RS20180118A1 - Oxid composition materials of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cement, foamed cement, concrete and adhesives - Google Patents

Abstract

Materials of oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foam cements, concrete and adhesives, as a new patent provides solutions for the production of materials of oxide composition (1) which are ground to ultra and finely ground oxide composite (6,8) with grains smaller than 0.0075 mm. These ground oxide composites (6,8) are additionally combined with activators CaO (2) and Ca (OH) 2 (3) which is also modified with easily soluble compounds and aqueous solutions and thus produces foamy cement for mortars, adhesives. and concrete (26.27). These materials are also used to obtain improved new generation cements (7.9). The patent provides a solution for the improvement of classic standard cements by dosing CaO (2) for winter modified cements in the mill during grinding (15,16,17,18,19). For summer modified cements, Ca (OH) 2 (3) is dosed into the grinding mill, thus obtaining cements (20,21,22,23,24). In the production of concrete, CaO (2) or Ca (OH) 2 is dosed into the mixer and in this way we get improved properties of concrete (13,14) with the possibility of reducing the mass of cement. The patent provides a solution for the production of dry machine mortars for masonry and plastering (28,29). The patent also provides a unique solution for the production of dry light mortars for machine plastering (31). Higher capacity for 20% of concrete plants is achieved with a unique special four-fraction and three-fraction aggregate (32,33) with much more precise determination of the amount of water in the aggregate. This patent reveals the possibility of chemical modification among the oldest activators, which is hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 (34) with a whole range of materials, chemicals and water-soluble substances. CaO (2) chemically reacts with solutions and in that way we get chemically modified hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 (34) by means of which we produce modified hydraulic binders (35,37). This patent provides a solution for how the usability of cement and other binders can be extended by 100% with CaO (2) and finely ground dried clay (38).

Description

production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives

Technical field to which the invention relates

The subject of the invention, in general, belongs to the field of construction and it can be classified according to MKP with symbols (IPC) C04B14 / 10; E04B7 /00, E04C1 / 41, E04B2 / 18, C04B33 / 04, C04B33 / 22, C04B41 /00

Technical problem

How to produce cement, concrete, mortar, cement glue of excellent quality with optimal and smaller amount of Portland cement clinker. How to produce cement that will have a longer shelf life and at the same time a greater increase in strength compared to the existing types of cement produced in the world today. How to protect cement and cement-based adhesives from the effects of moisture and extend their shelf life. How to make packaging that will protect cement and glue from moisture for a long time. How to produce cement that will foam in contact with water in order to obtain pores in mortar, light mortar and concrete and better adhesion of mortar and adhesives. Materials as additives that would be applied in those technologies must be of high grinding fineness and mostly built with chemically active oxides, cheap, without water absorption or with low water absorption, available in nature or by-products, high hardness and good mechanical characteristics. If these materials are used as additives for the production of mortar and concrete, in addition to the above-mentioned characteristics, they must also have a good granulometry, from the smallest grains to larger grains with high purity, without undesirable organic and clay admixtures. If these materials as additives are used in the production of cement, in addition to the chemically active oxide composition, without water absorption or with very little water absorption, these materials as additives must be mostly hard with the effects of improving grinding in mills in order to obtain a much higher grinding fineness and better granulometry of small particles compared to the granulometry and grinding fineness of existing types of cements. Cement adhesives must be sticky, firm but vapor permeable and without the presence of artificial additives based on polymers that would seal the adhesives and prevent the diffusion of water vapor through the adhesive.

