RU127291U1 - DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS FROM TEST WITH A START - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for the manufacture of products from dough with filling mounted on a supporting frame structure containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling, equipped with a mixing unit for filling, blowers of dough and fillings, a forming mechanism containing stamping drums, on the cylindrical surface of which the forming cells are placed located in a checkerboard pattern, with a forcemeat pump connected to the filling dispensing unit installed in a plane perpendicular to the closure zone as the filling supercharger test tapes on stamping drums, containing injection tubes made of elastic material, forming output channels for supplying the filling into the closure zone of the test tapes, the test supercharger, fillings and stamping drums equipped with self-contained drives connected to the device operation control system, characterized in that the test supercharger is made in the form of screws, and on the main screw there is a head for forming a test tube made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, with the possibility of changing the thickness of the test tube flanges, and its casing is connected to a cooling system containing a built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a coolant temperature controller, a knife is horizontally installed at the exit of the extrusion mechanism, dividing the test tube into two parts, each of which, through additional guide rollers, enters the test zone into the zone clamping drums. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input of the filling dispenser is directly connected to the output of the stuffing pump located on the same axis with it, and

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, and in particular to technology and equipment intended for the industrial production of dough products with filling, mainly dumplings, and can find application in large manufacturers of these food products, as well as in public catering establishments.

A device for the manufacture of ravioli is known (patent RU 2042328, publ. 08.27.95). This device contains two hoppers, one for dough, the other for filling, at the bottom of the dough hopper there are superchargers consisting of forcing screws and feed rolls; a test tube molding head into which the filling is fed from the filling supercharger and a stamping mechanism into which the test tube filled with the filling (cylindrical shell) enters, made in the form of drums mounted with the possibility of rotation towards each other with molding cells having the shape of hemispheres and with holes, in which gravitational ejectors of stamped products are mounted. A test tube with a filling enters the contact zone of the drums, the product is molded by means of molding cells, sealed (i.e., the shell is glued, namely the walls of the test tube that are in the contact zone of the surfaces of the drums surrounding the molding cells are glued together), and Further turning the drums, the finished product is cut off from the test tube. The device is mounted on a frame structure and operates as follows.

Dough and filling are loaded into the appropriate hopper. When the drives are turned on, the movement is transmitted to the rolls connected by a gear transmission to the dough and filling screw. During the rotation of the screws and rolls, the dough and the filling are fed through the pipes to the forming head, where a test cylindrical shell with the filling is formed. Next, the shell with the filling enters the contact zone of the forming drums, during rotation of which are towards each other from the common drive and is divided into finished products in their molding cells. With further rotation of the hemispherical molding cells, the process resembles the descent of the sleeve-roller chain from the sprocket. In the case of sticking dumplings, the ejectors, moving under their own weight radially to the periphery of the drum in the holes, push the finished product out of the cells.

The main disadvantage of this device is that at the places of bonding, on the inner surface of the test tube, there are traces of the stuffing displaced during the stamping process (since the stuffing fills the test tube completely, without dividing the mass inside the test tube in relation to a specific product), which leads to insufficient adhesion between the bonded parts of the product shell, and as a result, to deterioration of the quality of the finished product. The design of the molding head does not allow changing the thickness of the test shell, and the absence of a filling dispenser controls the ratio of dough to filling.

A device for the manufacture of ravioli according to the patent US 4996914, which contains a shaper (stamping means), including two rotating towards each other parallel mounted drum, one of which is made with many forming cells placed on the cylindrical surface of the drum evenly and ordering with the formation of rows according to forming cylinder. The second drum is made with a continuous surface. A dispenser is placed above the drum with cells, which converts the mass of filler into portions of fillings. The output of the dispenser is a nozzle arranged in two rows, with the number of nozzles in one row equal to the number of cells in one row on the drum surface, the location of the nozzles corresponds to the location of the cells, and the distance between the rows of nozzles is proportional to the distance between the rows of cells. The feed mechanism of pre-rolled test tapes is two conveyors, one of which feeds the test tape to the drum with cells on the segment of the cylindrical surface on its rise in front of the dispenser nozzles, and the other on the same drum on the descent segment after passing the cylindrical surface of the zone nozzles.

