RU136044U1 - DEVICE FOR GETTING SURROUND LINEN YARN - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for obtaining severe linen yarn containing all the elements of the design and dressing line of a flax spinning machine, characterized in that an ultrasonic emitter is installed in the spinning trough, operating from the corresponding ultrasonic oscillation generator, which creates fluctuations in the pressure of the liquid in the ultrasonic frequency range, acting through the liquid medium on severe linen rovings at room temperature in a spinning trough. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrations are formed in the form of bursts of pulses alternating with a low frequency.

Description

The utility model relates to the textile industry, in particular for the production of harsh linen flax yarn wet.

Linen yarn fabrics, due to their unique consumer properties, are still widely used in everyday life and many industries.

The technology for producing flax yarn involves the passage of a number of production transitions with flax fiber: flaping, scratching, forming a ribbon, forming a roving, if necessary, improving it chemically, and ultimately producing a predetermined linear density from the roving of yarn.

Initially, yarn was produced only from severe rovings (i.e., rovings not subjected to any chemical treatment), followed by bleaching of yarn or finished fabrics. At the same time, in order to ensure the spinning process, it is necessary to create conditions for maceration - softening of the joints gluing elementary linen fibers and their complexes in technical fibers. To do this, harsh rovings are moistened in high temperature water at 70-90 ° C.

Subsequently, a technology was developed to increase maceration ability and simultaneous bleaching of flax fiber due to the preliminary processing (refinement) of the roving in boilers using chemical reagents.

However, fibers using chemical reagents can be further degraded. This leads to a deterioration in the spinning ability of the fibers and the properties of the yarn.

A major problem is also created by the environmental aspects of chemical treatments due to the fact that chlorine is used as part of the chemicals used in bleaching. Many European countries have already passed laws prohibiting the use of such substances in production.

Thus, the disadvantages of this technology are: 1) The use of additional equipment for the chemical processing of flax fiber in the chain of technological transitions. 2) The need for expensive reagents. 3) The need for industrial wastewater treatment. 4) The presence of severe sanitary and hygienic working conditions for spinners. 5) Intensive exposure to chemicals causes the appearance of additional waste and partially destroys cellulose. As a result, there is a rise in price of products with a simultaneous loss of the natural properties of flax fiber.

A device for producing wet yarn from a severe roving is known as a PM-88-L8 ring spinning machine (Smelskaya I.F., Ilyin L.S., Zhukov V.I., Krotov V.N. Flax spinning: a textbook / I. F. Smelskaya, L.S. Ilyin, V.I. Zhukov, V.N. Krotov, Kostroma: Publishing House Kostroma, State Technological University, 2007.- P. 400). The principle of operation of the device is similar for all ring wet flax spinning machines. A two-tier power supply frame is mounted on the machine, on which coils with a severe roving are installed. To facilitate the passage of the roving and eliminate its stretching, the feed frame has freely rotating supports and guide rollers through which the roving is directed to a spinning trough with hot water (70-90 ° C), where it is wetted, which ensures better maceration, i.e. softening of adhesives complexes between elementary fibers of technical flax fibers.

The moistened rove falls into the exhaust device, where it is thinned to the linear density of the yarn as a result of the displacement of elementary flax fibers and their complexes. A sliver comes out of the exhaust device, which, having passed through the eye of the wire guide strip, is tucked into a runner moving along the ring, receives a given twist, forming the finished product yarn. The yarn is wound on a cartridge mounted on a rotating spindle.

The disadvantage of this device is the following: in the process of drawing, to displace elementary fibers and their complexes, it is necessary to weaken the bonds between them. When yarn is produced from severe rovings, this weakening of bonds is achieved by wetting the rovings in hot water (70-90 ° C). The consequence of this is the high energy costs of heating water, the cost of production and the worsening working conditions of workers.

Another possible method of increasing the degree of maceration of flax fiber is their additional processing at the stage preceding the preparation equipment, i.e. before the carding process.

Known devices of ultrasonic laboratory units and ultrasonic dispersant used for processing bast materials. The appearance and technical description of the devices are given in the dissertation by prof. A.N. Grebenkina “Interconnection of the structure, properties and technology of dispersion of bast-fiber raw materials in ultrasonic and hydrodynamic fields” (St. Petersburg 2003).

Tests for the dispersion of bast fibers were carried out in aqueous solutions at an industrial plant UZV-0.25; on a specially designed semi-industrial installation powered by an UZP-1/22 generator and PM1-1,6 / 22 transducer: on a laboratory ultrasonic installation powered by an UZG13-0,1 / 22 generator with continuously adjustable output power, with interchangeable piezoceramic transducers, designed to operate at frequencies of 16, 20. 21.5 kHz. with hubs on the end surface of the rod. The output power of the generator is 1000 watts. The frequency of the converter is 22 ± 1.65 Hz. Processing of the bast in the ultrasonic field of the laboratory setup was carried out in water for 20 minutes.

Flax straw is crumpled and trembled. The resulting battered bast is placed in an ultrasonic dispersant bath in an aqueous surfactant solution. Maintain in an ultrasonic field. The resulting fiber is subjected to drying, scratching and all subsequent processing.

