KR20160083647A - Apparatus For Manufacturing Fiber Reinforced Composite Material - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a manufacturing apparatus of a fiber-reinforced composite material, which can minimize damage to a bundle of fibers. The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus of a fiber-reinforced composite material, which comprises: a fiber supply part comprising a fiber supply creel (100) and a fiber injection guide (120); a resin impregnation part comprising an impregnation die (130) and a resin extruder (140); a cooling part (150) comprising a cooling roller (151); and a winding part comprising a tension adjuster (160). The impregnation die (130) comprises: plane rollers (132) which are inner guide rollers arranged to be separated from each other and are in a shape of a laid cylinder; and curved rollers (131) which rotate around the rotation axes thereof and are in a shape of a parabolic rotary body.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced composite material manufacturing apparatus,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material, and more particularly to an apparatus for manufacturing a continuous fiber-reinforced composite material in a unidirectional (UD) shape.

Compostie is a material that artificially blends or combines materials with different ingredients and properties to maximize the properties of each material or to have new properties that are not expressed in a single material. Composite materials are basically excellent in properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, and light weight compared to conventional materials. Therefore, they are widely used in aerospace, sports goods, shipbuilding, It is a representative 21st century industrial material that is attracting attention in the field.

The composite material is generally made of a reinforced material that is responsible for the load applied to the material, and a matrix that transmits the load to the reinforcement in combination with the reinforcement. The reinforcing material is usually glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid Fiber reinforced materials such as polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, Resin type base materials such as thermoplastic resins including phenylene sulfide resins and the like are widely used.

Such a composite material is classified into various types depending on which materials are combined with each other. Among them, Pultrusion refers to a process in which a supplied fiber yarn is continuously impregnated with a resin by impregnating a die to form a product having a certain shape. The production of a product having a high productivity and a high fiber volume content And it is possible to produce products with unlimited length of products. Through the drawing and forming process, when a fiber bundle is supplied in the form of a bundle and formed into a pellet, a long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) can be manufactured, and a fiber yarn can be made by spreading When supplied, a unidirectional tape (UD Tape) can be manufactured.

Generally, the impregnation property and the impregnation content of the resin on the fiber greatly affect the physical properties of the final product when the molded product of the fiber reinforced composite material is produced by the draw-forming. In particular, the lack of uniformity of the impregnation of the resin and the generation of voids as such may cause defects in mechanical properties in the final product, and this phenomenon is more prominent as the number of fibers supplied and the amount of impregnated fibers are increased, It becomes. It is therefore important that the fibers supplied from the krill be controlled so that when the resin is impregnated in the impregnation tank, the resin is well dispersed so that it penetrates into all portions of the fiber and uniform impregnation to the inside of the fiber occurs.

Regarding the manufacture of composite materials, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0880805 discloses a method in which a fiber yarn laminated through a fabric arranger is supplied and a resin is sprayed on a fiber yarn to always apply a predetermined amount of resin, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0574608 discloses a draw-forming method comprising a step of vertically stacking a fiber bundle so that a bundle of fibers is naturally released without moving and then impregnating the resin.

However, in the field of producing a composite material by drawing-forming, improvement of the uniformity of the resin impregnation remains as the biggest problem. In the conventional continuous fiber-reinforced composite material manufacturing apparatus, The high tensile force applied to the fiber bundle inside the die causes a large number of breakages of the continuous fiber bundle, thereby deteriorating the mechanical properties. In addition, despite the fact that the resin impregnation property and the uniformity may depend on the degree of opening of the fibers in the UD tape manufacturing field, there is a limit to improve the physical properties of the final product due to the lack of the technology for arranging the fibers.

