PT98919A - METHOD FOR OBTAINING AN ANALGESIC AND / OR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT INTENSIFIED IN A HUMAN OR ANIMAL OF SMALL PORTE BEHIND THE ADMINISTRATION OF A COMPOSITION COMPOSING A CARBOXYLIC ACID AND ONE OR MORE SYPATHOMYTIC AMINES - Google Patents
METHOD FOR OBTAINING AN ANALGESIC AND / OR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT INTENSIFIED IN A HUMAN OR ANIMAL OF SMALL PORTE BEHIND THE ADMINISTRATION OF A COMPOSITION COMPOSING A CARBOXYLIC ACID AND ONE OR MORE SYPATHOMYTIC AMINES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PT98919A PT98919A PT98919A PT9891991A PT98919A PT 98919 A PT98919 A PT 98919A PT 98919 A PT98919 A PT 98919A PT 9891991 A PT9891991 A PT 9891991A PT 98919 A PT98919 A PT 98919A
- Authority
- PT
- Portugal
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- human
- acceptable salts
- analgesic
- Prior art date
Links
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 43
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- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003612 morphinomimetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940066491 mucolytics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004081 narcotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001428 peripheral nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003893 phenacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002895 phenylbutazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZRPKIZLIFYYKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyltoloxamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 IZRPKIZLIFYYKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003236 psychic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002052 salbutamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004415 tendinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001128 triprolidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CBEQULMOCCWAQT-WOJGMQOQSA-N triprolidine Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(\C=1N=CC=CC=1)=C/CN1CCCC1 CBEQULMOCCWAQT-WOJGMQOQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPFJYKARVSSRHE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O XPFJYKARVSSRHE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000008728 vascular permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000009935 visceral pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Pyrane Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
1 5 101 5 10
1515
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90J08 20 I 25 30 63.801 Case: 4235Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90J08 20 I 25 30 63,801 Case: 4235
\\
Campo Técnico A presente invenção refere-se a um método destinado a proporcionar um efeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflama-tório intensificado mediante a administração de uma quantidade segura e eficaz de uma composição que compreende um deriva do de naftaleno juntanente com uma amina simnatomimética.Technical Field The present invention relates to a method for providing an enhanced analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect by administering a safe and effective amount of a composition comprising a naphthalene derivative together with a simnatomimetic amine .
Enquadramento Geral da Invenção / A inflamação, ou a "resDOsta inflamatória", é o resultado de acontecimentos fisiológicos complexos interligados que incluem o aumento da permeabilidade vasctilar , as acumulações de fluídos e a migração de uma ponulação de células inflamatórias em mutação para a área inflamada. As manifestações clínicas da inflamação incluem inchamento (edema), aumento da temperatura local, eritema e dor. A resposta infla matória pode ser desencadeada por qualquer um de uma série de factores causadores, incluindo certas bactérias, radiação, hiper-sensibilidade a agentes químicos, condições semelhantes -a artrites , e factores análogos. A resposta inflamatória é geralmante considerada como um mecanismo de defesa nrimária do organismo, mas, quando não controlada, pode tornar-se excessiva e resultar em diminuição funcional. 0 emprego de fármacos anti-inflamatórios não esteróides, antipiréticos e analgésicos, esnecialmente os sa-licilatos que incluem a aspirina e os derivados da aspirina, para combater a inflamação e a dòr correspondente constitui uma prática médica geralmente aceite. Os não esteróides são normalmente utilizados para aliviar a dor e a inflamação asso ciadas, por exemplo, com a bursite, a artrite e semelhantes. Apesar de a dor não ser possível de uma defi- 35 1 5General Background of the Invention Inflammation, or "inflammatory response", is the result of complex interrelated physiological events that include increased vascular permeability, fluid accumulations, and migration of a mutated inflammatory cell pool into the area inflamed. Clinical manifestations of inflammation include swelling (edema), increased local temperature, erythema, and pain. The inflammatory response can be triggered by any of a number of causative factors, including certain bacteria, radiation, hypersensitivity to chemical agents, arthritis-like conditions, and the like. The inflammatory response is generally regarded as a mechanism of nourishing defense of the organism, but when uncontrolled it can become excessive and result in functional decrease. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretics and analgesics, in particular salicylates including aspirin and aspirin derivatives, to combat inflammation and the corresponding pain is a generally accepted medical practice. Non-steroids are commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammation associated, for example, with bursitis, arthritis and the like. Although the pain is not possible
10 J 1510 J 15
Mod. 71 · 20.000 ex. - 90/08 20Mod. 71 · 20,000 ex. - 90/08 20
30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
nição precisa devido à sua natureza basicamente siibjectiva, pode geralmente dizer-se que o termo se refere a sensações de mau-estar ou sofrimento provocadas pela estimulação de ter minações nervosas especializadas. Tam-se desenvolvido uma grande variedade de fármacos com vista a reduzir a dor no homem e nos outros animais; alguns visam a eliminação da dor na sua origem e outros destinam-se a bloquear a sensação de dor pelo cérebro. De entre este último grtipo de fármacos concebidos para bloquear a sensação de dor, encontram-se os analgésicos, que geralmente eliminam a dor sem provocar inconsciência. Os analgésicos podem ainda classificar-se em duas categorias principais: os analgésicos opióides, incluindo morfina, codeína, levorfanol e los analgésicos semelhantes a morfina como merperidina e metadona; e os analgésicos antipiréticos, tais como aspirina, tbuprofen, fenacetina, acetami nofeno, fenil-butazona e iudometacina. Muito embora a acção farmacológica exacta destes analgésicos seja incerta, há certos efeitos que distinguem facilmente os analgésicos opióides dos antipiréticos. Especialmente, os agentes antipiréticos são analgésicos fracos, produzindo-se a maior parte do seu efeito sobre o sistema nervoso periférico , pelo qua, geralmente não ocorrem alterações de comportamento. Em geral, estes agentes analgésicos aliviam apenas a dor originária dos músculos, articulações, tendões e faseias, e são ineficazes contra dores viscerais profundas. No entanto, os agentes analgésicos opióides são muito eficazes contra todos os tipos de dor, com acção de largo espectro sobre o sistema nervoso central. Para além de uma analgesia potente, os opióides, também conhecidos conc narcóticos, têm, frequentemente, efeitos sobre o humor e produzem outras alterações de comportamento. Talvez o efeito se- -V Λ. f cundário mais notável dos analgésicos opióides seja o facto de o seu emprego repetido estar associado com a tolerância, assim como com .a :dependêncía física e psíquica. 