KR20220082341A - Continuous biomass carbonization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention continuously generates carbides while passing through the preheating means, the heating means, and the steam generating means in sequence, and continuously supplies the waste heat of the carbonization tank to the preheating means to produce high-quality carbides and steam, and to increase the thermal efficiency. It relates to a biomass carbonization apparatus suitable for mass production that can be increased as much as possible, in the carbonization apparatus for producing carbide by heating a natural raw material, wherein the natural raw material passes through the preheating tank of the preheating means and the carbonization tank of the heating means in turn, waste heat generated in the carbonization tank is supplied to the preheating tank and mixed with natural raw materials, the carbonization tank is heated by a combustion tank that burns wood fuel, and the gas discharged from the preheating tank is transferred to the combustion tank It is discharged after passing through the smoke control, and the carbide generated in the carbonization tank is passed through a steam generating means to produce a recyclable steam.
Therefore, the present invention supplies high-temperature gas generated in the process of carbonizing natural raw materials to a preheating tank, mixing with natural raw materials, and then using a plurality of electric heaters in the carbonization tank to heat through the carbonization space blocked from external air, By heating at the same time through the combustion space that burns wood fuel, high-quality carbide can be generated, fuel can be saved, and heat loss can be minimized to maximize thermal efficiency. In addition, the present invention continuously produces carbide and steam while the natural raw material passes through the preheating means, the carbonization tank of the heating means, and the steam generating means in turn, and the natural raw material passes through the carbonization tank of the heating means and is supplied to the preheating means. It is suitable for mass production by continuously producing high-temperature gas, and the combustion tank has the advantage of being more eco-friendly through the smoke control action by heating and discharging the gas collected from the preheating tank. In addition, steam generated from the carbide can be recycled using the steam generating means, and by combining the air inlet blocking member to the spent fuel discharge part and the carbide discharge part, there is an advantage that can fundamentally block the inflow of external air. .

Description

Continuous biomass carbonization device

The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for producing carbonized powder for forming charcoal, and more particularly, a natural raw material continuously generates carbonized material while passing through a preheating means, a heating means, and a steam generating means in sequence, and is carbonized in the preheating means It relates to a continuous biomass carbonizer suitable for mass production that can produce high-quality carbides and steam by continuously supplying waste heat from a tank, and can maximize thermal efficiency.

In general, carbonization refers to a phenomenon in which an organic material is heated under suitable conditions through thermal decomposition to generate amorphous carbon. For example, charcoal (charcoal) is produced in a way that cuts off the supply of air and heats the wood-based material, or heats it with very little air to remove all the volatile components in the wood-based material and leave only the carbon component, When coal is dried, it becomes coke, and when a candle is lit, soot is produced. Most organic substances cause carbonization at 300~400℃, and the decomposition process is different depending on the substance.

Charcoal produced by carbonization of wood-based raw materials has been traditionally used for air/water purification due to its high adsorption capacity. It is also widely used for supplies. In particular, in recent years, as interest in the environment and health increases, the demand for charcoal continues to increase.

The carbonization process equipment for producing charcoal has traditionally used the kiln (charcoal kiln) type, which fills the raw material in a carbonization furnace made of bricks, ventilates it naturally, and ignites it to induce combustion of some fuel, and the heat of combustion of the remaining raw materials It is a method of carbonization by supplying heat to the However, according to the above method, it is difficult to control the temperature in the carbonization furnace, and ventilation is also natural, so there is a problem that high quality charcoal cannot be produced.

In order to overcome this problem, some mechanical carbonization process facilities are being developed. In this case, there is an advantage in that high-quality charcoal and wood vinegar can be obtained because fossil fuels such as diesel or LNG are used and the air supply is controlled to accurately supply the desired amount of heat per unit time to the raw material to perform carbonization.

