LT6918B - Thermonuclear reaction method and reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Pirmos paraiškos referatas Thermonuclear reaction method and reactorAbstractThe invention relates to nuclear power, and more particularly to controlled thermonuclear fusion using countercurrent flows of deuterium nuclei.A thermonuclear reaction method is proposed in which opposing streams of deuterium nuclei collide, nuclear fusion occurs, the reaction products propagate in all directions (360 °) perpendicular (90 °) to the direction of the streams of deuterium nuclei, converting their kinetic energies. (The kinetic energies of tritium, ³He nuclei, and protons are directly converted into electricity, and the products themselves are neutralized), neutrons are neutralized by converting their kinetic energy into heat.The proposed reactor is constructed of two deuterium nuclear accelerators (1,1a) and a reaction product energy converter (2). Accelerators (1,1a) are mounted in the center of the converter (2) on both sides. Accelerators (1,1a) are cylindrical chambers (7,7a) connected to the disk (19) of the converter (2). The reactor has a full range of equipment for controlling the flow of deuterium nuclei and removing and controlling the kinetic energy of the reaction products.The invention relates to nuclear power, and more particularly to controlled thermonuclear fusion using countercurrent flows of deuterium nuclei. A thermonuclear reaction method is proposed in which opposing streams of deuter ium nuclei collide, nuclear fusion occurs, the reaction products propagate in all directions (360 °) perpendicular (90 °) to the direction of the streams of deuterium nuclei, converting their kinetic energies. (The kinetic energies of tritium, ³He nuclei, and protons are directly converted into electricity, and the products themselves are neutralized), neutrons are neutralized by converting their kinetic energy into heat.The proposed reactor is constructed of two deuterium nuclear accelerators (1,1a) and a reaction product energy converter (2). Accelerators (1,1a) are mounted in the center of the converter (2) on both sides. Accelerators (1,1a) are cylindrical chambers (7,7a) connected to the disk (19) of the converter (2). The reactor has a full range of equipment for controlling the flow of deuterium nuclei and removing and controlling the kinetic energy of the reaction products.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention is directed to nuclear energy, more specifically, to controlled thermonuclear fusion using counterflows of deuterium nuclei.

HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

in 1931 American scientist Harold Jura (Harold C. Urey) isolated deuterium from water for the first time and found that energy is released when two deuterium nuclei fuse.

in 1964 Russian physicists L.A. Arcimovič (Π.Α. Apuumobmh) and S.J. Lukyanov (C.K). JlyKbHHOB) proved the possibility of a thermonuclear reaction in the collision of two deuterium nuclei. Almost six decades have passed since then, and humanity still does not have thermonuclear reactors that can replace classical energy sources. Every year there are new inventions and new attempts to control the thermonuclear reaction.

STATE OF THE ART

We will briefly review known technical solutions.

There is a known invention (see patent GB2249863), where portions of protons are accelerated in accelerators, focused by electromagnetic fields, and collide with each other. These types of collisions generate radiation - more energy is created than is consumed and can be extracted as heat.

The disadvantage of this invention is that it does not specify a method and equipment for utilizing the released energy.

The invention US4650630 describes a device in which two ion beams, preferably one of deuterium and the other of tritium, are accelerated in a vacuum and collide (merge). Fibers can be accelerated in straight chambers lined up opposite each other, but can also move in circular chambers. As the particles coalesce, energy is gained and removed as a heat-absorbing fluid that circulates around the vacuum chamber.

As with the inventions listed above, the drawback of this invention is energy harvesting.

There is a known series of inventions by the German inventor Bakai S. (see DE19910146 (1998), DE10033969 (2000), DE10125760 (2001), DE202004014903 (2004), DE102004052855 (2004) and DE102010006951 (2010)) in which the scheme of the thermonuclear reactor is successively improved. construction. The designs use elliptical or similar-shaped ring accelerators, which have a common zone (reactor) in the center, where nuclear fusion takes place.

the disadvantage of these constructions is that it is difficult to remove the reaction products from the reaction center and use the released energy.

The prototype of this invention is invention FR2658653, which provides a device having two deuterium nucleus generators facing each other, each with an energy of at least 300 keV. Between the generators there is a space where the nuclei collide (fusion). This type of collision generates radiation - a greater amount of energy is created than is consumed and can be extracted in the form of heat.

The disadvantage of this invention is that it does not specify a method and equipment for harvesting and using the released energy.

