read.

Intended use: in the operation of oil wells. Provides increased efficiency, reliability and reduced accident rate during work; provides reliable closing of the inlet valve after filling the depression chamber, effective cleaning of the bottomhole formation zone from sludge and clogging elements.

The device performs the following functions:

- intensive cleaning of sludge, industrial debris and other foreign objects of any interval of the well from the bottomhole zone to the mouth;

- processing of the old fund of production oil and gas wells with a reduced oil recovery coefficient in order to increase it;

- improving the reservoir properties of reservoirs;

- registration and recording in the non-volatile memory of the device a number of parameters, such as hydrostatic pressure, temperature of the interval of interest, the dynamics of their changes during and after processing, as well as the ability to read this information for subsequent processing and interpretation.

Claims (4)

1. A device for processing the bottom-hole zone of a well, including a depression chamber with a pressure stabilizer and a valve assembly of a depression chamber, including a stop baffle with a central guide hole and peripheral channels, a seat and a movable part of the valve comprising a valve body with a seal and a locking mechanism, the fixing elements of which placed in the radial holes of the valve body and resting on a rod of variable cross-section, located in the axial hole of the valve body and the stop plate the possibility of axial movement, characterized in that the thrust partition in the housing of the depression chamber is mounted with the possibility of axial movement and is equipped with damping elements, a pyrotechnic projectile with a firing element is placed in the lower part of the rod, electrically connected through a pressure seal to the control and registration unit located above the depression chamber in an airtight compartment with self-contained power supply. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the locking elements of the locking mechanism of the valve body are standard balls of rolling bearings, and the shear element is made in the form of a washer. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the stopper is placed on the rod, made, for example, in the form of a retaining ring. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a damping element is installed on the end surface of the valve body.

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