0 naproxen (ácido (+)-2-(6alfa-metoxi-naftil)--propiónico), um fármaco antl-inflamatório não esteróides 2 35 1 5because of its basically subjective nature, it can often be said that the term refers to feelings of malaise or suffering caused by the stimulation of specialized nervous disorders. A wide variety of drugs have been developed to reduce pain in man and other animals; some are aimed at eliminating pain at its source and others are intended to block the sensation of pain in the brain. Among the latter type of drugs designed to block the sensation of pain, are analgesics, which usually eliminate pain without causing unconsciousness. Analgesics can also be classified into two main categories: opioid analgesics, including morphine, codeine, levorphanol and morphine-like analgesics such as merperidine and methadone; and antipyretic analgesics, such as aspirin, tbuprofen, phenacetin, acetami-naphthene, phenyl-butazone and iudometacin. Although the exact pharmacological action of these analgesics is uncertain, there are certain effects that readily distinguish opioid analgesics from antipyretics. Especially, antipyretic agents are weak analgesics, producing most of their effect on the peripheral nervous system, therefore, behavioral changes generally do not occur. In general, these analgesic agents only relieve pain originating in muscles, joints, tendons, and chases, and are ineffective against deep visceral pain. However, opioid analgesic agents are very effective against all types of pain, with broad-spectrum action on the central nervous system. In addition to potent analgesia, opioids, also known as narcotics, often have mood effects and produce other behavioral changes. Maybe the se-V efeito effect. The most notable finding of opioid analgesics is that their repeated use is associated with tolerance, as well as with: a. physical and psychic dependence. Naproxen (+) - 2- (6alpha-methoxy-naphthyl) -propionic acid), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
10 J 1510 J 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. 20
25 30 63.801 Case: 423525 30 63,801 Case: 4235
(NSAID) tornou-se disponível nos Estados Unidos da América em 1976,d destinando-se ao tratamento da artrite reumática. 0 naproxen tem sido ainda indicado para a osteoartrite, tendi-nite e bursite, espondilite anquilosante e gota aguda. Outras indicações incluem dor suave a moderada e dismenorreia primária . 0 naproxen demonstrou também ter efeitos adversos menos graves sobre o sistema gastrintestinal e sobre o sistema nervoso central do que a aspirina. A utilização do naproxen, assim como dos agentes anti-inflamatórios não ester6id.es mais recentes (isto é, excluindo a aspirina , õ acetaminofeno e a fenacitina ) na preparação de composições farmacêuticas para o tratamento de tos se/constipaç-ê©; contendo aminas simpatomiméticas, é referida, por exemplo , na Patente de Invenção Norte-Americana Número 4 552 899, concedida a Sunsbine e col. em 12 de Novembro de 1985. Surpreendentemente, o requerente do presente pedido de patente descobriu que composições seleccionadas compreendendo certos derivados do naftaleno em combinação com aminas simpatomiméticas proporcionam um efeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflamatório melhorado.(NSAIDs) became available in the United States of America in 1976, and is intended for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Naproxen has also been indicated for osteoarthritis, tendonitis and bursitis, ankylosing spondylitis and acute gout. Other indications include mild to moderate pain and primary dysmenorrhea. Naproxen has also been shown to have less severe adverse effects on the gastrointestinal and central nervous system than aspirin. The use of naproxen, as well as the more recent non-sterile anti-inflammatory agents (i.e., excluding aspirin, β-acetaminophen and phenacitine) in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of coughs and / or constipation; containing sympathomimetic amines, is referred to, for example, in U.S. Patent 4,555,899, issued to Sunsbine et al. on November 12, 1985. Surprisingly, the inventors of the present application have discovered that selected compositions comprising certain naphthalene derivatives in combination with sympathomimetic amines provide an improved analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect.
Sumário da Invenção A presente invenção refere-se a um método para a obtenção de uma resposta analgésica longa e reforçada em seres humanos ou em animais de peqiieno porte que necessitam desse tratamento, método que compreende a administração ao ser humano ou ao animal inferior de uma quantidade segura e .diicaz de uma composição que integra: a)Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a long and enhanced analgesic response in humans or small sized animals in need of such treatment, which method comprises administering to the human or lower animal a safe and reliable amount of a composition that comprises: a)
3 (I) 35 1 13 (I) 35 1 1
\ 63.801 Case: 4235 5\ 63.801 Case: 4235
10 J 1510 J 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20 na qual R^ é um radical alquilo com até seis átomos de carbono, ci- cloalquilo com entre três e sete átomos de carbono, alcoxime- tilo com até sete átomos de carbono, trifluormetilo, vinilo, etinilo, halogenoalcoxi (en que o halogéneo é iodo, bromo, cloro ou fluor), com até seis átomos de carbono, difluormeto- xi, alcoximetoxi com até sete átomos de carbono, alquiltiome- tiloxi com até sete átomos de carbono, alquiltio com até seis átomos de carbono, alcoximetiltio com até sete átomos de carbono, cianodifluornetiltio, fenilo ou fenilo substituído por alquilo con até oito átomos de carbono; um dos símbolos 2""' e R é hidrogéniosendo o outro símbolo metilo, etilo ou 9 3 L, , lifluormetilo, ou R'" e R em conjunto são metileno; e R e iidrogénio, alquilo com até vinte e dois átomos de carbono, alquilo não satairado tendo até vinte e dois átomos de catbo- ao, cicloalquilo com três a sete átomos de carbono, cicloal- juilmetilo tendo três a sete átomos de carbono, cicloalquil- netilo com entre quatro e nove átomos de carbono, 2-cicloal- juiletilo com cinco a dez átomos de carbono, 3-ciclopentilet_i Lo com cinco a dez átomos de carbono, 3-ciclopentilpropilo, 3-ciclo-haxilpropilo, benzilo, 2-feniletilo oti 3-fenilpropi- Lo; eMod. 71-20,000 ex. Wherein R4 is an alkyl radical of up to six carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having three to seven carbon atoms, alkoxymethyl having up to seven carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, haloalkoxy (wherein the halogen is iodo, bromo, chloro or fluoro), up to six carbon atoms, difluoromethoxy, alkoxymethoxy having up to seven carbon atoms, alkylthiomethoxy having up to seven carbon atoms, alkylthio having up to six carbon atoms, alkoxymethylthio having up to seven carbon atoms, cyanodifluoromethylthio, phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl having up to eight carbon atoms; one of the symbols 2 " " ' and R is hydrogenating the other methyl, ethyl or fluoro, or cyclohexyl, or R " and R together are methylene; and R is hydrogen, alkyl of up to twenty-two carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkyl having up to twenty-two carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having three to seven carbon atoms, cycloalkylmethyl having three to seven carbon atoms, alkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, benzyl, 2-cyclohexylpropyl, phenylethyl 3-phenylpropyl; and
25 30 ®) desde cerca de 5 a cerca de 90® de uma oai mais aminas simpatomiméticas.From about 5 to about 90% of one more sympathomimetic amines.
Todas as percentagens e proporções utilizadas na oresente memória descritiva são em peso, a não ser que se indique de outra forma.All percentages and proportions used in the present specification are by weight, unless otherwise noted.
Descrição Pormenorizada da Invenção A presente invenção refere-se a tim método para a obtenção de uma resposta analgésica longa e reforçada num ser íumano ou num animal inferior necessitados deste tratamento, 9 qual compreende a administração ao ser humano ou ao animal Inferior de uma quantidade segura e eficaz de uma composição pie integra um derivado de naftalsno, preferivelmente um* de ri vado de ácido 2-(6*-suhstituído-2*-naftil)-acético e seus - 4 - 35 1 5 63.SOI Case: 4235 saisDetailed Description of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a long and enhanced analgesic response in an animal or an inferior animal in need of such treatment, which comprises administering to the human or the lower animal a safe amount and an effective amount of a composition comprising a naphthalene derivative, preferably a salt of 2- (6S-substituted-2-naphthyl) -acetic acid and its salts
e ésteres conjuntamente com uma anina simpatominética.and esters together with a sympathomimetic antin.
