RU132437U1 - STATION OF DEEP BIOCHEMICAL CLEANING OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Station for the deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater, comprising a housing in which a two-chamber sump, a bioreactor with submerged loading, a laminar sump, a coagulation system, a sludge disinfection system, clean water pumps, a hydraulic sludge collection and return system are located, characterized in that the structural elements and parts of the station in contact with wastewater are made of a corrosion-resistant material, which is used as polypropylene, and that the loading m The bioreactor material is made of biological material, the biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are used. 2. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the biological material, which is used as a biocenosis of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, includes autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the bioreactor containing an air-blown bio-loading element is located in the upper part of the station body, above the aeration element, which, in turn, is located above the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model belongs.

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely to stations for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater, containing a housing in which there are a two-chamber sump, a bioreactor with submerged loading, a laminar sump, a coagulation system, a sludge disinfection system, pumps for clean water is a hydraulic system for collecting and returning sludge and can be used for complete biological treatment of household and separate buildings and objects close to them in terms of wastewater composition infrastructure and other autonomous (decentralized) sewage systems.

Here, the term “top and bottom” is used everywhere as indications of direction parallel to gravity, respectively, “down” - directed along gravity, “up” - against.

The level of technology.

A station for the deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater is known from the prior art, comprising a housing in which there is a two-chamber sump, a bioreactor with submerged loading material containing an aeration element, a laminar sump, a coagulation system, a sludge disinfection system, a clean water removal system, hydraulic sludge collection and return system (see description from the website of the manufacturer of the deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater "Alta Air Master" http://www.alta-group.ru/a ltaairmasterpro.html)

This device is the closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model and is taken as a prototype for the proposed utility model.

The disadvantage of this device is the low technical characteristics of the station, due to the fact that the material from which it is made is heavy, has low thermal insulation properties, and is subject to deformation. In addition, the biofuel material of the station also has low technical characteristics.

Disclosure of a utility model.

Based on this original observation, the present utility model mainly aims to propose a station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater, which allows at least smoothing at least one of the above disadvantages, namely, to increase the technical characteristics of a station for deep biochemical treatment of household wastewater water

To achieve this goal, the structural elements and parts of the station in contact with wastewater are made of a corrosion-resistant material, which is used as polypropylene.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to lighten the weight of the station, since polypropylene is a light material, it also has high thermal insulation properties and is practically not subject to deformation. It is very simple to attach or weld the internal partitions to it, and it is well cooked with a hairdryer or extruder.

In addition, the bioreactor loading material is made of biological material, which is used as biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Thanks to such an advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to use both attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, which makes it possible to increase the technical characteristics of biological material.

There is a variant of a utility model in which biological material is used as biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, including autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.

Thanks to such a favorable characteristic, it becomes possible to use both autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms, which allows to increase the technical characteristics of biological material.

There is a variant of the utility model in which a bioreactor containing an aeration element is located in the upper part of the station body, above the aeration element, which in turn is located above the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment.

This arrangement provides the optimal concentration of microorganisms in the bioreactor, which is automatically maintained at a certain level, and this level is several times higher than the concentration of microorganisms in the prototype. Due to this arrangement, ascending air flows tear off light microorganisms and lift them up, while heavy ones go down and enter the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment, where they are mixed with sludge, which returns to the primary chamber.

The set of essential features of the proposed utility model is unknown from the prior art for devices of similar purpose, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "novelty" for the utility model is met.

A brief description of the drawings.

Other distinguishing features and advantages of the utility model clearly follow from the description below for illustration and not being restrictive, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

- figure 1 schematically depicts a functional diagram of a station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater, a top view, according to a utility model.

- figure 2 schematically depicts the relative position of the bioreactor, aeration element, a hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment, in side view according to a utility model

According to figures 1 and 2, the station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater includes a housing 1, which houses a two-chamber settler 2, a bioreactor 3 with immersed loading material 4, containing an aeration element 5, a laminar settler 6, a coagulation system 7, and a disinfection system sludge, clean water removal system, hydraulic system for collecting and returning sludge.

Advantageously, a more detailed station arrangement is as follows.

Two-chamber sump 2 consists of 2 separate sections with overflow. The overflow in the sump 2 is located so that the wastewater flows at the lowest speed, due to which coarse suspended particles settle to the bottom in each chamber, the overflow is organized in the center of the chamber volume to ensure the overflow of the most purified water. Simultaneously with the flow overflow, countercurrent sediment movement was organized.

Two-chamber sump 2 is equipped with a sludge disinfection system. The special ovicidal preparation Alta is dosed into the first chamber of settling tank 2 strictly in accordance with the actual productivity of the station and completely destroys helminth eggs within 6 hours from the moment of the last influx.

