RU143853U1 - DEFLECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The ventilation system deflector installed on the ventilation stack and containing three conical disks connected to each other by posts, two of which are truncated, offset along the deflector axis relative to each other and facing each other with small bases to form a channel along the profile of the Venturi nozzle for the passage of the outer and removal of polluted air, while one of the truncated disks, located on the side of the riser, has a central hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the riser opening, and a protective mesh placed between the truncated disks and attached to the risers, all disks are made of a simple conical shape, with one and the same outer diameter and taper angle equal to 30°, characterized in that the posts are threaded at the ends for nuts, which are located above and below the holes along the perimeter of the large base of the conical disks.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to techniques for ventilation and air conditioning and can be used in natural duct ventilation of buildings and structures for various purposes: residential, public, industrial, as well as cellars, basements, garages, etc.

Known special nozzles - baffles [1], installed at the ends of the exhaust pipes or at the mouth of the mines of civil buildings, as well as directly above the exhaust openings in the roofs of industrial buildings. The purpose of the deflector is to enhance the extraction of contaminated air from various rooms.

The deflector is based on the use of energy from the air flow - wind. To increase the speed of the removed air in the exhaust pipe (shaft), respectively, to increase its speed (dynamic) pressure and natural ventilation in the room by installing a nozzle in the form of a Venturi nozzle over the mouth of the exhaust device [1, 2].

When air moves through the Venturi nozzle in the sections of its elements, the static and dynamic pressure of the air flow differ significantly from each other. In the neck, where the flow cross section is the smallest and the velocity is greatest, the dynamic pressure of the flow increases and the static pressure decreases, which increases the degree of rarefaction. And, on the contrary, at the outlet of the diffuser, where the flow cross section is the largest, the dynamic pressure decreases, and the static pressure increases. Thus, a venturi nozzle is used as an ejection element. It was established [1] that the degree of rarefaction in the throat channel depends on the width of the throat and wind speed; it increases with increasing wind speed.

Known deflector [3], mounted on a vertical ventilation riser and containing three conical disks made of simple conical shape with the same outer diameter and taper angle of 30 °, interconnected by vertical struts, two of which are truncated, offset relative to each other each other along the axis of the deflector and facing towards each other with the formation of a channel with the profile of the Venturi nozzle for the passage of external and removal of the removed contaminated air from the room. The lower disk adjacent to the ventilation riser is flanged toward the upper and the central hole having a diameter equal to the diameter of the opening of the ventilation riser. The third conical disk is located above the upper disk. A protective net is installed between the disks along the perimeter of the base, which is mounted on the racks of the deflector. Moreover, the ratio of the distance between the small bases of the truncated disks - h to the diameter of the hole - d is 0.3-0.4. This deflector is the closest analogue to the proposed deflector model.

However, the known deflector provides high efficiency by selecting the optimal amount of clearance between the conical disks for a specific wind speed, which is fixed at the stage of its manufacture. At the same time, it is known that the numerical value of the average wind speed has a different value depending on the geographical location of the ventilated object and the period of the year (warm or cold) [4]. Therefore, the efficiency of the manufactured deflector depends on local climatic conditions, the period of the year, and its design does not allow to change (increase) it during operation.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the deflector for extracting contaminated air from rooms in the natural ventilation system during operation, in particular by increasing the air pressure in the nozzle when the wind speed changes due to a change in the distance between the small bases of the truncated disks.

To achieve the technical result, the deflector posts are threaded at the ends for the nuts, which are located above and below the holes along the perimeter of the large base of the conical disks. This design allows you to change the distance between the small bases of the truncated disks - h, respectively, to optimize its ratio to the diameter - d of the vent riser holes during operation, depending on the actual wind speed.

A diagram of the proposed deflector for extracting contaminated air from rooms is shown in FIG. one.

The positions in FIG. 1 denote:

1 - conical disk; 2, 3 - truncated disks; 4 - racks; 5 - mesh; 6-hole; 7 - mowing; 8 - pipe.

The scheme for mounting discs to racks is shown in FIG. 2, 3.