However, according to the above method, since the use of fossil fuels is unavoidable, the production cost of charcoal increases and productivity is lowered, and there is a problem in that carbon dioxide is emitted and environmental pollution problems occur.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1140677 discloses a first carbonization furnace capable of producing high-quality wood vinegar using biomass fuel and/or low-grade solid fuel; And it is possible to reduce fuel costs by including a second carbonization furnace capable of producing high-quality charcoal by re-carbonizing the carbide carbonized in the first carbonization furnace, and setting the temperature of the first carbonization furnace and the second carbonization furnace to the optimum temperature, respectively. We provide a two-stage carbonization system that can produce high-quality wood vinegar and charcoal by controlling the

However, this conventional carbonization system is not suitable for mass production because it cannot continuously produce carbides, and it is uneconomical because waste heat and steam generated during the heating process cannot be recycled.

An object of the present invention is to provide a continuous biomass carbonization apparatus suitable for mass production by improving so that natural raw materials can be heated while being continuously transferred by a transfer screw to solve the above problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a continuous biomass carbonization apparatus capable of generating high-quality carbides and increasing thermal efficiency by improving the use of waste heat generated during the carbonization process of natural raw materials as a heat source.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a continuous biomass carbonization apparatus improved so that it can be recycled by generating steam from high-temperature carbide.

The continuous biomass carbonization apparatus according to the present invention is a carbonization apparatus for producing carbide by heating a natural raw material, wherein the natural raw material passes sequentially through a preheating tank of a preheating means and a carbonization tank of a heating means to generate carbides, Waste heat generated from the carbonization tank is supplied to the preheating tank and mixed with natural raw materials, the carbonization tank is heated by a combustion tank that burns wood fuel, and the gas discharged from the preheating tank is transferred to the combustion tank and subjected to a smoke control action. After being discharged, the carbide generated in the carbonization tank is characterized in that it produces steam that can be recycled while passing through the steam generating means.

According to the continuous biomass carbonization apparatus according to the present invention, high-heat gas generated in the process of carbonizing natural raw materials is supplied to a preheating tank, mixed with natural raw materials, and then mixed with external air using a plurality of electric heaters in the carbonization tank. By heating through the blocked carbonization space and simultaneously heating through the combustion space that burns wood fuel, high-quality carbide can be produced, fuel can be saved, and heat loss can be minimized to maximize thermal efficiency. have.

In addition, the present invention continuously produces carbide and steam while the natural raw material passes through the preheating means, the carbonization tank of the heating means, and the steam generating means in turn, and the natural raw material passes through the carbonization tank of the heating means and is supplied to the preheating means. It is suitable for mass production by continuously producing high-temperature gas, and the combustion tank has the advantage of being more eco-friendly through the smoke control action by heating and discharging the gas collected from the preheating tank.

In addition, the steam generated from the carbide can be recycled using the steam generating means, and by combining the air inlet blocking member to the spent fuel discharge part and the carbide discharge part, there is an advantage that can fundamentally block the inflow of external air. .

1 is a perspective view of a continuous biomass carbonization apparatus according to the present invention;
2 is a front view of a continuous biomass carbonization apparatus according to the present invention;
3 is a perspective view showing a movement path of waste heat generated in the combustion tank of the present invention;
4 is a perspective view of a preheating means according to the present invention;
5 is a perspective view of a heating means according to the present invention;
6 is a plan view of a heating means according to the present invention;
7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 5;
8 is a perspective view of a steam generating means according to the present invention;
9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 8;
10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 9 .

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the continuous biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , a preheating means 100 for preheating natural raw materials (eg, rice husk, peanut hulls, coffee powder, etc.) supplied from the raw material supply member 1 is provided on the upper side. A heating means 200 installed in the horizontal direction, which forms carbide in powder form by heating and carbonizing the preheated natural raw material, is connected to the lower side of the preheating means 100, and the lower side of the heating means 200 is carbide A steam generating means 300 for generating steam using the high heat contained in the is connected.

In the present invention, a natural raw material is continuously supplied using the raw material supply member 1, and the preheating means 100, the heating means 200, and the steam generating means 300 are continuously provided with transfer screws provided respectively. It was configured to mass-produce carbides by transferring them, and by forming a carbonization tank 40 in the heating means 200 , waste heat was transferred to the preheating means 100 to be recycled.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, the present invention provides an arrow 'A (dotted-dotted line)' indicating a transport process in which natural raw materials are carbonized, and wood fuel such as sawdust, wood chips, and fallen leaves is burned in a combustion tank (50) to heat the natural raw materials. ), the action of the arrow 'B (dotted line)' indicating the transfer process that is burned inside is performed at the same time.