The following assumptions are made in the proposed invention:

it is intended that the main fusion products are tritium nuclei and protons, and the by-products, which appear only during reactor tuning, are ³ He nuclei and neutrons;

after the collision of deuterium nuclei, fusion products will scatter perpendicular to the collision axis (close to 90° angle) and around (360°) the collision axis;

the kinetic energy of the reaction products ( ³ He nuclei, protons and tritium nuclei) is directly converted into electrical energy, and neutron energy is converted into heat.

In order to achieve these goals, a method of thermonuclear fusion is proposed, where the following steps are performed to obtain fusion:

deuterium gas is ionized in repeated doses;

deuterium nuclei are separated and localized;

deuterium nuclei are fed into accelerators;

deuterium nuclei are accelerated in the electrostatic fields of accelerators, providing an energy of at least 72.5 keV;

both opposing streams of deuterium nuclei are focused and adjusted so that a collision occurs (nuclear fusion);

fusion products - ³ He nuclei, tritium nuclei, protons and neutrons are spread around the no-pass zone (collision point) of deuterium nuclei (360°) and at an angle close to 90° in relation to the direction of the deuterium nuclei flows;

in electrostatic fields, radially propagating fusion products - ³ He nuclei, tritium nuclei, protons are stopped to low energies, converting their kinetic energy into electrical energy, and neutrons are stopped and neutralized in the water medium.

In addition, it is proposed to remove ³ He nuclei after stopping to low energies from the propagation zone of fusion products - separate, direct for neutralization, neutralize and remove.

It is also proposed to increase the energy of the deuterium nuclei and, after adjusting the focus, achieve that the fusion products are only tritium nuclei and protons.

A variant of the synthesis method is proposed, when deuterium nuclei are fed in portions to only one accelerator.

The present invention proposes a thermonuclear reactor having two deuterium nuclear accelerators and two deuterium gas tanks with electromagnetic valves, in which: the accelerators are made as vacuum cylindrical chambers and have two compartments each tentatively named deuterium nuclei chambers and deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chambers, and reaction products energy converter, deuterium nuclear chambers are sections of vacuum cylindrical chambers, each of which has two anodes installed in the inner part and a cylindrical cathode between them, and a magnetic lens (solenoid) outside, in the cathode zone, an ionizer installed inside or outside the chambers;

deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chambers are sections of a vacuum cylindrical chamber, inside each of which an anode and a cathode are installed, and an electromagnetic lens and a correction system are installed on the outside above the cathode;

the energy converter of the reaction products has the shape of a hollow disk, the peripheral part of which ends with a conical ring inserted inside the hollow toroidal ring.

deuterium nuclear accelerators are installed on both sides of the converter disk, in its center, perpendicular to the plane of the disk, and their internal cavities connect to each other;

the energy converter of the reaction products has radially arranged zones in the center of which there is a fusion zone of deuterium nuclei, further away from the center there are radially arranged zones of kinetic energy conversion into electrical energy (stopping) and utilization of reaction products:

³ Zone of stopping He nuclei and their disposal;

the zone of stopping tritium nuclei and their reaction with the electrode material;

zone of stopping protons and their reaction with the electrode material;

neutron utilization zone.

The zone of energy conversion, stopping and utilization of ³ He nuclei is made as two hollow toroids, connected and placed on the sides of the converter disk, and electrodes are made around the places of ring connections of the toroids with the converter, which perform the function of energy conversion and stopping of ³ He nuclei, as well as in the internal cavities of the toroids , looking from their central parts to the peripheral parts, ring electrodes, grids, membranes and ³ He nuclei neutralization chambers are made;

energy conversion zones of protons and tritium nuclei are made as triads of concentric electrodes arranged on the inner walls of the converter (disk);

the neutron utilization zone consists of conical and toroidal rings, the cavities of which are filled with water.

A version of the reactor is proposed where it has a single deuterium gas tank with an electromagnetic valve.

It is suggested that the walls of the conical ring be made of cadmium or its alloys or of tungsten, lead amalgam, and the walls of the toroidal ring be made of heat-resistant stainless steel.

ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the invention is explained in the drawings, which show:

fig. 1 - general view of the reactor;

fig. 2 - construction of reactor deuterium accelerators (symmetrical) fig. 3 - reactor converter design;

fig, 4 - electrical structural diagram of the reactor;

fig. 5 - design of reactor deuterium nuclear accelerators (asymmetrical);

fig.6 - deuterium nuclei focusing scheme.