State of the art

Current world practice and technology of cement and concrete production know electrofilter ash and granulated slag as the most common additives. The mentioned additives are chemically active because they contain oxides SiO<2>, Al2O<3>, Fe<2>O<3>, but as granular material they have relatively low hardness and very weak mechanical strength. The granulometric composition of these additions is not suitable for obtaining high mechanical characteristics of production products, ma era eons. o prozvo ne cemenaa, ee ro ars ash slag do not improve the effect of grinding in mills because they are not hard enough. Aggregates for concrete production are mostly of river origin with finer fractions up to 4 mm and larger fractions larger than 4 mm. Although the aggregate is washed with water, the small fraction up to 4 mm contains a significant part of impurities in the form of small particles smaller than 0.09 mm, and these particles can also be of organic nature. Such particles are harmful to concrete from several aspects: they require a larger amount of cement, they require a larger amount of water, they are stuck to larger aggregates, they have a detrimental effect on cement hydration processes and increase concrete shrinkage. Today's concretes must meet the condition of transport through the pump, and this allows fine aggregate up to 4 mm and a certain (prescribed) mass of cement. Fine aggregate up to 4 mm in size has a large developed specific surface, which means that such concretes require a larger amount of cement and water. A larger amount of water reduces the strength of concrete, and a larger mass of cement makes concrete more expensive and increases the amount of cement stone, which has much weaker characteristics than natural stone aggregate. In the production of cement adhesives, additives based on such polymers are used, which improve stickiness and strength, but at the same time seal the adhesive and do not allow the natural exchange of water vapor. In this way, the adhesives become vapor barriers, which is not suitable for use, especially in residential buildings, because in this way natural ventilation and air conditioning of the space, as the highest quality form of air conditioning, is prevented. The mentioned shortcomings of the existing materials: cement, concrete, mortar and cement adhesives will be partially or completely eliminated with the technological solutions that will be processed in this patent.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The essence of the invention is that during the production of new generation cements, in the grinding phase, materials are dosed as additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) in the form of quartz sand or materials of magmatic and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: clinker fired material and clay, fired clay, slag and ash, which would be hard and high strength or a combination of hard and softer materials as additives, without water absorption or with low water absorption, with oxide composition SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3. An important condition is that such additives are previously ground in mills to a particle size of less than 75 μm (less than 0.075 mm), with the condition that the grinding is done with the addition of hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2> from 0% to 70% and alkali (KOH and NaOH) from 0% to 20% in relation to the mass of the special additive. Thus ground special materials as additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin (clinker baked clay materials, baked clay, slag and ash) with the presence of hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>0% to 70% and alkali (KOH and NaOH) from 0% to 20%, are dosed into mills for re-grinding with Portland cement clinker and gypsum dihydrate in the production of a new generation of cement. In this way, special materials are obtained as additives in the composition of the new generation of cements that are ground into particles smaller than 7.5 μm (less than 0.0075 mm), which become more chemically active because they have a larger developed surface. The obtained cements of the new generation have an excellent granulometric curve and good chemical activity. The grinding effect of such cements is excellent because hard oxide materials as additives clean the walls of the mills from the relatively soft layer of Portland cement clinker and gypsum particles. The pumability of concrete with such new generation cements is greatly facilitated and increased. The essence of the invention is that materials as additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>), namely quartz sand and materials as additives of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: clinker baked clay materials, baked clay, slag and ash, with the addition of hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2> from 0% to 70% and alkali (KOH and NaOH) from 0% to 20% can be ground. to the size of particles that are smaller than 7.5 µm (less than 0.0075 mm) and can be dosed directly into the mixer in the production of new generation concrete and new generation mortar. In this way, with the new generation of concrete and the new generation of mortar, the first fraction of grain size up to 4 mm would be reduced to 70% and replaced by a part of up to 30% with the specified ground special materials as additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>), which is quartz sand and materials as additives of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: clinker baked clay materials, baked clay, slag and ash with the addition hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2> from 0% to 70% and alkali (KOH and NaOH) from 0% to 20%. In the case of new generation concrete and new generation mortar, the first fraction of grain size up to 4 mm would be replaced by the second part up to 40% with additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: clinker baked clay materials, baked clay, slag, pepo with a grain size fraction of 0.5 mm to 2 mm. In this way, they would get the first fraction 0/4 mm clean, without excessive organic admixtures and with an optimally developed surface and the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm. In the case of new generation concrete with four fractions 0/4mm, 4/8mm, 8/16mm, 16/22.4mm, 16/32mm, the fourth fraction 16/32mm would be reduced to participate in the aggregate granulometry up to a maximum of 30%. In the case of new generation concrete with three fractions 0/4mm, 4/8mm, 8/16mm, the fourth fraction 16/32mm or 16/22.4mm would be dosed, so that it would participate in the aggregate granulometry up to a maximum of 12%. The essence of the invention is that in the production of cement adhesives, in addition to cement, ground special materials are used as additives with quartz minerals (SiO<2>), namely quartz sand and materials as additives of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: clinker baked clay materials, baked clay, slag and ash with the addition of hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2> from 0% to 70% and alkali (KOH and NaOH). from 0% to 20%.. These cement adhesives of the new generation do not contain materials and polymers that would seal and close for the passage of water and water vapor. Cement adhesives of the new generation have materials based on aerants and proteins that foam and create air pores in the cement adhesive with good adhesion to the substrate and good vapor permeability, that is, with a low factor of resistance to the diffusion of water vapor.