Os derivados de naftaleno da presente invenção são os ácidos carboxílicos e os ésteres de ácido carboxí licos representados pela fórmula seguinte, e os sais farma-ceuticamente aceitáveis dos ácidos carboxílicos representados pela seguinte fórmula:The naphthalene derivatives of the present invention are the carboxylic acids and the carboxylic acid esters represented by the following formula and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the carboxylic acids represented by the following formula:
1515
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. 20
30 na qual Ps1 é um radical alquilo tendo até seis átomos de carbono, cicloalquilo com entre três e sete átomos de carbono, alco-xi-netilo tendo até sete átomos de carbono, trifluormetilo, vinilo, etinilo, halogeno-alcoxi tendo até seis átomos de carbono (em que o halogéneo é iodo, bromo, cloro ou flúor), diflúor-metoxi, alcoxi-metoxi tendo até sete átomos de carbono, alquiltiometiloxi com até sete átomos de carbono, al-quiltio tendo até seis átomos de carbono, alcoxi-metiltio com até sete átomos de carbono, ciano-difluormetiltio, feni-lo ou feuilo substituído por alquilo tendo até oito átomos de carbono; um dos símbolos R e R é hidrogénio , enquanto que o outro é metilo, etilo ou difluormetilo, ou R" e R em cnjunto são metileno; é hidrogénio, alquilo com até vinte e dois átomos de carbono, alquilo não saturado com até vinte e dois átomos de carbono, cilcoalquilo tendo três a sete átomos de carbono, cicloalqxiilmetilo tendo entre três a sete átomos de carbono, cicloalquilmetilo tendo entre quatro a nove átomos de carbono, 2-cicloalquiletilo com entre cinco e dez átomos de carbono, 3-ciclopentil-etilo com entre cinco e dez átomos de carbono, 3-ciclopeutilpropilo, 3-ciclo -hexilpropilo, bsnzilo, 2-feniletilo ou 3-fenilpropilo. 5 35 63.801 Case: 4235In which Ps1 is an alkyl radical having up to six carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having three to seven carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl having up to seven carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, haloalkoxy having up to six atoms (wherein the halogen is iodo, bromo, chloro or fluoro), difluoromethoxy, alkoxymethoxy having up to seven carbon atoms, alkylthiomethyloxy of up to seven carbon atoms, allylthio having up to six carbon atoms, -methylthio having up to seven carbon atoms, cyano-difluoromethylthio, phenyl or alkyl substituted feuyl having up to eight carbon atoms; one of R and R is hydrogen, while the other is methyl, ethyl or difluoromethyl, or R " and R 4 are methylene; is hydrogen, alkyl of up to twenty-two carbon atoms, unsaturated alkyl having up to twenty-two carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having three to seven carbon atoms, cycloalkyloxymethyl having from three to seven carbon atoms, cycloalkylmethyl having from four to nine carbon atoms, 2-cycloalkylethyl of 5 to 10 carbon atoms, 3-cyclopentyl ethyl of from 5 to 10 carbon atoms, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, 3-cyclohexylpropyl, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl or 3-phenylpropyl. 5,35 63,801 Case: 4235
10 I 1510 I 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90/08 20 3 25 30Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90/08 20 3 25 30
Preferivelmente, o subs ti tilinte na posição 1 - * 6’ (representado por R na fórmula acima representada ) é me tilo, etilo, isopropilo, ciclopropilo, trifluormetilo, vini-lo, etinilo, flúor, cloro, metoxi, etoxi, metoximetilóxi, diflúor-metoxi, metiltio, etiltio, metoximetiltio, diflúor--metiltio ou fenilo; um dos símbolos RJ e R é hidrogénio e o outro á metilo; e é hidrogénio, metilo, etilo, propilo, isopropilo, butilo,pentilo, isopentilo, hexilo, 2-hexilo, iso-hexilo, heptilo, iso-beptilo, octilo, iso-octilo, noni-lo, isononilo, decilo, isodecilo, undecilo, dodecilo, tride-cilo, tetradecilo, pentadecilo, hexadecilo , ciclopentilo ou ciclo-hexilo. 0 termo "alquilo" refere-se e inclui radicais de hidrocarbonetos de cadeia ramificada e linear. Os grupos alquilo típicos incluem metilo, etilo, propilo, isopropilo, butilo, butilo terciário, neopentilo, isopentilo, hexilo, octilo, nonilo, isodec.ilo, 6-metildecilo, tridecilo, isote-tradecilo, pentadecilo, iso-hexadecilo, heptadecilo, icosi-lo, docosilo e semelhantes. A expressão "alquilo não saturado" refere-se a grupos derivados de hidrocarbonetos não saturados, tais como vinilo, alilo, propenilo, crotilo, iso-propenilo, 2-propinilo, 1-propenilo 2-butenilo, 1,3-butadie-nilo, 2-pentenilo, 2-penten-4-inilo e semelhantes. 0 termo "cicloalquilo" refere-se a grupos derivados de hidrocarbonetos cíclicos , tais como ciclopropilo, ciclobutilo, ciclopentilo, ciclo-hexilo e ciclo-heptilo. 0 termo "alcoxi" refere-se a grupos de éter de alquilo de cadeia linear ou ramificada, tais como metoxi, etoxi, 2-propoxi, butoxi, 3-pentoxi e semelhantes. 0 termo "alcoximetiloxi" refere-se a grupos de éter metílico substituído por um grupo alcoxi (como se definiu acima), tais como metoximetiloxi, etoximetiloxi, isopropoximetiloxi e semelhantes. 0 termo "alquiltio" refere-se a grupos de al-quiltio-étsr de cadeia linear ou ramificada, tais como me- 35 1 5Preferably, the substituent at the 1-6 position (represented by R in the above-represented formula) is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, fluoro, chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxymethyl, difluoro-methoxy, methylthio, ethylthio, methoxymethylthio, difluoromethylthio or phenyl; one of R1 and R2 is hydrogen and the other is methyl; and is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, 2-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, iso-butyl, octyl, isooctyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl, isodecyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. The term " alkyl " refers to and includes branched and straight chain hydrocarbon radicals. Typical alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tertiary butyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, octyl, nonyl, isodecyl, 6-methyldecyl, tridecyl, isotracaryl, pentadecyl, isohexadecyl, heptadecyl, icosi lo, docosyl and the like. The term " unsaturated alkyl " refers to groups derived from unsaturated hydrocarbons such as vinyl, allyl, propenyl, crotyl, iso-propenyl, 2-propynyl, 1-propenyl 2-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, 2-pentenyl, 2- penten-4-ynyl and the like. The term " cycloalkyl " refers to groups derived from cyclic hydrocarbons, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl. The term " alkoxy " refers to straight or branched chain alkyl ether groups, such as methoxy, ethoxy, 2-propoxy, butoxy, 3-pentoxy, and the like. The term " alkoxymethyloxy " refers to methyl ether groups substituted by an alkoxy group (as defined above), such as methoxymethyloxy, ethoxymethyloxy, isopropoxymethyloxy and the like. The term " alkylthio " refers to straight or branched chain alkyl-isothi groups, such as methyl
1515
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90/08Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90/08
30 63.301 Case: 423530 63,301 Case: 4235