Description of the construction of a thermonuclear reactor. The reactor, fig.1, consists of two deuterium nuclear accelerators (hereinafter referred to as accelerators) 1 and 1a and a reaction product energy converter (hereinafter referred to as converter) 2. Accelerators 1 and 1a are installed in the center of converter 2 on both sides. Fig. 1, the following elements are still visible: deuterium gas tanks 3, 3a with electromagnetic valves 3.1, 3.1a, connected to accelerators 1, 1a; toroids 4 and 4a; ring connections 5, 5a; converter 2 toroidal ring 6.

Fig.2 shows a symmetrical construction of accelerators, in which both accelerators 1 and 1 a are identical and installed in one line opposite each other.

Only the accelerator 1 is described below. The main part of the accelerator 1 is a vacuum cylindrical chamber 7. It is conditionally divided into a deuterium nuclei chamber 8 and a deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9. The deuterium nuclei chamber 8 contains anodes 10, 11, a cathode 12 and an ionizer 13. Anodes 10 , 11 are disc-shaped, have concave surfaces and are installed at the ends of the chamber 8 with concave surfaces facing each other, and a cylindrical cathode 12 is installed between them. The cylindrical chamber 6 is surrounded by an electromagnetic lens 14 in the area of the cathode 13. The ionizer 13 is located between the anode 10 and the cathode 12 The anode 10 has a hole in the center and is connected to the deuterium gas tank 3 through the electromagnetic shutter 3.1. Inside the deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9, a disk-shaped concave anode 15 and a cylindrical cathode 16 are installed, and outside the chamber 9 - an electromagnetic lens 17 and a correction system 18. Anodes 11 and 15 have holes in the center, placed with a gap, flat surfaces approx Egyptians facing each other. They additionally perform the function of an electrostatic shutter. As mentioned, Accelerator 1a is identical to Accelerator 1, so its parts and assembly positions are the same, only with the letter "a". The numbers of the electrical terminals correspond to the part numbers to which they are connected, only with the letter "e".

The construction part of the converter 2 is shown in the section in fig.3. The main part of the converter 2 is a hollow vacuum disk 19, the peripheral part of which ends with a conical ring 20. The disk 19 with a conical ring 20 can be conditionally divided into radially arranged zones. In the center of the disc - nuclear fusion zone (nuclear fusion zone) 19.1, moving away from the center - zone 19.2 of stopping ³ He nuclei and their utilization, zone 19.3 of stopping tritium nuclei and their reaction with electrode material, zone 19.4 of stopping protons and their reaction with electrode material and neutron utilization zone 19.5.

The disk 19 in the center (in the nuclear fusion zone 19.1) is connected on both sides to the cylindrical vacuum chambers 7 and 7a of the accelerators 1 and 1a.

³ He nuclei energy conversion, stopping and utilization zone 19.2 is made as two hollow toroids 4, 4a, connected by ring connections 5, 5a with the disk 19 of the converter 2. Electrodes 21, 22 are made in the places of the ring connections 5 and 5a with the disk 19, which perform energy conversion and stopping function of ³ He nuclei.

³ The function of utilization of He nuclei inside the ring joints 5 and 5a and in the inner cavities of the toroids 4, 4a is performed by ring electrodes 23, 23a, grids 24, 24a, membranes 25, 25a, grids 26, 26a and heating elements 27, 27a.

The zone 19.3 of stopping the tritium nuclei and their reaction with the material of the electrodes consists of a triad of electrodes 28, 29, 30.

Zone 19.4 of stopping protons and their reaction with the electrode material consists of a triad of electrodes 31, 32, 33.

The neutron utilization zone 19.5 consists of a conical ring 20 and a toroidal ring 6 surrounding it. The toroidal ring 6 is double-walled, the cavity between the conical ring 20 and the inner wall of the toroid 6 and the cavity between the walls of the toroid 6 are filled with water.

The numbers of the electrical terminals correspond to the numbers of the electrodes to which they are connected, only with the letter "e".