Detailed description of the invention

There are several types of cements that can be pure Portland cements CEM I or cements with additives CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V. Composite or so-called hybrid cements are marked with CEM V and contain very little Portland cement clinker and a higher percentage of materials of pozzolanic origin such as ash and slag. This patent deals with the technological solution for the production of new generation cement, foamed cements, new generation concrete, new generation mortars and new generation cement adhesives. This patent provides a solution for extending the shelf life of cement and cement-based materials due to the fact that cement is a very hygroscopic material. The invention consists in using as aggregates in the production of concrete for the first fraction and the finest particles oxide composition materials of high hardness and strength, without water absorption or with low water absorption up to 20%, which are clean and without organic and clay impurities. These materials are built with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O<3>, Fe2O3) of natural magmatic origin and natural sedimentary origin, namely sandstones. Materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O<3>, Fe2O3) are also used, namely clinker baked clay, baked clay, slag, ash and expanded perlite. All the mentioned materials are referred to in this patent as oxide composition materials as additives, 1. These materials are previously crushed in crushers if they are of larger grains, individually or in combination, to granulation with grains up to 16 mm and then they are mixed with a previously made powdery mixture in which an aqueous solution was previously made with water. Namely, the water, with a violent and rapid chemical reaction and the release of heat, dissolved alkali KOH,4, with a mass of up to 20% and alkali NaOH,5, with a mass of up to 20% in relation to the mass of the mixture of dry components KOH,4, NaOH,5, and CaO,2, so that quicklime CaO,2, with a weight of 0.01% to 100% of the weight of the mixture, 2, 4, 5. The mass of water in the aqueous solution is at most up to 32% compared to the mass of CaO,2, because it is chemically necessary water, after which rehydration occurs when CaO,2 turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,3, which is in an additional chemical relationship with the alkalis KOH,4, and NaOH,5. It is not necessary for quicklime CaO,2, to completely transform into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,3, if such material with an oxide composition as additives,1, will be used in the process of producing cements and adhesives. In that case, CaO 2, in such cement, i.e. glue, will bind any water vapor H<2>O that may be present. In this way, cement and glue will be protected from the process of hydration and coagulation in packaging or in bulk, as it is already delivered to the market. The thus produced powdery mixture ,3,4,5, with a mass of 0.014% to 75%, is mixed with oxide composition materials as additives ,1. In this way, oxide composition materials as additives 1 are mixed with chemical activators 2,3,4,5, which can enter into chemical reactions with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) and with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O<3>, Fe2O3) with the effects of increasing strength. The mentioned materials, 1,2,3,4,5, after mixing, are ground in mills to a grain size smaller than 0.075 mm with a specific grain surface greater than 4500 cm<2>/g, after which we obtain a finely ground composite, 6, which is used as an additive in the production of cement, foamed cements, concrete, mortars etc. During processing, no meven binder composite, , is ground mostly with a particle size of less than 7.5 μm (less than 0.0075 mm), after which we obtain an ultra-finely ground binder composite, 8, which has a grinding fineness greater than 9000 cm<2>/g. Finely ground binder composite 6, with particles smaller than 75 μm (less than 0.075 mm) has a specific surface of at least 4500 cm<2>/g and is used as an additive in the production of hydraulic binder, cement of the new generation 7. Cement of the new generation, 7, is produced by placing the finely ground composite, 6, in a mill with a mass of 1% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker, which is dosed with a mass of 5% to 98.99%, and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O, which is dosed with a mass of up to 8%, and with quicklime CaO, 2, which is dosed with a mass from 0.01% to 20%. So, after grinding, we get a new generation cement, 7, which has a specific surface of up to 7000 cm<2>/g with a class that would be 32.5 and 42.5, and it depends on the specific surface (cm<2>/g) and the participation of finely ground binder composite, 6, in relation to the mass of Portland cement clinker. If the ultra-finely ground composite ,8, is placed in a mill with a mass of 1% to 95%, for further grinding with portland cement clinker dosed with a mass of 5% to 98.99% and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O dosed with a mass of up to 8% and with quicklime CaO ,2, which is dosed with a mass of 0.01% to 20%. Then, after grinding such a mixture, we get ultra composite cement of the new generation, 9, which has a specific surface of up to 12000 cm<2>/g, with the class of cement of the new generation, 9, which would be 42.5 and 52.5. Quicklime CaO,2 will change over time into hydrated lime CaSO4·2H2O,3, because it will bind water H<2>O in the form of water vapor and thus prevent cement from caking. The last moment when CaO will turn into hydrated lime CaSO4·2H2O is during concrete making. Hydrated lime CaSO4·2H2O will immediately intensively, even in the first moments when the concrete is still warm, begin chemical reactions with oxides that are in the composition of cement in the form of ash. Likewise, hydrated lime CaSO4·2H2O will immediately enter into chemical reactions with oxides from the finely ground composite, 6, and with oxides from the ultra-finely ground composite, 8. This patent provides a solution for reducing the amount of cement by mixing ultra-finely ground binder composite 8, with a mass of 0.01% to 90% of the mass of standard cement used, with concrete components, with standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V). In addition, CaO 2 is mixed as an addition, with a weight of up to 30% compared to the weight of the standard cement used (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V). Ca(OH)<2>,3, with a mass of 0.01% to 30% in relation to the mass of the standard cement used (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) can also be added. All this is mixed with the aggregate fractions, the special granulometry of the river with four fractions, 11, which has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fraction is a sub-fraction of finely ground composite, 6, with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm. Up to 40% of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, as a sub-fraction, 15, with grains of 0.5 mm to 1 mm makes a hard and solid material of oxide composition without water absorption or with water absorption up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials with minerals (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) as additions of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and of artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay. The last up to 36% of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4mm

ao pora c a, , a with grains ma o mm o mm with o ro washed m re n m aggregate ezers m aggregate or crushed aggregate. So that the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%, so that the second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%. The third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 40%, so the fourth fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%, where after mixing the mentioned components of concrete and water in the mixer, you would get concrete of the new generation,13, with four fractions and with a reduction in the consumption of the standard cement used (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) from 10% to 80%. In the same way, they would get concrete of the new generation, 14, with three fractions and an excessive fraction, 12, with a reduction in the consumption of the used standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) from 10% to 80%. In that case, the excessive fraction of 16 mm to 32 mm would be planned to be dosed with a mass of up to 12% in relation to the total mass of the aggregate. During the production of cement in mills with recipes for classic standard cements (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), quicklime CaO,2, with a mass of 0.01% to 20%, is dosed as an addition. In this way, we get winter modified standard classic cement CEM I,15, winter modified standard classic cement CEM II,16, winter modified standard classic cement CEM III,17, winter modified standard classic cement CEM IV,18, winter modified standard classic cement CEM V,19, which are intensively used in the concrete production phase in the period when temperatures are not high. Namely, quicklime CaO,2, during the mixing of concrete in contact with water, H<2>O would change to Ca(OH)<2>,3 in the mixer and mixer, and at the same time the heat of hydration would be released, which would favor fresh concrete for accelerated hardening, especially in winter. The strength would increase due to the heat of hydration and even more due to the presence of Ca(OH)<2>,3, which would chemically react with the oxides present in additions to standard cements. If you would dose Ca(OH)<2>,3, with a mass of 0.01% to 28%, in the mill during the production of standard classic cements (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), then, in this way, you would get summer modified standard classic cement CEM I (20), summer modified standard classic cement CEM II,21, summer modified standard classic cement CEM III ,22, summer modified standard classic cement CEM IV ,23, summer modified standard classic cement CEM V ,24, which are intensively used in the concrete production phase in the period when temperatures are high. Modified foaming cement for mortars, 26, would be obtained by dosing quicklime CaO, 2 with a mass of 0.01% to 40% and quenching with water in which we had previously dissolved 0.01% to 10% of aerant additives and up to 10% detergent-based foaming additives. Then there would be a quenching of CaO ,2, which turns into modified sparkling Ca(OH)<2>,25. Such modified foaming Ca(OH)<2>,25, would be milled with finely ground composite ,6, with mass from 10% to 95%, with portland cement clinker dosed with mass from 5% to 80% and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O dosed with mass up to 8%. If the ultra-fine ground composite 8 is placed in a mill with a mass of 10% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker dosed with a mass of 5% to 80% and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4x2H2O dosed with a mass of up to 8%. The mill is also dosed

