RU104816U1 - EQUIPMENT FOR PROCESSING FLAX - Google Patents

Abstract

 Flaxseed processing equipment, including transporting working bodies sequentially installed during the technological process and interconnected by productivity, a device for destroying seed bolls, a separator and a pneumatic sieve device, characterized in that a planetary roller threshing device is used as a device for destroying seed bolls, made in the form of a drum covered with elastic tape below with freely rotating rollers, the separator contains it consists of two parallel screws, the turns of which are installed in antiphase, and a trellis deck, which covers both screws from the bottom, and the pneumatic sieve device is made in the form of an inclined cylindrical rotor with curved blades fixed to its inner surface, a cylindrical sieve at the outlet of the rotor and a fan installed on the side elevated end of the rotor.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used in technical means for processing heap of long flax.

The purpose of the utility model is to reduce losses of flax seeds and their injuries, simplifying the design and reducing the metal consumption of technical means for processing dried flaxseed.

Known flax tiller TLK-0.8 (Bushuev N.M. Mechanization of flax growing / N.M. Bushuev, M.S. Latyshev, P.K. Kondrashuk. - M .: Selkhozgiz. - 1952. - P.145), consisting from a frame, a roar and a grater apparatus. The screen is made of a sieve, mounted on a frame of boards, and the grater is a drum with scourges, covered by a mesh with ethereal surface.

The technological process of this device is that the heap is fed to a screen, where, under the influence of an oscillating sieve, it is divided into large impurities coming together, and into waking up seed boxes, which by means of a sloping board fall into a grater apparatus, where they are rubbed under the influence of a drum with scourges, isolating seeds. The ground mass is ejected, falling under the car.

The disadvantage of flax clover TLK-0.8 is the increased crushing of seeds and insufficient completeness of grinding of the bolls.

Known heap-breaking machine BP-1,2 (Kondrashuk P.K. Recommendations for combine harvesting of flax, drying and processing of heaps / P.K. Kondrashuk. - M .: Kolos. - 1969. - P.35), including feeder for feeding a heap, a receiving beater, a scouring heap, a screen for separating the tangle from the rubbed mass, noriya, a wind-mill winder, a return grater and an exhauster for removing light impurities.

During the operation of the known machine, the dried heap is fed by a feeder and a receiving beater to the drum, which, when rotated, grinds it, destroying the seed bolls and isolating the seeds. The ground mass is sent to the screen, where various large impurities in the form of mud and stems of weeds stand out from it. The fine fraction passing through the holes of the screening sieve is sent by noriya to the sieve mill, where the seeds are cleaned of impurities and weeds. Light impurities with the help of an exhauster are carried outside the machine, and the peeled seeds are packed in bags.

The disadvantage of the VR-1,2 heap separation machine is the low degree of destruction of the seed bolls and the significant crushing of free flax seeds in excess of more than 1%. A large crushing of seeds is due to the impact of the pests of the drum on free seeds. The low completeness of destruction of the bolls is explained by the fact that the beat drum along with the return grater are not effective enough and leave part of the seed bolls intact.

Known threshing grater M-2.5A (Solovyov A.Ya. The educational book of the flax farmer / A.Ya. Soloviev, L.M. Klyatis. - M .: Kolos. - 1975. - S.11-12, prototype), consisting of a receiving chamber with a feeding conveyor, a receiving beater, a threshing machine made in the form of a drum with a sieve deck, a windrow-cleaning keyboard straw walker, a fan and a roller grater return.

The technological process of the threshing grater M-2.5A is as follows. Heap is fed into the feed conveyor, from where it enters the receiving bit and then to the threshing machine. The threshed heap partially wakes up through the concave on the shaking board of the screen, and the rest falls on the keyboard straw walker. Separation of confusion takes place on the straw walker, which is thrown out by the pneumatic conveyor outside the room, and the small fraction passes through the blinds of the keys and falls on the screen sieve located above the sieve mill. At the wind mill, the final separation of the heap occurs. Seeds pass through the cleaning sieve, freeing themselves of impurities and sex. Whole and partially destroyed boxes by auger and elevator are returned to re-threshing in a roller grater, where they are ground and returned to the sieve mill.

The disadvantages inherent in this threshing grinder are the high damage to flax seeds, due to the use of a beater drum, which crushes flax seeds to 3-5%, as well as its excessively metal consumption, which is about 3 tons, large dimensions and complexity of the design of the keyboard straw walker.

The problem solved by the proposed utility model is to reduce damage to flax seeds, increase the efficiency of separation of flax seeds from grated heap and simplify the design of technical means.

The problem is solved by developing block-modular equipment for the processing of flaxseed, consisting of transporting working bodies, a planetary roller threshing device, a sieve-screw separator and a rotary pneumatic sieve aspiration device.