tíltiOj etiltio, propiltio, 2-Dropiltio, 2-butilo, pentilo, 2-hexiltio e semelhantes. 0 termo "alquiltiometAldxiPtefere-se a grupos de éter de metilo substituído por ura grupo alquiltio (como Se definiu acima), tais como metiltiometiloxi, 2-propiltiome-tloxi, pentiltioraetiloxi e semelhantes. 0 termo "alquiltiometiltio", tal como é utilizado na presente memória descritiva, refere-se a grupos de mstil-tio-éter substituídos por um grupo alquiltio, tais como me-tiltiometiltio, etiltiometiltio e semelhantes. 0 termo "alcoximetiltio" refere-se a gruoos de m£ tiltil-éter substituído por um grupo alcoxi, tais como me-toximetiltio, stoximetiltio, 2-propoxiiaetiltio e semelhantes . 0 termo "arilo" refere-se a fenilo ou a derivados de fenilo substituído por alquilo na posição orto, meta e/ot para, tais como fenilo, o-tolilo, m-tolilo, p-tolilo, o-eti] fenilo, m-etilfenilo, p-etilfenilo, xililo e semelhantes. 0 termo "cicloalquiloetilo" refere-se a grupos ne-tilo substituídos por cicloalquilo, tais como ciclopropilme^ tilo, ciclobutilmetilo, ciclopentilnetilo, ciclo-hexilmeti-lo, ciclo-heptilmetilo e semelhantes. 0 termo "2-cicloalquiletilo" refere-se a um grupo atilo substituído na posição 2 por um grupo cicloalquilo, tal como 2-ciclopropiletilo, 2-ciclobutiletilo, 2-ciclopen-tileti.lo, 2-ciclo-hexiletilo e 2-ciclo-haptiletilo. 0 composto mais preferido usado na presente invenção é o ácido ( + )-2-{6alfa-nistoxL-2-naftil)-propiónico e seus sais e ésteres. A expressão "sais farmaceuticamente aceitáveis" refere-se a sais preparados a partir de bases não tóxicas farmaceuticamente aceitáveis que incluem bases inorgânicas e bases orgânicas. Os sais derivados de bases não orgâncias incluem os sais de sódio, potássio, lítio, amónio, cálcio, magnésio, ferrosos, de zinco, manganosos , de alumínio, fér-ricos, manganicos e semelhantes. Os sais derivados de bases 7 35 1 5propylthio, 2-D-pentylthio, 2-butyl, pentyl, 2-hexylthio and the like. The term " alkylthiomethyldiP "refers to methyl ether groups substituted by an alkylthio group (as defined above), such as methylthiethyloxy, 2-propylthiomethylloxy, pentylthioureloxy and the like. The term " alkylthiomethylthio ", as used herein, refers to methylthioether groups substituted by an alkylthio group, such as methylthiomethylthio, ethylthiomethylthio and the like. The term " alkoxymethylthio " refers to groups of methyl ethyl ether substituted by an alkoxy group, such as methoxymethylthio, stoxymethylthio, 2-propoxyethylethylthio and the like. The term " aryl " refers to phenyl or to alkyl substituted phenyl derivatives in the ortho, meta and / or the para position, such as phenyl, o-tolyl, m-tolyl, p-tolyl, o-ethylphenyl, m-ethylphenyl, p ethylphenyl, xylyl and the like. The term " cycloalkyl ethyl " refers to cycloalkyl-substituted naphthyl groups such as cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cycloheptylmethyl and the like. The term " 2-cycloalkylethyl " refers to an ethyl group substituted at the 2-position by a cycloalkyl group, such as 2-cyclopropylethyl, 2-cyclobutylethyl, 2-cyclopentylethyl, 2-cyclohexylethyl and 2-cycloheptylthyl. The most preferred compound used in the present invention is (+) - 2- (6alpha-nistoxyl-2-naphthyl) -propionic acid and its salts and esters. The term " pharmaceutically acceptable salts " refers to salts prepared from non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable bases including inorganic bases and organic bases. Salts derived from non-orgenic bases include the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, ferrous, zinc, manganous, aluminum, ferric, manganic and the like salts. The salts derived from bases
10 J 1510 J 15
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30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
orgânicas, não tóxicas, farmaceuticamente aceitáveis incluem sais de aminas primárias, secundárias, terciárias e quaternárias, aminas substituídas que incluem as aminas substituídas de ocorrência natural, aminas cíclicas e resinas básicas per-mutadoras de iões , tais como trietilamina, tripropilamina, 2-dimetilaminoetanol, 2-dietilaminoetanol , lisina, arginina, histidina, cafeína, procaína, N-etilpiperidina, hidrabamina, colina, betaína, etilenodiamina, glucosamina, metilglicamina, teobromina, purinas, piperazina, piperidina, resinas de po-liamina e semelhantes. Quando um dos símbolos R" e R é hidrogénio e o outro é metilo ou difluormetilo, os compostos de fórmula I existem sob a forma de pares enantiomórficos ou de isómeros ópticos. Cada enantiomorfo, bem como as suas misturas, cabem no âmbito da presente invenção. Os compostos de fórmula I, que existem sob a forma de pares de enantiomorfos podem ser administrados como misturas racémicas ou administradas como enantiomorfos resolvidos . Em alguns casos, os enantiomorfo apresentam uma’ m‘aior- 'actividade. 'anti-inflamatôria, analgésica e/ou antipirética do que os euantimorfos correspondentes . Os derivados mais preferidos para utilização na presente invenção são os enantiomorfos S(+). Os isómeros ópticos podem ser resolvidos por meioí convencionais, tais como degradação biológica selectiva, ou por preparação de sais diastéreo-isómericos do derivado de naftaleno com uma base de amina opticamente activa, tal como a clnchonidína, e separação dos diastéreo-isóraeros por cristalização fraccionada. Os sais dos diastéreo-isómerosseparados são então clivados com ácido para se obter o respecti-vo isómero óptico. Estes compostos estão .exaustivamente descritos na Patente de Invenção Norte-Americana Numero 3 904 682, concedida a Fried e col. em 9 de Setembro de 1975 s na Patente de Invenção Norte-Americana Niámero 3 998 966, concedida a Fried e col. em 21 de Dezembro de 1976, ambas incorporadas cano referência na presente memória descritiva, como tendo 8 35 1 5 10 i 15organic, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts include primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine salts, substituted amines including naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and basic ion-exchange resins such as triethylamine, tripropylamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol , 2-diethylaminoethanol, lysine, arginine, histidine, caffeine, procaine, N-ethylpiperidine, hydrabamine, choline, betaine, ethylenediamine, glucosamine, methylglycine, theobromine, purines, piperazine, piperidine, polyamine resins and the like. When one of the R " and R is hydrogen and the other is methyl or difluoromethyl, the compounds of formula I exist as enantiomorphic pairs or optical isomers. Each enantiomorph, as well as mixtures thereof, fall within the scope of the present invention. Compounds of formula I, which exist as pairs of enantiomorphs, may be administered as racemic mixtures or administered as resolved enantiomorphs. In some cases, the enantiomorphs exhibit 'higher' activity. anti-inflammatory, analgesic and / or antipyretic properties than the corresponding euantimorphs. The most preferred derivatives for use in the present invention are the S (+) enantiomorphs. Optical isomers may be resolved by conventional means, such as selective biological degradation, or by preparation of diastereoisomeric salts of the naphthalene derivative with an optically active amine base, such as clonchonidine, and separation of diastereoisomers by fractional crystallization . The salts of the separated diastereomers are then cleaved with acid to obtain the respective optical isomer. These compounds are described in detail in U.S. Patent 3,904,682 issued to Fried et al. on September 9, 1975 in U.S. Patent 3,998,996 to Fried et al. on December 21, 1976, both incorporated herein by reference as being 8 35 1 5 10 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. 20
30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
actividade anti-inflamatória, analgésica e antipirética, e cc mo sendo úteis no tratamento e eliminação de inflamações , tal como reumatismo, concussão, laceração, artrite, fracturas ósseas, condições.pós-traumáticas e gota. As aminas simpatomiméticas são uma classe ber conhecida de fármacos que activan os receptores adrenérgicos. Estes fármacos estão exaust ivamerrte descritos em Resplratory Pharmacology and Tberapeutics, T-J.B. , Ziment, Sauners & Compa-ny (1978), páginas 316-339, que se incorpora na presente memória descritiva como referência . Os fármacos que são parti-cularmente preferidos para utilização no processo de acordo com a presente invenção são aqueles que se sabe estimularem os receptores alfa-adrenérgicos. As aminas simpatomiméticas úteis incluem pseudo-efedrina, fenilpropanolamina, fenil--efrina e efedrina, os seus sais farnaceuticamente aceitáveis e as suas mistxiras. Preferivelmente, as composições farmacêuticas da presente invenção compreendem o derivado de naftale-no e a amina simpatomimética numa proporção de derivado de naftaleno: amina simpatomimética compreendida entre cerca de 200 : 1 e cerca de 1 : 1, preferivelmente, entre cerca de 50 : 1 e cerca de 1 : 1 e, mais preferivelmente, ainda entre cerca de 10 : 1 e cerca de 1 : 1. Podem utilizar-se várias formas de dosagem por via oral, incluindo formas sólidas, tais como comprimidos, cápsulas de gel, cápsulas, grânulos, pastilhas e pós granel, e formas líquidas, tais como xaropes e suspensões. Estas formas de administração por via oral compreendem uma quantidade segura e eficaz , usualmente pelo menos cerca de 5%, do componente activo. As formas sólidas de dosagem por via