Accordingly, the present invention can provide a thermoplastic uniaxial (UD) tape-like shape capable of minimizing breakage of the continuous fiber bundle inside the die and achieving high mechanical properties through a device structure in which the thermoplastic resin can penetrate into the continuous fiber bundle And to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a fiber supply unit including a fiber supply krill 110 and a fiber introduction guide 120; A resin impregnating portion including an impregnation die (130) and a resin extruder (140); A cooling unit 150 including a cooling roller 151; And a tension regulator 160. The impregnation die is an inner guide roller spaced apart from each other, and includes a flat roller 132 whose surface is in the form of a cylinder lying flat and a parabolic cylinder rotated around the rotation axis of the roller And a curved surface roller (131) in its entirety.

The curved roller according to this embodiment has a contact angle 200 defined by the angle formed by the parabola 220 forming the surface of the curved roller and the rotational axis 210 of the roller at a cross section cut around the rotational axis of the roller is 32.5 to 50 Lt; / RTI >

The curved surface roller according to the embodiment may be disposed in a direction in which the fibers are inserted.

The planar roller and the curved roller according to the embodiment may include at least two planar rollers.

The resin extruder according to this embodiment may be connected to the inside of the die via a resin injection port 141, and the resin injection port may be positioned toward the flat roller.

The cooling roll according to this embodiment may be a calendering type in which two cooling rolls abut and rotate.

The tension regulator according to this embodiment may control the tensile force applied to the fiber bundle to 1 to 10 N / m.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the breakage of the fiber bundle by reducing the high tension applied to the fiber bundle at the same time as unfolding the fiber bundle continuously supplied in the die. Further, since the impregnation property can be further improved through the tension regulator and the cooling roll, the thermoplastic uniaxial (UD) fiber reinforced composite material produced by using the apparatus of the present invention has a uniform mechanical arrangement of fibers, Physical properties and a beautiful appearance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a die and a cooling roll 151 provided with a curved roller 131 and a flat roller 132 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a curved roller a and a flat roller b according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a contact angle between a rotation axis and a curved roller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a section of a thermoplastic uniaxial (UD) fiber reinforced composite material produced using an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken by an electron microscope.
6 is a photograph of a surface of a thermoplastic uniaxial (UD) fiber reinforced composite material produced using an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fabric feeder comprising a fiber supply krill (110) and a fiber input guide (120); A resin impregnating portion including an impregnation die (130) and a resin extruder (140); A cooling unit 150 including a cooling roller 151; And a tension adjuster (160). The fiber reinforced composite material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, The manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can provide a thermoplastic uniaxial direction (UD) fiber-reinforced composite material manufacturing apparatus capable of being applied to a continuous process, and particularly capable of improving impregnation performance and minimizing fiber damage and ultimately realizing excellent mechanical properties .

Hereinafter, the apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

fiber Supplier

In the present invention, the fiber supplying unit includes a fiber supplying creel 110 and a fiber introducing guide 120. The bundle of fibers wound on the krill is loosened at a predetermined speed and supplied into the impregnating die through the fiber introducing guide.

Suzy Impregnation portion

The fiber bundle transferred from the fiber supply unit passes through the impregnation die 130 and can be impregnated with the resin. Inside the impregnation die 130 of the present invention, the inner guide rollers are spaced apart from each other. The inner guide rollers include a flat roller 132 whose surface is in the form of a curved cylinder, and a curved surface 132 in the form of a parabola, The rollers 131 are provided so that the supplied fiber bundles can be spread about 2 to 5 times in the width direction.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curved roller 131 has a contact angle 200 formed by a parabola forming a surface of a curved roller at a cross section cut around a rotation axis of the roller and a rotation axis of the roller is 32.5 to 50 °, It is preferable that the middle portion has a bulging shape more than both ends of the roller. The fiber bundle is uniformly spread in the width direction passing through the curved surface roller so that the curved surface roller is arranged in front of the flat surface roller so that the fiber is introduced into the impregnation die and spread in the width direction can be preferentially performed Is preferable in terms of being capable of maintaining the width spread through the flat roller thereafter.

