KR20190040536A - Method for cultivation of fragrant mushroom and fragrant mushroom produced by the process - Google Patents

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention is a method of producing an oily liquid seed culture, Culturing the above-mentioned liquid liquid seed culture first; Preparing a medium composition containing as a main component a waste medium for fresh shoots, introducing the medium composition, sterilizing and cooling the medium composition to form a medium; Inoculating the medium with the primary cultured higher liquid seed; Culturing the inoculated medium in a primary culture; Deglasing the primary cultured medium; Sealing the degummed primary culture medium in a moisturizing bag; Secondary culturing the loaded medium; And harvesting the shiitake fruiting body by the secondary culture, wherein the shiitake liquid germ is obtained by adding sugar, soybean meal, potassium and magnesium sulfate to the shiitake mushroom strain and mixing the remaining amount of water with stirring The present invention also provides a method of cultivating a mushroom using a liquid seedling and a moisturizing bag.
According to the method of cultivating mushroom of the present invention, it is possible to cultivate mushroom of high quality in a short period of time by shortening the period of mushroom cultivation by second culturing the mushroom by inoculating the sawmill fluid into the sawdust medium, There is an advantage. In addition, the culture medium to be inoculated with the oocyte liquid seed culture has the effect of accelerating the cultivation speed of the oocyte liquid seedlings to be inoculated, thereby shortening the cultivation period, because the fibrous viscosity of the culture medium composition is weakened by using the waste culture medium for oocyte.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating mushrooms and fragrant mushrooms,

The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation method and a mushroom according to the cultivation method. More specifically, in the process of cultivating shiitake mushroom, liquid mushroom seeds are cultured, and primary cultured by inoculating to a waste medium for mushroom cultivated with sowed sawdust as a main component, To facilitate moisture management of the medium until the mushroom is harvested without the need to incise or remove the bag, and the viscosity of the fibrous material in the medium is weak using the waste medium for mushroom mushroom, The present invention relates to a method of cultivating shiitake mushrooms capable of harvesting shiitake mushrooms in a short period of time and to a mushroom cultivated by the cultivation method.

Lentinula edodes occur in spring, summer, autumn, and on dry trees of hardwoods such as oak (oak, oak, zucchini), chestnut, and cedar. They have excellent flavor and unique flavor, Has been widely used.

Shiitake mushrooms have been shown to reduce cholesterol in the blood stream to facilitate blood circulation and lower blood pressure to help prevent and treat atherosclerosis and heart disease. In recent years, it has been shown to contain anti-cancer and immunosuppressive ingredients And it has been studied for health food and medicine, and various products using shiitake mushrooms are being developed.

In the past, we took advantage of this point and used a primitive cultivation method that leaves an ax mark on the wood slice and waits for the seed to grow with it. After that, the mushroom cultivated by artificially cultivating mushroom fungus and then inoculating it into the logs has developed into a highland logging method, and the productivity of the elevation has been greatly improved. However, when the method of planting logs is used, the utilization rate is about 10% of the logs, resulting in a shortage of hardwood resources, and it is difficult to secure a large amount of logs when necessary. In addition, due to the decrease of rural labor force and the aging of growers, the method of cultivating the logs, which requires a lot of labor, is gradually becoming difficult. In recent years, a sawdust cultivation method in which a sawdust medium mixed with a large number of materials is harvested in a bottle or a bag has been widely used in order to increase mushroom production efficiency and reduce labor force.

Artificial cultivation has been actively carried out using the cultivation method of shiitake mushroom cultivation method (fungal bed cultivation method) which has been carried out for a long time in cultivation of mushroom mushroom, oyster mushroom, and mushroom. Generally, rice straw, barley straw, compost, waste paper and the like are used as the medium for the method of culturing the fungus, but sawdust of the hardwood is mainly used in the cultivation method of the mushroom, which is called sawdust cultivation.

In order to carry out the cultivation of sawdust of shiitake mushroom, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2014-0021857 discloses a technique of inoculating shiitake mushroom seeds into a sterilized medium and filling the shrub mushroom into a bag for cultivation. However, It is necessary to use a high-density polyethylene vinyl material because it needs to be sterilized by putting it in a high pressure sterilizer after filling. It is necessary to incise the bag at the time when fruiting body occurs, and the moisture of the medium is dried after opening the bag, There is a problem that it is difficult to manage.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0021857

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating mushroom and cultivating mushroom by shortening the period of cultivation of mushroom by second culturing the mushroom by inoculating the sawmill seedlings into a first culture, The aim of this study was to provide a mushroom cultivated as a mushroom.

