KR20160077468A - Reductant for production of silicon or ferrosilicon, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A reducing agent for making silicon or ferrosilicon, and a method for producing the same, wherein the coffee residue; And a petroleum coke; and a method for producing the same, and independently, the complex; Low Ash Coal; Charcoal; And a wood chip, and a method for producing the same.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon, and a method for producing the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001]

A reducing agent for producing silicone or ferrosilicon, and a process for producing the same.

Generally, a silicon material or a ferrosilicon material is generally obtained by introducing silicate light and a carbonaceous reducing agent into a high-temperature arc and obtaining by a reduction reaction. This reaction can be represented by the following reaction formula 1 have.

[Reaction Scheme _{1] SiO 2 + 2C → Si} + 2CO

Specifically, as the SiO ₂ raw material of the above reaction formula 1, the above-mentioned silica light can be used. As the C raw material, various carbon-based reducing agents such as char, low ash coal, petroleum coke, wood chips and the like can be used. At this time, the recovery rate of silicon varies depending on the characteristics of the reducing agent, and in particular, the reactivity of the reducing agent may be one of the main parameters.

Generally, petroleum coke having the lowest price is used as a reducing agent, but the yield of the reduction reaction is poor due to low reactivity. On the other hand, charcoal is known as the most reactive reducing agent, but it has a disadvantage of high price.

Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a reducing agent which is excellent in reduction reactivity and reasonable in price for the production of silicon or ferrosilicon.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors intend to use the coffee by-product as a reducing agent by complexing with petroleum coke. The details of this are as follows.

In one embodiment of the invention, a coffee residue; And a petroleum coke; and a reducing agent for producing silicone or ferrosilicon.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a reducing agent, which is the complex, using a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder as raw materials.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex; Low Ash Coal; Charcoal; And a wood chip. The present invention also provides a reducing agent for the production of silicon or ferrosilicon.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing a reducing agent comprising the complex may be provided by using the complex as a raw material.

In one embodiment of the invention, a coffee residue; And a petroleum coke. The present invention also provides a reducing agent for producing silicone or ferrosilicon.

The composition of the composite may be such that the weight of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.

The composite may include 35 to 45% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

The coffee by-product may include 16 to 20% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the coffee by-product.

The coffee by-product may comprise 5 to 15% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the coffee by-product.

The diameter of the composite may be 1 to 30 cm.

The shape of the composite may be any one selected from the group consisting of pellets, briquette, brick, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a coffee beverage, comprising: preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder; Drying the mixed powder; Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite. The present invention also provides a method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

Preparing a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder, respectively, the weight ratio of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke may be 20:80 to 40:60.

The step of molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite may be carried out by applying a load of 50 to 400 tons.

In the step of molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite, the obtained composite may contain 35 to 45% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

In the step of molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite, the diameter of the obtained composite may be 1 to 30 cm.

Wherein the shape of the resulting composite is selected from the group consisting of a pellet, a briquette, a brick, and combinations thereof, wherein the shape of the composite obtained is at least one selected from the group consisting of a pellet, a briquette, a brick, It can be either.

The step of pulverizing the dried mixed powder may be carried out for 1 to 5 hours.

And drying the mixed powder, the moisture content in the mixed powder may be controlled to 5 wt% or less.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke; Low Ash Coal; Charcoal; And a wood chip. The present invention also provides a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

The ratio of the fixed carbon contained in the composite to the total weight (100 wt%) of the fixed carbon contained in the reducing agent may be 35 to 55 wt%.

The composition of the composite may be such that the weight ratio of the coffee byproduct to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.

The composite may include 35 to 45% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a complex comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke; And mixing the composite with low Ash Coal, charcoal, and wood chips. The present invention also provides a method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

Preparing a composite comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke, comprising: preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder; Drying the mixed powder; Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite.