, , ,

CaO .2, but with such an aqueous solution that contains from 0.01% to 10% of aerant additives and up to 10% of detergent-based foaming additives. Such an aqueous solution is mixed and slaked quicklime CaO,2, which turns into modified foaming hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,25, which is dosed into the mill with a mass of 0.014% to 28%, so that after grinding we get modified foaming cement for glues,27. Dry mortars of the new generation for masonry, 28, are produced by dosing into the mixer, independently or in combination, oxide composition materials as additives, 1, with grains up to 1 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar. Finely ground composite 6, with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, is dosed into the mixer. The first fraction of river aggregate with a grain size of up to 4 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 40% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer, after which water is dosed into the mixer and the humidity is adjusted so that the mass of water is 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO,2, which is dosed with a mass corresponding to 0.01% to 25% of the volume of fresh mortar. Thus quicklime CaO,2, during the mixing of all the mentioned components turns into hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,3, after that, at the end, it is dosed into the mixer and modified cement of the new generation for mortars (26) with a mass corresponding to 5% to 50% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which we obtained a dry mixture of mortar of the new generation for masonry,28, to which only water for mechanical or manual masonry. For the production of dry mortars of the new generation for plastering, 29, there is a difference in relation to the mixture of mortar of the new generation for masonry, 28, that in this mortar of the new generation for plastering, 29, there is no fraction up to 4 mm. In the production of dry mixes of new generation glues, 30, modified cement of new generation for glues, 27 is used for gluing, which is dosed into the mixer and participates in the dry mix with a mass corresponding to up to 50% of the volume of the glue in its fresh state. As an addition with the role of aggregate and filler, dry finely ground composite ,6 is dosed into the mixer, which participates with a mass corresponding to up to 70% of the volume of the glue in its fresh state, so that after good mixing in the mixer, a dry mixture of new generation glues, ,30 is obtained, which has the properties of plasticity, foaming and good gluing and adhesion on the substrate, to which only water for the preparation of the glue is dosed at the construction site during the mixing phase. Dry light mortars of the new generation for plastering, 31, are produced so that oxide composition materials are dosed into the mixer, independently or in combination, as additives, 1, with grains up to 1 mm in size. Light aggregate ground polystyrene with granules up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to from 0.1% to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is also dosed into the mixer, and ground stalk of industrial hemp with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer, and ground cereal stalk with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar. It is dosed into the mixer and ground cane with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, and chopped wood in the form of sawdust with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer. Water with such an aqueous solution containing from 0.01% to 10% of aerant additives and up to 10% of detergent-based foaming additives is dosed into the mixer, the water also contains water glass Na2SiO3 with a mass of 0.01% to 10% of the mass

