RU111026U1 - REACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A reactor comprising a cylindrical body with a heat-exchange coil jacket, an upper and lower bottom, a mixing device mounted on a cantilever shaft, a fitting for the input of the main component and the output of the finished product and a static mixing device, characterized in that the static mixing device is a steel knife, each of which is fixed with a helical spring on a vertical bar rigidly attached to the wall of the housing, and the knives are installed at an angle to the horizontal plane along the flow of the reaction mixture, and the mixing device consists of paddle mixers, the blades of which are fixed on the consul shaft at the same angle to the horizontal plane, while the reactor is divided by height by static mixing devices into 7 tiers, paddle mixers are fixed in the first three upper tiers with 8 blades, in the next three with 4 blades, and in the lower - an anchor mixer. ! 2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the outlet of the finished product on the consul shaft, a screw batcher is fixed.

Description

The technical solution relates to chemical engineering, in particular, to vertical reactors designed for the synthesis of chemicals in multiphase media with additional heating of the reaction mass.

Known designs of apparatuses with agitators, which are used as hydrolysers, including a cylindrical body, a shaft with an agitator and a drive, a shirt on the wall or a coil installed respectively outside or inside the apparatus, for supplying or removing heat from the reaction mass of hydrolysis. [Vasiltsov E.A. and other devices for mixing liquid media. - L .: Engineering, 1979, p. 24, Strike F. Stirring and apparatus with stirrers. - M .: Chemistry, 1976. - S. 70-74].

Known apparatuses are all-welded with an elliptical bottom and a lid with a shirt made of half tubes, inside of which is mounted on a shaft with a stirrer drive, which are designed for various chemical processes, including for the hydrolysis process [Copyright certificate SU 1542610, cl. A1 B01J 19/18, publ. 02/15/1990; Russian patent RU 2132726, B01J 8/10, publ. 07/10/1999; Russian patent RU 2136359, B01J 8/04, publ. 09/10/1999; US Application 2005118088, B01J 8/00, publ. 06/02/2006, Russian patent RU 2283174, B01 08.02, publ. 09/10/2006].

In the known designs of reactors for this purpose, there are a number of the following disadvantages:

- instability of the process;

- insufficient rate of formation of the final product due to large losses of reagents;

- insufficient mixing of the reagents, the formation of stagnant zones in which unreacted reagents accumulate;

- poor dispersion of the liquid in the reaction mass;

- insufficient heat removal of the exothermic reaction.

The closest is a reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments. The reactor vessel consists of a cylindrical shell, upper and lower bottoms and is fixed in an annular support. A throat, a gas separator connected by a nozzle to the neck, a sampler and a catalyst inlet tube are installed on the upper bottom, and the outer surface of the neck is connected by stiffeners with an annular support. The serpentine shirt is fixed below the ring support on the outer surface of the shell; a sprinkler, an antifoam and a cage mixer are fixed on the cantilever shaft. Six reflective partitions are installed around the perimeter of the cylindrical shell inside the housing, on which the upper and lower coil heat exchangers are mounted, located respectively below and above the static mixing device mounted on the inner surface of the shell (Russian patent RU No. 2330715, В01J 8/10, В01J 19/18 published on 08/10/2008)

This reactor is adopted as a prototype utility model.

The disadvantages of the prototype from the position of failure to achieve a technical result are:

- unstable flow of the process of mixing a heterogeneous mixture;

- insufficient mixing of the reagents, which leads to the formation of stagnant zones;

- the lower elliptical bottom does not provide unloading of the finished product in full.

The technical result is to increase the degree of conversion due to uniform grinding and mixing of the reaction mass in water, in the entire volume of the reactor.

The technical result is achieved in that the reactor containing a cylindrical body with a heat-exchange coil jacket, an upper and lower bottom, a mixing device mounted on a cantilever shaft, a fitting for the input of the main component and the output of the finished product, and a static mixing device, characterized in that the static mixing device represents steel knives, each of which is fixed with a helical spring on a vertical bar rigidly attached to the wall of the body, and the knives are mounted at an angle to the horizontal plane along the flow of the reaction mixture, and the mixing device is a paddle mixer, the blades of which are mounted on the consul shaft at the same angle to the horizontal plane, while the reactor is divided by 7 static tiers in height, in the first in the upper three tiers, paddle mixers with 8 blades are fixed, in the next three with 4 blades, and in the lower one there is an anchor mixer, in the outlet of the finished product, a screw screw is fixed on the consul shaft ozator.

The installation of knives of a static mixing device at an angle to the horizontal plane along the finished reaction mass and fixing each knife with a helical spring on a vertical bar rigidly attached to the wall of the casing makes it possible to intensify the grinding process of moistened raw materials and prevents them from clumping during mixing under gravity top down.

Separation of the reactor in height by a static mixing device into 7 tiers with the installation of paddle mixers with 8 blades in the first three upper tiers, where the most frequent interaction of the mixer blades with the stirred reaction mass is necessary to increase the degree of conversion due to uniform mixing of the reaction mass in water.

Installing in the middle of the reactor on the next three tiers of 4-blade mixers stabilizes the size of the mixed wet mass, preventing it from crushing or increasing in size when clumping.

Installation in the last tier of the anchor mixer allows you to move the reaction mass processed above to the conical bottom and feed it to the outlet fitting.

The installation of a screw batcher in the outlet fitting allows precise metering of the yield of reaction products and stabilizes the residence time of the reaction mass in the reactor.

