RU149829U1 - CENTRIFUGAL TYPE FILTER DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A centrifugal type filter device comprising a cylindrical body with a lid, inside which a cylindrical partition is located coaxially to the body with the formation of zones for the accumulation of sludge and purified water with its nozzles, and filter drums with drain peaks directed to the accumulation zone of sludge, characterized in that the filter drums are mounted rotatably on the pipe supplying water for cleaning, which has windows for the water to enter the cavity of the inner cylinder, the filter shaft drums, everything except the outer one, are equipped on their outer side with spiral scrapers made to touch the inner surface of each subsequent corresponding drum, a central spiral scraper is fixedly fixed on the housing cover in the cavity of the inner filter drum with the possibility of touching the inner surface of this drum, in addition filter drums have different sizes of perforation cells with a decrease in this value from the inner drum to the outer and different rotation speed. 2. The filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades are rigidly fixed to the central tube in the cavity of the inner cylinder.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment from dispersed impurities and can be used in mechanical engineering, production of building materials, energy, oil and chemical industries.

Known devices for cleaning liquids from suspended solids in centrifuges using a filter device in the form of a perforated drum (A. Timonin "Environmental Engineering Guide" T. 2 Fig. 156, p. 495 ed. N. Bochkareva Kaluga, 2003-884 from.). Due to centrifugal force, the liquid is filtered through the perforation of the drum, and pollutants settle in the form of sludge on the surface of the drum, which must be periodically cleaned, or to ensure the discharge of sludge using a special scraper.

A device is known (Patent No. 2226419 RU B01D 33/39, C02F 1/38. Publ. 10.04.2004) intended for the implementation of wastewater and other liquids containing dispersed impurities. The device comprises a housing, a cone-shaped filtering surface, a system of its forced rotation, a power supply system, a collection and discharge of liquid with nozzles. In the filtering surface, two conical surfaces are additionally arranged concentrically with angles increasing by 1.2-1.5 times (φ ₁ φ ₂ φ ₃ ) at the apex of each of the cones relative to the previous step and the dimensions of the filtering holes from cone to cone, made in proportion 1000: 100: 1, in the direction from the axis of rotation of the cones to the periphery. This device is taken by us as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows. Particles of contaminants deposited on each cone filter element in the form of sludge can move in the form of a film stream to the top of each cone filter element. The degree of this movement, and, consequently, self-cleaning, will be determined by the adhesive and viscosity characteristics of the sludge, which behaves like a non-Newtonian fluid. Moreover, the smaller the angles φ ₁ φ ₂ φ ₃ , the worse the self-cleaning process will be, the filter surface will clog and periodic mechanical cleaning of the filter element will be required, which reduces performance and complicates maintenance technology. In addition, the rotation of the set of filter elements does not lead to the rotation of the entire volume of liquid, therefore, there is no centrifugal force, which contributes to the fractional separation of suspended solids. The liquid in the prototype passes through the filter surface only due to hydrostatic forces.

The technical result, the achievement of which the proposed device is aimed at, is ensuring high-quality regeneration of filter elements, increasing productivity and simplifying maintenance.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a centrifugal filter device containing a cylindrical body with a lid, inside which a coaxial housing is located, which forms a zone for the accumulation of sludge and an accumulation zone of purified water, each of the zones has its own nozzles for discharging sludge and discharging purified water, respectively, new is that the housing contains filter drums with drain peaks directed to the zone of accumulation of sludge, these drums are fixed with the possibility of rotation on the pipe supplying water for cleaning, on which there are windows for water for cleaning to enter the cavity of the internal filter drum, and also the blades are rigidly fixed on it, in addition, the filter drums are all equipped with spiral scrapers on their outer side, made with the possibility of touching the inner surface of each subsequent corresponding drum, and on the housing cover in the cavity of the inner drum the central spiral scraper is fixedly fixed with awn touch the inner surface of this drum, wherein the drums have different filter values perforation cells, with a reduction of this magnitude from the inner to the outer drum, and for each of the filter drums provided different rotation speed.

The proposed device is presented in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, where:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a centrifugal type filter device;

FIG. 2 - view A (arrangement of scrapers and filter cones);

FIG. 3 - section BB (central inlet pipe with blades and windows for water intake).