of water, the water also contains alkali KOH, 4, with a mass of up to 10% in relation to the mass of water and alkali NaOH, 5, with a mass of up to 10% in relation to the mass of water, so that the total humidity is adjusted so that the mass of water is equal to 32% of the mass of quicklime CaO, 2, which is dosed into the mixer with a mass corresponding to 0.01% to 35% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which quicklime CaO ,2, turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(3) which sticks to the previously dosed listed components, after that, it is finally dosed into the mixer and modified cement of the new generation for plasters ,26, with a mass that corresponds to 2% to 40% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which we got a light mortar of the new generation for plastering ,31, to which only the water needed for mechanical or manual application is added on the construction site during the mixing phase plastering. This patent addresses a separate patent claim where aggregates with multiple fractions of a special river granulometry are mixed with four fractions, 11, which has a first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fraction is a sub-fraction of finely ground composite, 6, with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm. The second part of the first fraction up to 4 mm there is a sub-fraction ,15, with a mass of up to 40% of the first fraction, with grains of 0.5 mm to 1 mm size, which consists of hard and solid material of oxide composition without water absorption or with water absorption up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials with minerals (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) as additions of magmatic origin both of sedimentary origin (sandstones) and of artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay. The last up to 36% of the first fraction with grain size up to 4mm as sub-fraction .10 would be with grains from 1mm to 4mm with well washed river aggregate or lake aggregate or crushed aggregate. So the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%. The second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%, so the third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 40%. The fourth fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has a share in the total mass of the aggregate up to 36%, so that after good mixing in the mixer we get a unique special four-fraction aggregate ,32, which is quickly measured during concrete production and thus represents an increase in the capacity of the mixer by 20%. It is very important to point out that in this way it is possible to more precisely determine the total humidity of the aggregates, that is, the mass of water around the aggregates, and for that mass of water, the water dosage during concrete production can be reduced. In a very similar way, the three-fraction aggregate with the planned excess fraction is measured when we get a unique special three-fraction aggregate, 33. Aggregates with several fractions of the special granulometry of the river with three fractions and the excess fraction ,12, which has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, which is the same as with the granulometry of the river with four fractions, 11, are mixed. So the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%. The second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%, and the third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 46%. Here, it is planned that in the total mass of the aggregate, the excessive fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has a share of up to 12%, so that after good mixing in the mixer, we get a unique special three-fraction aggregate, 33, which is quickly measured during concrete production in order to increase the capacity of the mixer. This patent offers a solution in the form of a patent claim where quicklime CaO,2, is slaked and chemically reacted exclusively with aqueous solutions of 0.1% to 30% dissolved, individual or combined, substances and materials, chemical compounds, salts, bases, acids, sulfates and hydroxides and turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,34. Modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,34, partially takes on the properties of dissolved substances of material, chemical compound, salt, base, acid, sulfate and hydroxide with the condition that water before dissolving the substances has a mass of 32% compared to the mass of quicklime CaO. After quenching, the resulting modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,34 should be left for at least one hour, after which the modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,34 is dosed into the mill with a mass of 0.1% to 100% for further grinding. Portland cement clinker with a mass of up to 90% is dosed into the mill, gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O with a mass of up to 8% is dosed into the mill, finely ground composite is also placed into the mill for grinding with a mass of up to 80%, 6. Ultra-finely ground composite ,8 is also put into the grinding mill with a weight of up to 80%, so that after grinding we get a modified hydraulic binder, ,35. One of the ways of realizing this innovation and the production of a new binder is that quicklime CaO (2) is slaked and chemically reacts exclusively with aqueous solutions of 0.1% to 10% CaCl<2>, Na2SO4, Na2SiO3, NaCl and turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,36, which partially takes on the properties of the dissolved substances of the material, with the condition that the water before dissolving the substances has a mass of 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO, 2. The thus modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,36 is aged for at least one hour, after which the thus modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>,36 is dosed into the mill with a mass of 0.1% to 100% for further grinding, portland cement clinker with a mass of up to 90% is dosed into the mill, gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O is dosed into the mill by mass up to 8%. Finely ground composite ,6 is put into the grinding mill with a mass of up to 80%, ultra finely ground composite ,8 is put into the grinding mill with a mass of up to 80%, so that after grinding we get a modified hydraulic binder, ,37. According to this patent and patent application, an increase in the durability of cements, adhesives, dry mixes of mortar and concrete is achieved in a way that today's packaging technology of the mentioned materials does not know and does not do. The extension of the shelf life of cement is achieved by at least 100% in the case of multi-layer sacks made of paper and polyethylene, an additional measure of protection of cement, adhesives and dry mixtures of mortar and concrete is such that in the space between the outer layer of paper and polyethylene and the inner layer of paper and polyethylene, depending on the size of the sack, there will be finely ground powder of quicklime CaO,2, with a grain size of up to 1 mm and a mass of 1 g to 10,000 g and finely ground powder from unbaked clay, 38, with a grain size of up to 1 mm and a weight of up to 10,000 g.

Method of industrial or other application of the invention

This invention can be applied in the industrial production of binders, cements, concrete, mortars and adhesives.

Claims (19)

