KR20180114256A - 재충전가능한 전기화학 전지 - Google Patents
재충전가능한 전기화학 전지 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
M"는 II A족, III A족, IV A족, V A족, VI A족, IB족, IIB족, IIIB족, IVB족, VB족, VIB족 및 VIIIB족의 금속으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 금속이고,
X는 원소 P, Si 및 S로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고,
x는 0 초과이고,
y는 0 초과이고,
z는 0 또는 그 초과이고,
a는 0 초과이고,
b는 0 또는 그 초과임)의 조성을 지닌 활성 물질을 함유하는, 배터리 전지에 관한 것이다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명에 적합한 금속 포움(metal foam)의 단면도를 도시한 것이다.
도 3은 양극의 단면도를 도시한 것이다.
도 4는 양극으로 수행된 실험예에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 방전 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 5는 개시된 결과와 비교하여 양극으로 수행된 실험예에 대해 방전율에 대한 방전 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 6은 양극으로 수행된 실험예에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 전극의 전기 저항의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 7은 두 개의 상이한 양극으로 수행된 실험예에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 8은 두개의 상이한 양극으로 수행된 추가의 실험예에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 9는 두개의 상이한 양극으로 수행된 실험예에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 방전 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 10은 장기간 실험에 대해 사이클 수에 대한 용량의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
도 11은 세 개의 상이하게 전처리된 음극에 대해 충전 용량에 대한 전기 전압의 의존도를 도시한 것이다.
| 본 발명 | 포셔(Porcher) 등 | |
| 단위 면적 당 용량[mAh/cm2] | 13 | 3 |
| 활성 물질 로딩율[mg/cm2] | 76 | 20 |
| 전극 두께[㎛] | 500 | 200 |
| 10C에 대한 특정 방전 용량[mAh/g] | 100 | 18 |
Claims (22)
- 하우징, 양극(positive electrode), 음극(negative electrode), 및 전도성 염(conductive salt)을 함유하는 전해질을 지닌 재충전가능한 리튬 배터리 전지로서,
전해질이 SO2를 기반으로 하고,
양극이 LixM'yM"z(XO4)zFb(여기서,
M'은 원소 Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu 및 Zn로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 금속이고,
M"는 II A족, III A족, IV A족, V A족, VI A족, IB족, IIB족, IIIB족, IVB족, VB족, VIB족 및 VIIIB족의 금속으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 금속이고,
X는 원소 P, Si 및 S로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고,
x는 0 초과이고,
y는 0 초과이고,
z는 0 또는 그 초과이고,
a는 0 초과이고,
b는 0 또는 그 초과임)의 조성을 지닌 활성 물질을 함유하는, 배터리 전지. - 제 1항에 있어서, B가 원소 P이고, 바람직하게는 M'가 금속 Fe이고, 특히 바람직하게는 b가 0임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서, 양극의 두께가 0.25 mm 이상, 바람직하게는 0.3 mm 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.4 mm 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.5 mm 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 0.6 mm 이상임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 양극의 단위 면적 당 활성 물질의 양이 30 mg/cm2 이상, 바람직하게는 40 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 60 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 80 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 100 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 120 mg/cm2 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 140 mg/cm2 이상임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 양극이 다공성이고, 양극의 다공도가 바람직하게는 50 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 45 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 40 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 35 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 30 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 25 % 이하, 특히 바람직하게는 20 % 이하임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 양극이 3차원 다공성 금속 구조, 바람직하게는 금속 포움 형태의 3차원 다공성 금속 구조를 지닌 집전 요소(current collector element)를 가짐을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 6항에 있어서, 다공성 금속 구조가 본질적으로 양극 두께 전체에 걸쳐 연장됨을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 6항 또는 제 7항에 있어서, 활성 물질이 양극 금속 구조에 본질적으로 균일하게 분포됨을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 음극의 두께가 0.2 mm 이상, 바람직하게는 0.3 mm 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.4 mm 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.5 mm 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 0.6 mm 이상임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 양극이 결합제, 바람직하게는 플루오르화된 결합제, 가장 바람직하게는 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 및/또는 테트라플루오로에틸렌, 헥사플루오로프로필렌 및 비닐리덴 플루오라이드의 터폴리머이고, 결합제의 농도가 바람직하게는 10 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 7 % 이하, 더욱바람직하게는 5 % 이하, 특히 바람직하게는 2 % 이하임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 음극이 리튬 이온을 삽입하기 위한 탄소를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 음극의 단위 면적 당 활성 물질의 양이 10 mg/cm2 이상, 바람직하게는 20 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 40 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 60 mg/cm2 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 80 mg/cm2 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 140 mg/cm2 이상임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 음극이 다공성이고, 음극의 다공도가 바람직하게는 50 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 45 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 40 % 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 35 % 이하, 특히 바람직하게는 30 % 이하임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 음극이 결합제, 바람직하게는 플루오르화된 결합제, 가장 바람직하게는 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 및/또는 테트라플루오로에틸렌, 헥사플루오로프로필렌 및 비닐리덴 플루오라이드의 터폴리머이고, 결합제의 농도가 바람직하게는 5 wt.