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the reactor's main power sources. The numbering of electrical sources and outputs corresponds to the position numbers indicated in fig. 2, fig.3 and fig.5. Power sources are additionally marked with the letter "s". The voltages of the power sources with respect to the grounded terminal 33e are indicated in the table:

Source pos. No. tension Source pos. No. tension 11s -(3.02 MV+( 0 V to 5 V)) 25s -(2.61 MV +0.511+5 V) 12s -(3.02 MV+(13.5V to 18.5 V)) 26s -(2.61 MV+0.5U+10V) 15s -3.02 MW 27s -(2.61 MV+0.5U +6 V) 16s -(3.02 MV+U) 28s -(2.01 MV+U+100V) 21s -(2.61 MV + 0.5U +50 V) 29s -(2.01 MV+U+200 V) 22s -(2.61 MV +0.5 U) 30s -(2.01 MV+U) 23s -(2.61 MV+0.5U+100V) 31s -100 V 24s -(2.61 MV +0.5U-1 V) 32s -200 V 33e OV Where U = (from 72.5 kV to 725 kV)

Power sources, pos. 23s, 29s and 32, must be reversed.

Fig. 5 shows the asymmetric design of the accelerators.

Accelerator 1 is analogous to fig.2, and the other accelerator 1b, installed opposite, is passive - it only has a deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9b. All other elements are the same as in Accelerator 1. Their element positions consist of a number and the letter "b".

Fig. 6 shows a section of the accelerator and a diagram of the movement of deuterium nuclei. It shows deuterium nuclei movement trajectories 34 and 35 in deuterium nuclei chamber 8 and deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9, respectively.

Reactor operation with symmetrical design of accelerators. As it was mentioned in the description of the structure, accelerators 1 and 1a are identical, therefore the processes taking place in the accelerators are described only in accelerator 1 and it is assumed that analogous processes will also take place in accelerator 1a. We will describe the interaction processes of accelerators 1 and 1a separately.

When the electromagnetic valve 3.1 is activated, a portion of neutral deuterium gas from the deuterium gas container 3 enters the deuterium nucleus chamber 8 of the vacuum cylindrical chamber 7. The ionizer 13 ionizes the deuterium gas, as a result of which the deuterium atoms are excited, their electrons are far from the nucleus. Since they (electrons) are in an electric field with a potential difference of about 14 volts, the electrons with a negative charge collapse (neutralize) at a high speed to the nearest positive anode 10. Deuterium nuclei move at a much slower speed towards the cathode 12. Electromagnetic lenses 14 are being developed the magnetic field does not allow the deuterium nuclei to reach the surface of the cathode 12, so they move further towards the anode 11 due to inertia. A stationary process is established in the deuterium nuclei chamber 8, the repetitive movement of the deuterium nuclei between the anodes 10 and 11 takes place. 6.

Adjacent anodes 11, 15, made with central holes, play the role of an electrostatic valve - when there is a potential difference between the anodes of +5 V (on anode 15) the valve is closed, when there is no potential difference between the anodes, the electrostatic valve is open and deuterium nuclei pass through the central holes in the anodes 11, 15 can enter (enters) deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9.

The operation of the electrostatic valves between the anodes 11, 15 and 11a, 15a must be synchronized, they must open and close simultaneously. The deuterium nuclei that simultaneously entered the acceleration and focusing chambers 9, 9a between the anode 15 and the cathode 16, as well as between the anode 15a and the cathode 16a, according to the trajectories 35 are shown in fig. 6. At the tips of the trajectory cones between the cathodes 16 and 16a, the so-called no-passage zone of deuterium nuclei is formed, conditions are created for nuclei to converge and collide.

In the stable mode of the reactor, valves 3.1 and 3.1a, as well as electrostatic valves are controlled in automatic mode and maintain a constant current of deuterium nuclei between anode 15 and cathode 16 and between anode 15a and cathode 16a.

Conditions required for nuclear collisions (zone 19.1). As is known, the products of the reaction of deuterium nuclei are ³ He nuclei, tritium nuclei, protons and neutrons. Beneficial reaction products are protons and tritium nuclei, while ³ He nuclei and neutrons are undesirable. When two deuterium nuclei, moving at the same speed, converge maximally in its center (in the nuclear fusion zone 19.1), collide and stop, their kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy, and if its amount is sufficient, one of two energy collapses occurs, requiring a smaller amount of potential energy the collapse ends with the appearance of ³ He nuclei and neutrons, and the amount of potential energy exceeding 1450 eV allows the formation of protons and tritium nuclei. In deuterium collisions in the energy range from 72.5 to 725 keV, ^3He nuclei and neutrons account for 4.5% to 0.6%, with tritium nuclei and protons accounting for the rest. This energy range is chosen because it is easy to control the kinetic energy of the reaction products in this range, since the reaction products scatter at angles close to 90°, from 84.5° to 95.5° at 72.5 keV and from 88.5° to 91.5 ° at 725 keV, and ³ He nuclei and neutrons are emitted very little or not at all.

