RU164940U1 - BURNER OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYZER WITH INTENSIVE MIXING OF COMPONENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

A burner device of an aluminum electrolyzer with intensive mixing of components, containing a landing pipe with air intake slots, a combustion chamber and a swirl mounted on the bearing shaft to rotate under the action of forces created by a moving gas-air flow, characterized in that the swirl is made in the form of a propeller and is located in the landing the nozzle of the burner at the level of the upper edge of the air intake slits, while the ratio of the diameter of the swirl d to the diameter of the landing tube D is d: D = (0.8 ÷ 0.9): 1.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, namely to the electrolytic production of aluminum, and is intended for burning anode gases in burner devices of electrolytic cells with a self-burning anode.

A burner device of a slit type aluminum electrolyzer with a self-baking anode is known, in which an increase in the intensity of mixing of the burned anode gases with air is provided by a targeted change in the area of the intake openings of the burner device, which is accompanied by a change in the volumes of air sucked in through them [RF patent for invention No. 2456383, publ. 07/20/2012].

A disadvantage of the known device is the mixing of the components only at the entrance to the burner, which determines the diffusion mode of combustion in the combustion chamber.

A burner device of an aluminum electrolyzer is known in which intensive mixing of the burned anode gases with air is provided by a swirler located in the combustion chamber of the burner device [RF patent for invention No. 2456380, publ. 07/20/2012].

A disadvantage of the known device is the static and small diameter of the swirler, which does not provide full contact of the swirl elements with the gas stream.

The purpose of the claimed utility model is to increase the intensity of mixing the combusted anode gases with air and increase the efficiency of the afterburning of combustible components of the anode gas.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the burner device of an aluminum electrolyzer with intensive mixing of components, containing a landing pipe with air intake slots, a combustion chamber and a swirl mounted on the bearing shaft with the possibility of rotation under the action of forces created by a moving gas-air stream, while the swirl is made in in the form of a propeller and is located in the landing pipe of the burner at the level of the upper edge of the air intake slits, while the ratio of the diameter of the swirl i d to the diameter of the landing pipe D is d: D = (0.8 ÷ 0.9): l.

The implementation of the swirl in the form of a propeller provides targeted twisting of the burned gas stream in the burner device, which is accompanied by an increase in the intensity of mixing and afterburning of the combustible components of the anode gas.

Placing the swirler at the level of the upper edge of the air intake slots provides preliminary mixing of the burned anode gases and air before they enter the combustion chamber, with a corresponding increase in the efficiency of the afterburning of combustible components.

Placing the swirler below the upper edge of the air intake slots carries the risk of knocking out the mixed components — anode gas and air — into the atmosphere of the electrolysis body. Placing the swirler above the upper edge of the air intake slots carries the risk that the swirl blades will fall into the ignition zone of the combusted air-gas mixture, which will cause them to undergo accelerated wear.

The swirl diameter d equal to 0.8–0.9 of the diameter of the nozzle D ensures almost complete contact and mixing of the burned anode gases entering the burner from the bottom of the nozzle and the air drawn in through the air inlet slots. The decrease in the ratio d: D <(0.8 ÷ 0.9): 1 carries the risk of reducing the quality of mixing of the anode gases with air before they enter the combustion chamber. Exceeding the ratio d: D> (0.8 ÷ 0.9): 1 carries the risk of touching the blades of the inner wall of the landing pipe and jamming of the swirl in case of deformation of the bearing shaft caused by the action of thermal forces.

The inventive utility model is illustrated graphically. The burner device with the combustion chamber 1 and the landing pipe 2, equipped with air intake slots 3, contains a swirler 4, made in the form of a propeller and placed in the landing pipe at the level of the upper edge of the air intake cracks. The swirl is mounted on the shaft 5, the possibility of rotation of which is provided by the bearing 6, located on the outside of the burner device.

The burner device operates as follows. The anode gases coming from the bottom of the nozzle 2 and the air drawn in through the air intake slots 3 are pre-mixed with a swirl 4 fixed to the shaft 5 before entering the combustion chamber 1, the rotation of which is provided by a bearing 6 located on the outside of the combustion chamber. Pre-mixing provides an increase in the efficiency of afterburning of the combustible components of the anode gas. Placing the bearing on the outside of the combustion chamber allows it to be replaced without dismantling the burner device.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in the targeted mixing of the combusted anode gases with air, which is accompanied by an increase in the efficiency of the afterburning of the combustible components of the anode gas.

Claims (1)

A burner device of an aluminum electrolyzer with intensive mixing of components, containing a landing pipe with air intake slots, a combustion chamber and a swirl mounted on the bearing shaft to rotate under the action of forces created by a moving gas-air flow, characterized in that the swirl is made in the form of a propeller and is located in the landing the nozzle of the burner at the level of the upper edge of the air intake slits, while the ratio of the diameter of the swirl d to the diameter of the landing tube D is d: D = (0.8 ÷ 0.9): 1.

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