oral contêm, preferivelmente, entre cerca de 5 e cerca de 95%, mais preferivelmente, entre cerca de 10 e cerca de 95% e, mais preferivelmente ainda, entre cerca de 25 e cerca da 95% do componente activo. As formas líquidas de dosagem por via oral contêm , preferivelmente, entre cerca de 1 e cerca de 50% e, mais preferivelmente , entre cerca 9 35 1 5anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity, and as useful in the treatment and elimination of inflammation, such as rheumatism, concussion, laceration, arthritis, bone fractures, post-traumatic conditions and gout. Sympathomimetic amines are a known class of drugs that activate adrenergic receptors. These drugs are exhaustively described in Respiratory Pharmacology and Therapeutics, T-J.B. , Ziment, Sauners & Compa-ny (1978), pages 316-339, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Drugs which are particularly preferred for use in the method of the present invention are those known to stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors. Useful sympathomimetic amines include pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, phenyl-ephrine and ephedrine, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention comprise the naphthalene derivative and the sympathomimetic amine at a ratio of sympathomimetic naphthalene: amine derivative of from about 200: 1 to about 1: 1, preferably from about 50: 1 to about 1: 1 and most preferably still between about 10: 1 and about 1: 1. Various oral dosage forms may be used, including solid forms, such as tablets, gel capsules, capsules , granules, pellets and bulk powders, and liquid forms, such as syrups and suspensions. These orally administered forms comprise a safe and effective amount, usually at least about 5%, of the active component. Solid oral dosage forms preferably contain from about 5 to about 95%, more preferably from about 10 to about 95%, and most preferably from about 25 to about 95% of the active component. Liquid oral dosage forms preferably contain from about 1 to about 50%, and more preferably from about 935 to 5% by weight.
10 I 1510 I 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90105 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90105 20
30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
189i de 1 a cerca de 25% e, mais preferivelmente ainda, entre cerca de 3 a cerca de 10% do componente activo. Os comprimidos podem ser obtidos por compressão, triturados de comprimidos, revestidos eutsricamente, revestidos com açúcar, revestidos com película ou comprimidos múltiplos, contendo ligantes apropriados, agentes lubrificantes, diluentes , agentes desintegrantes, agentes corantes, agentes apaladantes, agentes preservantes e agentes que facilitem o escoamento. As formas líquidas de dosagem por via oral incluem soluções aquosas e não aquosas, emxilsões, suspensões e soluções e/oti susnensões reconstituídas' a partir de grânulos não efervescentes, contendo dissolventes apropriados , agentes preservanúes agentes' -enulsionantes, agentes de suspensão, diluentes , agentes edulcorantes, agentes corantes e agentes apaladantes. Os exemplos específicos de substâncias veiculares e excipientes farmaceuticamente aceitáveis que podem ser utilizadas na formulação das formas de dosagem por via oral estão descritos na Patente de Invenção Norte-Americana Numero 3 903 297, concedida a Robert em 2 de Setembro de 1975, que se incorpora na "presente memória descritiva comc referência. As técnicas e as composições para a fabricação de fornas sólidas de dosagem oral são descritas por Marshall em "Solid Oral Dosage Forms", Modern Pharmaceutics, Vol. 7 (Ed. Banker & Rhodes), 359 - 427 (1979), incorporado na presente memória descritiva como referência. As técnicas e composições para a fabricação de comprimidos (por compressão e moldagem), cápsulas (de gelatina dura e macia) e pílulas são descritas em Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ed. Arthur Osol), páginas 1553 - 1593 (1980), incorporada na prsi sente memória descritiva como referência. Na preparação das formas líquidas de dosagem por via oral, o componente activo é incorporado num veículo farnacêiiticamente aceitável para administração por via oral de base aquosa, consistente com as práticas farmacêuticas convencionais. Uma "substância veicular farmacéuticamente 10 35 63.801 Case: 4235From 1 to about 25%, and most preferably from about 3 to about 10% of the active component. The tablets may be obtained by compression, tablet crushed, sugar coated, film coated or multi-tabletted, containing appropriate binders, lubricating agents, diluents, disintegrating agents, coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives and facilitating agents. the flow. Liquid oral dosage forms include aqueous and non-aqueous solutions, emulsions, suspensions and solutions and / or suspensions reconstituted from non-effervescent granules, containing suitable solvents, preserving agents, suspending agents, suspending agents, diluents, sweetening agents, coloring agents and flavoring agents. Specific examples of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and excipients which may be used in the formulation of the oral dosage forms are described in U.S. Patent 3,903,297, issued to Robert on September 2, 1975, incorporated herein by reference. in the present specification with reference. The techniques and compositions for the manufacture of solid oral dosing furnaces are described by Marshall in Solid Oral Dosage Forms " Modern Pharmaceutics, Vol. 7 (Ed Banker & Rhodes), 359-427 (1979) incorporated in the present specification. Techniques and compositions for the manufacture of tablets (by compression and molding), hard and soft gelatine capsules and pills are described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ed. Arthur Osol), pages 1553-1593 (1980) incorporated herein by reference. descriptive memory as reference. In the preparation of liquid oral dosage forms, the active component is incorporated into a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for oral administration of aqueous base, consistent with conventional pharmaceutical practices. A " pharmaceutically acceptable carrier 10 35 63 801 Case: 4235
1 51 5
10 I 1510 I 15
Mod. 71 20.000 ex. - 90(08 aceitável para administração por via oral e à base de água" á uma substância veicular em que o teor de dissolvente é completa ou predominantemente constituído por ágtia. As susbtân-cias veiculares típicas incluem soluções aquosas simples, xaropes, dispersões e suspensões, e emulsões de base aquosa, tais como do tipo de óleo em água. A substância veicular mai£ preferida é uma suspensão da composição farmacêutica num veículo aquoso que contém um agente de suspensão apropriado. Os agentes de suspensão apropriados incluem Avicel RC-591 (uma mistura de celulose microcristalina/sal de sódio de carboxi-metilcelulose, disponível em FMC), goma de guar e semelhantes. Estes agentes de suspenão são bem conhecidos dos peritos no assunto. Embora a quantidade de água presente nas com posições de acordo com a presente invenção possa variar muito, dependendo do peso total e do volume do componente activo e de outros ingredientes opcionais não activos, o teor total de água, com base no peso da composição final, está geralmente compreendido entre cerca de 20 e cerca de 75% e, preferivelmente, entre cerca de 20 e cerca de 40% em peso/volu- 20Mod. 71 20,000 ex. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier substance is a carrier substance which is acceptable for oral and water-based administration. A typical carrier substance includes simple aqueous solutions, syrups, dispersions and suspensions The preferred carrier is a suspension of the pharmaceutical composition in an aqueous carrier which contains an appropriate suspending agent. Suitable suspending agents include Avicel RC-591 ( a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose / carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, available from FMC), guar gum and the like. invention may vary greatly, depending on the total weight and volume of the active component and other optional non-active ingredients , the total water content, based on the weight of the final composition, is generally from about 20 to about 75%, and preferably from about 20 to about 40% by weight / volume.