In addition, the arrow 'C' shown in FIG. 3 indicates the movement of waste heat generated in the process of carbonizing natural raw materials in the carbonization tank 40, and the waste heat passes through the preheating tank 10 of the preheating means 100, The process of preheating the natural raw material being transported, transporting it to the combustion tank 50 through the transport pipe 20 and discharging it through the combustion flue 2 proceeds at the same time.

The natural raw material supplied to the raw material supply member 1 is discharged as carbonized powder through the preheating means 100, the carbonization tank 40 of the heating means 200, and the steam generating means 300 in sequence, and is compressed into various shapes. of charcoal, and the natural raw material input to the carbonization tank 40 supplies waste heat generated by heating to the preheating means 100, and the wood fuel input to the combustion tank 50 heats the natural raw material At the same time, the waste heat introduced through the transfer pipe 20 in the preheating tank 10 is burned and exhausted through the combustion flue 2 after being smoked, and the burned wood fuel is discharged and discarded.

A transfer pipe 20 for transferring waste heat is connected to the preheating tank 10 and the carbonization tank 50, and a filter box 30 for collecting and removing dust contained in gas is connected to the transfer pipe 20. ) are combined.

Hereinafter, the transport process (A) of natural raw materials, the transport process (B) of wood fuel, and the heating action, the transfer process of waste heat (C), and the preheating action will be described in detail, focusing on the configuration provided in the carbonization apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the preheating means 100 is provided with a preheating tank 10 having a cylindrical pipe shape, and a natural raw material input unit 11 into which a natural raw material is injected is provided at an upper portion of one side of the preheating tank 10 . A preheating discharge part 12 for discharging the preheated natural raw material to the carbonization tank 40 of the heating means 200 is formed in the lower part of the other side, and the supplied natural raw material is transferred by rotation on the inner side A preheating screw 13 is provided for this.

The preheating screw 13 transfers the natural raw material to the preheating discharge unit 12 by rotation. At this time, on the outer peripheral surface of the preheating screw 13, high-temperature waste heat (about 300° C.) that flows backward through the preheating discharge unit 12 ) and natural raw materials to remove dust contained in waste heat, evenly and quickly transfer waste heat to natural raw materials, and to allow moisture contained in natural raw materials and waste heat to move toward the natural raw material input unit 11. The mixing plates 13a are radially coupled to each other at intervals.

A transfer pipe 20 is connected to the front end of the preheating tank 10 , a filter box 30 is connected to the transfer tube 20 , and a valve is coupled to the lower side of the filter box 30 . A plurality of sediment outlets 31 are formed, and a liquid outlet 14 is formed at the lower portion of the front end of the preheating tank 10 to which the transfer pipe 20 is connected.

The filter box 30 has a door that can be opened and closed, so that a plurality of filters installed to be detachable inside can be easily replaced. and the sediment accumulated inside the filter box 30 is discharged through the sediment outlet 31, and the waste heat generated inside the preheating tank 10 and moisture contained in the natural raw material is discharged through the liquid outlet 14. discharged through

An inclined surface is formed on the inside of the preheating tank 10 so that the liquid deposited through the liquid discharge port 14 can be smoothly discharged, or the preheating tank 10 or the carbonization device of the present invention is inclined at an angle of about 1° to 3°. can be configured to achieve

As shown in FIG. 5, the heating means 200 is provided with a pair of carbonization tanks 40 for heating and carbonizing and transporting natural raw materials on the upper side, and burning wood fuel at the lower side of the carbonization tank 40, A combustion tank 50 for transporting is provided, and a heating input part 41 into which natural raw materials discharged from the preheating tank 10 are put is formed on one upper part of the carbonization tank 40, and the other lower part is the A heating discharge unit 42 for discharging carbides to the steam generating means 300 is formed.

A wood fuel input part 51 for inputting wood fuel is formed at the front end of the combustion tank 50, and the wood fuel inputted as shown in FIG. 6 is provided below the wood fuel input part 51. An ignition member 57 for ignition is coupled.

