PT86970B - PROJECTIL FUMIGENO AND MUNICAO SO EQUIPADA - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke-generating projectile of the type comprising at least one pot of pyrotechnic composition (150, 152) capable of generating smoke during its combustion. According to the invention, the projectile comprises, furthermore, in front of the smoke-generating pyrotechnic composition pot in the direction of ejection, a powder charge (110) and an explosive striker (112) capable of deploying the powder charge (110) and of braking the composition pot (150, 152). <IMAGE>

Description

FUMIGEN PROJECTIL AND AMMUNITION SO EQUIPPED i

• The present invention relates to fumigene projectiles intended for camouflage protection of land vehicles,!; in particular, cars.

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Numerous fumigile projectiles have been proposed;

of the type that comprises, at least, a pyrotechnic composition vessel capable of generating smoke during its combustion, for the protection of land vehicles.

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However, the fumigene projectiles proposed so far do not give complete satisfaction.

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EP EP-A-0 108 | i 939 (FEISTEL) has also proposed a projectile of the type comprising at least i an element 1 of the pyrotechnic composition capable of generating smoke during combustion and a charge of absorbent powder 2 contrast in the infrared scope.

More precisely, document EP-A-0 108 939 proposes ways to guarantee near-ins triggering! tantaneum of the fumigene composition and the powder charge, in such a way that the latter • benefits from the hot air currents. upwards generated by the fumigene composition, in order to prolong in time the state of suspension of the powder particles. This idea is expressed on page 2, lines 6 to 16 of EP-A-0 108 939.

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il More precisely, EP-A-0 108 939 shows two embodiments.

According to the first embodiment illustrated in ι

l figure 1, the elements of fumigene pyrotechnic composition 1 | are placed behind a charge of powder 2. In addition, the

I constituents of smoke - producing pyrotechnic composition associating 1 _are: 3 of a load which ensures targeting of the elements 1, as shown in Figures 2C and 2D. The powder charge l · is associated with a pyrotechnic charge 4. This, as it is placed each below the charge or powder cartridge 3, associated with [elements 1, means that the triggering of the powder charge i 2 cannot be guaranteed unless after segmentation and dissection of the elements of fumigene pyrotechnic composition. This fact leads to a very slow realization of the camouflage: gem. [í i ___

Ij According to the second embodiment illustrates! shown in figures 4 and 5, the powder charge is placed, by j; conversely, behind the pyrotechnic composition elements 1. In this case, the explosion of the pyrotechnic charge 4 associated with the powder charge 2 accelerates the pyrotechnic composition elements. This leads to a realization far removed from the fumigene pyrotechnic composition.

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I, Document FR-A-2 343 989 relates to a device for launching infrared decoys. According !!

document FR-A-2 343 989, the infrared stalk launch projectile comprises a pyrotechnic charge with combustion in the infrared enclosed in a case consisting of a tubular casing which is closed at its opposite ends by two removable plugs connected together by a mechanical connection of limited resistance, capable of being broken i under the action of an associated igniter.

| The devices described in the documents above indicate.

I cates do not allow a completely healthy camouflage; tisfactory.

The present invention has the purpose of proposing a new fumigene projectile adapted to provide a very fast protection following the detection of a threat, still guaranteeing a prolonged protection in time.

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The present invention has more precisely for the purpose of proposing a new fumigene projectile adapted to provide an almost instantaneous protection, that is to say, in less than a second, guaranteeing a camouflage of the vehicle for a duration that reaches 30 to 60 seconds.

This aim is achieved, according to the present ini; wind, by means of a fumigene projectile of the above type i,

I cited and known per se, comprising at least one pyrotechnic composition j ¹ capable of generating smoke during its operation; combustion and a charge of absorbing contrast powder in the infrared environment characterized by the fact that:

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- the powder charge has been placed before the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel, in the direction of ejection,

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- an explosive cane is associated with the charge of gunpowder to trigger it, and

- the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel has a [longitudinal channel for transmitting fire to the explosive rod, so that it explodes quickly in the trajectory after the launch of the projectile, in order to guarantee, on the one hand, | - instant of the powder cartridge and • on the other hand, lock the pyrotechnic composition vessel before any dispersion of it.

Thanks to this structure, it is obtained, on the one hand, the rapid triggering of the powder charge and consequently ’a first almost instant camouflage effect. On the other hand, thanks to the structure proposed in the framework of the present invention the fumigene pyrotechnic composition vessel can be ejected at a high speed, in order to quickly take the turn of the powder to ensure a continuous camouflage of the vehicle. protect, with everything being put in place relatively close to the vehicle to ensure an effective disguise effect.