4, the contact angle 200 defined by the angle formed by the parabola 210 forming the surface of the roller on the cross-section of the curved roller and the rotation axis 220 is a value indicating the degree of convexity of the curved roller, If the angle is less than 32.5 °, the width of the fiber bundle by the curved rollers is insignificantly shown, and the impregnation effect is not increased. When the angle exceeds 50 °, the fiber bundle is attracted to both ends A phenomenon may occur.

As described above, the fibers expanded by the curved surface roller are conveyed to the flat roller while maintaining their width. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curved surface roller may be provided in two or more to spread the fiber bundle more evenly, In order to maintain the width of the flattened state well, it is preferable that the flat roller is also provided in two or more. The curved surface roller and the flat surface roller may further include a vibrator and may be vertically vibrated so as to impart a predetermined vibration to the fiber.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to impregnate the thermoplastic resin with the fiber, the resin may be melted in the resin extruder 140 and the resin may be injected into the impregnation die through the resin injection port 141. At this time, it is preferable that the resin injection port is positioned toward the flat roller, and the fibers are uniformly impregnated to the inside of the fiber since the fibers are conveyed to the flat roller in a state that the width is spread by the curved roller.

Cooling section

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fiber bundle resin-impregnated in the impregnation part is discharged out of the die and transferred to the cooling part 150, and as the resin is cured in the cooling part, it can be made of a composite material. Particularly, the cooling section of the present invention includes a calendering type cooling roll in which two upper and lower cooling rolls 151 are in contact with each other to rotate, thereby inducing additional impregnation simultaneously with cooling.

Accordingly, the resin impregnation proceeds more deeply into the inside of the fiber while passing through the cooling roll, so that the physical properties of the composite material finally produced can be maximized. Further, since the resin is compressed upward and downward and progresses in cooling, the phenomenon such as the extrusion of the fibers due to the resin having the viscosity before curing is suppressed, so that the uniform arrangement of the fibers can be maintained, and as a result, a product having a beautiful appearance can be obtained.

Winder

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite material in which the resin curing proceeds in the cooling section can be finally transferred to the winding section. At this time, the winding portion controls the overall pulling speed of the device, and the tension applied to the fiber and the resin-impregnated fiber can be determined according to the pulling speed. However, if an excessively large tensile force is applied to the entire drawing and forming process, the fibers may be broken in the middle, and a large tensile force may be applied to the fibers in the impregnating die in which the resin is impregnated. Preferably, the portion includes a tension adjuster 160 that can maintain a uniform tension within the die.

In the present invention, the tension regulator functions to adjust the pulling speed by detecting a tension applied to the fiber bundle through a sensor provided in each section of the process. By controlling the tension at 1 to 10 N / m, When the resin is impregnated into the fiber bundle, the high tensile force applied by the viscosity and the feeding speed of the resin can be relaxed, and the fiber breakage upon impregnation can be minimized.

Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are for the purpose of illustrating the present invention more specifically, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example  One

Nylon 6 (RV 2.7, Domo chemical, DOMOAMID PA6) was used as the reinforcing fiber and carbon fiber (Toray, T700 Grade) was used as the reinforcing fiber, and unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite Material.

- Impregnation die temperature: 280 캜

- Impregnating die inner roller: 3 curved rollers and 3 flat rollers with a contact angle of 42.5 ° (R85) to the rotating shaft

- Speed of withdrawal: 5m / min

- Cooling rollers: upper and lower 1 SET calender roll, temperature 14 ℃

- Use tension controller: Use

Example  2

A unidirectional (UD) fiber-reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that three curved rollers having a contact angle of 32.5 DEG (R65) with the rotating shaft were used.

Example  3

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that three curved rollers having a contact angle of 50 ° (R100) to the rotating shaft were used.

Example  4

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the drawing speed was controlled at 10 m / min.

Example  5

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the drawing speed was controlled at 15 m / min.

