RS54697B1

RS54697B1 - ECO GENERATOR

Info

Publication number: RS54697B1
Application number: RS20120178A
Authority: RS
Inventors: Staniša KRSMANOVIĆ
Original assignee: Staniša KRSMANOVIĆ
Priority date: 2012-04-26
Filing date: 2012-04-26
Publication date: 2016-08-31
Also published as: RS20120178A1

Abstract

Eko generator naznačen time što se sastoji od dve Toričelijeve cevi (1, 2) u kojima je vakuum različitih dužina koje su zaronjene u dva otvorena rezervoara (3,4) čije su slobodne površine na različitim visinama, pri čemu su dužine obe cevi (1,2) veće od visine (Hsv) koju tečnost dostiže u Toričelijevoj cevi kada je u njoj vakuum, dok su prostori iznad stubova tečnosti u cevima (1,2) medjusobno povezani, pri čemu se duža cev (1) koja je zaronjena u niže postavljeni rezervoar (3) zagreva spoljnim izvorom toplote ili je u nju ugradjen grejač (7), dok se zid prostora iznad stuba tečnosti u kraćoj cevi (2), zaronjene u više postavljeni rezervoar (4) hladi ili je u taj prostor ugradjen hladnjak (8), zatim što je na više postavljenom rezervoaru (4) postavljena prelivna cev (5).Prijava sadrži još 3zavisna patentna zahteva.An eco generator comprising two Toricelli tubes (1, 2) having a vacuum of different lengths immersed in two open tanks (3,4) whose free surfaces are at different heights, with the lengths of both tubes (1 , 2) greater than the height (Hsv) that the liquid reaches in the Toricelli tube when there is a vacuum in it, while the spaces above the liquid columns in the pipes (1,2) are interconnected, with the longer tube (1) being submerged in the lower the installed tank (3) is heated by an external heat source or a heater (7) is installed therein, while the wall of the space above the liquid column in the shorter tube (2), immersed in the higher installed tank (4), is cooled or a refrigerator (4) is installed in the space. 8), then the overflow pipe (5) is mounted on the higher reservoir (4). The application contains 3 more dependent claims.

Description

Oblast tehnike na koju se pronalazak odnosiTechnical field to which the invention relates

Eko generator ima višestruku primenu medju kojima su dobijanje električne energije čistim postupkom (bez zagadjenja), prečišćavanje otpadnih voda, dobijanje pitke vode iz morske ili druge vode koja nije za piće, kao i za odstranjenje tečnosti, odnosno za povećanje koncentracije rastvora u raznim industrijskim ili proizvodnim procesima. The eco generator has multiple applications, among which are obtaining electricity through a clean process (without pollution), purifying waste water, obtaining drinking water from the sea or other non-drinkable water, as well as for removing liquids, i.e. for increasing the concentration of solutions in various industrial or production processes.

Sa takvim osobinama patent, prema Medjunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata (MKP) ima oznaku F99Z 99/00. With such features, the patent, according to the International Patent Classification (IPC), has the designation F99Z 99/00.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Pronalazak pripada grupi čistih izvora energije, jer omogućuje dobijanje električne energije The invention belongs to the group of clean energy sources, because it enables the production of electricity

bez zagadjenja okoline. Dodatna ekološka vrednost je u tome što se električna energija dobija na račun smanjenja toplote okoline čime se smanjuju efekti globalnog zagrevanja planete, kao i u tome što se tokom procesa (u kome se voda koristi kao medijum) obavlja prečišćavanje otpadnih voda ili se dobija pitka vode iz vode koja nije za piće. without polluting the environment. Additional ecological value is that electricity is obtained at the expense of reducing the heat of the environment, which reduces the effects of global warming of the planet, as well as that during the process (in which water is used as a medium) waste water is purified or drinking water is obtained from non-potable water.