Preferably, according to the present invention, the powder charge is formed of brass powder whose granulometry is chosen to be absorbed of contrast in the infrared scope.

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According to an advantageous feature of the present invention, the explosive cane is centered on the axis of the projectile, the powder charge surrounding the cane throughout its perimeter. j feria and covering the front end of that cane, in such a way that the explosive cane triggers the powder charge in the form of a total disc.

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Between the powder charge and the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel, a separation charge is preferably spaced.

According to the invention, the fumigene pyrotechnic composition vessel is advantageously connected to a case that houses the powder charge by means of connection adapted to be | broken when the separation charge is ignited. These means of connection are preferably chosen from the group that! comprises: a sleeve with heat shrinkable outer surface, i

| an epoxy bonding organ, an adhesive bonding organ, or a central stem.

The latter, according to the present invention, is preferably formed by a sleeve provided with a plurality of oblong openings. As will be described in more detail below, these oblong openings in particular allow the transmission of fire to the fumigant pyrotechnic composition.

Advantageously, the pyrotechnic composition vessel is divided into different elements.

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According to an embodiment currently considered to be preferred, the projectile comprises a donor with an inflamed trajectory during the ejection of the projectile, a pyrotechnic relay associated with the trajectory retardant, a separation charge between the powder charge and the fumigene pyrotechnic composition, a starting charge associated with the explosive rod and a safety plunger interlated in the fire passages that connect the relays to the separating charge and the starting charge, the safety plunger being movable between a safety position, in storage in which obstructs the fire passages and a release ^position! l in which, after ejection, it releases fire passages.

The present invention also relates to ammunition intended for protection by camouflage of vehicles, carrying, in a socket, a projectile of the aforementioned type and ί a pyrotechnic charge arranged at the bottom of the socket for the ejection of the projectile.

i Other characteristics, purposes and advantages of the present invention will be evident by reading the description

Detailed I that will follow and in relation to the ane'x drawings, given as non-limiting examples and in which:

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- figure 1 represents a schematic view in axial, longitudinal color, of an ammunition according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

- figure 2 represents a schematic view in axial, longitudinal color, of an ammunition according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and i

- figure 3 schematically illustrates the camouflage

It is obtained by carrying out in practice a plurality of ammunition already in accordance with the present invention.

The way of realizing the ammunition illustrated in figure 1 will be described first.

This ammunition 10 comprises a bushing 12, fixed on a support 20 which houses an impeller. The bushing 12 itself houses a projectile 100 which, essentially, comprises from the front to the rear, in the direction of displacement, a charge of gunpowder 110 associated with an explosive cane 112 and a pyrotechnic composition, fumigene, distributed in two elements 150, 152, according to the embodiment illustrated in figure 1, without this number being considered as limiting.

In figure 1, attached, with the figure 14 the longitudinal axis of the ammunition 10 and the projectile 100 has been designated. This [axis 14 corresponds essentially to an axis of symmetry.

t | The bush 12 is formed by a cylindrical coupling

I centered on axis 14. It is provided at its rear end with an annular collar 16 which extends radially in relation to the axis 14 and towards it.

] The bushing 12 is fixed on the support 20 by means of this collar 16. In effect, the collar 16 is attached between an annular rib 22, integral with the outer periphery 24 of the holder 20 and a ring with fillets 26 engaged inside the [bushing 12 and that it comes to be attached with a file in cannon file jtada 28, solidary of the support 20.

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. | The threaded ring 26 and the ring rib 22 are coaxial to the axis 14.

The support 20 has a spur 30 that extends radially in relation to the longitudinal axis 14. This spur allows the bush to be immobilized in a mortar by means of a bayonet assembly, in a classic way.

| The impeller structure shown in the attached figure 1 [is well known to any person skilled in the art.

I support 20 supports at its anterior end

I a cup 32.

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This cup 32 has a transverse axial passage 34 that receives an electrically controlled igniter 36.

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J The two wires 38, 40, intended to supply the igniter 36 are connected one to a rivet 42, the other to a contact piece 44.

support 20 is made of an electrically conductive material. The rivet 42 is attached to the support 20 in order to guarantee an electrical connection between the supply wire 38 I and the support 20.

The contact piece 44 is engaged in a hole that passes through the base of the support 20, coaxially to the longitudinal axis 14. Thus, the contact piece 44 is accessible from the rear part of the ammunition.