Conversion of reaction products. As already mentioned, the trajectories of all reaction products are perpendicular (close to 90°) to the trajectories of movement of deuterium nuclei in accelerators. This means that they will scatter in all directions in one plane, which is in the center of the disk 19 of the converter 2. The periphery of the disk 19 is divided into separate zones.

Zone 19.2 - ³ zone of stopping He nuclei and their utilization. ³ A He nucleus has two protons, and a voltage of 0.41 MV is enough to stop it completely. Electrode 21 stops , and electrode 22 finally stops ³ He nuclei, and electrodes 23, 23a located in ring connections 5, 5a direct them through grids 24, 24a, membranes 25, 25a and grids 26, 26a to toroids 4, 4a, in which , after connecting the electrons emitted by electrodes 27 and 27a, are neutralized, become a helium atom and cannot return back.

Zone 19.3 - the zone of suspension of tritium nuclei and their reaction with the electrode material. Tritium nuclei are stopped by anode triads 28, 29, 30 and 28a, 29a, 30a.

Completely stopped tritium nuclei, having reached the surface of the electrodes, are neutralized by connecting with the material of this electrode to form a metal hydride, and their kinetic energy during braking is directly converted into electrical energy.

Zone 19.4 - the zone of stopping protons and their reaction with the electrode material. Protons are stopped and neutralized by electrode triads 31, 32, 33 and 31a, 32a, 33a. Protons, having released their kinetic energy, which during braking is directly converted into electrical energy, and when they collide with the free electrons of the electrodes, they are neutralized, and when they connect with the material of this electrode, they form a metal hydride.

Zone 19.5 - neutron utilization zone. Cadmium rods are used to block fast neutrons in nuclear reactors and to control and shut down the reactor. The proposed reactor uses a conical ring 20 for neutron capture, which can also be made of cadmium or its alloys, it will be heated by neutrons and heat the water around jj (primary outline). The water in the toroidal ring 6 (secondary circuit) will be able to be used as a thermal energy carrier. Neutrons suspended in water initially turn into protons, and later, reacting with hydrogen peroxide impurities, turn into water molecules in water.

Reactor operation with asymmetric design of accelerators, fig.5. A reactor with an asymmetric design works cyclically. The operation of the reactor in this design is controlled by an electrostatic valve (anodes 11 and 15). The electrostatic valve (anodes 11 and 15) will be closed when anode 15 has a positive potential with respect to anode 11, when there is no potential difference - the electrostatic valve (anodes 11 and 15) will be open.

After opening the electrostatic shutter, a portion of the deuterium nuclei enters the deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9. When this portion fills the distance between the anode 15 and the collision point of the nuclei, in the center of the converter 2, the electrostatic shutter closes. While the electrostatic valve is closed, the first portion of deuterium nuclei fills the distance between the collision point of the nuclei and the anode 15b, to which the first portion of deuterium nuclei will begin to move back. At that time, the electrostatic shutter opens again for twice as long and two more portions of deuterium nuclei enter the deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chamber 9, and while the last portion of deuterium nuclei fills the distance between the anode 15 and the collision point, the previous two portions of deuterium nuclei turn into reaction products and enter to converter 2. The electrostatic valve now closes again. The process then repeats itself periodically. During the repetition of the mentioned processes, only significantly less often, an additional portion of deuterium nuclei is added in the deuterium nuclei chamber 8 by opening and closing the electromagnetic shutter 3.1.

The proposed thermonuclear reaction method and reactor have the following characteristics.

It is a plasmaless reactor, it does not generate plasma and does not have high temperatures. The proposed method and reactor can be used as a low-power electrical device for the production of electricity and thermal energy. It can develop a power of (15- 45) kW and its useful performance factor will be more than

70%. The diameter and length of such a reactor will not exceed four meters. The design of the reactor is simple, practically no harmful and environmentally hazardous products are released. Conditionally cheap fuel, it will be consumed in small quantities

Claims (10)