30 me. Muito embora a água propriamente dita possa constituir toda a substância veicular, as formulações líquidas típicas contêm , preferivelmente , um codissolvente, como oor exemplo, propilenoglicol, glicerina , solxição de soí bitol e semelhantes , para ajudar à solubilização e à incorporação dos ingredientes insolúveis em água, tais como óleoí apaladantes e semelhantes, na composição . Em geral, portanto , as composições da presente invenção contêm, preferivelmente , entre cerca de 5 e cerca de 25% em volume/volxxme e, mais preferivelmente, entre cerca de 10 a cerca de 20% em volume/volume, de codissolvente. As composições de acordo com a presente invenção podem, opcionalmente, conter um ou'mais de outros agentes terapêuticos conhecidos , particularmente os vulgarmente utilizados em preparação contra a tosse/constipação, tal como, por exemplo, um agente sxipressor de tosse, design^ 11 35 1 530 m. While the water itself may constitute the entire carrier substance, typical liquid formulations preferably contain a cosolvent, such as propylene glycol, glycerin, solubilization of bitol, and the like, to aid in the solubilization and incorporation of the insoluble ingredients in water, such as oil-flavoring agents and the like, in the composition. In general, therefore, the compositions of the present invention preferably contain from about 5 to about 25% by volume / vol., And more preferably from about 10 to about 20% by volume, of the cosolvent. The compositions according to the present invention may optionally contain one or more other known therapeutic agents, particularly those commonly used in preparation for cough / constipation, such as, for example, a cough suppressing agent, 35 1 5
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Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90/08 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90/08 20
30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
damente dextrometorfano, clorofedianol, carbetapentano, ca-ramifeno, noscapina, difen-hidramina, codeína, hidrocodona, hidromorfona, fominoben e seus sais farmaceuticamente aceitáveis; um agente expextorante ou mucolítico, tal como guaia colato de glicerilo, terpina, cloreto de amónio, N-acetilcis teína e brom-hexina, ambroxol e seus sais farmaceuticamente aceitáveis; e um agente anti-bistamínico, como clorofenirami. na, bromofeniramina, dexclorofeniramina, dexbromofeniramina, triprolidina, doxilaraina, tripelenamina, cipro-beptadina, carbinoxamina, bromodifen-bidramina, fen-indamina, pirilami-na, azatadina , e seus sais farmaceuticamente aceitáveis, assim como anti-bistamínicos não sedativos, que incluem acri vastina, AHR-11325, fen-indamina, astenizol, azelastina, ce-tirizina, ebastina, cetotifen, lodoxamina, loratidina, levo-cabastina, mequitazina, oxatomida, setastina, tazifilina, tamelastina e terfenadina, e seus sais farmaceuticamente aceitáveis; todos estes componentes, assim como as respecti-vas qualidades de dosagem aceitáveis são descritos na Paten ta de Invenção Norte-Americana Número 4 783 465, concedida a Sunsbine e col. em 8 de Novembro de 1988 e na Patente de Invenção Norte-Anericana Número 4 619 934, concedida a Sunsbine e col. em 28 de Outubro de 1986, ambas incorporadas na presente memória descritiva como referência. São também úteis os agentes broncodilatadores , tais como teofilina e albuterol. Um componente opcional muito preferido é a cafeína, que preferivelmente, deve encontrar-se presente a um nível compreendido entre cerca de 10 e cerca de 50". Outros ingredientes opcionais bem conhecidos na técnica farmacêutica podem também ser incluídos em quantidades geralmente praticadas com estes ingredientes, desi-gnadamente, agentes edulcorantes naturais e artificiais, agentes apaladantes, agentes corantes e semelhantes, para proporcionar um produto final de aspecto e de paladar agradáveis, agentes antioxidantes, como, por exemplo, hidroxi--anisol butilado ou hidroxitoluano butilado, e agentes pre-servantes , como,por exemplo, metilparaben, nropilparaben ou _ 1 o 35 5dextromethorphan, chlorofedianol, carbetapentane, ca-ramifene, noscapine, diphenhydramine, codeine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, fominoben and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; an expoxing or mucolytic agent, such as guanyl glyceryl cholate, terpine, ammonium chloride, N-acetylcysteine and bromhexine, ambroxol and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; and an anti-bistaminic agent, such as chloropheniram. bromopheniramine, dexchloropheniramine, dexbromopheniramine, triprolidine, doxylamine, tripelenamine, cyprobeptadine, carbinoxamine, bromodiphen-bidramine, phen-indoline, pyrilamine, azatadine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as well as non-sedative anti-bistamines, which include acri vastina, AHR-11325, fen-indamine, astenizol, azelastine, cetirizine, ebastine, ketotifen, lodoxamine, loratidine, levo-cabastine, mequitazine, oxatomide, setastine, tazifiline, tamelastine and terfenadine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; all of these components as well as the respective acceptable dosage qualities are described in U.S. Patent Application No. 4,783,465 issued to Sunsbine et al. on November 8, 1988 and in U.S. Patent Number 4,619,934 issued to Sunsbine et al. on October 28, 1986, both incorporated herein by reference. Bronchodilator agents, such as theophylline and albuterol, are also useful. A most preferred optional component is caffeine, which preferably should be present at a level of about 10 to about 50%. Other optional ingredients well known in the pharmaceutical art may also be included in amounts generally practiced with these ingredients, namely natural and artificial sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and the like, to provide a pleasing, antioxidant agents, such as, for example, butylated hydroxyanisole or butylated hydroxytoluane, and preservatives, for example methylparaben, n-propylparaben or 1,35-
1515
Mod. 71 - 20Mod. 71-20
30 63.801 Case: 423530 63,801 Case: 4235
benzoato de sódio, para prolongar e melhorar a duração em ar mazenagem. Método de Tratamento A qxiantidade da composição farmacêutica administrada depende da percentagem de ingredientes activos presentes na sua formulação, o que é função da quantidade de derivado de naftaleno e de quaisquer componentes opcionais, tais como agentes anticongestionantes, antie-xpectorantes e/011 anti-histamínicos utilizados por dose, da estabilidade, das características de libertação e de outros parâmetros far macêuticos. Geralmente, entre cerca de 1 mg/Kg e cerca de 50 mg/Kg por dia, preferivelmente, entre cerca de 2 mg/Kg e cerca de 30 mg/Kg por dia e, mais preferivelmente, ainda entre cerca de 3 mg/Kg e cerca de 20 ng/Kg por dia da compo sição farmacêutica é administrada como se descreve na presente memória. Esta quantidade pode ser administrada numa única dose ou, preferivelmente, em doses múltiplas (duas a seis), repetidamente ou sob a forna de dosagens de libertação retardada durante a realização do tratamento. Geralmente, cada dosagem individual das composições farmacêuticas da presente invenção está compreendida entre cerca de 1 mg/Kg e cerca de 25 mg/Kg, preferivelmente entre cerca de 2 mg/Kg e cerca de 15 mg/Kg e, mais preferivelmente ainda, entre cer ca de 3 mg/Kg e cerca de 10 mg/Kg . As formas típicas de dosagem unitária para administração por via oral compreendem, geralmente, entre cerca de 100 e cerca de 2000 miligramas, preferivelmente, entre cerca de 150 e cerca de 600 mg e, mais preferivelmente ainda, entre cerca de 150 e cerca de 400 mg do derivado de naftaleno. Muito embora as dosagens superiores às acima mencionadas sejam eficazes, proporcionan do alívio contra a tosse , sintomas semelhantes a constipação, sintomas de gripe e semelhantes a gripe, deve como com qualquer outro fármaco, ter-se o cuidado de com alguns indivíduos, evitar efeitos secundários adversos. 