Svaka od tih osobina pronalaska može da bude primarna u njegovoj upotrebi. Each of these features of the invention may be primary in its use.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Trenutno je poznato i uvedeno u primenu više načina dobijanja električne energije iz čistih izvora (sunce, vetar,...) ali je malo onih koji koriste razliku u temperaturi okoline (na primer izmedju vode u moru i vazduha ili vode na površini i u dubini mora, izduvnih gasova u dimnjaku i okolnog vazduha,...), kao i onih koji imaju mogućnost prečišćavanja vode ili drugih tečnosti tokom procesa zasnovanom na razlici u temperaturi okruženja. Currently, several ways of obtaining electricity from clean sources (sun, wind,...) are known and implemented, but there are few that use the difference in ambient temperature (for example, between water in the sea and air or water on the surface and in the depth of the sea, exhaust gases in the chimney and the surrounding air,...), as well as those that have the possibility of purifying water or other liquids during the process based on the difference in ambient temperature.

Sadašnji uredjaji koji postupkom vakuumske destilacije (WD) od morske vode prave vodu za piće odlikuju se izuzetno visokom potrošnjom energije za odvijanje procesa sa potrošnjom Current devices that use the process of vacuum distillation (WD) to make drinking water from seawater are characterized by extremely high energy consumption for the process with consumption

od 23 do 27 kVVh za jedan kubni metar slatke vode. from 23 to 27 kVVh for one cubic meter of fresh water.

IzlaganjesuštinepronalaskaExposition of the essence of the invention

Eko generator, kao stoje prikazano naSlici 1,sastavljen je od dve Toričelijeve cevi različite dužine, zaronjene u dva otvorena razervoara koji se nalaze na različitim visinama i koje su su sastavljene u delu do kojih tečnost potisnuta atmosferskim pritiskom ne može da dopre, što praktično predstavlja prevrnutu „U" cev (cevovod) čiji kraci (cevi) nisu jednake dužine. Dužina kraćeg kraka veća je od visine koju tečnost dostiže u Toričelijevoj cevi kada je u njoj vakuum. NaSlici 1ta visina označena je saHvs,Za vodu, pa primer, ona iznosi oko 10 metara, a za živu 760 milimetara. The eco generator, as shown in Figure 1, is composed of two Torricelli tubes of different lengths, immersed in two open reservoirs located at different heights and assembled in a part where the liquid pushed by atmospheric pressure cannot reach, which practically represents an inverted "U" tube (pipeline) whose arms (tubes) are not of equal length. The length of the shorter arm is greater than the height that the liquid reaches in the Torricelli tube when there is a vacuum in it. In Figure 1, the height is marked with Hvs, for water, for example, it is about 10 meters, and for mercury 760 millimeters.

Suština pronalaska sastoji se u tome da se, radi uštede energije, pri veoma malom pritisku, bliskom vakuumu, u tako postavljenom cevovodu pomoću spoljnog izvora toplote i/ili ugradjenoggrejača tečnost u kraku zaronjenom u niži rezervoar zagreva i izaziva njeno isparavanje, pa se dobijena para Braunovskim kretanjem molekula rasporedjuje po ćelom „vakuumskom" prostoru cevovoda, pa dolazi i iznad stuba tečnosti u kraku zaronjenom u viši rezervoar, gde se hladi u kontaktu sa zidom hladjenim spoljnih toplotnim ponorom i/ili u kontaktu sa ugradjenim hladnjakom usled čega kondenzuje, stvarajući rosu koja se sa zida i/ili hladnjaka sliva u kraći krak, odnosno u viši rezervoar odakle preko prelivne cevi odlazi na turbinu i izazva njeno okretanje. The essence of the invention consists in the fact that, in order to save energy, at a very low pressure, close to a vacuum, in such a pipeline, by means of an external heat source and/or a built-in heater, the liquid in the arm immersed in the lower tank is heated and causes its evaporation, so the resulting vapor is distributed throughout the entire "vacuum" space of the pipeline through the Brownian movement of molecules, so it also comes above the column of liquid in the arm immersed in the higher tank, where it cools in contact with by a wall cooled by an external heat sink and/or in contact with a built-in cooler, as a result of which it condenses, creating dew that flows from the wall and/or cooler into a shorter arm, i.e. into a higher tank, from where it goes to the turbine through an overflow pipe and causes it to spin.