A waste fuel discharge unit 52 for discharging the burned wood fuel is formed in the lower rear portion of the combustion tank 50 , and natural raw materials and wood fuel are formed inside the carbonization tank 40 and the combustion tank 50 . A carbonization screw 43 and a combustion screw 53 for transporting are installed, respectively.

A pair of bulkheads 54 are coupled between the carbonization tank 40 and the combustion tank 50 as shown in FIG. A combustion space portion 55 for heating the carbonization tank 40 is formed by burning, and a carbonization space for heating the carbonization tank 40 with a plurality of electric heaters 60 is formed on both sides of the combustion space portion 55 . A portion 56 is formed.

The wood fuel transferred to the combustion space unit 55 is ignited by the ignition member 57 provided below the wood fuel input unit 51 , and the wood fuel to be burned is heated at the same time as the carbonization tank 40 is heated. It acts as a smoke control to burn the waste heat transferred from the preheating tank 10, and the exhaust heat is discharged to the combustion flue 2, and the natural raw material transferred to the carbonization tank 40 is a sealed carbonization space (56). It is heated by a plurality of electric heaters 60 in a state in which contact with external air is blocked by the

In this way, by double heating the natural raw material being transferred through the carbonization tank 40 by the wood fuel and the electric heater 60 in the combustion space part 55 and the carbonization space part 56 isolated from each other, high heat can be supplied quickly. In addition, when the heat supplied to the combustion space 55 is excessive, an even temperature can be maintained by adjusting the temperature of the electric heater 60 .

The electric heater 60 is a heat source that does not require oxygen supply, and wood fuel is a heat source that is combusted by supplying oxygen. By sealing the carbonization space 56 where the electric heater 60 is installed, heat loss due to air circulation is reduced. It is possible to increase the thermal efficiency to the maximum by preventing it.

The steam generating means 300 is provided with a discharge tank 70 for discharging the finished carbide to the outside by heating the natural raw material as shown in FIG. 8 , and a steam box 70a is provided at the lower side of the discharge tank 70 ) and the cooling box (70b) are coupled in sequence to form an interval.

A carbide input part 71 into which the carbide discharged from the carbonization tank 40 is put is formed in the upper part of the front end of the discharge tank 70, and the lower rear end of the discharge tank 70 is for discharging the completed carbide. A carbide discharge part 72 is formed, and a carbide screw 73 for transporting the carbide is installed inside the discharge tank 70 as shown in FIG. 9 .

A steam generator 74 formed in the longitudinal direction is vertically coupled to the inner bottom surface of the steam box 70a, and an inlet pipe 75 for supplying water to the inside of the cooling box 70b. is coupled, and a steam outlet 76 for discharging the steam generated inside the steam box 70a is coupled with a valve.

The water supplied to the water inlet pipe 75 passes through the cooling box 70b and is filled in a certain amount in the inner lower portion of the steam box 70a, and when the carbide screw 73 rotates to transport high-temperature carbide, water and steam Steam is generated by the action of the generator 74, and the steam generated in this way is discharged through the steam outlet 76 and recycled for heating or can be used to produce renewable energy by operating a steam turbine.

And the carbide passing through the steam box (70a) is cooled by the water introduced while passing through the cooling box (70b), and the carbide discharged to the carbide discharge unit 72 is an air inlet blocking member as shown in FIG. 80), the inner side of the air inlet blocking member 80 is provided with a rotating part 81 in which a plurality of blades are radially formed, so that the carbide completed by rotation is discharged, but external air is introduced The air inlet blocking member 80 is also coupled to the spent fuel discharge unit 52 from which the burned waste fuel is discharged.

The present invention can produce carbides using natural raw materials such as rice husks, peanut shells, and coffee powder as described above, as well as carbides using household waste such as food waste, livestock manure, and sewage sludge.

The continuous biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention configured as described above supplies high-heat gas generated in the process of carbonizing natural raw materials to the preheating tank 10, mixes it with natural raw materials, and then uses a plurality of electric heaters in the carbonization tank 40 High-quality carbide can be produced by heating through the carbonization space portion 56 that is blocked from the outside air by using 60, and heating at the same time through the combustion space portion 55 that burns wood fuel, thereby reducing fuel consumption. This has the effect of maximizing thermal efficiency by minimizing heat loss.

