RU146301U1 - MODULAR AIRCRAFT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A modular aircraft comprising a fuselage with a cockpit, passenger and / or cargo compartment and a tail, vertical and horizontal tail units, two wing consoles, a power plant of two or three gas turbine engines, transmission elements and a pulling screw mounted in front of the vertical and horizontal tail unit, characterized in that it is made in the form of a base module with means for detachably connecting two paired removable modules to the end parts of the wing consoles, and paired The modules are made either in the form of two rotors, or in the form of two pulling screws or in the form of two pulling screws with extension elements of the wing consoles, each connected to its gearbox and transmission shaft, or in the form of two extension elements of the wing consoles, and equipped with reciprocal means for attaching to the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module. 2. The modular aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the means on the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module and the response means for detachable attachment of the removable modules include flanges for connecting the transmission shafts and eyes for rigid attachment of the removable modules using pins.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of aviation technology, in particular to the design and operation of aircraft designed for regional transportation.

Known vehicles of the aircraft type modular design (RU 2297371, 01/17/2002; RU 110716, 01/08/2011; RU 2010144931, 02.11.2010; GB 2455362, 12/07/2007; multipurpose amphibious hovercraft "Dingo", http: / /www.aviaport.ru/directory/aviation/dingo/) containing the fuselage, wing, propellers, propulsion system, take-off and landing devices and carrying passengers and cargo. To increase the efficiency of transportation, they use modular designs of the passenger or cargo compartments, equip places for transporting patients, special cargo, etc., which are mounted in preparation for the flight, depending on the flight mission.

The disadvantage of these vehicles is the great diversity and lack of unification of additional equipment, which leads to the need to have different types of aircraft at the same airport, which reduces the efficiency of regional transportation. Another disadvantage is the use during takeoff and landing of only specially equipped airfields or sections of the water surface.

There are also known vertical takeoff and landing vehicles of a modular design for various purposes (RU 2448869, 3.12.2010; US 7946530, 05.242011; Ka-26 helicopters, http://www.airwar.ru/enc/uh/ka26.html#LTH; RU 110715, 11/27/2011), containing the fuselage, the supporting system, the power plant, takeoff and landing devices. As modules, these vehicles use wings, propulsive propulsors, removable cargo and passenger compartments.

The disadvantage of these vehicles is low efficiency when used on equipped aerodromes, because They have a lot of weight and low flight speed. The disadvantage is that these vehicles are designed to solve a narrow range of tasks.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the proposed utility model to the type of aircraft is a high-speed rotorcraft (patent for utility model RU 127038) containing a fuselage with a tail boom and keel, two wing consoles and two rotors located on the wing consoles and installed with overlapping, this rotors are made rigid. The power plant consists of two gas turbine engines that are built into the root of the wing consoles. On the keel, a traction screw is installed in front, designed to create additional propulsive force, and horizontal tail is made, and the axis of the traction screw is located in the plane of the horizontal tail. Two gas turbine engines are connected via transmission elements to the rotors and to the traction rotor. The power plant may include a third gas turbine engine with the possibility of transmitting rotation through the transmission elements to either the traction screw or rotors, or both the rotors and the traction screw.

The disadvantage of this vehicle is its low efficiency when used on equipped aerodromes, because high-speed rotorcraft is designed to solve a narrow range of tasks and is designed for vertical take-off and landing from helipads. Another disadvantage is the limitation of flight speed due to the presence of rotors.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the aircraft and expand the range of tasks by creating a modular aircraft and helicopter type aircraft using the base transport module.

The problem is solved due to the fact that a modular aircraft containing a fuselage with a cockpit, a passenger and / or cargo compartment and a tail, vertical and horizontal tail units, two wing consoles, a power plant of two or three gas turbine engines, transmission elements and the pulling screw installed in front of the vertical and horizontal tail units, in accordance with the claimed utility model, is made in the form of a base module with means for detachable connection of two paired removable modules to the end parts of the wing consoles, and paired removable modules are made either in the form of two rotors, or in the form of two pulling screws, or in the form of two pulling screws with extension elements of the wing consoles, each connected to its gearbox and transmission shaft, or in the form of two elements for the extension of the wing consoles, and equipped with response means for attaching to the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module.

Moreover, the means on the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module and the response means for detachable connection of the removable modules include flanges for connecting the transmission shafts and eyes for rigidly connecting the removable modules using pins.

The basic module contains all the basic flight support systems for the aircraft: power plant, fuel system, take-off and landing devices, power supply system, flight control system, etc. Attachment of removable modules to the basic module, depending on the flight task and application conditions, will increase the efficiency of transport applications funds and expand the range of tasks for regional transportation.