Na tom putu tečnosti postiže se nekoliko osnovnih efekata koji podjednako konkurišu za osnovnu namenu uredjaja i to: 1) Isparavanje u jednoj, a kondenzacija u drugoj cevi na većoj visini, koje se dogadja usled protoka toplote kroz sistem, dovodi do povećanja potencijalne energije tečnosti, što može da se koristi za dobijanje električne energije. 2) Isparavanjem i kondenzacijom se postiže izdvajanje čistog destilata iz polazne tečnosti {koja može da bude mešavina ili rastvor) i njegovo skladištenje u poseban rezervoar. Time ujedno povećavamo koncentraciju rastvora u polaznom rezervoaru što će nam biti od koristi, ako želimo da se oslobodimo viška tečnosti. 3) Ako je polazna tečnost mešavina ili rastvor više tečnosti, svaka od njih će se, usled atmosferskog pritiska, u nižem kraku popeti do odredjene visine, u zavisnosti od toga kolika joj je specifična težina (Isto kao u Toričelojevoj cevi). Zbog toga će na površini tečnog stuba biti najlakša tečnost i samo će ona da isparava (grejač će biti smešten iznad visine do koje se penje sledeća tečnost) i samo će ona da prelazi u drugi krak. Postavljanjem grana na nižem kraku (ulaznoj cevi), kao na Slici 3, na različitim Several basic effects are achieved on that liquid path, which equally compete for the basic purpose of the device, namely: 1) Evaporation in one pipe, and condensation in the other pipe at a higher height, which occurs due to heat flow through the system, leads to an increase in the potential energy of the liquid, which can be used to generate electricity. 2) Evaporation and condensation separate the pure distillate from the initial liquid (which can be a mixture or solution) and store it in a separate tank. At the same time, we increase the concentration of the solution in the starting tank, which will be useful if we want to get rid of excess liquid. 3) If the initial liquid is a mixture or solution of several liquids, each of them will, due to atmospheric pressure, rise to a certain height in the lower leg, depending on its specific gravity (Same as in Torricello's tube). Therefore, the lightest liquid will be on the surface of the liquid column and only that will evaporate (the heater will be placed above the height to which the next liquid rises) and only that will pass to the other leg. By placing branches on the lower leg (inlet pipe), as in Figure 3, on different

visinama možemo da kontrolišemo separaciju tečnosti i obavljamo frakcionu destilaciju polazne mešavine/rastvora. heights, we can control the separation of liquids and perform fractional distillation of the initial mixture/solution.

S obzirom na to da se isparavanje obavlja na veoma niskom pritisku ostvarujemo ogromnu uštedu, jer se pri isparavanju tečnosti pri veoma niskom pritisku temperatura ključanja svodi na temperaturu okoline (intenzivno isparavanje) i potrebno je daleko manje toplote od one koju bismo upotrebili u normalnim uslovima, pri čemu se postizanje tako niskog pritiska, pomoću efekta Toričelijevih cevi, ostvaruje bez ulaganja dodatne energije. Given that the evaporation is carried out at very low pressure, we achieve a huge saving, because when evaporating a liquid at very low pressure, the boiling temperature is reduced to the ambient temperature (intensive evaporation) and far less heat is needed than what we would use under normal conditions, whereby achieving such a low pressure, using the Torricelli tube effect, is achieved without investing additional energy.

Bez dovodjenja i odvodjenja toplote sistem je u dinamičkoj ravnoteži i broj molekula koji isparavaju jednak je broju molekula koji kondenzuju (u oba kraka). Da bi se ta dinamička i fazna ravnoteža poremetila i pokrenuo jednosmerni proces (isparavanje u nižem kraku i kondenzacijau višem, iznad nivoa tečnosti u njemu) potrebno je veoma malo odstupanje temperature, zbog čega se otvara široka lepeza mogućnosti primene prirodnih toplotnih izvora i ponora za zagrevanje u nižem kraku i hladjenje u višem. U tu svrhu mogu da se koriste kombinacije toplo more i hladan vazduh ili, recimo, da se niži krak oboji u crno, Without adding or removing heat, the system is in dynamic equilibrium and the number of molecules that evaporate is equal to the number of molecules that condense (in both arms). In order to disrupt this dynamic and phase balance and start a one-way process (evaporation in the lower leg and condensation in the higher one, above the liquid level in it), a very small temperature deviation is needed, which opens up a wide range of possibilities for applying natural heat sources and sinks for heating in the lower leg and cooling in the higher one. For this purpose, combinations of warm sea and cold air can be used or, for example, the lower arm can be painted black,

smesti u zavetrinu i izloži sunčevoj svetlosti, a da viši krak bude obojen u belo, izložen vetru i smešten u senku i tako dalje. placed in the lee and exposed to the sunlight, and the higher arm to be painted white, exposed to the wind and placed in the shade, and so on.