13 35 10 15sodium benzoate to prolong and improve the shelf life. Method of Treatment The amount of the pharmaceutical composition administered depends on the percentage of active ingredients present in its formulation, which is a function of the amount of naphthalene derivative and any optional components, such as anti-thickening agents, anti-xpectorants and / or antihistamines used per dose, stability, release characteristics and other pharmaceutical parameters. Generally from about 1 mg / kg to about 50 mg / kg per day, preferably from about 2 mg / kg to about 30 mg / kg per day, and more preferably still from about 3 mg / kg and about 20 ng / kg per day of the pharmaceutical composition is administered as described herein. This amount may be administered in a single dose or, preferably, in multiple doses (two to six), repeatedly or in the form of sustained release dosages during the course of the treatment. Generally, each individual dosage of the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention is from about 1 mg / kg to about 25 mg / kg, preferably from about 2 mg / kg to about 15 mg / kg, and more preferably still from to about 3 mg / kg and about 10 mg / kg. Typical unit dosage forms for oral administration generally comprise from about 100 to about 2000 milligrams, preferably from about 150 to about 600 mg, and most preferably from about 150 to about 400 milligrams mg of the naphthalene derivative. Although dosages greater than those mentioned above are effective, they provide relief from cough, constipation-like symptoms, flu-like and flu-like symptoms, as with any other drug, taking care of some individuals, avoiding effects secondary adverse events. 13 35 10 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20 25 30 63.801 Case: 4235Mod. 71-20,000 ex. 20 25 30 63 801 Case: 4235
10CEÍ189110CEI1891
Os exmeplos seguintes ilustram formas de realização da presente invenção em que se combinam tanto ingredientes essenciais como ingredientes opcionais. EXEMPLOS Exemplo I Prepara-se uma composição para cápsulas de gelatina macia para administração por via oral combinando os seguintes ingredientes:The following examples illustrate embodiments of the present invention in which both essential ingredients and optional ingredients are combined. EXAMPLES Example I A soft gelatin capsule composition for oral administration is prepared by combining the following ingredients:
Ingredientes Naproxen HC1 de pseudoefedrinaIngredients Naproxen HCl pseudoephedrine
Quantidades 200 mg 30 mgAmounts 200 mg 30 mg
Trituram-se os ingredientes activos com a quantidade suficiente de lactose para se encher o tamanho de cápsula escolhido. A administração de duas das cápsulas acima referidas a um ser humano necessitado de tratamento proporciona um efeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflanatório melhorado. Exemplo II Prepara-se uma composição para cápsulas de gelatina macia para administração por via oral combinando os seguintes ingredientes: Quantidades 200 mg 10 mg 30 mg 100 mgThe active ingredients are crushed with sufficient amount of lactose to fill the chosen capsule size. Administration of two of the above capsules to a human in need of treatment provides an improved analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect. A soft gelatin capsule composition for oral administration is prepared by combining the following ingredients: Amounts 200 mg 10 mg 30 mg 100 mg
Ingredientes Naproxen Astemizole HC1 de psuedoefedrina Guaiacolato gliceriloIngredients Naproxen Astemizole Psuedoephedrine HCl Glyceryl Guaiacolate
Trituran-se os ingredientes activos com a quantidade necessária de lactose para se encher o tamanho da cápsula escolhido. A administração de duas destas cápsulas a um 14 35The active ingredients are crushed with the required amount of lactose to fill the size of the capsule chosen. Administration of two of these capsules to a
63.801 Case: 4235 ser humano necessitado do tratamento proporciona um efeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflamatório melhorado.The human being in need of treatment provides an improved analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect.
Exemplo IIIExample III
Prepara-se uma composição líquida para adminis tração por via oral combinando os seguintes ingredientes:A liquid composition for oral administration is prepared by combining the following ingredients:
Ingredientes Percentagem em peso/VolumeIngredients Percentage by weight / Volume
Naproxen 6,667 HC1 de pseudoefedrina 0,200 25.000 25.000 2,000 0,250 70,000 7,000 0,008 0,500 QS 100,000 Álcool (a 95%) Propilenoglicol Citrato de sódio Acido Cítrico Açúcar Líquido Glicerina CorantesNaproxen 6,667 Pseudoephedrine HCl 0.200 25,000 25,000 2,000 0.250 70,000 7,000 0.008 0.500 QS 100,000 Alcohol (95%) Propylene Glycol Sodium Citrate Citric Acid Sugar Liquid Glycerin Dyes
Agente Apaladante Água PurificadaPurified Water Purifying Agent
Despeja-se a água purificada (aproximadamente 10% do volume da carga final) num recipiente para cargas equipado com um misturador mecânico.Adicionam-se, sequencial mente, e dissolvem-se com agitação o citrato de sódio, o ácido cítrico e o cloridrato de pseudoefedrina. Adicionam-se depois a glicerina e o açúcar líquido. Num recipiente separado, adicionam-se os corantes a água purificada (aproximadamente 0,5% do volume da carga final). Esta solução corante é, em seguida, adicionada ao primeiro recipiente de carga. Num recipiente separado, adiciona-se o naproxen ao álcool, enquanto se agita . A esta pré-mistura alcoólica adicionam-se o propilenoglicol e os agentes apaladantes e agita--se a mistura resultante até ficar homogénea, adicionando--se em seguida, ao primeiro recipiente. Junta-se a restante água purificada à mistura resultante e agita-se. A administração de 30 ml desta composição a 15 63.801 Case: 4235 um ser humano necessitado de tratamento proporciona um afeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflamatório melhorado.Purified water (approx. 10% of the final charge volume) is poured into a loading vessel equipped with a mechanical mixer. Sodium citrate, citric acid and hydrochloride are added sequentially and stirred with stirring. of pseudoephedrine. Glycerin and liquid sugar are then added. In a separate vessel, the dyes are added to purified water (approximately 0.5% of the final charge volume). This dye solution is then added to the first loading vessel. In a separate vessel, the naproxen is added to the alcohol while stirring. To this alcoholic premix are added the propylene glycol and the flavoring agents and the resulting mixture is stirred until homogeneous, and then added to the first vessel. The remaining purified water is added to the resulting mixture and stirred. Administration of 30 ml of this composition to a human in need of treatment provides an improved analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect.