The design of the modular aircraft is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

FIG. 1 - base module;

FIG. 2 - a fragment of the base module;

FIG. 3 - a fragment of a paired removable module: main rotor with its gearbox and transmission shaft;

FIG. 4 is a fragment of a paired removable module: a lateral pulling screw with its gearbox and transmission shaft together with an extension element of the wing console;

FIG. 5 is a fragment of a paired removable module: a removable extension element of the wing console;

FIG. 6 - a modular aircraft of a helicopter type;

FIG. 7 - a modular aircraft aircraft type with lateral pulling screws;

FIG. 8 - modular aircraft type aircraft with extension elements of the wing consoles.

The basic module of the aircraft (Fig. 1) contains the fuselage 1 with the cockpit 2, passenger and / or cargo compartment 3 and tail section 4, vertical 5 and horizontal 6 tail unit, two wing consoles 7, power unit 8 of two or three gas turbine engines, transmission elements, consisting of intermediate gears and transmission shafts (not shown in the figure), a pulling screw 9, installed in front of the vertical 5 and horizontal 6 tail unit. The basic module (Fig. 2) is equipped with means for detachable connection of removable modules: a flange 10 for connecting the transmission shafts and an eye 11 for rigidly connecting the removable module using pins (not shown in the figure).

A paired removable module with a rotor 12 (Fig. 3) with its gearbox and transmission shaft (not shown in the figure) contains response means for detachable connection to the end parts of the wing console 7 of the base module: flanges 13 for connecting the transmission shafts and the eye 14 for rigid connections to the base module using pins (not shown in the figure).

A paired removable module with a pulling screw 15 (Fig. 4), with its gearbox and transmission shaft (not shown in the figure) and an extension element 18 of the wing consoles 7, also contains response means for detachable connection to the end parts of the wing consoles 7 of the base module: flanges 16 for connecting the transmission shafts and eye 17 for rigid connection with the base module using pins (not shown in the figure). The removable module may not contain extension elements 18 of the wing consoles 7.

A paired removable module with extension elements 19 of the wing consoles 7 (Fig. 5) contains response means for releasably connecting to the end parts of the wing consoles 7 of the base module: eyelets 20 for rigid connection to the base module using pins (not shown in the figure).

In the figure of FIG. 6 shows the design of a helicopter-type modular aircraft, and in the figures of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 design options for a modular aircraft aircraft type.

Modular aircraft operates as follows. One or more basic modules of a modular aircraft and sets of paired removable modules are delivered to a regional transportation organization that has an equipped airfield and a runway. The organization’s specialists, depending on the conditions of use and the flight mission, mount certain paired removable modules on the base module.

When transporting passengers and goods from one airfield to another, a paired removable module with extension of the wing consoles 19 is used (Fig. 8 and Fig. 5). The lifting force of such an airplane-type modular aircraft is created by the wing consoles 7 of the base module and the extensions of the wing consoles of the removable modules 19. Propulsive force is provided by a pulling screw 9 installed in front of the tail unit and driven from the power plant 8 by means of a transmission.

To increase the flight speed or payload weight of an airplane-type modular aircraft, a paired removable module with a pulling screw (Fig. 7) or, alternatively, with a pulling screw 15 with an extension element of the wing console 18 (Fig. 4) can be used. Propulsive force created by three pulling screws, can significantly increase flight speed.

When transporting passengers and goods outside the aerodrome network, paired removable modules with a rotor 12 are installed on the base module of a helicopter-type modular aircraft (Fig. 6 and Fig. 3). In the vertical take-off, landing and hovering mode, the lifting force is created by two rotors 12 located along the transverse pattern. The rotors are rotated from the power plant 8 using a transmission. The pulling screw 9 is feathering. In the horizontal flight mode, the lifting force is created by the vertical component of the thrust of the rotors 12 and the wing consoles 7. Propulsive force is created by the horizontal component of the thrust of the propellers 12 and the thrust of the propeller 9. The angular position of the modular aircraft is controlled using the rudders on the vertical 5 and horizontal 6 tail.

Claims (2)

1. A modular aircraft comprising a fuselage with a cockpit, passenger and / or cargo compartment and a tail, vertical and horizontal tail units, two wing consoles, a power plant of two or three gas turbine engines, transmission elements and a pulling screw mounted in front of the vertical and horizontal tail unit, characterized in that it is made in the form of a base module with means for detachably connecting two paired removable modules to the end parts of the wing consoles, and paired The modules are made either in the form of two rotors, or in the form of two pulling screws or in the form of two pulling screws with extension elements of the wing consoles, each connected to its gearbox and transmission shaft, or in the form of two extension elements of the wing consoles, and equipped with reciprocal means for attaching to the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module. 2. The modular aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the means on the end parts of the wing consoles of the base module and the response means for detachable attachment of the removable modules include flanges for connecting the transmission shafts and eyes for rigid attachment of the removable modules using pins.

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