Radne temperature i pritisak prikazani su na PT dijagramu (za vodu) na Slici 2. Operating temperatures and pressure are shown on the PT diagram (for water) in Figure 2.

Kratak opis slika nacrta Brief description of the draft images

Slika 1 predstavlja osnovnu šemu Eko generatora Figure 1 represents the basic scheme of the Eco generator

Slika 2predstavlja PT dijagram za vodu i prikaz radne temperature i pritiska na kome radi Figure 2 presents a PT diagram for water and a display of the operating temperature and pressure at which it operates

Eko generator Eco generator

Slika 3prikazuješematsku primenu uređaja za razdvajanje dve najlakše tečnosti iz mešavine ilirastvora uz pomoć dva grejača, dva hladnjaka, dve komore za isparavanje-kondenzaciju i dva prihvatna rezervoara, svaki za po jednu tečnost. Mehaničke primese i preostale tečnosti većih specifičnih težina ostaju u početnom rezervoaru. Figure 3 shows a schematic application of a device for separating the two lightest liquids from a mixture or solution with the help of two heaters, two coolers, two evaporation-condensation chambers and two receiving tanks, each for one liquid. Mechanical impurities and residual liquids of higher specific gravity remain in the initial tank.

Detaljan opis pronalaskaDetailed description of the invention

Eko generator, kao što je prikazano naSlici1, sastavljen je od jedne prevrnute ,,U" cevi (cevovoda) čiji kraci predstavljaju cevi 1 i 2 koje nisu jednake dužine, a koje su zaronjene u dva medjusobno nepovezana otvorena rezervoara 3 i 4 sa nivoima tečnosti na različitim visinama. Unutar „U" cevi je vakuum, tako da ona praktično predstavlja dve Toričelijeve cevi koje su medjusobno spojene u delu do kog tečnost, potisnuta atmosferskim pritiskom, ne može da dopre. The eco generator, as shown in Figure 1, is composed of an inverted "U" tube (pipeline) whose legs represent tubes 1 and 2 that are not of equal length, and which are immersed in two mutually unrelated open tanks 3 and 4 with liquid levels at different heights. Inside the "U" tube there is a vacuum, so that it practically represents two Torricelli tubes that are connected to each other in the part where the liquid, pushed by atmospheric pressure, does not can reach.

Dužina kraće cevi 2 veća je od visine koju tečnost dostiže u Toričelijevoj cevi kada je u njoj vakuum (za vodu, na primer, ta visina je oko 10 metara, a za živu 760 milimetara). Ta visina naSlici 1označena je saHvs.The length of the shorter tube 2 is greater than the height that the liquid reaches in the Torricelli tube when there is a vacuum in it (for water, for example, that height is about 10 meters, and for mercury 760 millimeters). That height in Figure 1 is marked with Hvs.

Nivoi slobodne tečnosti u rezervoarima 3 i 4 nalaze se na različitim visinama i njihovo medjusobno rastojanje je na slici označeno saHi.Visina Hjničim ne uslovljava rad celog sistema i u potpunosti zavisi od konstrukcionih zahteva, ali je izuzetno važan parametar kada se Eko generator koristi za proizvodnju električne energije, posebno ako se tečnost posle turbine 6 vraća u početni rezervoar 3. The levels of free liquid in tanks 3 and 4 are at different heights and their mutual distance is marked with Hi in the picture. The Hjnic height does not determine the operation of the entire system and depends entirely on the design requirements, but it is an extremely important parameter when the Eco generator is used to produce electricity, especially if the liquid after turbine 6 is returned to the initial tank 3.