Exemplo IV 5Example IV 5
Prepara-se uma composição líquida para administração oor via oral combinando os seguintes ingredientes:A liquid composition for oral administration is prepared by combining the following ingredients:
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. - 90/08Mod. 71-20,000 ex. - 90/08
15 2015 20
IngredientesIngredients
Naproxen HCl de pseudoefedrinaNaproxen HCl pseudoephedrine
Maleato de clorofeniramina Álcool (95%)Chlorpheniramine maleate Alcohol (95%)
PropilenoglicolPropylene glycol
Citrato de sódio Ácido Cítrico Açúcar líquidoSodium Citrate Citric Acid Liquid Sugar
GlicerinaGlycerin
Agentes corantesColoring agents
Agente apaladante Água purificadaPurified Water Purified Water
Percentagem em Peso/Volume 6,667 0,200 0,013 25.000 25.000 2,000 0,250 70.000 7,000 0,008 0,500 QS 100,000Percent Weight / Volume 6,667 0,200 0,013 25,000 25,000 2,000 0,250 70,000 7,000 0,008 0,500 QS 100,000
30 1i±-Isí30 1i ± -Isi
Despeja-se a água purificada (aproximadamen-te 10% do volume da carga final) num recipiente para car-gas, equipado com misturador mecânico. Adicionam-se, sequencialmente, e dissolvem-se com agitação o citrato de sódio, o ácido cítrico, o clororidrato de pseudo-efedrina e o nale to de clorofeniramina. Adicionam-se, em seguida , a glicer na e o açúcar líquido. Hum recipiente separado, juntam-se os corantes à água purifiçada (aproximadamente 0,5% do volti-me da carga final). Esta solução corante adiciona-se, em seguida, ao primeiro recipiente da carga. Hum recipiente separado, junta-se o naproxen ao álcool, enquanto se agita. A esta pré-misturà alcoólica adicionam-se o propilenoglicol e os agentes apaladantes e a mistura resultante é agitada atá ficar homogénea, juntando-se depois , ao primeiro recipiente . Adiciona-se a restante água purificada a mistura 16 - 35 1 5The purified water (approx. 10% of the final charge volume) is poured into a charging vessel equipped with a mechanical mixer. Sodium citrate, citric acid, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine are added sequentially and stirred. The glycerol and liquid sugar are then added. A separate vessel, the dyes are pooled to the purified water (approximately 0.5% of the volt of the final charge). This dye solution is then added to the first container of the filler. A separate vessel, the naproxen is added to the alcohol, while stirring. To this alcoholic premix are added the propylene glycol and the flavoring agents and the resulting mixture is stirred until homogeneous and then added to the first vessel. The remaining purified water is added to the mixture 16-35
10 J 1510 J 15
Mod. 71 - 20.000 ex. 20Mod. 71-20,000 ex. 20
30 63.301 Case: 423530 63,301 Case: 4235
resultante e agita-se. A administração de 30 ml desta solução a um ser humano necessitado deste tratamento proporciona um afeito analgésico e/ou anti-inflamatório melhorado.resulting and stirred. Administration of 30 ml of this solution to a human in need of such treatment provides an improved analgesic and / or anti-inflammatory effect.
Exemplo V Prepara-se tima composição líquida para administração por via oral combinando os seguintes .ingredientes:Example V A liquid composition for oral administration is prepared by combining the following ingredients:
Ingredientes Naproxen HC1 de pseaidoefedrina Maleato de clorofeniramina HBr de dextrometorfano Álcool (a 95%) Propilenoglicol Citrato de sódio Ácido Cítrico Açúcar líquido Glicerina Agentes corantes Agentes apaladantes Água purificadaIngredients Naproxen HCl of pseaidoephedrine Chlorpheniramine maleate HBr of dextromethorphan Alcohol (at 95%) Propylene glycol Sodium citrate Citric acid Liquid sugar Glycerin Coloring agents Flavoring agents Purified water
Percentagem em Peso/Volume 6,6670,200 0,0130,100 25.000 25.000 2,000 0,250 70.000 7,000 0,009 0,500 QS 100,000Percent Weight / Volume 6,6670,200 0.0130,100 25,000 25,000 2,000 0.250 70,000 7,000 0.009 0.500 QS 100,000
Despeja-se a água purificada (aproximadamente 10% do volume da carga final ) num recipiente para cargas, eqtiipado com misturador mecânico. Adicionam-se , sequencialmente, o citrato de sódio, o ácido cítrico, o cloridrato de pseudoefedrina e o maleato de clorofeniramina, e dissolvem--se com agitação . Em segxiida, adicionam-se a glicerina e o açúcar líquido. Num recipiente separado, adicionam-se os corantes a água purificada (aproximadamente 0,5% do volume final da carga). Então, junta-se esta solução de corante ao primeiro recipiente de carga. Num recipiente separado, adiciona-se, seqxiencialmente, ao álcool, sob agitação, o napro-xan e o bromidrato de dextrometorfano. A esta oré-mistura 17 35Purified water (approximately 10% of the final charge volume) is poured into a charging vessel, equipped with a mechanical mixer. Sodium citrate, citric acid, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate are sequentially added and the solution is stirred. In the case of glycerol, the liquid sugar is added. In a separate vessel, the dyestuffs are added to purified water (approximately 0.5% of the final volume of the charge). Then, this dye solution is added to the first loading vessel. In a separate vessel, naproxan and dextromethorphan hydrobromide are added sequentially to the alcohol under stirring. To this mixture of 17
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58068590A | 1990-09-11 | 1990-09-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PT98919A true PT98919A (en) | 1992-07-31 |
Family
ID=24322117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PT98919A PT98919A (en) | 1990-09-11 | 1991-09-10 | METHOD FOR OBTAINING AN ANALGESIC AND / OR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT INTENSIFIED IN A HUMAN OR ANIMAL OF SMALL PORTE BEHIND THE ADMINISTRATION OF A COMPOSITION COMPOSING A CARBOXYLIC ACID AND ONE OR MORE SYPATHOMYTIC AMINES |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06500784A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930701994A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU662297B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2090234C (en) |
| IE (1) | IE913185A1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA22277A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9101045A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT98919A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992004021A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994028872A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Warner-Lambert Company | Non-alcoholic cold and sinus medication |
| US5626831A (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-05-06 | Van Moerkerken; Arthur | Method for relief and prevention of common cold, and compositions |
| JP4549618B2 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2010-09-22 | 第一三共ヘルスケア株式会社 | Composition for rhinitis |
| TWI313598B (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2009-08-21 | Wyeth Corp | Compositions of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, decongestants and anti-histamines |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4558051A (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-12-10 | Richardson-Vicks, Inc. | Analgesic and anti-inflammatory compositions comprising xanthines and methods of using same |
| US4522826A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1985-06-11 | Richardson-Vicks Inc. | Analgesic and anti-inflammatory compositions comprising diphenhydramine and methods of using same |
| US4552899A (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-11-12 | Analgesic Associates | Cough/cold mixtures comprising non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
-
1991
- 1991-09-09 WO PCT/US1991/006398 patent/WO1992004021A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-09 JP JP3515360A patent/JPH06500784A/en active Pending
- 1991-09-09 CA CA002090234A patent/CA2090234C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-09 AU AU85384/91A patent/AU662297B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-09 KR KR1019930700724A patent/KR930701994A/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-10 MA MA22558A patent/MA22277A1/en unknown
- 1991-09-10 PT PT98919A patent/PT98919A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-09-10 IE IE318591A patent/IE913185A1/en unknown
- 1991-09-11 MX MX9101045A patent/MX9101045A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2090234A1 (en) | 1992-03-12 |
| KR930701994A (en) | 1993-09-08 |
| MA22277A1 (en) | 1992-04-01 |
| MX9101045A (en) | 1992-05-04 |
| AU8538491A (en) | 1992-03-30 |
| JPH06500784A (en) | 1994-01-27 |
| CA2090234C (en) | 1998-08-11 |
| AU662297B2 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
| IE913185A1 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| WO1992004021A1 (en) | 1992-03-19 |
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