In one embodiment of the invention, a coffee residue; And a petroleum coke; it is possible to provide a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon which is excellent in reduction reactivity and low in cost.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a reducing agent, which is a complex, using a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder as raw materials.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a reducing agent for the production of silicon or ferrosilicon, which is excellent in reduction reactivity and low in cost, by the mixture form containing the above-mentioned complex and other kinds of carbon-based reducing agents.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing the reducing agent in the form of a mixture using the complex and other kinds of carbon-based reducing agents as a raw material.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a process for preparing a reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the following claims.

As described above, it is general to use a reducing reaction represented by the reaction formula (1) by using a carbon-based reducing agent in the production of a silicon material or a ferrosilicon material, Can be influenced.

Specifically, during the reduction reaction, gaseous SiO 2 may be formed, and the SiO 2 may react with the reducing agent to form SiC, which can be represented by the following reaction formula 2.

(G) + 2C (s)? SiC (s) + CO (g)

It is known that the reaction represented by the reaction formula 2 varies greatly depending on the reactivity of the reducing agent used, and the char is the most reactive, the coal is medium, and the petroleum coke has the worst reactivity.

The reason for the low reactivity of petroleum coke is that it is structurally densely reacted, so that it reacts only on the surface and does not completely react to the inside.

Due to such low reactivity, there is a problem that power consumption is increased during the reduction reaction using petroleum coke, and there is a fear that a solid raw material solidification layer is formed on the upper part, and a large amount of gaseous SiO is lost. In addition, since petroleum coke is often in powder form, there is a problem in that it is lost in the input, and when a large amount of the coke is injected, unreacted material is accumulated in the lower part.

As a result, the use of petroleum coke only tends to lower the yield of the reduction reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to study a reducing agent that is inexpensive but highly reactive to replace petroleum coke.

In addition, it is generally used that the size of the reducing agent is approximately 1 to 30 mm. Since the flow of the gas in the arc is very fast and the reducing agent is introduced into the arc, the gas may be lost to the gas outlet. Needs to be secured.

Based on this awareness, the present inventors have found that coffee residues; And a petroleum coke; and a reducing agent comprising the complex and other carbon-based reducing agents, as well as a method for producing the same.

In one embodiment of the invention, a coffee residue; And a petroleum coke. The present invention also provides a reducing agent for producing silicone or ferrosilicon.

In particular, since the coffee by-products are carbonized to have the same structure as that of char, attention is paid to the fact that the coffee by-products can act as a reducing agent having a reactivity similar to that of char, .

When the composite is used in the production of a silicon material or a ferrosilicon material, the coffee by-product may be changed to a char form to exhibit improved reactivity, thereby inhibiting formation of a solid raw material solidification layer on the upper part And it is possible to prevent the SiO 2 from being lost in the gaseous state.

Hereinafter, the reducing agent that is a composite provided in one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The composition of the composite may be such that the weight of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.

When the composition in the above range is satisfied, the composite may have excellent reduction reactivity. However, when petroleum coke exceeding the above range is included, the reduction reactivity may be lowered as described above, and when petroleum coke is contained in the range below the above range, there is a problem that the content of fixed carbon, which will be described later, is insufficient. The composition is limited.

The composite may include 35 to 45% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

In general, fixed carbon means that the main constituent is carbon and contains a small amount of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the like as a solid remaining after removing water, ash and volatile components from coal or coke.

In this regard, since the composite material is manufactured through a molding process as described later, the chemical structure of the fixed carbon contained in the composite material is generally known as a carbon-based reducing material (low-ash coal, charcoal, wood chips, etc.) It may be different from the one included. Nevertheless, since it basically consists of carbon as the main component, it can perform the same role as the carbon-based reducing agent.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of fixed carbon is limited to 35 to 45 wt% with respect to the total weight of the composite in order to provide an adequate amount of carbon (C) serving as a reducing agent in Reaction Schemes 1 and 2.

However, when the amount exceeds 45% by weight, the content of the petroleum coke increases and the reducing property is deteriorated. On the other hand, when it is less than 35% by weight, the reduction reactivity is low, and it is necessary to add another expensive carbon-based reducing agent (for example, charcoal) in the reduction reaction.