Bioreactor (biofilter) 3 is a module in which wastewater is filtered through a feed material 4 coated with a biological film (biofilm) formed by colonies of microorganisms. In the bioreactor 3, an aeration element 5 is installed, intended for the forced saturation of water with oxygen from the air. The precipitating chemical (coagulant) Alta in the liquid fraction is supplied here from the coagulation system 7. The coagulant significantly increases the rate of sedimentation of suspended solids from the runoff, and also, through a chemical reaction, promotes the binding of phosphorus. The coagulant is dosed into the bioreactor 3 strictly in accordance with the actual productivity of the station.

The laminar sump 6 is equipped with lamellas, while the sludge in the laminar sump is up to 4 times more effective than in the usual one.

The station also includes a sediment collection and recovery well 8.

Additionally, figure 1 shows a service well 9, an equipment compartment 10, a pump well for collecting and returning sludge 11, a clean water pump 12, and a ventilation system 13.

For the notification and remote control of the sewage treatment plant and for the timely warning of emergency situations, the station can be equipped with an SMS notification system and remote control of the sewage treatment plant. The system monitors the presence of external power supply, the presence of chemicals, temperature control, notifies the need for pumping sludge, protects the compartment 10 of equipment from leakage and flooding. The system provides remote control of the system power, enable / disable emergency and backup pumps, enable / disable sound / light alarms. Not shown in the figures.

The station can also be equipped with an alarm system. The specified control is carried out by means of level sensors installed in the station. The sensors are installed in the receiving chamber 2, in the bioreactor chamber 3 and in the chamber with clean water 14. When the upper threshold of the level sensors is reached, the alarm console located in the control room lights up alarm indicators for emergency excess of the liquid level in the corresponding tank and a warning signal is generated.

All structural elements and station parts in contact with waste water are made of corrosion-resistant material, which is used as polypropylene.

The loading material of the bioreactor is made of biological material, which is used as biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Biological material used as biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions includes autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.

Such a variety of microorganisms is especially important in order to improve the quality of wastewater treatment. Increasing the diversity of the types of microorganisms that feed on impurities contained in wastewater, the parameters of wastewater treatment increase.

The arrows in figure 1 indicate the direction of movement of wastewater.

According to figure 2, a bioreactor 3 with immersed loading material 4, containing the aeration element 5, is located in the upper part of the station body 1, above the aeration element 5, which in turn is located above the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment. The figure 2 shows only these elements to facilitate understanding of their relative position. Additionally indicated: - pipe of the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sludge 15, through which the deposited sludge enters the well for collecting and returning sludge 8, in which the pump 11 is located. Air bubbles are indicated as 16. The arrows in figure 2 indicate the direction of retraction of the deposited sludge.

Implementation of a utility model.

Station deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater works as follows. All elements of the station are located underground.

Domestic wastewater is supplied to the station entrance.

Suspended wastewater particles are deposited in a two-chamber primary clarifier 2, which consists of 2 separate sections with overflow. The overflow in the sump is located so that the wastewater flows at the lowest speed, due to which coarse suspended particles settle to the bottom in each chamber, the overflow is organized in the center of the chamber volume to ensure the overflow of the most purified water. Simultaneously with the flow overflow, countercurrent sediment movement was organized.

The special ovicidal preparation Alta is dosed into the first chamber of the sump strictly in accordance with the actual capacity of the station and completely destroys helminth eggs within 6 hours from the moment of the last discharge of sewage.

Next, the wastewater is treated in the bioreactor 3. After the settling tank 2, clarified wastewater flows by gravity into the bioreactor 3 and is evenly distributed over the entire area of the loading material 4. At the time of distribution, the wastewater is saturated with oxygen.

Biological filter (biofilter) - a structure in which waste water is filtered through a feed material coated with a biological film (biofilm) formed by colonies of microorganisms.

The aeration element is installed in the biofilter, designed for the forced saturation of water with oxygen from the air. The precipitating chemical (coagulant) Alta in the liquid fraction is also fed here. The coagulant significantly increases the rate of sedimentation of suspended solids from the runoff, and also, through a chemical reaction, promotes the binding of phosphorus. The coagulant is dosed into the bioreactor strictly in accordance with the actual productivity of the station.

Filtered through the load 4 of the bioreactor 3, the contaminated water leaves insoluble impurities in it that have not settled in the primary settler 2, as well as colloidal and dissolved organic substances sorbed by the biological film. The term "filtration" should not be simplified to understand only the processes of mechanical filtering through the thickness of the boot material.