The present invention also provides a method of harvesting mushroom by using a moisture-proof bag which does not require high-density polyethylene vinyl material and does not need to cut or remove vinyl even if fruiting bodies are produced since it is poured after high pressure sterilization in the process of growing shiitake mushrooms The present invention provides a method of cultivating mushroom and a mushroom cultivated by the cultivation method.

One embodiment of the present invention is a method of producing an oily liquid seed culture, Culturing the above-mentioned liquid liquid seed culture first; Preparing a medium composition containing as a main component a waste medium for fresh shoots, introducing the medium composition, sterilizing and cooling the medium composition to form a medium; Inoculating the medium with the primary cultured higher liquid seed; Culturing the inoculated medium in a primary culture; Deglasing the primary cultured medium; Sealing the degummed primary culture medium in a moisturizing bag; Secondary culturing the loaded medium; And harvesting the shiitake fruiting body by the secondary culture, wherein the shiitake liquid germ is obtained by adding sugar, soybean meal, potassium and magnesium sulfate to the shiitake mushroom strain and mixing the remaining amount of water with stirring The present invention also provides a method of cultivating a mushroom using a liquid seedling and a moisturizing bag.

0.04 to 0.06 parts by weight of potassium monophosphate and 0.02 to 0.04 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate are added to 100 parts by weight of the mushroom-producing strain of the above-mentioned type, and 2 to 4 parts by weight of sugar, 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of soybean meal, Mixed with stirring to provide a mushroom cultivation method having a pH of 4.5 to 5.0.

The medium composition may comprise 70 to 85% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 25% by weight of waste medium for fresh shoots, and 1 to 10% by weight of wheat bran.

The waste medium for safflower contains 40 to 60% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 20% by weight of corncob, 5 to 15% by weight of corn, 5 to 15% by weight of beet pulp, 5 to 10% by weight of wheat bran, 1 to 8% And 1 to 5% by weight of p.

The step of sterilizing and cooling the medium to prepare the medium provides a method of cultivating mushroom which is sterilized secondarily, and the sterilized medium is rapidly cooled to a temperature of 12 캜.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mushroom characterized by being produced using liquid seeds and a moisturizing bag.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, high-quality mushrooms can be cultivated in a short period of time by shortening the period of cultivation of mushrooms by secondary culturing by inoculating the sawmill seedlings into a sawdust medium for primary culture, There is an advantage.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the medium composition to be inoculated with oleaginous seedlings is secondarily sterilized in a step of introducing the medium using a waste medium for fresh shoot, sterilizing and cooling the medium to form a medium, And the fibrous viscosity of the medium composition is weakened by using the waste medium for fresh shoots, so that the cultivation speed of the inoculated liquid seed is accelerated and the cultivation period is shortened.

The present invention also provides a method of producing a mushroom-containing mushroom by using a moisturizing bag which does not require high-density polyethylene vinyl material (HDPE) and does not require cutting or removing vinyl even if fruiting bodies are produced, It is possible to easily manage the moisture of the medium until harvesting, and it is possible to grow the moisture in the existing medium without spraying the water at the time of growing, thereby reducing the cost of cultivation equipment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a process flow chart showing a procedure of a mushroom cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

FIG. 1 is a process flow chart showing a procedure of a mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of growing a shiitake mushroom, Culturing the above-mentioned liquid seed culture; Preparing a medium composition containing as a main component a waste medium for fresh shoots, introducing the medium composition, sterilizing and cooling the medium composition to form a medium; Inoculating the cultured medium with the medium; Culturing the inoculated medium in a primary culture; Deglasing the primary cultured medium; Sealing the degummed primary culture medium in a moisturizing bag; Secondary culturing the loaded medium; And harvesting the mushroom fruiting body by the secondary culture.

Step 1 - Production of high-grade liquid seeds (110)

Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler), potassium and magnesium sulfate are mixed aseptically in the Potato Dextrose broth (Difco) medium and stirred. Meanwhile, sugar and soybean meal can be added as a nutrient source. If the mixture is not mixed uniformly, there is a problem that the yield of mushroom is low and the quality is deteriorated.

It is preferable that the above-mentioned liquid liquid germs are maintained at a pH of 4.5 to pH 5.0 and have weak acidity.