On the other hand, common coffee by-products include moisture, volatile components, ash, and fixed carbon.

In this regard, the coffee by-product may comprise up to 20% by weight of fixed carbon, based on the total weight of the coffee by-product.

When the content of the fixed carbon in the coffee by-products is 20 wt% or more, the effect of improving the reactivity of the reducing agent is reduced. In consideration of this, the range is limited as described above.

The coffee by-product may contain up to 15% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the coffee by-product.

Specifically, when the content of water in the coffee by-product exceeds 15% by weight, the strength of the formed body is lowered during the production of the composite, because the composite is manufactured through a molding process as described later. In consideration of this, the range is limited as described above.

The diameter of the composite may be 1 to 30 cm.

As described above, the size of the reducing agent is also one of the factors affecting the reduction reaction.

In this regard, when the complex has a large diameter of more than 30 cm, there is a problem that the reduction reaction occurs unevenly. In contrast, if the complex has a small diameter of less than 1 cm, the flow of gas inside the arc is very fast It may be lost to the gas outlet, so the range is limited as described above.

The shape of the composite is not particularly limited, but may be determined according to the size of the electric furnace in which the reduction reaction takes place

For example, be selected from the group consisting of pellets, briquette, brick, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a coffee beverage, comprising: preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder; Drying the mixed powder; Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite. The present invention also provides a method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

This corresponds to a method of preparing the complex-type reducing agent, and FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the process for producing the complex. Each step will be described in detail with reference to this.

Preparing a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder, respectively, the weight ratio of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke may be 20:80 to 40:60. A detailed description thereof is as described above.

On the other hand, the composite obtained through the above-mentioned molding may not be destroyed when it is transported and dropped when basically a certain strength is maintained. In order to improve the strength of the composite, the conventional binder may be mixed to perform the molding. However, it is necessary to limit the amount to 5 wt% or less of the total weight of the pulverized powder mixture so as not to act as an impurity due to its large amount.

In the step of molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite, the obtained composite is described as follows, and a detailed description thereof is as described above.

And may include 35 to 45 wt% of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

The diameter of the obtained composite may be 1 to 30 cm.

The shape of the resulting composite may be any one selected from the group consisting of pellets, briquette, brick, and combinations thereof.

The step of pulverizing the dried mixed powder may be a ball milling to form a homogeneous mixture in order to prevent the non-uniform mixing of the coffee by-products with an average diameter larger than that of the petroleum coke powder.

And drying the mixed powder, the moisture content in the raw material may be controlled to 5 wt% or less.

Specifically, it is necessary to remove excess moisture exceeding 5% by weight in the mixed powder, because excessive moisture contained in the raw material acts as a cause of energy loss in the furnace reaction, so that it is preferable to minimize such moisture Because.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke; Low Ash Coal; Charcoal; And a wood chip. The present invention also provides a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

This corresponds to a reducing agent in the form of a mixture of the above complex and other carbon-based reducing agent. At this time, by including the composite, the content of the expensive char and the wood chip can be reduced. Hereinafter, the description overlapping with the above description will be omitted.

The ratio of the fixed carbon contained in the composite to the total weight (100 wt%) of the fixed carbon contained in the reducing agent may be 35 to 55 wt%.

When the content of the fixed carbon in the reducing agent is more than 55% by weight, the reactivity of the reducing agent deteriorates. On the other hand, if it is less than 35% by weight, there is a problem that the content of the fixed carbon is insufficient to serve as a reducing agent. In consideration of this, the range is limited as described above.

The composite material contained in the reducing agent is described below, and a detailed description thereof has been given above, so that the description thereof will be omitted.

The composition of the composite may be such that the weight ratio of the coffee byproduct to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.

The composite may include 35 to 45% by weight of fixed carbon based on the total weight of the composite.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a complex comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke; And mixing the composite with low Ash Coal, charcoal, and wood chips. The present invention also provides a method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

This is a method for producing a reducing agent in the form of a mixture of the complex and other carbon-based reducing agent.