In addition, the present invention continuously produces carbides and steam while the natural raw material passes through the preheating means 100, the carbonization tank 40 of the heating means 200, and the steam generating means 300 in sequence, and the natural raw materials are heated It passes through the carbonization tank 40 of the means 200 and is suitable for mass production by continuously producing high-heat gas supplied to the preheating means 100 , and the combustion tank 50 is the gas collected from the preheating tank 10 . It has the advantage of being more eco-friendly through smoke control by heating and discharging.

In addition, the steam generated from the carbide can be recycled using the steam generating means 300 , and by coupling the air inlet blocking member 80 to the spent fuel discharging unit 52 and the carbide discharging unit 72 , external air It has the advantage of fundamentally blocking the inflow of

1: raw material supply member 2: combustion communication
10: preheating tank 11: natural raw material input part
12: preheating discharge unit 13: preheating screw
13a: mixing plate 14: liquid outlet
20: transfer pipe 30: filter box
31: sediment outlet 40: carbonization tank
41: heating input part 42: heating exhaust part
43: carbonized screw 50: combustion tank
51: wood fuel input unit 52: waste fuel discharge unit
53: combustion screw 54: bulkhead
55: combustion space part 56: carbonization space part
57: ignition member 60: electric heater
70: discharge tank 70a: steam box
70b: cooling box 71: carbide input part
72: carbide discharge part 73: carbide screw
74: steam generator 75: inlet pipe
76: steam outlet 80: air inlet blocking member
81: rotating part 100: preheating means
200: heating means 300: steam generating means

Claims (7)

In the carbonization device for producing carbide by heating a natural raw material,
The natural raw material passes sequentially through the preheating tank 10 of the preheating means 100 and the carbonization tank 40 of the heating means 200 to generate carbides,
Waste heat generated in the carbonization tank 40 is supplied to the preheating tank 10 and mixed with natural raw materials, and the carbonization tank 40 is heated by a combustion tank 50 that burns wood fuel, and the preheating tank ( The gas discharged from 10) is transferred to the combustion tank 50 and exhausted after exhaustion,
Continuous biomass carbonization apparatus, characterized in that the carbide generated in the carbonization tank (40) produces a recyclable steam while passing through the steam generating means (300).
The method of claim 1,
Between the carbonization tank 40 and the combustion tank 50, a combustion space part 55 and a carbonization space part 56 are formed by a partition wall 54,
A plurality of electric heaters 60 for heating the carbonization tank 40 are coupled to the combustion space 55 to heat the carbonization tank 40 by burning wood fuel, and the carbonization space 56 to heat the carbonization tank 40 A continuous biomass carbonization device with
The method of claim 1,
The carbonization tank 50 and the preheating tank 10 are connected to a transfer pipe 20 for transferring waste heat, and a filter box 30 is coupled to the transfer pipe 20 to collect dust contained in the waste heat. and a liquid discharge port (14) and a sediment discharge port (31) are respectively formed in the preheating tank (10) and the filter box (30) to discharge the sediment.
4. The method of claim 3,
The filter box 30 is coupled with a door that can be opened and closed to replace a plurality of detachably installed filters, and the filter is an eco-friendly filler filter made of eco-friendly raw materials such as rice husk and peanut shells. continuous biomass carbonization system.
The method of claim 1,
A preheating screw 13 for transporting natural raw materials is rotatably coupled to the inside of the preheating tank 10,
A continuous biomass carbonization apparatus, characterized in that on the outer peripheral surface of the preheating screw (13), a plurality of mixing plates (13a) are radially coupled to form an interval so as to mix natural raw materials and waste heat.
The method of claim 1,
The steam generating means 300 is composed of a steam generator 74, a steam box 70a for generating steam from carbide at high temperature using water, and a cooling box 70b for cooling the carbide with the supplied water. Continuous biomass carbonization device, characterized in that.
The method of claim 1,
The combustion tank 50 and the steam generating means 300 are provided with a waste fuel discharge unit 52 and a carbide discharge unit 72 for discharging waste fuel and carbide, respectively,
The continuous biomass carbonization apparatus, characterized in that the air inlet blocking member (80) for blocking the inflow of external air is coupled to the spent fuel discharge unit (52) and the carbide discharge unit (72).

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