The main disadvantage of the technical solution according to US Pat. No. 4,996,914 is the complexity of the metering device and the fact that particles of the filling cannot be excluded from the parts of the test tape to be glued. The filling particles get into the gluing places because the depressions formed in the test tape, after filling them with portions and covering another test tape, move to the sealing zone without fastening the test tapes to each other, i.e. when turning the drum, some shift in the filling mass is possible. This is especially true for dumplings, for which minced meat contains meat juice, i.e. very mobile liquid fraction. However, with an increase in the frequency of rotation of the drums, i.e. with an increase in centrifugal forces acting on everything that can be on their surface, and therefore in the recesses on the surface of the drums, the probability of particles of filling in the gluing sites increases significantly. This is a significant factor in deterring the performance of such equipment.

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is an automatic machine for the production of ravioli, protected by RF patent No. 2379894, publ. 01/27/2010 An automatic machine for the production of ravioli, contains a dough feeder, including a hopper with a dough mixing mechanism consisting of mixing and sealing rollers connected by gears. On the mixing rollers there are vanes for mixing the dough. A funnel of rectangular cross-section is made at the bottom of the hopper. The hopper is mounted above the rollers for rolling out the test tapes and feeding them to the stamping drums. The drums have forming cells on cylindrical surfaces, the rows of which are staggered. In a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drum, the cells of adjacent rows are located with an angular shift of 18 ° for a drum having 10 cells in one row. The filling supercharger, also known as a stuffing pump, has discharge tubes made of elastic material (for example, polyethylene) that are equipped with breakers at the outlet. The number of tubes is equal to the number of rows of cells on the reels. The circuit breakers comprise a base on which a shaft connected to the drive is rotatably mounted. The shaft has annular grooves "b". At the base, grooves “c” are made. The grooves “b” form, along with the grooves “c”, channels for injection tubes. Inside the grooves “b”, pinch rollers are fixed, with relative angular shift. Depending on the degree of pressure of the tube (partial or complete overlap), the rollers can be located inside the grooves "b" or protrude from them. The degree of clamping of the tube depends on the formulation of the filling used (thick or liquid). Thus, the filling unit for filling the test tapes in the closing zone is made in the form of injection elastic tubes connected to the outlet of the filling supercharger equipped with breakers and passed through the openings of the common base and secured in the distribution unit located above the mating plane of the test tapes on the stamping drums, forming output channels for filling. The machine is equipped with a conveyor and conveyor for transporting finished dumplings and an automation system that synchronizes the operation of the machine. The main components of the machine are placed on a frame structure, inside of which drives of stamping drums or other elements of the device can be placed.

Machine for the production of dumplings work as follows. Pre-kneaded dough is laid in the required quantity in the feeder and the drive of the rollers is turned on. The dough, sliding into the hopper, falls between the rollers, which mix it with the scapulae to the required condition. The rollers, compacting the mixed dough, direct it into the funnel, from where it comes out in the form of a continuous plate of rectangular cross section. The dough arrives at the rollers, which roll it in the form of ribbons. The ends of the tapes are tucked between the stamping drums. Having ensured the capture of test tapes include a drum drive. At the same time, they include a stuffing pump and a chopper, the rotation of which is synchronized with the rotation of the drums. Rotating, the drums bring the tapes together on the interface line. When a pair of forming cells of the first row begins pairing, the first breaker roller is rolled along the first injection tube, pressing it to the set depth. At the same time, an overpressure pulse is created in the tube, which at a high speed throws a portion of the stuffing between the mating tapes. Stuffing, the volume of which is determined by the diameter of the roller, presses the tape into the cells, forming a dumpling shell and filling it due to the uniformity of hydraulic pressure. The shaft rotation frequency is designed so that at the moment of closing the cells, the roller moves away from the tube, which, due to its elasticity and pressure of the stuffing pump, restores its shape. The pressure at the outlet of the first tube drops sharply and the stuffing ceases to flow. At this point, the cells form a dumpling, dazzling the edges of the dough shells. With further rotation of the drum, a pair of cells of the second row, located with an angular shift relative to the pair of the first row, begins to approach. At this moment, the second roller rolls along the second injection tube, the end of which is located along the interface line in the plane of the second row of cells. Under the influence of an overpressure pulse, the second tube throws a portion of the stuffing between the sections of tapes in the plane of the second row of cells, filling the shells of the second dumpling. Subsequently, the cycle is repeated with subsequent rows of cells of the forming drums.