Preparing a composite comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke, comprising: preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder; Drying the mixed powder; Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the following examples are only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Identification of components of coffee by-products

First, prior to the preparation of the complex, the components of the coffee by-products are to be identified.

The components of the coffee by-products and the woodchip are shown in Table 1 below,

ingredient Wood chips ( Woodchip ) Coffee byproduct Moisture (wt%) 38.0 11.5 Volatile matter (wt%) 50.5 69.5 Ash (wt%) 0.6 0.7 Fixed carbon (wt%) 10.9 18.3

As shown in Table 1, the components of the coffee by-products and the content of each of the coffee by-products are similar to those of the woodchip, so that the coffee by-products can be carbonized like the wood chips and changed into the same structure as char, Of the total amount of the reaction mixture.

In consideration of this point, a reducing agent was produced in a form complexed with petroleum coke which is low in price.

Example

(1) coffee by-products and petroleum coke Composite manufacturing

A coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder were mixed in a weight ratio of 7: 3 to prepare a mixed powder.

The mixed powder was dried to control the water content in the mixed powder to 3 wt%.

Thereafter, the dried mixed powder was ball milled for 3 hours and pulverized.

Finally, the pulverized mixed powder was molded by applying a load of 50 tons, whereby a composite was obtained.

(2) Preparation of a reducing agent in the form of a mixture containing the complex

Inventive Example 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention produced a reducing agent in which the composite, low ash coal, charcoal, and wood chips were mixed, so that most of the fixed carbon in the reducing agent was provided by the complex.

Reductions (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) in which petroleum coke not complexed with coffee by-products were mixed with low ash coal, charcoal, and wood chips were prepared so as to contrast with Inventive Example 1.

The mixing ratio of the components contained in each reducing agent was determined in consideration of the content of the fixed carbon provided by each component, based on the total weight of the fixed carbon in each reducing agent, as shown in Table 2 below.

division Content of fixed carbon (% by weight) Comparative Example  One Comparative Example  2 Honor  One Mixing ratio
(Based on fixed carbon) Petroleum coke 30 30 - Low ash  Coal 40 40 38 charcoal 20 0 10 Wood chips 10 30 4 Composite of coffee by-products and petroleum coke
(Weight ratio of 7: 3) - - 48

Evaluation example  One

According to Table 1, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the fixed carbon ratio provided by the expensive raw materials of charcoal and wood chips is as high as about 30% by weight, and the manufacturing cost is increased.

On the other hand, in the case of Inventive Example 1 including a composite of petroleum coke and coffee by-products, the proportion of the fixed carbon provided by charcoal and wood chips is reduced to 14% by weight, have.

Further, it is deduced that when the arc test is performed using the reducing agent of Inventive Example 1, the reduction reactivity as a whole improves and the power consumption is reduced.

Evaluation example  2

Actually, the power consumption and the amount of dust and silica fume generated were verified by using a reducing agent of Inventive Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 respectively and using a 70 kW small-sized DC arc furnace.

Specifically, in order to produce ferrosilicon (FeSi7 ₅ ), 61 kg of quartzite was added, and a reducing agent and iron were added in divided amounts to approximately 10 times according to the fixed carbon ratio required. The reaction was carried out on an average of 60 to 70 kW, and the total reduction reaction time was 8 to 10 hours.

The silica fume generated during the reduction reaction was collected and weighed. After completion of the reaction, the silica was disassembled to measure the amount of the finally produced ferrosilicon. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

division Comparative Example  One Comparative Example  2 Honor  One Ferro silicon  Recovery ( kg ) 21.7 23.4 18.8 Strategic amount  ( kWh / kg ) 30.5 31.3 27.0 Dust and silica fume emissions ( kg ) 0.3 0.7 0.14

According to Table 3, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the total amount of the strategy used for the production of ferro silicon exceeded 30 kWh per kg, so that the amount of power consumed in the reduction reaction was high. On the other hand, in the case of Example 1 including the composite, it can be confirmed that the power consumption is reduced to 27 kWh / kg.