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I Contact piece 44 is insulated from support 20 by!

an electrically insulating cover 46.

í ί The cup 32 defines on its front surface an icon that receives an ejection charge 48, for example, at the base

I of black powder.

A piston 50 is inserted between the support 20 which houses the impeller just described and the rear end of the projectile 100.

piston 50 is formed by a washer extending transversely to the longitudinal axis 14. The washer 50 is provided with a central hole 52.

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The front end of the bushing 12 is sealed in storage by a cap 60. The cap 60 is immobilized on the bushing 12 by means of at least one cuttable pin 62 which extends radially with respect to the longitudinal axis 14.

| In figure 1, two elements 152, 150 of the fumigant pyrotechnic composition pot are stacked axially backwards in the projectile 100. Elements 152, 150 are! cylindrical rotations around the longitudinal axis 14. They are embedded in the respective cases 153, 151.

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The elements 150 and 152 define a free, central channel 160 centered on the longitudinal axis 14 and aligned with the internal pipe 52 provided in the washer 50.

A secondary support 120 centered on the axis 14 is interspersed between the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel 150, 152 and the powder charge 110. The secondary support 120 has a central channel 122 centered on the axis 14 which houses a path retarder backwards 124 and a pyrotechnic relay 126. The trajectory retarder 124 is engaged at the front end of channel 160.

The powder charge 110 and the associated explosive cane 112 are housed in a case 114. This case 114 comprises a cylindrical wall 115, centered on the axis 14, integral with a piece with a cross wall prior to filling 116.

I .I The rear end of case 114 is filled

A disk 118 is inserted. Between the disk 118 and the cylindrical wall 115 of case 114, an o-ring is inserted.

I The explosive rod 112 is formed by a cylindrical tongue centered on axis 14. The explosive rod 112 is surrounded by an envelope 111.

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The explosive cane 112 is supported by disk 118.

i i It is verified by examining the attached figures that the powder charge 110 surrounds the explosive cane 112 in all its periphery and also covers the anterior end of this cane. Thus, the explosive rod 112 triggers the cartridge of octopus ra 110 in the form of a total disk. The central part of this disk is generated by the part of the powder cartridge placed in front of the explosive cane 112. The edge of the disk is generated by the part of the powder cartridge 110 surrounding the explosive cane 112.

Incidentally, it is planned between secondary support 120

I · and disk 118, a chamber 140 centered on the longitudinal axis

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i This chamber 140 houses forward brakes, an em! security cake 142 and a starter load 144.

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| The starting charge 144 is placed behind the explosive cane 112 and communicates with it.

j Safety piston 142 is adapted to be moved between a safety position, which corresponds to! resting position, in which it blocks the fire passages and an i

release position obtained after projectile ejection

I 100 out of the bushing 12, in which the plunger 142 releases the passage connecting the relays 126 and the starting load 144.

'The piston 142 is guided by sliding between the load! beginner 144 and the secondary support 120 in a direction radial to the longitudinal axis 14. The safety piston 142 is requested for the release position by elastic means [not shown in the figures to simplify the illustration.

The safety piston 142 has a transverse passage that extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 14.

The transverse passage accommodated in the safety plunger 142 is not aligned with the fire passage connecting the relay 126 to the starter load 144 unless the plunger 142 is moved to the release position, that is, unless after the projectile 100 have been ejected out of the shell: son 12.

The structure of this safety plunger, known to any expert in the field, will not be described in detail in the following. This safety plunger 142 may be similar, for example, to the plunger illustrated in figures 3 and 4 of the orders; French patent registrations, published under numbers

294 420 and 2,293,872.

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ί The powder charge 110 is advantageously composed of (metallic particles whose granulometry is chosen to be • absorption of contrast in the infrared scope. Preferably, according to the invention, it is brass powder.

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I According to another advantageous feature of the invention, the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel and more precisely the cases 151, 153 that house them, is connected to the means that house the powder charge 110 by means of adapted connection means. to be broken during the explosion of the cane 112 [or during the ignition of an interleaved separation charge between the powder charge 110 and the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel 150, 152.

These means of connection can take numerous forms. It may be a sleeve with heat shrink wrap, an epoxy bonding organ, an adhesive tape bonding organ or a central rod, housed in channel 160.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an ammunition according to the latter variant.

The elements of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, such as those described above in relation to Figure 1, have identical numerical references.