Subsequently, some components of this machine were improved, in particular, a dough and forcemeat blower, in which gear pumps were introduced into each force feed channel into the forcemeat flow chopper (RF patent No. 104425, published on 05/20/2011), to ensure a more uniform filing filling. However, this does not completely eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the machine for the production of ravioli, and some additional effect is achieved due to the complexity of the design ..

The machine has the following main disadvantages: design complexity and insufficient reliability. The filling is supplied by a gear pump, which is driven by creating pressure inside the system by the first pump, which does not provide an optimally uniform supply of the filling, which is delivered to the cells of the forging drums through elastic tubes of at least a meter in length, due to the remoteness of the minced meat supercharger from the dosing unit, therefore danger is not excluded occurrence of dead zones in them, where fat accumulates, which clogs the channels, so this constructive solution does not allow the use of greasy fillings with inclusions, increases the complexity of operation due to the need to wash elastic tubes. The design of the filling feed chopper assembly complicates the device and requires accurate synchronization of all device nodes, which complicates the operation of the machine. In addition, rolling the dough into two test tapes and additional winding rollers with separate drives also complicates the design, and it should be noted that the number of channels is four. In the production of ravioli or other products with filling, from two test strips it increases waste, therefore, a separate container is required to collect them.

The technical task of the utility model is to create high-performance equipment that eliminates the disadvantages of the prototype by changing the design of the device, increasing its reliability and reducing labor costs during its operation, but without reducing the quality of finished products

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known device for the manufacture of dough products with filling, including a supporting frame structure containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling, equipped with a mixing unit for filling, blowers of dough and fillings, a forming mechanism containing stamping drums on the cylindrical surface of which are placed forming cells arranged in a checkerboard pattern, moreover, a stuffing pump is used as the filling supercharger connected to the filling distribution unit, oval in the plane of the perpendicular interface line of the test tapes on stamping drums, containing injection tubes of elastic material, forming output channels for filling the filling into the clamping zone of the test tapes, and the test supercharger, fillings and stamping drums are equipped with self-contained drives connected to the device operation control system design changes, namely:

- the test blower is made in the form of screws, and on the main screw there is a head for forming a test tube made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, with the possibility of changing the thickness of the test tube;

- the casing of the extrusion mechanism is connected to the cooling system, comprising a built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a coolant temperature controller;

- at the exit of the extrusion mechanism, a knife is horizontally mounted dividing the test tube into two parts;

- each of the parts of the test tube through the additional guide rollers enters in the form of test tapes in the area of the line of closure of the cylindrical surfaces of the forming drums.

Besides,

- the input of the filling dispensing unit is directly connected to the output of the stuffing pump placed on the same axis with it, and the number of outputs is equal to the number of rows of forming cells on the cylindrical surface of the forming drums, the elastic tubes attached to the outputs of the distribution unit are equipped with nozzles;

- the device is additionally equipped with a node for cleaning the cylindrical surface of each stamping drum from hanging products on them to dump them onto the conveyor;

- stamping drums are configured to quickly replace them with others that differ in the geometry of the forming cells;

- any type of stuffing pump can be used as a filling supercharger: but, preferably, a gear pump, as it allows you to work with minced meat from 2 to 10 mm and any condition of it.

The modified design of the dough feed allows you to use a softer and wetter dough, which improves the taste of the product, and also provides a more uniform flow of dough regardless of the shape and size of the pieces.