% 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 3 wt.% 이하, 특히 바람직하게는 1 wt.% 이하임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 14항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 전해질이 전도성 염의 몰당 2 mol 이상의 SO2, 바람직하게는 2.5 mol 이상의 SO2, 더욱 바람직하게는 3 mol 이상의 SO2, 특히 바람직하게는 4 mol 이상의 SO2를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 전해질이 전도성 염으로서, 할로게나이드, 옥살레이트, 보레이트, 포스페이트, 아르세네이트 또는 갈레이트, 바람직하게는 리튬 테트라할로게노알루미네이트, 특히 바람직하게는 리튬 테트라클로로알루미네이트를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 전지가 10 mA/cm2 이상, 바람직하게는 50 mA/cm2 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 150 mA/cm2 이상의 양극의 단위 면적당 전류 운반 용량을 지님을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 17항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 전지가 바람직하게는 양극의 활성 물질과 혼합되는 리튬 할로게나이드, 바람직하게는 리튬 클로라이드를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 하우징, 양극, 음극, 및 전도성 염을 함유하는 전해질을 지닌 재충전가능한 리튬 배터리 전지, 특히 제 1항 내지 제 18항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 전지로서,
전해질이 SO2를 기반으로 하고,
하나 이상의 전극이 리튬 이온을 삽입하기에 적합하고, 피복층을 감소시키기 위해 전처리되는 삽입 전극임을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지. - 제 19항에 있어서, 하나 이상의 전극이 피복층을 감소시키기 위해 활성 물질의 표면 코팅에 의해 전처리되고, 상기 표면 코팅이 바람직하게는 원자층 증착(atomic layer deposition:ALD)에 의해 적용되어 표면 코팅이 바람직하게는 Al2O3 또는 SiO2을 함유하거나, 딥 코팅에 의해 적용되어 표면 코팅이 바람직하게는 SiO2를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 배터리 전지.
- 제 1항 내지 제 20항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 전지용 전극을 제조하는 방법으로서,
- 활성 물질과, 결합제 및/또는 전도성 개선 물질의 임의 혼합물로부터 페이스트 물질을 제조하는 단계;
- 페이스트 물질을 3차원 다공성 금속 구조에 균일하게 혼입시키는 단계; 및
- 페이스트 물질을 함유하는 3차원 금속 구조를 그것의 두께가 바람직하게는 20% 이상 감소되는 방식으로 압착하는 단계를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법. - 제 21항의 방법에 따라 제조된 전극.
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| DE102021132746A1 (de) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Batteriespeicher mit einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Auslösen der Sicherheitsvorrichtung |
| DE102021132740A1 (de) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Batteriespeicher mit einer Filtervorrichtung |
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| US11539072B1 (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-12-27 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Lithium-ion conducting composite material |
| EP4555566A1 (de) | 2022-07-13 | 2025-05-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Flüssige elektrolytzusammensetzung mit einem salz, elektrochemische zelle mit der elektrolytzusammensetzung, salz sowie verwendung des salzes in der elektrochemischen zelle |
| EP4555567A1 (de) | 2022-07-13 | 2025-05-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Flüssige elektrolytzusammensetzung mit einem salz, elektrochemische zelle mit der elektrolytzusammensetzung, salz sowie verwendung des salzes in der elektrochemischen zelle |
| DE102023120084A1 (de) | 2023-07-28 | 2025-01-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Flüssige Elektrolytzusammensetzung mit einem Salz, elektrochemische Zelle mit der Elektrolytzusammensetzung, Salz sowie Verwendung des Salzes in der elektrochemischen Zelle |
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| KR20220007083A (ko) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-18 | 이노리스 테크놀로지 아게 | 충전식 배터리 셀 |
| KR20220007870A (ko) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-19 | 이노리스 테크놀로지 아게 | 충전식 배터리 셀 |
| KR20220007869A (ko) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-19 | 이노리스 테크놀로지 아게 | 충전식 배터리 셀 |
| KR20220008288A (ko) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-20 | 이노리스 테크놀로지 아게 | 충전식 배터리 셀 |
| US11710849B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2023-07-25 | Innolith Technology AG | SO2-based electrolyte for a rechargeable battery cell, and rechargeable battery cells |
| US11876170B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2024-01-16 | Innolith Technology AG | Rechargeable battery cell |
| US11901504B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2024-02-13 | Innolith Technology AG | Rechargeable battery cell having an SO2-based electrolyte |
| US11942594B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2024-03-26 | Innolith Technology AG | Rechargeable battery cell |
| US12308431B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2025-05-20 | Innolith Technology AG | Rechargeable battery cell |
| US12407018B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2025-09-02 | Innolith Technology AG | Rechargeable battery cell |
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