The method of thermonuclear fusion, which uses oppositely directed flows of deuterium nuclei in accelerators in a vacuum, is different in that the following steps are performed to obtain synthesis: deuterium gas is ionized in repeated doses; deuterium nuclei are separated and localized; deuterium nuclei are fed into accelerators; deuterium nuclei are accelerated in the electrostatic fields of accelerators, providing an energy of at least 72.5 keV; both opposing streams of deuterium nuclei are focused so that a collision occurs (nuclear fusion); fusion products - ³He nuclei, tritium nuclei, protons and neutrons are spread around the collision point (360⁰) at an angle close to 90° to the direction of the deuterium nuclei flows; in electrostatic fields, radially propagating fusion products - ³He nuclei, tritium nuclei, protons are stopped to low energies, converting their kinetic energy into electrical energy, while neutrons are stopped and neutralized in the water medium. Synthesis method according to claim 1, which differs in that: 3He nuclei, suspended to low energies, are removed from the propagation zone of fusion products, separated, directed to neutralization, neutralized and removed; when the tritium nuclei reach the surface of the electrodes, their kinetic energy is directly converted into electrical energy, and the suspended nuclei combine with the material of the electrodes to form metal hydride; protons, the kinetic energy during braking is directly converted into electrical energy, and when they collide with the free electrons of the electrode material, they combine to form a metal hydride The method of synthesis according to claim 2, but differs in that by increasing the energy of the deuterium nuclei and adjusting the focus, it is achieved that the synthesis products are only tritium nuclei and protons. The method of synthesis according to claim 1, but differs in that the deuterium nuclei are fed in portions to only one accelerator. A thermonuclear reactor with two deuterium nuclear accelerators (1,1a) and two deuterium gas tanks (3,3a) with electromagnetic valves (3.1, 3.1a) differs in that: accelerators (1,1a) are made as vacuum cylindrical chambers ( 7,7a) and has two sections each, conditionally named deuterium nuclei chambers (8,8a) and deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chambers (9,9a), has a reaction products energy converter (2), deuterium nuclei chambers (8,8a) - these are sections of vacuum cylindrical chambers, in the inner part of each of which two anodes (10,11 and 10a, 11a) and a cylindrical cathode (12,12a) are installed, and on the outside (in the cathode area) an electromagnetic lens (solenoid) (14,14a), chambers internal or external ionizer (13,13a); deuterium nuclei acceleration and focusing chambers (9,9a) are sections of a vacuum cylindrical chamber, inside each of which an anode (15,15a) and a cathode (16,16a) are installed, and an electromagnetic lens (17,17a) and a correction system are installed on the outside above the cathode (18,18a); the reaction products energy converter (2) has the shape of a hollow disk (19), the peripheral part of which ends with a conical ring (20) inserted inside the hollow toroidal ring (6), deuterium nuclear accelerators (1,1a) are installed from both sides of the converter (2) sides of the disk (19), in its center, perpendicular to the plane of the disk, and their internal cavities connect to each other; the reaction products energy converter (2) has radially arranged zones: in the center - the deuterium nuclei fusion zone (19.1), further away from the center are the kinetic energy conversion into electrical energy (stopping) and reaction products utilization zones: ³He nuclei stopping and their utilization zone ( 19.2); the zone of stopping tritium nuclei and their reaction with electrode material (19.3); zone of stopping protons and their reaction with electrode material (19.4); neutron utilization zone (19.5). The reactor according to claim 5, but differs in that the zone of energy conversion, stopping and utilization of ³He nuclei (19.2) is made as two hollow toroids, (4,4a) connected to the sides of the disk (19) of the converter (2) by means of ring connections (5,5a) , electrodes (21,22) are made around the ring connections (5,5a) with the disk (19) of the converter (2), which perform the function of energy conversion and stopping of ³He nuclei; ring electrodes (23,23a), grids (24,24a), membranes (25) are made in the inner cavities of ring connectors (5,5a) and toroids (4,4a), looking from the disk (19) of the converter (2) to the peripheral parts ,25a), grids (26,26a) and heating elements (27,27a). The reactor according to claim 5, but differs in that the energy conversion zones of protons and tritium nuclei (19.3 and (19.4)) are made as triads of concentric electrodes (28,29,30) and (31,32,33) arranged on the disk of the converter (2) ( 19) in the inner walls. Reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that it has one deuterium gas container (3) with an electromagnetic valve (3.1). Reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that the neutron utilization zone (19.5) consists of conical (20) and toroidal (6) rings, the cavities of which are filled with water. The reactor according to points 5, 9 differs in that the conical ring (20) can be made of cadmium or its alloys, or of tungsten, lead amalgam, and the walls of the toroidal ring (6) are made of heat-resistant stainless steel.