In figure 2, a stem 170 located in channel 160 is distinguished through the pyrotechnical composition fuj migena 150, 152.

The central rod 170 is formed from a coupling provided with a plurality of oblong openings 172.

The rear end of the stem 170 receives an annular cuff 174 provided with an enlarged head 176 which rests against the ejection piston 50.

I ί The front end of the stem 170 is fixed on the secondary support 120.

A separation load 145 placed between the secondary support 120 and the front end of the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel is also seen in figure 2.

The separation load 145 is placed precisely: in an annular chamber 146 accommodated on the rear surface of the (secondary support 120. This chamber 146 communicates by channels! 147 with the initial load 144. Channels 147 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 14. Thus , in the safety position of the plunger 142, the passages 147 are separated from the relay 126. However, on the contrary, when the safety plunger

142 is moved to the release position, channels 147 communicate with relay 126.

It can also be seen from the examination of figure 2, below, that the chamber 146 that receives the separation load 145 is i!

closed by a sealing veil 148 which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis 14 and which prevents any direct fire transmission from the main channel 160 to the separation load 145.

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The operation of the ammunition illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is as follows.

Ammunition 10 is placed by bayonet mount

I via pin 30 on the launching mortar, in a 'classic' way.

i i Applying an appropriate tension between the support i

and the contact point 44 ensures the supply of the igniter 36 and thereafter the ignition of the ejection charge 48.

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The gases developed by the ejection charge 48 call piston 50 and projectile 100 to the front of the shell ^! 12. The effort transmitted to the cap 60 causes the pin 62 to be cut and the projectile 100 to be ejected. Simultaneously, the ejection gases that pass through the opening 52 in the piston 50 and / or the hole 174, expand in the channel 160.

; For this reason, in the ejection, the fire is transmitted through the central channel 160 (and through the oblique openings 172) to the two fumigant sub-loads 150, 152 taking up their regime, and to the trajectory retarder 124.

During the ejection of the projectile 100 out of the case 12, the safety piston 142 is moved to the release position.

The fire passages connecting the relays 126 to the starter charge 144 and to the separation charge 145 that were initially filled, are then released.

At the end of retardation combustion 124, relay 126 is ignited and it transmits fire to the starter charge 144 and the separation charge 145.

The separation charge guarantees the separation of the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel 150, 152 and the powder charge 110, by breaking the means that initially connect them (for example, by breaking the rod 160).

The starter charge 144 transmits the fire to the rod 112 which, during its explosion, triggers the powder 110 according to a disc with the axis centered on the path. Gunpowder 110 can be formed, for example, from metal particles in brass.

Furthermore, the explosion of the cane 112 stops the displacement of the fumigant charges 150, 152 to ensure that they are put into service in a position relatively close to the launch point, despite a high ejection speed of the fumigant charges 150, 152. The fumigant charges 150, 152 are put into operation on the ground. These fumigant charges 150, 152, during combustion, generate an opaque infrared cloud.

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The trajectory retarder 124 is adapted to guarantee an almost instant triggering of the powder charge 110, that is, in less than one second after the initiation of the inflammation and preferably in the order of 0.3 to 0.4 seconds after this initiation. .

trigger location of the powder charge 110, that is to say, the distance that separates the trigger point from the launch point, is determined, on the one hand, by the ejection speed, on the other hand, by the trajectory time.

According to the invention, the ejection charge 48 and the path delay 124 are adapted to guarantee the triggering of the powder charge 110 at a distance of the order of ten meters from the launch point.

In addition, the ejection charge 48 and the explosive cane 112, which ensures the braking effect on the fumigant charge 150, 152, are preferably adapted to guarantee the fall of the fumigant charges 150, 152 approximately 30 or 40 meters from the launch.

These fumigant charges 150, 152 are adapted to be set at approximately ten seconds after ignition of the ejection charge 48 and to generate a thick cloud of smoke for approximately 30 to 60 seconds.

As illustrated in figure 3, preferably, according to the present invention, a plurality of ammunition is stripped; simultaneously in the direction of the threat. These ammunition <are ejected by means of a plurality of mortars showing equi-distributed azimuths, in order to trigger a camouflage cloud with a considerable horizon [; between the launch point (vehicle to be protected) and the threat11i

1: detected. Lij

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A vein is shown schematically in figure 3. vehicle to be protected, referenced V and the camouflage obtained by

Ijection of 5 projectiles according to the invention. The projectile ejection is operated with a shot fired with a low trajectory, for example, 11 ° from the horizontal, in such a way that the axis of the clouds of particles resulting from the powder charges 110 is almost horizontal.