1. Oxide composition materials of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, are produced according to this patent in a way that today's production technology of the mentioned materials does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that oxide composition materials of high hardness and strength, without water absorption or with low water absorption up to 20%, with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) of natural magmatic origin and natural sedimentary origin, i.e. sandstones and materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3), i.e. clinker baked clay, baked clay, slag, ash and expanded perlite, are oxide composition materials as additives (1), these materials are previously crushed in crushers if they are of larger grains, independently or in combination, for granulation with grains up to 16 mm and then they are mixed with a previously made powdery mixture in which, with water, an aqueous solution was previously made where the water, with a violent and rapid chemical reaction and release of heat, dissolved alkali KOH (4) with a mass of up to 20% and alkali NaOH (5) with a mass of up to 20% in relation to the mass of the mixture of dry components KOH (4), NaOH (5) and CaO (2), so that in that aqueous solution of water and alkali (4,5), doses quicklime CaO (2) with a weight from 0.01% to 100% of the weight of the mixture (2,4,5), and the mass of water in the aqueous solution is up to 32% in relation to the mass of CaO (2), after which rehydration occurs and the creation of modified hydrated lime Ca(OH<)2>(3) which is in an additional chemical relationship with the alkalis KOH (4) and NaOH (5), after which this powder mixture (3,4,5) with mass from 0.014% to 75%, mixed with oxide composition materials as additives (1) with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand with mass up to 99.986% and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) of natural magmatic origin with mass up to 99.986% and of natural sedimentary origin, which are sandstones with a mass of up to 99.986% and materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3), which are clinker baked clay with a mass of up to 99.986%, with baked clay with a mass of up to 99.986%, with slag with a mass of up to 99.986%, with ashes with mass up to 99.986% and with expanded perlite with a mass of up to 99.986%, after which such a mixture is ground in mills to a grain size smaller than 0.075 mm with a specific surface area of the grains greater than 4500 cm<2>/g, after which we obtain a finely ground composite (6) which is used as an additive in the production of cement, foamed cements, concrete, mortar and adhesives. 2. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, are used according to patent claim 1, characterized by the fact that the finely ground composite (6) is placed in a mill for additional grinding to a particle size of less than 0.0075 mm, after which we obtain an ultra-finely ground composite (8) with a specific surface area of grains greater than 9000 cm<2>/g, which is used as an additive in the production of cement, foamed cements, concrete, mortar and adhesives. 3. Materials with an oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the finely ground composite (6) is placed in a mill with a mass of 1% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker dosed with a mass of 5% to 98.99% and with gypsum stone with dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O which is dosed with a mass of up to 8% and with quicklime CaO (2) which is dosed with a mass of 0.01% to 20%, so that after grinding we get cement of the new generation (7) which has a specific surface of up to 7000 cm<2>/g, with the class of cement of the new generation (7) which would be 32.5 and 42.5. 4. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the ultra-finely ground composite (8) is placed in a mill with a mass of 1% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker dosed with a mass of 5% to 98.99% and with gypsum with stone dihydrate CaSO2·2H2O which is dosed with a mass of up to 8% and with quicklime CaO (2) which is dosed with a mass of 0.01% to 20%, so that after grinding we get a new generation ultra composite cement (9) which has a specific surface of up to 12000 cm<2>/g, with a new generation cement class (9) which would be 42.5 and 52.5. 5. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the ultra-finely ground binding composite (8) with a mass of 0.01% to 90% in relation to the mass of the standard cement used, is mixed with concrete components, with standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), in addition, CaO (2) with a mass of up to 30% in relation to the mass of the used standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) is mixed as an addition, so that it is all mixed with Ca(OH<)2>(3) with a mass of 0.01% to 30% in relation to the mass of the standard cement used (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), so it is mixed with aggregate fractions, special river granulometry with four fractions (11) which has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fraction is a sub-fraction of finely ground composite (6) with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm, so that up to 40 % of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, as a sub-fraction (15) with grains of 0.5 mm to 1 mm is a hard and solid material of oxide composition without water absorption or with water absorption up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials with minerals (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) as additions of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay, where the last up to 36% of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4mm would be subfraction (10) with grains from 1 mm to 4 mm with well-washed river aggregate or lake aggregate or crushed aggregate, so that the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregate up to 36%, so that the second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%, so that the third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 40%, so that the fourth fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%, where after mixing the mentioned components of concrete and water in the mixer, we would get concrete of the new generation (13) with a reduced consumption of the used standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) from 10% to 80%. 6. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1 and 2, indicated by the fact that ultra-finely ground binder composite 8, with a mass of 0.01% to 90% in relation to the mass of the standard cement used, is mixed with concrete components, with standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), in addition, CaO (2) with a mass of up to 30% in relation to the mass of the used standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) is mixed as an addition, so that it is all mixed with Ca(OH)<2>(3) with a mass of 0.01% to 30% in relation to the mass of the standard cement used (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), so it mixes with fractions of aggregates, special granulometry of the river with three fractions and an excess fraction (12) that has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fraction is a sub-fraction of finely ground composite (6) with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm, so that up to 40 % of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm (0/4 mm) as a sub-fraction with grains of 0.5 mm to 1 mm makes a hard and solid material of oxide composition as addition (15) without water absorption or with water absorption up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials with minerals (SiO<2>, Al<2>O<3>, Fe<2>O<3>) as additions of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay, where the last 36% of the first fraction with with a grain size of up to 4 mm as a sub-fraction (10) with grains from 1 mm to 4 mm with well-washed river aggregate or lake aggregate or crushed aggregate, so that the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total aggregate mass of up to 36%, so that the second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total aggregate mass of up to 32%, so that the third fraction with grains of 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates of up to 46%, so that the share by mass in the total mass of aggregates of the excessive fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has up to 12%, where after mixing the mentioned components of concrete and water in the mixer, you would get concrete of the new generation (14) with a reduction in the consumption of the used standard cement (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V) from 10% to 80%. 