The figure shows a General view of the proposed reactor design for the hydrolysis of glycosinolates in mustard seed products. It consists of a cylindrical body 1, a conical bottom 2 with a fitting for the outlet of the finished product 3, an upper bottom 4 with a fitting 5 for the inlet of the main component and a fitting 6 for water. On the upper bottom 4, a fitting 7 is also installed for venting. Axial-symmetric with the housing on the consular shaft 8, paddle mixers 9 are installed. The cantilever shaft 8 is connected to the rotation drive (not shown in the figure). Along the wall of the housing 1, vertical strips 10 are mounted uniformly around the circumference, on which steel knives 12, which are static mixing devices, are fixed at helical springs 11 at an angle to the horizontal plane.

On the cantilever shaft 8, under each steel knife 12 of the static mixing device, at the same angle to the horizontal plane, blades of paddle mixers 9 are installed, dividing the casing 1 in height by 7 tiers, while paddle mixers 9 with 8 blades are installed in the first three upper tiers , in the next three tiers, paddle mixers 9 with 4 blades are installed; in the lower seventh tier, an anchor mixer 13 is fixed on the cantilever shaft 13. In the nozzle 3 of the outlet of the finished product, a screw batcher 14 is installed. For heating the reaction mixture Erez wall of the apparatus, a reactor provided with a heat exchange coil jacket 15.

The reactor works as follows

Products of processing mustard seeds (mustard cake, substandard mustard powder and sowing) are crushed into the nozzle 5 of the reactor with a stirrer 9. The largest particle size of products of processing mustard seeds does not exceed 10 mm.

In the reactor, the process of mixing the products of processing mustard seeds with condensate coming from the condenser (not shown in Fig. Not shown) through the nozzle 7 passes. Since the process is discrete, the products of processing mustard seeds are heated to a temperature of not more than 70 ° C by heating the reactor through the wall of the apparatus and partially moisturized.

In the reactor, the products of the processing of mustard seeds are uniformly moistened with water and condensate. The set humidity is provided by the regulated ratio of feeds of mustard seeds and water.

Humidification of mustard seed products is brought to 25-30% with water through nozzle 6 and condensate through nozzle 7 ..

Moisturizing and heating is a necessary and sufficient condition for hydrolysis of sinigrin contained in mustard seed products.

The working environment in the reactor is chemically aggressive. The reaction mass contains: mustard seed products, water vapor condensate, and mustard oil.

Vapors of essential mustard oil have an extremely pungent odor that irritates the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and causes lacrimation. In this regard, the reactor must be made of stainless steel with a tight seal of the cantilever shaft 8 and flange joints. The pressure in the reactor is atmospheric, the temperature is not more than 70 ° C. Overpressure in the reactor is not allowed, for which the gas space of the reactor is connected by a pipeline to a condenser (not shown in FIG.) Operating under atmospheric pressure.

Essential mustard oil is characterized by high volatility (0.0012 mg / l at 20 ° C), its vapors are partially separated from the by-products of mustard and oil production and through the nozzle 7, they pass through a pipeline to a condenser (not shown in FIG.), Where it condenses.

The condensate from the condenser is gravity drained into the nozzle 7 of the reactor to moisten the products of the processing of mustard seeds.

The multi-tier mixer is driven by an electric motor, n = 45 rpm.

Intensive mixing to average the moisture content of the mixture for several minutes is provided in the first three upper tiers. To destroy the wet clumps of mustard seed products, in the tier space there are knives 12 located at an angle to the horizontal plane, each of which is fixed to the housing wall using a helical spring 11, and on the cantilever shaft 8 under each statistical mixing device at the same angle to the horizontal plane of the blade vanes 9.

The process of hydrolysis of sinigrin in wet mustard seed products for 15 minutes at a temperature of 50-55 ° C is maintained by limiting the residence time of the reaction mass in the reactor, which is achieved by choosing the ratio of the volume of the apparatus and the discharged reaction mass. Heating products of mustard seed processing is carried out by mixing them with water entering the reactor with a temperature of 70-75 ° C. Outside, the reactor is equipped with a heat-exchange coil jacket 15. Thermostating of the process is carried out automatically by supplying hot water to the heat-exchange coil jacket 15.

In the outlet of the finished product 3 on the cantilever shaft 8, a screw batcher 14 is fixed.

The bulk reaction mass (hydrolyzate) is unloaded from the reactor cone by a screw batcher 14 at a predetermined speed continuously.

After the hydrolysis of synigrin is completed, the reaction mass (hydrolyzate) containing essential mustard oil is transported from the conical bottom 2 of the reactor by a screw metering unit 14 to the stage of steaming the essential oil (not shown in Fig.).

Maintaining the parameters of the process of hydrolysis of sinigrin inside the apparatus provides the proposed reactor design: a vertical cylindrical apparatus with a conical bottom 2, equipped in the cylindrical part with a static mixing device 12 and a multi-level paddle mixer 9.

Due to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the utility model, an increase in the degree of conversion is achieved due to the uniform grinding and mixing of the reaction mass in water throughout the reactor volume.

Claims (2)

1. A reactor comprising a cylindrical body with a heat-exchange coil jacket, an upper and lower bottom, a mixing device mounted on a cantilever shaft, a fitting for the input of the main component and the output of the finished product and a static mixing device, characterized in that the static mixing device is a steel knife, each of which is fixed with a helical spring on a vertical bar rigidly attached to the wall of the housing, with the knives mounted at an angle to the horizontal plane along the flow of the reaction mixture, and the mixing device consists of paddle mixers, the blades of which are fixed on the consul shaft at the same angle to the horizontal plane, while the reactor is divided by height by static mixing devices into 7 tiers, paddle mixers are fixed in the first three upper tiers with 8 blades, in the next three with 4 blades, and in the lower - an anchor mixer. 2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the outlet of the finished product on the consul shaft, a screw batcher is fixed.