U stacionarnom stanju, kada se toplota ne dovodi i ne odvodi iz sistema, bezvazdušni (uslovno vakuumski) prostor iznad tečnosti je ravnomerno popunjen molekulima pare tečnosti. Izmedju tečnosti u obe cevi i njene pare vlada dinamička i fazna ravnoteža tako da se ista količina tečnosti pretvara u paru i vraća nazad kao kondenzat, pa temperatura i pritisak pare u sistemu, kao i nivoi tečnosti u cevima 1 i 2 i u rezervoarima 3 i 4, pri konstantnoj temperaturi okoline i konstantnom atmosferskom pritisku, ostaju nepromenjeni. In a stationary state, when heat is neither supplied nor removed from the system, the airless (conditionally vacuum) space above the liquid is evenly filled with liquid vapor molecules. There is a dynamic and phase equilibrium between the liquid in both pipes and its vapor, so that the same amount of liquid turns into vapor and returns back as condensate, so the temperature and pressure of the vapor in the system, as well as the liquid levels in pipes 1 and 2 and in tanks 3 and 4, at constant ambient temperature and constant atmospheric pressure, remain unchanged.

Uvodjenjem toplote u nižu cev 1, ili postavljanjem grejača 7 u njoj, isparavanje na površini tečnosti u njoj će se povećati što će izazvati povećanje pritiska pare u ćelom bezvazdušnom prostoru, time i pritiska iznad tečnosti u višoj cevi 2. Odvodjenjem toplote spoljnim toplotnim ponorom preko zida više cevi 2 ili postavljanjem hladnjaka 8 u tom delu bezvazdušnog prostora, para će u kontaktu sa hladnim zidom cevi 2 ili rebrima hladnjaka 8 početi da kondenzuje i da stvara kapljice rose koje će se pod dejstvom zemljine teže slivati u tečnost u višoj cevi 2, a potom dalje u viši rezervoar 4, odakle će preko prelivne cevi 5 odlaziti na turbinu 6. By introducing heat into the lower pipe 1, or by placing a heater 7 in it, the evaporation on the surface of the liquid in it will increase, which will cause an increase in the vapor pressure in the entire airless space, thus the pressure above the liquid in the higher pipe 2. By removing the heat through an external heat sink over the wall of several pipes 2 or by placing a cooler 8 in that part of the airless space, the steam in contact with the cold wall of the pipe 2 or the fins of the cooler 8 will begin to condense and creates dew drops that, under the influence of the earth's gravity, will flow into the liquid in the higher pipe 2, and then further into the higher tank 4, from where it will go to the turbine 6 via the overflow pipe 5.

Hladjenje i kondenzacija dovode do smanjenja pritiska pare u ćelom sistemu, što uz dalje dovodjenje toplote u nižoj cevi 1 izaziva novo isparavanje i dopremanje nove količine pare do hladnog zida ili hladnjaka 8 i time se održava kontinuitet u prenošenju tečnosti iz nižeg stuba u viši zahvaljujući protoku toplote kroz sistem. Cooling and condensation lead to a decrease in vapor pressure in the entire system, which, along with the further supply of heat in the lower pipe 1, causes new evaporation and the delivery of a new amount of steam to the cold wall or cooler 8, thus maintaining continuity in the transfer of liquid from the lower column to the higher one thanks to the flow of heat through the system.

Da ne bi dolazilo do zastoja u radu generatora i eventualnog dolaska tečnosti do mesta spajanja cevi 1 i 2, što bi izazvalo prelivanje tečnosti iz više cevi u nižu, visinska razlika od nivoa tečnosti u višoj cevi do mesta spajanja cevi, ali i do hladnjaka kad ga ima, treba da bude prilagodjena mogućim oscilacijama atmosferskog pritiska. In order to avoid a stoppage in the operation of the generator and the eventual arrival of liquid to the point of connection of pipes 1 and 2, which would cause the overflow of liquid from several pipes to the lower one, the height difference from the liquid level in the higher pipe to the point of connection of pipes, but also to the cooler, if there is one, should be adapted to possible oscillations of atmospheric pressure.