Comparative Example  One

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that curved rollers were not used in the impregnation die.

Comparative Example  2

A unidirectional (UD) fiber-reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that three curved rollers having a contact angle of 30 ° (R60) with the rotating shaft were used and a cooling roll composed of only the lower roll was used.

Comparative Example  3

A unidirectional (UD) fiber-reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that three curved rollers having a contact angle of 52.5 DEG (R105) to the rotating shaft and a cooling roll composed of a lower roll were used.

Comparative Example  4

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no tension regulator was used.

Comparative Example  5

Unidirectional (UD) fiber reinforced composite materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that no tension regulator was used.

At this time, the tensile strength imparted to the fibers of the fiber reinforced composite materials of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was measured, and the specimens of the final fiber reinforced composite materials were cut, And the impregnation conditions were determined. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Inside impregnation die
Guide roller Cooling roller Payback speed
(m / min) Whether to use a tensioner fiber
tension
(N / cm) Impregnability Curved surface
roller Flat roller Example 1 R85, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 5 use 3 Great Example 2 R65, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 5 use 3 Good Example 3 R100, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 5 use 3 Good Example 4 R85, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 10 use 5 Great Example 5 R85, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 15 use 6 Great Comparative Example 1 X Three Upper and lower 1set 5 use 3 Unevenness Comparative Example 2 R60, 3 Three No upper roller 5 use 3 Non-impregnation occurrence Comparative Example 3 R105, 3 Three No upper roller 5 use 3 Non-impregnation occurrence Comparative Example 4 R85, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 5 unused 12 Minor fiber breakage phenomenon Comparative Example 5 R85, 3 Three Upper and lower 1set 10 unused 25 Massive fiber breakage phenomenon

As can be seen from the results of Table 1, impregnation property was evaluated as good or better according to uniform impregnation in Examples 1 to 5, but impregnation in Comparative Example 1 in which curved rollers were not used occurred. Further, in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 in which the contact angle of the roller is small or large, the fibers are not evenly spread and the fibers are tilted to a specific region. In this case, additional impregnation is not performed by the cooling roller, Impregnation property was not good.

In addition, when the tension regulator was used, the tensile force on the fiber was less than 10 N / cm, so that the fiber did not break. However, in the case where the tension regulator was not used as in Comparative Examples 4 and 5, Of the respondents.

100: Drawstock forming device 110: Fiber supply krill
120: fiber introduction guide 130: impregnation die
131: curved roller 132: flat roller
140: Resin extruder 141: Resin inlet
150: cooling section 151: cooling roller
160: Tension regulator 170:
180: Winder 200: Contact angle between the rotating shaft and the curved roller
210: rotational axis 220: surface parabola of the curved roller section

Claims (7)

A fiber supply portion including a fiber supply krill 110 and a fiber introduction guide 120;
A resin impregnating portion including an impregnation die (130) and a resin extruder (140);
A cooling unit 150 including a cooling roller 151; And
And a tension regulator 160,
The impregnation die includes an inner guide roller spaced apart from each other and including a flat roller 132 whose surface is in a cylindrical form and a curved surface roller 131 in the form of a parabolic rotating body which is rotated around a rotation axis of the roller A fiber reinforced composite material manufacturing apparatus.
The curved roller according to claim 1, wherein the curved roller has a contact angle (200) defined by an angle formed by a parabola (220) forming the surface of the curved roller and a rotational axis (210) 50 DEG. ≪ / RTI >
The apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface roller of the impregnation die is disposed in a direction in which the fibers are inserted.
The apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the flat roller and the curved roller are included.
The apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the resin extruder is connected to the inside of the die via a resin inlet, and the resin inlet is located toward the flat roller.
The apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the cooling roll is a calender system in which two cooling rolls are rotated in contact with each other.
The apparatus for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the tension regulator controls a tension applied to the fiber bundle to 1 to 10 N / m.

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