The extrusion mechanism of the formation of the test tube, made with the possibility of changing the thickness of the test tube allows you to change the ratio of dough and filling over a wide range.

The built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a temperature control thermostat allows to stabilize the molding process of the test tube, while preventing drying of the dough during molding, and also improves its taste.

Using a knife for cutting the formed test tube and guide rollers allows you to convert each part of it into test tapes and make dumplings according to the traditional scheme.

The design of the filling distribution unit allows it to be brought closer to the forcemeat pump as much as possible, greatly simplifying the design by eliminating the interruption unit with an autonomous drive, reducing the likelihood of device failure, and also providing a continuous supply of filling to the pumping elastic tubes, and significantly reducing their length (up to 20-30 cm).

The manufacture of a stainless steel filling filling distribution unit and reducing the length of the elastic pipes reduces the labor required for washing and cleaning them.

The introduction of an additional unit for cleaning the cylindrical surfaces of stamping drums allows to reduce the number of defective dumplings and increase the reliability of the forming mechanism.

The execution of the cylindrical surfaces of the stamping drums is removable (replacement takes 2-3 minutes), expands the range of finished products and helps to increase productivity, because their cleaning and washing is carried out in parallel and does not affect the manufacture of products.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the following figures. Figure 1 shows a General view of the device; figure 2 shows the design of the node distribution of the filling; figure 3 shows the location of the knife at the exit of the extrusion mechanism; figure 4 explains the operation of the main components of the machine in the manufacturing process of dumplings.

Figure 1 shows: base 1 (it represents a frame structure covered by panels 15), filling hopper 2, mixing device 3, test bin 4, extrusion head 5, filling compressor 6, guide rollers 7 for feeding test tapes, stamping mechanism 8, including two drums with cells, a filling distribution unit 9, a cleaning unit 10 for stamping drums, a finished product conveyor 11, a dough screw pump 12, a cabinet 13 in which the device operation control system is located, a control system panel 13, wheels 16 for moving Installation Ia. Not shown in Figure 1: a cooling system, including a compressor with a drive and a tank for cooling water, with a temperature regulator (TD), which are located at the bottom of the frame base and are covered by panels 15. There are also autonomous drives with gearboxes for driving individual units devices: gear pump, punching mechanism drums; mixing unit of the filling, dough blower screws, etc. Almost the specific location of these nodes depends on the specific design at the request of the dumpling manufacturer.

Figure 2 shows the design of the distribution unit, including a metal pipe 9, mounted in the outlet pipe 17, injection tubes 18 of elastic material, the fastening of 19 elastic tubes at the outputs of the base 20.

Figure 3 shows: the terminal adjusting sleeve 21, the extrusion head 5 and the fastening in it of a knife 22 for cutting the test tube.

Figure 4 shows: guiding rollers 7 for test tapes, with a lever 23, a filling distributing unit 9, stamping drums 8 with cells 24, adjusting sleeves 21 of the extrusion head 5 and a pipe 25 for discharging coolant from the casing of the extrusion head.