Step 2 - Cultivation of liquid medium for elevation (120)

The above-mentioned PDB medium is inoculated with ophthalmic bacteria and cultured in a 25 ° C shaking incubator at 23 to 25 ° C and 100 to 150 rpm for 6 to 10 days.

In one example, 30 g of sugar and 3 g of soybean meal were added, and 0.2 kg of magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ ), potassium monophosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ) 0.5 g and sufficiently stirred.

Magnesium sulfate is a trace element which promotes the vigor of the seed bacterium. When added in an amount of less than 0.02 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the shiitake mushroom, the added effect is insignificant, and when added in an amount exceeding 0.04 parts by weight, the vitality of the mushroom becomes poor.

Potassium monophosphate is a trace element which promotes the growth rate of mushroom. When added at less than 0.04 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of mushroom seeds, the effect is insignificant, and when added in excess of 0.06 parts by weight, cultivation of mushroom is delayed.

 After inoculation of the organism in the liquid medium, the color of the liquid gradually becomes turbid as the organism is cultured. The cultured seeds are harvested and used as a pre-culture. The outside air exposure time should be shortened to within 0.5 seconds to prevent contamination.

Step 3 - Medium Composition (210)

Preparing a medium composition containing as a main component a waste medium for fresh shoots, introducing the medium composition, sterilizing and cooling the medium composition to form a medium.

Badge refers to an environment that gives enough nutrients to cultivate bacteria, cells, or plants, and adjusts the osmotic pressure and pH. And the solid medium is classified into a liquid medium and a solid medium depending on the form, and in the case of the present invention, a solid medium mainly comprising sawdust is used.

Sawdust is not particularly limited as long as the shiitake mushroom is inhabited. For example, hardwood sawdust can be used, and the above-mentioned broad-leaved trees can be used as quercus (Quercus) such as oak oak, oak, oak, and oak, Castaneacrenata var. Dulcis, beechwood, Carpinuslaxiflora, jujube, hazelnut, walnut, poplar, paulownia, zelkova, ash, oak, oak, mongolian, aspen, aspen, aspen, , Boxwood. It is the most common tree in the world, and it is the most common tree in the world. Wood, wood, wood, wood, wood, tung, wood, wood, wood, wood, wood, It is possible to use wolves, pandemen, wicker, cherry tree, Maboroki, Wang chrysanthemum, Sosa tree, Stand tree, Rhus wood, Tadzu tree, Camellia tree, Redwood tree, Red pepper tree, Preferably the sawdust uses oak sawdust.

The sawdust is used as a main material of the medium in the cultivation of a microorganism, and comprises 70 to 85% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 25% by weight of a waste medium for fresh shoots, and 1 to 10% by weight of wheat bran.

If the amount of the sawdust is less than 70 parts by weight, the culture rate of the seedlings may be lowered. If the amount of the sawdust exceeds 85 parts by weight, the proportion of the additives to be mixed may be lowered and the quality of the mushroom may be lowered. And preferably 80% by weight of oak sawdust.

On the other hand, in the culture medium, the fresh medium and the wheat bran are contained in an amount of 10 to 25% by weight and 1 to 10% by weight, respectively, and used as a nutrient source. Addition of less than 10% by weight of fresh shoot medium results in a faster incubation rate but decreases the mushroom yield, and if it exceeds 25% by weight, the incubation rate is delayed and the yield decreases.

When the bran content is less than 1 wt%, the porosity of the medium is lowered and the quality of the mushroom is deteriorated. When the bran content is more than 10 wt%, excess gas is generated during the cultivation process and the yield of the mushroom is decreased.

In the medium according to the present invention, the fibrous material (re-greens) hardness of the medium is weakened by using the waste medium for cultivation which has already undergone the cultivation of the fresh medium, and the culture rate of the medium can be accelerated.

The waste medium for safflower contains 40 to 60% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 20% by weight of corncob, 5 to 15% by weight of corn, 5 to 15% by weight of beet pulp, 5 to 10% by weight of wheat bran, 1 to 8% And 1 to 5% by weight of P.

The corn contains 5-15% by weight based on the total weight of the waste medium for the fresh shoots, and becomes the major calorie source. If added in an amount of less than 5% by weight, the effect of addition is insignificant, and when added in an amount exceeding 15% by weight, addition of other nutrients is limited and it is difficult to obtain high quality mushroom.