7. Materials with oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, are produced in a way that today's cement production technology does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that during the production of cement in mills with recipes for classic standard cements (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), quicklime CaO (2) with a mass of 0.01% to 20%, so that way we get winter modified standard classic cement CEM I (15), winter modified standard classic cement CEM II (16), winter modified standard classic cement CEM III (17), winter modified standard classic cement CEM IV (18), winter modified standard classic cement CEM V (19), which are intensively used in the concrete production phase in the period when temperatures are not high. 8. Materials with oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, are produced in a way that today's cement production technology does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that during the production of cement in mills with recipes for classic standard cements (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, CEM V), hydrated lime is dosed as an additive Ca(OH)<2>(3) with mass from 0.01% to 28%, so that way we get summer modified standard classic cement CEM I (20), summer modified standard classic cement CEM II (21), summer modified standard classic cement CEM III (22), summer modified standard classic cement CEM IV (23), summer modified standard classic cement CEM V (24), which are intensively used in the concrete production phase in the period when temperatures are high. 9. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claim 1 and in a way that today's cement production technology does not know and does not work, characterized by the fact that the finely ground composite (6) is placed in a mill with a mass of 10% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker that is dosed with a mass of 5% up to 80% and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O dosed with a mass of up to 8%, quicklime CaO (2) with a mass of 0.01% to 40% with prior treatment with water up to 32% in relation to the mass of CaO (2) and with such an aqueous solution containing from 0.01% to 10% of aerant additives and up to 10% of additives foaming agent based on detergents is mixed and extinguishes CaO (2) which turns into modified foaming Ca(OH)<2> (25) which is dosed into the mill with a mass of 0.014% to 56%, so that after grinding we get a modified foaming cement for plasters (26) which in contact with water has the properties of plasticity, foaming and good sticking and adhesion to the substrate. 10. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1.9 and in a way that today's cement production technology does not know and does not work, characterized by the fact that the ultra-finely ground composite (8) is placed in a mill with a mass of 10% to 95%, for further grinding with Portland cement clinker that is dosed with the mass from 5% to 80% and with gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4x2H2O dosed with a mass of up to 8%, quicklime CaO (2) with a mass of 0.01% to 20% with prior treatment with water up to 32% in relation to the mass of CaO (2) and with such an aqueous solution containing from 0.01% to 10% of aerant additives and up to 10% based foaming additive of detergents is mixed and extinguished CaO (2) which turns into modified foaming Ca(OH)<2> (25) which is dosed into the mill from glue (27). 11. Oxide composition materials of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1.9 and in a way that today's technology for the production of dry mortars for masonry does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that for the production of dry mortars of the new generation for masonry (28) it is produced by dosing materials of oxide composition into the mixer, independently or in combination as additives (1) with grains size up to 1 mm, high hardness and strength, without water absorption or with low water absorption up to 9%, with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) of natural magmatic origin and natural sedimentary origin, namely sandstones and materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) and that is baked clay clinker, baked clay, slag and ash, with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, finely ground composite (6) with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer, and the first fraction of river aggregate with a grain size of up to 4 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 40% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer, after which water is dosed into the mixer and adjusts the humidity so that the mass of water is 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO (2) which is dosed with a mass corresponding to 0.01% to 25% of the volume of fresh mortar, so that quicklime CaO (2) during the mixing of all the above components changes into hydrated lime Ca(OH<)2>(3), after that, it is finally dosed into the mixer and modified cement of the new generation for mortars (26) with a mass corresponding to 5% up to 50% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which we received a dry mix of the new generation mortar for masonry (28) to which only water for mechanical or manual masonry is dosed at the construction site during the mixing phase. 12. Oxide composition materials of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1.9 and in a way that today's technology for the production of dry mortars for plastering does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that for the production of dry mortars of the new generation for plastering (29) by dosing into the mixer, materials of oxide composition as additives (1) with grains up to 1 mm in size, high hardness and strength, without water absorption or with low water absorption up to 9%, with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) of natural magmatic origin and natural sedimentary origin, namely sandstones and materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) and that are baked clay clinker, baked clay, slag and ash, with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, a finely ground composite (6) is dosed into the mixer with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which water is dosed into the mixer and the humidity is adjusted so that the mass of water is 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO (2) which is dosed with a mass corresponding to 0.01% up to 25% of the volume of fresh mortar, so that quicklime CaO (2) turns into hydrated lime during the mixing of all the above-mentioned components Ca(OH)<2>(3), after that, is finally dosed into the mixer and modified cement of the new generation for mortars (26) with a mass corresponding to 5% to 30% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which we obtained a dry mixture of mortar of the new generation for masonry (29) to which only water for mechanical or manual plastering is dosed at the construction site during the mixing phase. 13. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1, 10 and in a way that today's adhesive production technology does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that for the production of ready-made dry mixes of new generation adhesives (30) for gluing, modified cement of the new generation for adhesives (27) is used for gluing, which participates in the dry mixture with a mass corresponding to 50% of the volume of the glue in its fresh state, and as an addition with the role of aggregate and filler, a dry finely ground composite (6) is dosed into the mixer, which participates with a mass corresponding to 70% of the volume of the glue in its fresh state, so that after good mixing in the mixer, a dry mixture of new generation glues (30) is obtained, which has the properties of plasticity, foaming and good sticking and adhesion on the substrate, to which only water for preparation is dosed at the construction site during the mixing phase glues. 