The positions in FIG. 2, 3 denote:

1 - the base of the disk; 2, 3 - nuts; 4 - rack;

The deflector for extracting contaminated air from rooms contains three conical disks 1, 2, 3 made of simple conical shape with the same outer diameter and taper angle of 30 °, interconnected by vertical struts 4, two of which are truncated, offset relative to each other along the axis of the deflector and facing towards each other with the formation of the channel with the profile of the Venturi pipe for the passage of the external and removal of the removed contaminated air from the room. The lower disk 3 adjacent to the pipe 8 of the ventilation riser is flanged to the upper side and a central hole having a diameter equal to the diameter of the opening of the ventilation riser. The third conical disk 1 is placed above the upper disk 2. Between the disks along the perimeter of the base there is a protective net 5, which is mounted on the posts of the deflector 4. The racks are threaded at the ends for nuts, which are located above and below the holes around the perimeter of the base of the conical disks.

The mounting scheme of the disks to the racks ensures their rigid fixation relative to each other, the ability to change and adjust the gap - the distance between the truncated disks in order to ensure the optimal h / d ratio depending on the wind speed.

To increase the mechanical stiffness of the mounting of the conical disk 3 to the pipe of the ventilation riser 8, jaws 7 are provided.

The deflector for drawing contaminated air from the premises operates as follows.

Outside air due to wind energy enters the channel formed by two truncated conical disks 2, 3, it consecutively passes through its conical narrowing (confuser) part, the gap (neck) between the small bases of the truncated cones, the expanding (diffuser) part, and enters the atmosphere. In this case, an ejection effect arises in the neck due to a decrease in static pressure and an increase in dynamic pressure. The driving force of the process (natural ventilation) increases - the difference in static pressure at the air inlet-outlet in the pipe 8 for the exhaust pipe of the room ventilation system, which helps to increase the speed of the removed air, i.e. its consumption, increases air exchange with the environment.

To ensure maximum efficiency of the deflector when changing wind speed, it is possible to change (decrease or increase) the distance between the small bases of the truncated disks h, respectively, the ratio h / d, by changing the length of the racks 4 between the truncated disks 2, 3 using a screw nut , i.e. optimize the process of removing contaminated air during operation in this climate area.

In some cases, the use of the developed device for extracting contaminated air from rooms excludes the use of fans for mechanical removal of air, i.e. contributes to the saving of material resources and energy resources.

Thus, the advantages of the claimed utility model - deflector for extracting contaminated air from the premises should include:

- improving the efficiency of channel natural ventilation due to the possibility of optimizing the driving force of the process - the difference between the static air pressure at the inlet - the outlet in the ventilation channel of the premises during operation when the wind speed changes, which in some cases helps to improve the sanitary conditions in the rooms, in others cases - reducing the time for preparing vegetable stores for product storage, etc .;

- saving material resources;

- saving of energy resources.

Information sources

1. Averkin AG, Experimental studies of the efficiency of devices for removing polluted air from their premises / A.G. Averkin, M.A. Ivankin, Yu.V. Rodionov, O.V. Tarakanov // Scientific Bulletin of Voronezh, state. arch. - builds. un-that. Construction and architecture. - 2012. - No. 2 (26). - S. 23-28.

2. Pat. 2410608 Russian Federation, IPC F24F 7/02, F23L 17/02. A device for removing contaminated air from a room / Averkin A.G., Eremkin A.I., Mironov K.V., Ivankin M.A .; Applicant and patentee Penz. state un-t arch. and p. - No. 2008122123; declared 06/02/08; publ. 01/27/11. Bull. Number 3.

3. Pat. 24722 Russian Federation IPC F24F 7/00 Deflector / Odnovolov A.I .; Applicant and patent holder A. Odnovolov - No. 2002102700/20; declared 02/08/02; publ. 08/20/02. Bull. Number 23.

4. SNiP 23.01.99. Construction climatology / Gosstroy of Russia. - M .: GUP TsPP, 2000.

Claims (1)

The ventilation system deflector mounted on the ventilation riser and containing three conical disks connected to each other by struts, two of which are truncated, are displaced along the deflector axis relative to each other and face each other with small bases to form a channel along the profile of the Venturi nozzle for external passage and removal of contaminated air, while one of the truncated disks located on the side of the riser has a Central hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the hole of the riser, and a protective mesh, between the truncated disks and attached to the risers, all disks are made of simple conical shape, with the same outer diameter and taper angle of 30 °, characterized in that the racks are threaded at the ends for nuts, which are located above and below the holes the perimeter of the large base of the conical discs.