Nivo tečnosti u nižoj cevi 1 trebalo bi da opada usled odlaska tečnosti u paru, ali se on zadržava na istoj visini usled atmosferskog pritiska i dotoka nove tečnosti u rezervoar 3. The liquid level in the lower pipe 1 should decrease due to the evaporation of the liquid, but it remains at the same level due to the atmospheric pressure and the inflow of new liquid into the tank 3.

Nivo tečnosti u višoj cevi 2 trebalo bi da se povećava usled dotoka kondenzata, ali i on ostaje na istoj visini, jer se sav priliv odvodi dalje do rezervoara 4, a odatle izlazi preko prelivne cevi 5 i odlazi na turbinu 6 stvarajući električnu energiju. The liquid level in the higher pipe 2 should increase due to the inflow of condensate, but it also remains at the same height, because all the inflow is drained further to the tank 4, and from there it exits through the overflow pipe 5 and goes to the turbine 6, generating electricity.

Koliko će tečnosti preći iz nižeg 3 u viši rezervoar 4 zavisi prvenstveno od količine toplote koju dovodimo i odvodimo iz sistema, a onda i od gabarita celog sistema. How much liquid will pass from the lower tank 3 to the higher tank 4 depends primarily on the amount of heat that we supply and remove from the system, and then on the dimensions of the entire system.

Koliko će se struje dobiti u strujnom generatoru, pored količine tečnosti, zavisi i od razlike u visini rezervoara i posebno od specifične težine tečnosti koja se koristi. Na raspolaganju nam je potencijalna energija koja iznosi: How much current will be obtained in the current generator, in addition to the amount of liquid, also depends on the difference in the height of the tank and especially on the specific weight of the liquid used. We have a potential energy at our disposal that amounts to:

Gde su: Ep - potencijalna energija kondentara, m - masa kondenzata, Hi- visinska razlika nivoa tečnosti u rezervoarima {naznačena na Slici 1) i g - ubrzanje zemljine teže. Where are: Ep - potential energy of the condenser, m - condensate mass, Hi - height difference of the liquid level in the reservoirs (indicated in Figure 1) and g - acceleration of the earth's gravity.

Za jedan kilogram tečnosti, potencijalna energija iznosi 9,81 J/m za svaki metar razlike u visini. For one kilogram of liquid, the potential energy is 9.81 J/m for each meter difference in height.

Temperatura grejača t<ji temperatura hladnjaka t , koji su potrebni za odbijanje procesa, nemaju posebna ograničenja, osim što temperatura grejanja mora da bude iznad temperature isparavanja za radni pritisak pp {desno od fazne linije tečnost-para na PT dijagramu prikazanom na Slici 2.), a temperatura hladnjaka ispod (levo od iste linije). Njihova razlika može da bude minimalna: jedan do dva stepena Celzijusa, što pruža širok izbor mogućih toplotnih izvora i toplotnih ponora u prirodi. The heater temperature t < and the cooler temperature t , which are required to reject the process, have no special restrictions, except that the heater temperature must be above the vaporization temperature for the working pressure pp (to the right of the liquid-vapor phase line on the PT diagram shown in Figure 2.), and the cooler temperature below (to the left of the same line). Their difference can be minimal: one to two degrees Celsius, which provides a wide variety of possible heat sources and heat sinks in nature.

Za slučaj kada je uredjaj namenjen izdvajanju čistog kondenzata iz mešavine ili rastvora, važno je naglasiti da će u nižoj cevi, usled opadanja pritiska sa visinom, doći i do smanjenja rastvorljivosti ma koje čvrste materije u tečnosti, pa će zbog toga, ali i zbog stalnog isparavanja tečnosti, doći do taloženja te (tih) materije na zidovima niže cevi (kamenac). Preduzimanjem odredjenih aktivnosti (oblaganje zidova, naelektrisanje zidova, ...) sprečiće se pojava kamenca u samom sistemu, a sva količina primese će ostajati u rezervoaru 1 gde će po dostizanju odredjene koncentracije biti usmerena ka nekom drugom predvidjenom procesu (na primer dobijanje soli iz morske vode) ili će se kristalizacija izazvati na za to predvidjenim mestima u nižem rezervoaru ili cevi (ciljano postavljeni centri kristalizacije). For the case when the device is intended to extract pure condensate from a mixture or solution, it is important to emphasize that in the lower pipe, due to the decrease in pressure with height, there will be a decrease in the solubility of any solid substance in the liquid, and because of this, but also due to the constant evaporation of the liquid, there will be deposition of that (those) substance on the walls of the lower pipe (scale). By undertaking certain activities (coating the walls, electrifying the walls, ...) the appearance of scale in the system itself will be prevented, and all the amount of admixture will remain in tank 1 where, after reaching a certain concentration, it will be directed to some other planned process (for example, obtaining salt from seawater) or crystallization will be caused in the places provided for it in the lower tank or pipe (targeted crystallization centers).