The addition of soybean meal, jade embryo protein, and protein bloom to the crude protein nutrient, which is added below the stomach contents, has a negative effect on the growth of mushroom mycelia.

 Bran is added for the formation of calories and pores. When added below 5 wt%, the porosity is increased and the quality of the mushroom mycelia is lowered due to insufficient pore formation. When the content exceeds 10 wt% There is a problem in that it becomes excessive.

On the other hand, beet pulp is well-swollen in water and has a high nitrogen content and is used as a mushroom medium. When added in an amount of less than 5% by weight, the quality of mushroom mycelia deteriorates due to poor pore formation, , The pores are formed excessively and the culture is delayed.

 By preparing the medium as described above, it is possible to maintain the pores and the nutrient contents optimized for the growth of mushroom, thereby supplying the nutrients necessary for the mycelial growth of the mushroom to increase the quality and yield of the cultivated mushroom.

On the other hand, rice bran can be used to supply nutrients to the medium, but when rice bran is used, rice bran can be searched to die. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the risk of sowing can be prevented by excluding rice bran, and the additive can supply nutrients to the medium without being sour.

The culture medium prepared according to the above-mentioned process is subjected to a bottling operation. The medium containing the material is immediately put into a bottle using a mouthpiece, closed with a filter-attached lid, sterilized in a sterilizer, and cooled by transferring to a cooler.

The volume of the medium can be varied depending on the capacity of bottles or containers and the conditions of cultivation. The amount of the medium is about 65% ~ 80% per 100cc of capacity. After finishing the surface, a hole with 1.5 ~ 2.0cm in diameter is drilled. And then make the bottle medium.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the medium mixture contains 60-70% moisture content. The method of controlling the water content of the medium is not particularly limited, and a method commonly used in the art can be used. For example, water content can be adjusted by mixing water with sawdust and mixing with additives to mix them. Or in the culture chamber, the moisture content of the culture medium can be controlled by maintaining the humidity inside the culture chamber at 60 to 70%.

The lesion is sterilized before seeding the seeds in the seedling chamber. This is to make the shiitake mushroom grow well by making the aseptic condition.

The first stage is sterilized at 90 ~ 110 ℃ for 100 ~ 120 minutes and the second sterilization is performed at 110 ~ 125 ℃ for 50 ~ 70 minutes. Using a fresh-sponged culture medium, the culture medium can be completely sterilized through two-stage sterilization.

The medium sterilized by the two steps is rapidly cooled to a temperature of 12 캜. This can prevent the degeneration or death of the seeds to be inoculated at a later date.

Step 4 - Inoculation of cultured high-grade liquid seed medium (220)

When the cooling step is completed, the bottle is opened and the mushroom seedlings are inoculated into the medium (220). It is natural that the mushroom cultivation can be normally performed by inoculating the seedlings so that the medium is not contaminated.

Inoculated with sterilized and cooled seeds in a clean chamber through a liquid incubator.

Liquid seedlings should be sprayed with about 20 ~ 30 ml per culture bottle using an automatic inoculer or the like, centered on the holes previously made in the culture bottle. After inoculation, cover the entrance with a filter lid and transfer it to the culture room.

Step 5 - Primary Culture (230)

The optimum culture temperature of the sawdust media is 23 ± 2 ℃ and relative humidity is 60 ± 5%. Cultivation is carried out in dark place for 25 days. It is recommended not to provide light except when checking the growth condition.

Generally, the temperature at which the mold occurs is 24 to 27 ° C, which can occur if the humidity is high. After 9 to 12 days, the medium contaminated with fungi can be visually confirmed. If the inside of the culture chamber is completely turned off and the inside of the culture chamber is darkened, it is possible to confirm contamination. While looking at the top surface of the medium, it is advisable to pick out the fungus contaminated medium and dispose of it at a distance from the culture room.

When the mushroom mycelial growth is completed in the bottle by the primary culture, it should be converted to the germination stage in which the mushroom occurs.

Step 6 - Defection (240)

To do this, the bottle is opened and the mycelium is scraped off from the primary cultured culture.

In the process of scraping off the cultured product during the decolonization, the culture medium is exposed to the outside air evenly in the process of filling in the plastic bag, so that the aerobic microorganisms can be injected smoothly, and the growth period of the mushroom is shortened. In addition, the cultured material introduced into the moisturizing bag is dispersed in the process of degassing and putting in a moisturizing bag, and the porosity of the cultured material is higher than that of the bottle, so that the efficiency and growth of the mushroom are increased.