The device operates as follows. The operator, depending on the type of the manufactured product and the quality of the pre-prepared dough and the filling, manually loads into the corresponding hoppers 2.4 and sets the operation mode of the drives of individual units using the remote control 14: a screw blower of the test 12, a mixing unit of the filling 3, equipped with mixing blades, the drive punching drum, compressor, etc. .. Stuffing of the filling is carried out to bring its quality to a certain condition. The drives of the screw blower 7 for feeding the dough, gear pump and drums of the stamping mechanism are equipped with gearboxes and frequency controllers. The auxiliary screw compacts the dough and directs it towards the main screw on which the extrusion head is mounted. The dough is pushed through the annular gap of the extrusion mechanism 5, forming a test shell in the form of a pipe. At the same time, the dough is heated, therefore, in order to maintain its quality, coolant is supplied from the cooler equipped with a compressor with a drive through the inlet nipple through a hose 25 (Fig. .1 not shown). After use, the coolant enters the tank for reuse. The temperature of the cooling water is maintained by a temperature controller (DT). At the end of the extrusion mechanism, adjusting threaded sleeves 21 are installed, by means of which the thickness of the test tube changes due to a change in the ratio of dough to filling. The filling loaded into the hopper 2 is mixed and compacted using a mixing unit 3, representing a screw with blades. Its rotation is carried out by a reversible motor, and the inclination of the blades is selected depending on the properties of the filling. Next, the filling is transported to the filling supercharger (gear pump 6). At the output of the gear pump there is a pipe 17 in which the filling distribution unit 9 is mounted, installed in the plane perpendicular to the line of closure of the forming drums, which contains a metal pipe with holes coaxial with the output channels of the base 20, on which the transfer pipe lies. At the exits of the channels of the base 20, injection tubes 18 of elastic material are worn, which are fastened with brackets 19. On the other hand, metal elements 26 are inserted into the elastic tubes, the ends of which are made in the form of nozzles. All elements of the distribution unit are filled with filling in a given mode and are made of stainless steel ..

At the exit of the extrusion mechanism 5 with a knife 20, the test tube is cut into two parts - the lower part is directed to the right punching drum 8 through the first roller 7, and the upper one through the lever 23 and the second roller 7 to the left punching drum 8. Both drums rotate towards each other and on the cylindrical surface of each of them identical forming cells are made, arranged in four rows in a checkerboard pattern. The geometry of the forming cell can be round or spherical, depending on the selected shape of the finished product. During the operation of the device, the cylindrical surfaces of the stamping drums can be changed, because they are made easily removable.

In the lower part, the cylindrical surfaces of the stamping drums are in contact with the cleaning unit, which is made in the form of brushes made of elastic material. As a result, if dumplings are stuck, for some reason they are dumped onto the conveyor conveyor. All metal elements of the device are made of stainless steel.

The control system of the operation of the device synchronizes the operation of the drives of the main components of the device so that the test tapes and minced stuffing from the dispensing unit arrive at the interface line of the test tapes on the stamping drums simultaneously. The formation of dumplings is carried out similarly to that described in the prototype, sequentially row after row.

The advantages of the proposed device, in comparison with the known ones, is to increase the productivity of the device, increase the reliability of its operation and reduce labor costs for operation and good quality dumplings regardless of the recipe and condition of the test. All units of the device have passed pilot-industrial tests and preparations are underway for mass production.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the manufacture of products from dough with filling mounted on a supporting frame structure containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling, equipped with a mixing unit for filling, blowers of dough and fillings, a forming mechanism containing stamping drums, on the cylindrical surface of which the forming cells are placed located in a checkerboard pattern, with a forcemeat pump connected to the filling dispensing unit installed in a plane perpendicular to the closure zone as the filling supercharger test tapes on stamping drums, containing injection tubes made of elastic material, forming output channels for supplying the filling into the closure zone of the test tapes, the test supercharger, fillings and stamping drums equipped with self-contained drives connected to the device operation control system, characterized in that the test supercharger is made in the form of screws, and on the main screw there is a head for forming a test tube made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, with the possibility of changing the thickness of the test tube flanges, and its casing is connected to a cooling system containing a built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a coolant temperature controller, a knife is horizontally installed at the exit of the extrusion mechanism, dividing the test tube into two parts, each of which enters into the zone in the form of a test tape closing punching drums. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input of the filling dispensing unit is directly connected to the output of the stuffing pump located on the same axis with it, and the number of outputs is equal to the number of rows of forming cells on the cylindrical surface of the forming drums, and the discharge tubes are fixed at the outputs of the distribution unit, equipped with nozzles. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a node for cleaning the cylindrical surface of each stamping drum from products hanging on them for dumping them onto the conveyor. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the cylindrical surfaces of the stamping drums is made with the possibility of quick replacement by others, differing in the geometry of the forming cells. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that any type of pump, but preferably a gear pump, can be used as a stuffing pump, which allows working with particle sizes of minced meat of 2-10 mm, regardless of its condition.

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