Ukoliko je tečnost u početnom rezervoaru mešavina više tečnosti, u nižoj cevi će doći do raslojavanja i na veću visinu će se popeti lakša tečnost, što znači da će u stacionarnom stanju na površinu stići i isparavati samo najlakša i da će samo ona prelaziti u viši krak. Ako se želi izdvajanje više tečnosti, niži krak se račva na visinama do kojih bi tečnosti doprle u Toričelijevoj cevi i tako usmeravaju prema onim višim cevima i hladnjacima predvidjenim za njih, kao što je prikazano na Slici 3. U ovom slučaju brzinu dotoka polazne tečnosti treba prilagoditi količini dovedene toplote da ne bi došlo da preteranog mešanja tečnosti u zoni gde one treba da se razdvajaju. If the liquid in the initial tank is a mixture of several liquids, stratification will occur in the lower pipe and the lighter liquid will rise to a greater height, which means that in a stationary state, only the lightest liquid will reach the surface and evaporate, and only it will pass into the higher branch. If it is desired to extract more liquid, the lower branch forks at the heights to which the liquid would reach in the Torricelli tube and thus directs it towards those higher tubes and the coolers provided for them, as shown in Figure 3. In this case, the flow rate of the initial liquid should be adjusted to the amount of supplied heat in order to avoid excessive mixing of the liquid in the zone where they are to be separated.

Sam proces istovremenog razdvajanja dve tečnosti obavlja se tako što se grejač 303 u cevi 302 postavlja ispod visine do koje može da dopre samo najlakša tečnost u mešavini ili rastvoru, a iznad visine do koje može da dopre sledeća tečnost. tako da od njega toplotu dobija samo najlakša tečnost koja isparava prema cevi 305 i kondenzuje na hladnjaku 304, a onda se sliva u rezervoar 306. Druga najlakša tečnost, prilivom nove količine rastvora u rezervoaru 301 potiskuje se kroz račvu u cevi 302 do koje ne može da dopre treća najlakša tečnost ili čvrste primese, pa odlazi ka taložniku 311 gde se definitivno razdvaja od najlakše tečnosti, posle čega se druga najlakša tečnost usmerava na grejač 307 radi isparavanja, a njena para kondenzuje na hladnjaku 308 i preko cevi 309 odlazi u rezervoar 310. U taložniku su dve najlakše tečnosti i dalje pomešane, ali će najlakša tečnost, usled njenog isparavanja u cevi (302) biti stalno potiskivana iz njega radi održavanja nivoa do kog dopire u cevi 302 tako da će koncentracija druge najlakše tečnosti da raste prema dnu taložnika. Da bi na samom dnu taložnika ostala isključivo druga najlakša tečnost i da bi samo ona odlazila ka grejaču 307 neophodni su kontrola i podešavanje količina toplote koje se dovode na oba grejača 303 i 307. Zbog isparavanja dve najlakše tečnosti, u početnom rezervoaru 301 ostaje rastvor, odnosno smeša sa povećanom koncentracijom preostalih tečnosti i primesa. The very process of simultaneous separation of two liquids is performed by placing the heater 303 in the pipe 302 below the height to which only the lightest liquid in the mixture or solution can reach, and above the height to which the next liquid can reach. so that only the lightest liquid receives heat from it, which evaporates towards the pipe 305 and condenses on the cooler 304, and then flows into the tank 306. The second lightest liquid, due to the influx of a new amount of solution in the tank 301, is pushed through the fork in the pipe 302, which cannot be reached by the third lightest liquid or solid admixtures, and goes to the precipitator 311, where it definitely separates from the lightest liquid, after which the second lightest liquid is directed to the heater 307 for evaporation, and its vapor condenses on the cooler 308 and goes through the pipe 309 to the tank 310. In the precipitator, the two lightest liquids are still mixed, but the lightest liquid, due to its evaporation in the pipe (302), will be constantly pushed out of it in order to maintain the level it reaches in the pipe 302 so that the concentration of the other the easiest liquid to rise towards the bottom precipitator. In order for only the second lightest liquid to remain at the very bottom of the precipitator and for only it to go to the heater 307, it is necessary to control and adjust the amount of heat supplied to both heaters 303 and 307. Due to the evaporation of the two lightest liquids, a solution remains in the initial tank 301, i.e. a mixture with an increased concentration of the remaining liquids and impurities.