The disadvantage of these devices is that. that their use at the preparatory stage entails the need to dry the fiber after such processing, and therefore the energy costs and installation of additional equipment. In this case, the mass of dried fiber must again be loosened and combed. Because of this, the number of fibers of the down group is growing, and dust from the remains of pectin substances reduces the quality of yarn and worsens the working conditions of workers in spinning workshops. In addition, these devices cannot be used in actual production conditions directly in the process of spinning flax.

Closest to the claimed utility model is a device for intensifying maceration of the roving in the trough of a wet spinning machine for flax spinning (SU 183646 A1 D01H 13/30. Published: 01.01.1966). The device is also described in the thesis of V.G. Goldschmidt “Investigation of the influence of the application of elastic vibrations generated in a liquid medium in the trough of a spinning machine on the quality of linen yarn and the force acting in an exhaust field” (Kostroma. 1967).

The device is made in the form of two plates parallel to the roving movement, rigidly fixed with the required interval on two corner bases, one of which is movable with a drive from the rocker mechanism. The base moves along the rollers mounted on the rack. The rocker mechanism is moved outside the spinning trough and placed on the end of the eccentric roller connected to the base by a thrust. The plates are located in the immediate vicinity of the roving and are emitters of elastic vibrations that are transmitted to the roving through a liquid medium. Oscillatory movements are transmitted to the plate through the rocker mechanism and the roller from the electric motor. To change the amplitude of the oscillations, a device is provided that provides a change in the eccentric roller with a different eccentricity.

The disadvantages of this device are: 1) The need to place oscillation emitters (plates) near each roving passing through the spinning trough of the machine, which complicates the design line of the equipment and complicates its maintenance. 2) The complex mechanical design of the drive of the oscillatory system entails its low reliability and the inability to create a high oscillation frequency.

The above device is the closest to the claimed device in technical essence and therefore is selected as a prototype.

When wet spinning, the harsh roving in front of the fume hood is wetted in a spinning trough with water. In the exhaust device, the roving is stretched and thinned. Due to the weakening of the bond between the elementary fibers during wetting, the thinning of the product is accompanied by the fragmentation of technical fibers into thinner and shorter elementary fibers and their complexes.

The ability of technical fibers of which the roving consists of crushing to a large extent depends on the amount and composition of inlaid substances. The fewer there are, the more technical fibers are crushed into finer complexes, the better the spinning ability and the higher quality of the yarn obtained. To displace elementary fibers and their complexes, it is necessary to weaken the bonds between them from pectin and other inlaid substances. When yarn is produced from severe rovings, the bonding compounds are softened - maceration is achieved by wetting the rovings in hot (70-90 ° C) water.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device for obtaining severe linen yarn, ensuring the achievement of a technical result, consisting in reducing the energy costs of heating water in the production of severe linen of high quality.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that changes have been made in the device of the spinning machine: an ultrasonic (US) emitter is additionally installed in the spinning trough. The emitter creates ultrasonic vibrations of the corresponding frequency range in the aquatic environment. Thus, the wetting of the linen rovings in the spinning trough during spinning occurs in the presence of ultrasonic vibrations in an aqueous medium at room temperature.

The specified set of essential features allows to improve the quality of the yarn produced due to the intensification of softening and destruction of bonding compounds and reduce costs per unit of production by reducing energy for heating water in a spinning trough.

In FIG. The technological scheme of the claimed device is presented.

A device for producing harsh linen yarn contains elements of a constructive dressing line of a spinning machine: a power frame on which coils with roving are installed 1. a spinning trough 2, an exhaust device 3, thread control valves 4. spindles 5 and rings with runners 6. A spinning trough 2 is installed ultrasonic emitter 7.

A device for obtaining harsh linen yarn works as follows. When wet spinning, the roving in front of the exhaust device 3 is wetted in the spinning trough with water 2. When the roving passes through the aqueous medium of the spinning trough 2, it is exposed to ultrasonic vibrations created by the ultrasonic emitter 7.

The operation of the ultrasonic emitter is based on the phenomenon of the inverse piezoelectric effect. The emitter 7 is placed in the aqueous medium of the spinning trough 2. The ultrasonic vibrations created by it are transmitted through the aqueous medium to the linen rovings. Thus, during the operation of the spinning machine, the roving passing through the spinning trough 2. is subjected to ultrasound from the ultrasonic emitter 7. The main driving force of the exposure process is cavitation - the formation of pulsating bubbles in a liquid filled with steam, gas or a mixture of them. Ultrasonic cavitation that occurs in liquids in ultrasonic fields, contributes to a better splitting of the technical flax fibers of the roving to elementary fibers and their complexes.

The use of ultrasonic effects on the roving in the production of severe linen yarn helps to reduce energy costs, since the cost of creating ultrasonic vibrations is much less than the cost of thermal energy for heating water in a spinning trough to 70-90 ° C.

The prototyping of the device for obtaining severe linen yarn. Tests of the layout confirmed the operability of the claimed device and its practical value.

Claims (2)

1. A device for obtaining severe linen yarn containing all the elements of the design and dressing line of a flax spinning machine, characterized in that an ultrasonic emitter is installed in the spinning trough, operating from the corresponding ultrasonic oscillation generator, which creates fluctuations in the pressure of the liquid in the ultrasonic frequency range, acting through the liquid medium on severe linen rovings at room temperature in a spinning trough. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrations are formed in the form of bursts of pulses alternating with a low frequency.

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