In the case of Inventive Example 1, the amount of dust and silica fume was significantly reduced compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and it was confirmed that the amount of dust and silica fume was reduced to 50% or less of Comparative Example 2.

As a result, in Inventive Example 1, it is possible to reduce the cost by lowering the content of expensive charcoal and wood chips by including the coffee by-product and the complex of petroleum coke, as well as reduce the amount of power consumption based on the recovery amount of per- And the generation of dust and silica fume is reduced during the reduction reaction, thereby solving the environmental problem.

In addition, although the absolute amount of ferrosilicon recovered in Inventive Example 1 is smaller than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be evaluated that the amount of ferrosilicon can be recovered to the extent similar to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 when the content of each component of Inventive Example 1 is changed and controlled do.

Evaluation example  3

On the other hand, it was confirmed that 1 ton of ferrosilicon was produced by using these raw materials as shown in Table 4, using raw silica, light of iron, and a reducing agent of Production Example 1 as raw materials.

division weight ( kg ) Ferro silicon Ingredients for 1 ton production Quartzite 1800 iron 195 reducing agent Composite of coffee by-products and petroleum coke
(Weight ratio of 7: 3) 857 Low ash  Coal 555 charcoal 104 Wood chips 300

Thus, it can be seen that the absolute recovery of silicon or ferrosilicon can be improved by using a reducing agent in which the complex of coffee by-product and petroleum coke is blended with other carbon-based reducing agent in an appropriate amount.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. As will be understood by those skilled in the art. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

Claims (19)

Coffee residue; And
A petroleum coke comprising a complex comprising:
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The composition of the above-
Wherein the weight of the coffee by-products to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The composite may comprise:
By weight, based on the total weight of the composite, of 35 to 45%
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The coffee by-
By weight based on the total weight of the coffee by-products.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The coffee by-
By weight based on the total weight of the coffee by-product.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The diameter of the composite,
1 to 30 cm.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
The method according to claim 1,
The shape of the composite,
Wherein the composition is any one selected from the group consisting of pellets, briquette, brick, and combinations thereof.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
Preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder;
Drying the mixed powder;
Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And
And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
9. The method of claim 8,
Preparing a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder, respectively,
Wherein the weight ratio of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
9. The method of claim 8,
Molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite,
The resultant complexes,
By weight, based on the total weight of the composite, of 35 to 45%
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
9. The method of claim 8,
Molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite,
The diameters of the resulting complexes,
1 to 30 cm.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
9. The method of claim 8,
Molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite,
The shape of the composite obtained above is,
Wherein the composition is any one selected from the group consisting of pellets, briquette, brick, and combinations thereof.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
9. The method of claim 8,
And drying the mixed powder,
Wherein the moisture content in the mixed powder is controlled to 5 wt% or less.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
Complexes comprising coffee residue and petroleum coke;
Low Ash Coal;
Charcoal; And
Comprising a wood chip;
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the ratio of the fixed carbon contained in the composite to the total weight (100 wt%) of the fixed carbon contained in the reducing agent is 35 to 55 wt%
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
15. The method of claim 14,
The composition of the above-
Wherein the weight ratio of the coffee by-product to the petroleum coke is 20:80 to 40:60.
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
15. The method of claim 14,
The composite may comprise:
By weight, based on the total weight of the composite, of 35 to 45%
Reducing agents for making silicon or ferrosilicon.
Preparing a complex comprising a coffee residue and petroleum coke; And
And mixing the composite with low Ash Coal, charcoal, and wood chips.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.
19. The method of claim 18,
Preparing a complex comprising a coffee residue and a petroleum coke,
Preparing a mixed powder of a coffee residue powder and a petroleum coke powder;
Drying the mixed powder;
Pulverizing the dried mixed powder; And
And molding the pulverized mixed powder to obtain a composite.
A method for producing a reducing agent for producing silicon or ferrosilicon.

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