Here:

1. housing;

2. partition;

3. screw (spiral) scrapers;

4. outer filter drum (filter element);

5. medium filter drum (filter element);

6. internal filter drum (filter element);

7. top cover;

8. rotation unit;

9. central spiral scraper;

10. drain peaks for sludge;

11. sludge discharge pipe;

12. a branch pipe for the removal of purified water;

13. blades;

14. rotation transmission unit;

15. central inlet pipe;

16. gearbox;

17. windows of water intake.

In the proposed device, a cylindrical body 1, inside which there is a coaxially located partition 2, forming two zones - the outer zone of accumulation of sludge and the inner zone of purification and accumulation of purified water. A central supply pipe 15 with windows 17 passes through the center of the housing 1 for the treated water to enter the treatment zone. The rotation of the pipe 15 is carried out in the rotation unit 8 from an external drive (not shown). Cone-shaped drums are installed on the pipe 15, the side walls of which are filter elements: 4 - an external filter drum; 5 - middle filter drum; 6 - internal filter drum. The filter walls of the drums 6, 5, 4 have different sizes of perforations with a decrease from the inner drum to the outer. On the back of the drums 6 and 5 there are spiral scrapers 3 relating to the filter surfaces 5 and 4, respectively. The upper part of the drums 6, 5, 4 have drain visors 10 for draining the sludge into the sludge accumulation zone.

A cover 7 is mounted on the housing 1, on which there is a rotation unit 8 and a spiral scraper 9 is fixed, with turns touching the inner filter surface of the drum 6. The drums 4, 5, 6 are located on the pipe 15 and are driven by an external drive (not shown) through the assembly rotation transmission 14 and gearbox 16. In the bottom of the housing 1 there is a fitting 12 for discharging purified water and a fitting 11 for discharging sludge.

The proposed device operates as follows. The initial waste water is supplied through the central inlet pipe 15 and through the windows 17 fills the space of the inner drum 6. Simultaneously with the water entering the device, from the external drive through the gearbox 16 and the rotation unit 14, the drums 6, 5, 4 begin to rotate, moreover, the rotation unit 14 provides different rotational speeds, with rotational speeds n ₄ , n ₅ , n ₆ (the number of revolutions of the respective drums), while n ₆ , n ₅ , n ₄ . The fluid entering the drum 6, under the action of hydrostatic forces, begins to be filtered through the filter surface of the drum 6 and enters the space between 5 and 6 of the drums. The largest particles of contaminants are trapped on the surface of the filter element. The central stationary scraper 9 begins to clean the surface of the filter drum 6 from sludge due to the rotation of the drum. The layer of sludge due to the action of centrifugal forces rises along the spiral surface of the scraper 9 and the corresponding drain peak 10 is discharged into the accumulation zone of the sludge of the casing and is discharged through the branch pipe of the sludge 11. The liquid entering the inner drum from the windows for water 17 passes successively through the filter surfaces 6, 5, 4, the cells of which decrease from the inner drum 6 to the outer drum 4. The sludge settling on the filter surfaces is scraped off by spiral scrapers 3, and due to the difference in speed th drums, scrapers touching the filter surfaces of drums 5 and 4 have a relatively high rotation speed relative to them (i.e. filter surfaces), due to which the sludge is scraped off and rises to the drain peaks 10 along the spiral surface of the scrapers and is discharged into the sludge accumulation zone and discharged through the pipe 11. The purified water, passing several filter elements in series, is discharged through the pipe 12.

Thus, the use in the proposed device of a set of filter drums with different cell sizes and different rotational speeds allows efficient wastewater treatment from suspended solids with continuous regeneration of filter elements from the settling sludge layer.

Claims (2)

1. A centrifugal type filter device comprising a cylindrical body with a lid, inside which a cylindrical partition is located coaxially to the body with the formation of zones for the accumulation of sludge and purified water with its nozzles, and filter drums with drain peaks directed to the accumulation zone of sludge, characterized in that the filter drums are mounted rotatably on the pipe supplying water for cleaning, which has windows for the water to enter the cavity of the inner cylinder, the filter shaft drums, everything except the outer one, are equipped on their outer side with spiral scrapers made to touch the inner surface of each subsequent corresponding drum, a central spiral scraper is fixedly fixed on the housing cover in the cavity of the inner filter drum with the possibility of touching the inner surface of this drum, in addition filter drums have different sizes of perforation cells with a decrease in this value from the inner drum to the outer and different speed of rotation. 2. The filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades are rigidly fixed to the central pipe in the cavity of the inner cylinder.

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