Bioreactor 3 is a biological treatment plant with a fixed biomass fixed on the surface of the carrier medium (boot material 4), which carries out the processes of extraction and complex biological processing of pollution from wastewater. Microorganisms of the biofilm in the process of enzymatic reactions oxidize organic substances, while receiving nutrition and energy necessary for their life. Microorganisms use some of the organic substances as material to increase their mass. Thus, in the process of metabolic reactions, pollution is converted to simple compounds (water, mineral compounds and gases), as a result, organic pollution is removed from wastewater, denitrification processes take place and the mass of the active biological film in the body of the biofilter increases. The spent and dead film is washed off and removed from the body of the bioreactor 3 to the bottom of the chamber. Then it is removed by a hydraulic system for collecting and returning sludge to the receiving chamber of the sump 2. The oxygen necessary for the biochemical process enters the loading stratum by supplying air through the aeration element 5.

The final discharge sludge occurs in a sump equipped with lamellas; sludge in a laminar sump is up to 4 times more effective than in a conventional one.

The purified water is removed from the station using drainage pumps combined in a group. The pumps are organized in such a way as to ensure uniform pump life.

The station is programmed for a daily cycle of operation and during periods of the smallest runoff using a hydraulic system for collecting and returning sludge, it provides a stable supply of nutrients to maintain biomass activity through sludge recycling. The loading of biofilters after the development of the resource must be replaced and sent for recycling.

During the operation of the bioreactor 3, the spent and dead biofilm (excess sludge) is washed off and removed from the body of the biofilter to the bottom of the chamber, as well as deposited at the bottom of the laminar settler 6. Next, the excess sludge is removed using a hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment to the stabilization chamber of the excess sludge where the aerobic process of its stabilization and mineralization takes place. The oxygen necessary for the biochemical process enters the chamber by supplying air through an aerator 5. The stabilized sludge is returned to the receiving chamber of the treatment plant 2.

Thanks to the hydraulic system for collecting and removing sludge, the station has implemented a self-balancing mechanism for maintaining the concentration of activated sludge in the biofilter aeration tank. Sludge collection and disposal works according to a program that takes into account the daily unevenness of the flow. The collected sediment enters the aerobic stabilization chamber of the sediment, where it is finally decomposed and mineralized.

Industrial applicability.

The proposed station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater has a clear purpose, can be carried out by a specialist in practice, and when implemented, ensures the implementation of the declared purpose. The possibility of being implemented by a specialist in practice follows from the fact that for each feature included in the formula of a utility model based on the description, a material equivalent is known, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "industrial applicability" for the utility model is met.

In accordance with the proposed utility model, on behalf of the applicant Alta Group LLC, a prototype station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater was manufactured on the basis of the manufactured Alta Air Master station.

All structural elements and station parts in contact with wastewater were made of corrosion-resistant material, which was used polypropylene

The loading material of the bioreactor was made of biological material I, for which biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted to action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were used and also included autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.

Additionally, the bioreactor 3 containing the aeration element 5 was located in the upper part of the station building 1, above the aeration element 5, which in turn was located above the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment.

The pilot operation of this utility model showed:

- improving the technical characteristics of the station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater due to the fact that the shell material is made of polypropylene, namely:

- has the best thermal insulation properties;

- bends well while the material itself is not deformed;

- it is well cooked with a hairdryer or extruder;

- the ability to easily weld anything inside the partition wall, pipes, profiles, etc. is allowed.

- improving the technical characteristics of the deep biochemical treatment plant for domestic wastewater due to the variety of bioreactor loading material, which is fed by a large number of suspended particles;

- increase in general and maintaining the optimal concentration of microorganisms in the bioreactor, which is automatically maintained at a certain level. This level is 10-15 mg / l.

Thus, it is recommended to use a station for deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater to treat runoff from residential complexes, hotels, boarding houses, sanatoriums, complexes of residential buildings, cottage villages, microdistricts, settlements, etc.

Claims (3)

1. Station for the deep biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater, comprising a housing in which a two-chamber sump, a bioreactor with submerged loading, a laminar sump, a coagulation system, a sludge disinfection system, clean water pumps, a hydraulic sludge collection and return system are located, characterized in that the structural elements and parts of the station in contact with wastewater are made of a corrosion-resistant material, which is used as polypropylene, and that the loading m The bioreactor material is made of biological material, in which biocenoses of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted to action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are used. 2. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the biological material, which is used as a biocenosis of attached and freely floating microorganisms adapted for action under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, includes autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms. 3. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the bioreactor containing an air-blown bio-loading element is located in the upper part of the station body, above the aeration element, which, in turn, is located above the hydraulic system for collecting and returning sediment.

Images