The claimed utility model is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. equipment for flax processing is shown, general view, axonometry.

Equipment for processing flax heap includes a conveyor belt 1, a hopper for receiving a heap 2, a planetary roller threshing device, made in the form of a drum 3 with freely rotating rollers, covered from below by an elastic tape of a supporting belt conveyor 4, a sieve-screw separator, including two parallel auger 5 , the turns of which are installed in antiphase, and the sieve deck 6, covering the screws 5 from the bottom, the conveyor belt 7, the screw 8, rotary pneumatic sieve aspiration device, consisting from an inclined cylindrical rotor 9 with curved blades 10 fixed on its inner surface, supported on rollers 11 and covered by a V-belt of the drive 12, a cylindrical sieve 13, which is attached to the end of the rotor 9, trays 14 and 15 for receiving fractions mounted under the sieve 13, and located on the raised end of the rotor 9 of the fan 16.

Equipment for processing flaxseed works as follows.

The dried flax heap is loaded onto the conveyor belt 1 and fed to the hopper 2. Once on the endless belt of the supporting conveyor belt 4, the heap moves with it under the rollers of the rotating drum 3. The rollers freely rotate on the axles of the drum 3, rolled along the layer of the heap located on the conveyor belt 4 , while the seed boxes are destroyed, releasing seeds. The frayed heap is discharged by the conveyor belt 4 into the area of the screws 5 rotating towards each other, falling on the cylindrical surfaces of the sieve deck 6. The rotating screws 5, the turns of which are installed in antiphase, periodically transfer the heap from one side to the other, shifting it axially direction along the surface of the sieve deck 6. Small particles of the rubbed heap wake up through the holes of the sieve deck 6 and fall on the conveyor belt 7, and large impurities (confusion, weed stems, etc.) are thrown out ekami 5 outwards. The fine fraction, waking up through the sieve deck 6, is fed with an endless conveyor belt 7 to the inclined screw 8, which directs it to the rotary pneumatic sieve aspiration device, where, falling on the blades 10 of the rotating rotor 9, it is scattered many times over the entire volume inside the rotor 9, purging with air flow fan 16. In this case, light impurities are carried away by the air stream, and the heavy fraction is displaced in the axial direction and enters the cylindrical sieve 13, where flax seeds wake up through the holes and are packed into capacity through the tray 15, large impurities immediately go to the tray 14.

The high efficiency of the technological process with the proposed equipment for processing flaxseed is achieved, firstly, through the use of a planetary roller threshing device, grinding the linenheaf with freely rotating drum rollers 3, which do not injure the seeds of flax transported by a tape with an elastic surface of the conveyor 4, and secondly, due to the use of a sieve-screw separator, consisting of two parallel screws 5, the turns of which are installed in antiphase, and Deck 6, covering the screws 5 from the bottom, providing high throughput while reducing loss of seeds, leaving together with large straw impurities. At the same time, the design is greatly simplified and metal consumption is reduced in comparison with the keyboard straw walker, which is currently used for this technological process in existing machines.

In the final operation of the technological process of separating seeds from grated small heap and their preliminary cleaning, the use of a rotary pneumatic sieve aspiration device, including an inclined cylindrical rotor 9 with curved blades 10 fixed on its inner surface, a cylindrical sieve 13 installed in the end face of the rotor 9, and a fan supplied from the raised end of rotor 9, it provides a higher quality of seed isolation and purification in comparison with existing wind turbines tnym devices. Improving the quality of work is achieved due to the multiple lifting and scattering of the heap by the blades 10 of the rotor 9 while blowing it with the air stream of the fan 16.

The rotary pneumatic sieve device can be individually used, if necessary, with additional seed cleaning and bringing them to high sowing conditions.

Thus, the problem is solved by the proposed utility model as a result of the integrated use in a single production line of new, more efficient technical means: a planetary roller threshing device, a sieve-screw separator, and a rotary pneumatic sieve aspiration device.

The claimed equipment for processing flaxseed is manufactured and tested for operability and efficiency of the process.

Equipment for processing flaxseed showed high reliability and quality of work.

Claims (1)

Flaxseed processing equipment, including transporting working bodies sequentially installed during the technological process and interconnected by productivity, a device for destroying seed bolls, a separator and a pneumatic sieve device, characterized in that a planetary roller threshing device is used as a device for destroying seed bolls, made in the form of a drum covered with elastic tape below with freely rotating rollers, the separator contains it consists of two parallel screws, the turns of which are installed in antiphase, and a trellis deck, which covers both screws from the bottom, and the pneumatic sieve device is made in the form of an inclined cylindrical rotor with curved blades fixed to its inner surface, a cylindrical sieve at the outlet of the rotor and a fan installed on the side elevated end of the rotor.