More precisely, it is deduced from figure 3, 5 clouds of ^ metallic particles in brass referenced M and 5 clouds of l [smoke referenced F diffused by the fumigant charges 150,; 152.

As previously indicated, clouds of metallic particles M are triggered approximately 10 meters from the vehicle V to be protected, while clouds of smoke F are generated approximately 30 to 40 meters from vehicle V.

As an example, the explosive cane 112 can be adapted to generate a cloud of metallic particles M having a diameter of the order of 7 meters and a thickness of the order of 1 to 2 meters.

Of course, the azimuths of the various mortars that receive ammunition in accordance with the present invention, are adapted to guarantee coverage of both clouds of metal particles M and clouds of smoke F, to generate a continuous camouflage screen.

The vertical median plane defined by the clouds of metallic particles M and the clouds of smoke F extend perpendicularly to a line connecting the vehicle V to protect and the threat detected.

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According to another variant of the practical implementation tested by the applicants who gave satisfaction, the ammunition 10> according to the invention is triggered in the direction of the threat by salvo of 6 according to a total opening angle of 120 °.

| Of course, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments that have just been described, but to any variants that are in accordance with its spirit.

RESUME

The present invention relates to a fumigene projectile of the type that comprises at least one pyrotechnic composition vessel (150, 152) capable of generating smoke during its combustion. According to the invention, the projectile also comprises, before the fumigating pyrotechnic vessel, in the direction of ejection, a powder charge (110) and an explosive cane (112) capable of triggering the powder charge and locking the composition (150, 152).

Claims (10)

R E I V I NDICATIONS I 1â - Projectile of the type that comprises at least [a pyrotechnic composition vase (150, 152). ! able to generate smoke during its combustion, and a contrast absorbent powder charge (110) in the infrared scope, characterized by the fact that: - the powder charge (110) is placed in front of the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel, in the direction of the ejection, - an explosive cane (112) is associated with the powder charge j (110) to trigger it, and í i- the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel (150, 152) has i a longitudinal channel (160) for the transmission of fire to the explosive cane (112), in such a way that it explodes quickly: in the trajectory after the launch of the projectile, with the thinness: on the one hand, of guaranteeing the almost insjtantaneo of the powder charge (110) and on the other hand, of locking the pyrotechnic composition vessel (150, 1 52) before which. want dispersion of this. [! I 2 - Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder charge [(110) is formed by brass powder. í | 3a - Projectile according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the [explosive cane (112) is centered on the axis of the projectile (14), the powder charge (110) surrounding the cane (112) in all its iperiphery and covering the front end of that cane, in such a way that the explosive cane (112) triggers the charge of [gunpowder (110) in the form of a full disk. I ^: ij I 4â - Projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that [it comprises a separation charge (145) interspersed between the [powder charge (110) and the fumi pyrotechnic composition vessel; gene (150, 152). i | 5 - Projectile according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel (150, 152) is connected to a case (114) that houses the powder charge (110) by means of connection ( 170) I i adapted to be cut when the separation load! (145) is inflamed. I Projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that the connection means (170) are chosen from the group comprising: a sleeve i thermo-retractable coating, an epoxy bonding member, an adhesive tape bonding member or a central stem. I ί 7a - Projectile according to any of claims 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that ^; the connection means are constituted by a central rod i, (170) formed by a sleeve provided with a plurality of oblong openings (172). I 8a - Projectile according to any of the claims ^! indications 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that hi: ; fumigene pyrotechnic composition vase be divided into it i different procedures (150, 152). i [ 9a - Projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that it comprises an ignited trajectory retardant (124) during ejection of the projectile, a pyrotechnic relay (126) associated with the trajectory delay, a separation load | (145) interspersed between the powder charge (110) and the fumigant pyrotechnic composition vessel (150, 152), an initial charge (144) associated with the explosive cane (112) and a safety plunger (142) interspersed in the fire passages connecting the relay (126) to the separating load (145) and the starting load I (144), the safety piston (142) being movable between a safety position, in storage, in which it closes the fire passages and a release position, in which, after ejection, it releases the fire passages. i 10â - Ammunition for vehicle protection, characterized by the fact that it contains a shell (12) with a projectile (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a pyrotechnic load (48) disposed on the bottom of the socket for ejecting the projectile. I Corresponding request was filed in France, under number 87 03415, on March 12, 1987, whose priority remains.