14. Oxide composition materials of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claims 1.9 and in a way that today's technology for the production of dry light mortars for plastering does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that for the production of dry light mortars of the new generation for plastering (31) it is produced in such a way that oxide composition materials are dosed into the mixer, independently or in combination additives (1) with grains up to 1 mm in size, high hardness and strength, without water absorption or with low water absorption up to 9%, with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials as additives with various minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al<2>O<3>, Fe<2>O<3>) of natural magmatic origin and natural sedimentary origin, namely sandstones and materials of artificial origin with minerals and oxides (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) and these are baked clay clinker, baked clay, slag and ash, with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, and CaCO<3> ground as a powder with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm and with a mass corresponding to up to 50% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer and expanded perlite with with a grain size of up to 1 mm and a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, light aggregate ground polystyrene with granules up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to from 0.1% to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer and ground industrial hemp stalk with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer and milled grain stalk with granule size up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer and ground cane with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar is dosed into the mixer and chopped wood in the form of sawdust with a granule size of up to 5 mm with a mass corresponding to up to 80% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which water with such an aqueous solution is dosed into the mixer in which there is water glass Na2SiO3 with a mass of 0.01% to 10% of the mass of water, the water also contains alkali KOH (4) with a mass of up to 10% in relation to the mass of water and alkali NaOH (5) with a mass of up to 10% in relation to the mass of water, so that the total humidity is adjusted so that the mass of water is equal to 32% of the mass of quicklime CaO (2) which is dosed into the mixer with a mass corresponding to 0.01% to 35% volume of fresh mortar, after which the quicklime CaO (2) turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(3) which sticks to the previously dosed listed components, after that, it is finally dosed into the mixer and modified cement of the new generation for plasters (26) with a mass corresponding to 2% to 40% of the volume of fresh mortar, after which we obtained a light mortar of the new generation for plastering (31) which is added at the construction site during the mixing phase only the water required for mechanical or manual plastering. 15. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claim 5 and in a way that today's technology of aggregate production does not know and does not work, indicated by mixing aggregates with several fractions of a special granulometry of the river with four fractions (11) which has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fraction is a sub-fraction of fine ground composite (6) with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm, so that up to 40% of the first fraction up to 4 mm there is a sub-fraction (15) with grains of 0.5 mm to 1 mm size, which consists of hard and solid material of oxide composition without water absorption or with water absorption up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz sand and materials with minerals (SiO<2>, Al2O3, Fe2O3) as additives of magmatic origin and sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay, where the last up to 36% of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm as a sub-fraction (10) would be with grains from 1 mm to 4 mm with well-washed river aggregate or lake aggregate or crushed aggregate, so that the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has a share in the total aggregate mass of up to 36%, so that the second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%, so that the third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 40%, so that the fourth fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%, so that after good mixing in the mixer we get a unique special four-fraction aggregate (32) which is measures quickly in the production of concrete. 16. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claim 6 and in a way that today's aggregate production technology does not know and does not work, characterized by mixing aggregates with several fractions of a special granulometry of the river with three fractions and an excess fraction (12) that has the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm, where up to 30% of this fractions consist of a sub-fraction of finely ground composite (6) with a grain size of up to 0.075 mm, so that up to 40 % of the first fraction with a grain size of up to 4 mm as a sub-fraction (15) with grains of a size of 0.5 mm to 1 mm constitutes a hard and solid material of oxide composition without water absorption or with water absorption of up to 1.5% with quartz minerals (SiO<2>) such as quartz pesa mater ma with m nerac ma<2>,<2 3>, Fe2 3ao o acma magmats og pore a of sedimentary origin (sandstones) and artificial origin: baked clay clinker and baked clay, where the last up to 36% of the first fraction with grain size up to 4 mm as sub-fraction (10) would be with grains from 1 mm to 4 mm with well-washed river aggregate or lake aggregate or crushed aggregate, so that the first fraction with grains up to 4 mm has participation in the total mass of aggregates up to 36%, so that the second fraction with grains from 4 mm to 8 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 32%, so that the third fraction with grains from 8 mm to 16 mm has a share in the total mass of aggregates up to 46%, so that the participation by mass in the total mass of aggregates the excessive fraction with grains from 16 mm to 32 mm has up to 12%, so that after good mixing in mixer, we get a unique special three-fraction aggregate (33) which is quickly measured during concrete production. 17. Materials with oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claim 1,2 and in a way that today's binder and cement production technology does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that quicklime CaO (2) is slaked and chemically reacts exclusively with aqueous solutions from 0.1% to 30% of dissolved, individual or combined, substances and materials, chemical compounds, salts, bases, acids, sulfates and hydroxides and turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(34) which partially takes on the properties of the dissolved substances of the material, chemical compound, salt, base, acid, sulfate and hydroxide, with the condition that the water before dissolving the substances has a mass of 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO, after which the modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(34) obtained must be aged for at least one hour after which modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(34) is dosed into the mill with a mass of 0.1% to 100% for further grinding, Portland cement clinker with a mass of up to 90% is dosed into the mill, gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO<4>·2H<2>O with a mass of up to 8% is dosed into the mill, finely ground composite (6) is also placed into the mill for grinding with a mass of up to 80%, in ultra-finely ground composite (8) is also put into the grinding mill with a mass of up to 80%, so that after grinding we get a modified hydraulic binder (35). 18. Materials with oxide composition of high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to patent claim 1,2,17 and in a way that today's binder and cement production technology does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that quicklime CaO (2) is slaked and chemically reacts exclusively with aqueous solutions of 0.1% to 10% CaCl<2>, Na2SO4, Na<2>SiO<3>, NaCl and turns into modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(36) which partially takes on the properties of the dissolved substances of the material, with the condition that the water before dissolving the substances has a mass of 32% in relation to the mass of quicklime CaO (2), after which the modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(36) is aged for at least one hour, after which the modified hydrated lime Ca(OH)<2>(36) dosed into the mill with mass from 0.1% to 100% for further grinding, Portland cement clinker with a mass of up to 90% is dosed into the mill, gypsum stone dihydrate CaSO4·-2H2O with a mass of up to 8% is dosed into the mill, finely ground composite (6) is placed into the grinding mill with a mass of up to 80%, ultra finely ground composite is also placed into the grinding mill with a mass of up to 80% (8), so that after grinding we get a modified hydraulic binder (37). 19. Materials of oxide composition with high hardness and mechanical characteristics, as additives in the production of cements, foamed cements, concrete and adhesives, according to this patent and patent application, an increase in the durability of cements, adhesives, dry mixes of mortar and concrete is achieved in a way that today's packaging technology of the mentioned materials does not know and does not work, indicated by the fact that the extension of the shelf life of cements is achieved by at least 100% in a way that with multi-layer paper bags and polyethylene, an additional measure of protection of cements, adhesives and dry mixtures of mortar and concrete is such that in the space between the outer layer of paper and polyethylene and the inner layer of paper and polyethylene, depending on the size of the bag, there will be finely ground powder of quicklime CaO (2) with a grain size of up to 1 mm and a mass of 1g to 10000 g and finely ground powder of unbaked clay (38) with a grain size of up to 1 mm and with mass up to 10000 years.