It is preferable that the time for exposing the cultured product to the outside air from the degumming to the introduction into the plastic bag is 1 to 5 minutes in consideration of contamination. When the exposure time to the outside air is less than 1 minute, the effect of the aerobic microorganism is small, and if the exposure time exceeds 5 minutes, the culture body may be contaminated.

Step 7 - Pour into moisturizing bag (310)

Then, the cultures drawn from the bottle are placed in a moisturizing bag. Preferably the bag applies a transparent color so that light input is allowed.

Step 8 - Secondary culture (320)

After being put into a plastic bag, a secondary culture step in which the mushroom grows is carried out.

The second incubation period is about 15 days, and the bag is not removed by using a moisturizing bag. In this period, as the medium is breathing, the temperature of the medium becomes 2 ~ 3 ° C higher than the room temperature. Therefore, the culture room should be thoroughly controlled at a temperature of about 20 ° C and the air circulation to the ventilation facility, .

Step 9 - Fruit harvesting (330)

When the secondary culture step has elapsed, the color of the fruiting body changes to brown, and at this time, the environment is provided in which the light can be injected into the medium to browse and mature. Browning aging is a step of allowing the mycelium to form its own protective film. As the browning of the medium is evenly spread, the quality of the mushroom is improved and the life of the medium is also increased. When the browning process is completed, the cultivation is completed and fruiting bodies are formed in the medium to break through the moisturizing bag. When using the conventional synthetic resin bag in the filling step, it is necessary to open the bag after the browning and aging step to open the bag when the fruiting body is generated. When the bag is opened, the top surface of the medium is sprayed continuously, However, since the physical properties of the bag are weaker than those of the initial production during the cultivation process by cultivating it using a moisturizing bag as in the present invention, it is not necessary to open the moisturizing bag because the fruit body can penetrate the bag, The moisturizing bag inhibits the evaporation of water in the medium, thereby facilitating the management of moisture in the medium. After about 10 days, first crops can be harvested with fruiting bodies.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the period from the second culture stage to the harvest stage takes about 30 days. If the first culture period is included, the microorganism is inoculated into the culture medium in about 2 months. And it was able to harvest the shiitake fruiting body.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Claims (7)

Preparing an oleaginous liquid seed culture;
Culturing the above-mentioned liquid seed culture;
Preparing a medium composition containing as a main component a waste medium for fresh shoots, introducing the medium composition, sterilizing and cooling the medium composition to form a medium;
Inoculating the medium with the primary cultured higher liquid seed;
Culturing the inoculated medium in a primary culture;
Deglasing the primary cultured medium;
Sealing the degummed primary culture medium in a moisturizing bag;
Secondary culturing the loaded medium; And
Harvesting the mushroom fruiting body by the secondary culture,
Characterized in that the above-mentioned liquid seed culture is prepared by adding potassium and magnesium sulfate to the oyster germ, adding the remaining amount of water and stirring the mixture. The method according to claim 1,
0.04 to 0.06 parts by weight of potassium monophosphate and 0.02 to 0.04 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate are added to 100 parts by weight of the mushroom-producing strain of the above-mentioned type, and 2 to 4 parts by weight of sugar, 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of soybean meal, And the pH is 4.5 to 5.0. The method of cultivating the mushroom using the liquid seedlings and the moisturizing bag. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the culture medium composition comprises 70 to 85% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 25% by weight of waste medium for fresh shoots, and 1 to 10% by weight of wheat bran. The method of claim 3,
The waste medium for safflower contains 40 to 60% by weight of sawdust, 10 to 20% by weight of corncob, 5 to 15% by weight of corn, 5 to 15% by weight of beet pulp, 5 to 10% by weight of wheat bran, 1 to 8% And 1 to 5% by weight of a pesticidal liquid. The method according to claim 1,
The step of sterilizing and cooling to form a medium comprises:
Firstly sterilized at a temperature of 90 to 110 DEG C for 100 to 120 minutes,
And then sterilized at a temperature of 110 to 125 DEG C for 50 to 70 minutes. The method according to claim 1,
In the step of preparing the medium by sterilizing and cooling,
Wherein the sterilized medium is rapidly cooled to a temperature of 12 占 폚. The shiitake mushroom according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is produced by using a liquid seed and a moisturizing bag.

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