Kod upotrebe Eko generatora za dobijanje pijace vode kondenzat se sa prelivne cevi višeg rezervoara odvodi na dalji tretman - mineralizaciju, hlorisanje, fluorizaciju, i td. Ukoliko jedan prolaz kroz sistem ne obezbedi dovoljnu čistoću kondenzata, on se iz višeg rezervoara uvodi u novi, jedan ili više sistema, sve dok se ne dobije zadovoljavajuća čistoća. When using the Eco generator to obtain market water, the condensate is taken from the overflow pipe of the higher tank for further treatment - mineralization, chlorination, fluoridation, etc. If one passage through the system does not ensure sufficient cleanliness of the condensate, it is introduced from a higher tank into a new one or more systems, until satisfactory cleanliness is obtained.

Claims

1. Eco generator characterized by the fact that it consists of two Torricelli tubes (1 >2) in which the vacuum is of equal length immersed in two open tanks (3,4) whose free surfaces are at different heights, with the lengths of both tubes (1,2) being greater than the height (Hsv) that the liquid reaches in the Torricelli tube when there is a vacuum in it, while the spaces above the columns of liquid in the tubes (1,2) are connected to each other, with the longer the pipe (1) that is immersed in the lower tank (3) is heated by an external heat source or a heater (7) is installed in it, while the wall of the space above the column of liquid in the shorter pipe (2), immersed in the higher tank (4) is cooled or a cooler (8) is installed in that space, after the overflow pipe (5) is installed on the higher tank (4).

2. Eco generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow pipe (5) is intended for draining excess liquid from the higher tank (4) to the turbine (6) which is connected to the current generator, and for returning it to the lower tank (3).

3. Eco generator according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the overflow pipe (5) is intended for draining the excess liquid from the higher tank (4) which represents clean condensate, while the liquid with an increased concentration of impurities remains in the tank (3).

4. Eco generator according to claim 1 and variant 1 characterized by the fact that it consists of three Torricelli tubes (302, 305, 309) which are immersed in three separate tanks (301, 306, 310) whose free surface levels are at different heights, where the length of each tube (302, 305, 309) is greater than the height (HSv) that the liquid reaches in the Torricelli tube pipe when there is a vacuum in it, while the spaces above the liquid columns in the pipe (302) of the lowest placed tank (301) and the pipe (305) of the highest placed tank (306) are connected to each other in a common chamber, whereby the heater (303) is in the pipe (302) of the lowest placed reservoir (301) in which there is a mixture or a solution placed below the height to which only the lightest liquid in the mixture reaches or solution, alt above the height reached by the next one the lightest liquid, while the cooler (304) is placed in the space above the liquid in the pipe (305) of the highest placed tank (306) in order to condense the lightest liquid in the solution or mixture and pour it into the tank (306), then by having a fork to the precipitator on the pipe (302) below the height to which only the lightest liquid reaches, and above the height to which the third lightest liquid in the solution or mixture reaches (311), where a heater (307) is placed behind the precipitator (311) in the separated second lightest liquid in the solution or mixture directed to the pipe (309), while a cooler (308) is placed in the space above the column of liquid in the pipe (309) in order to condense the second lightest liquid and pour it into the tank (310) placed at a medium height.