KR20160036305A - Distribution Plate Device For Fluidizing Bed Reactor And Fluidizing Bed Reactor With The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a distribution plate device for a fluidized-bed reactor. The distribution place device comprises: a distribution plate having a multiplicity of pores through which raw material gas flows; and a multiplicity of vapor spraying units installed in correspondence to the pores, wherein each vapor spraying unit includes a cap supported by at least two columns and sprays the raw material gas through gaps between the columns. Also, provided is a fluidized-bed reactor equipped with a distribution plate device of the present invention. The distribution plate device for fluidized-bed can prevent powder of reaction byproducts from depositing on a distribution plate, and can improve operating efficiency of a fluidized-bed reactor.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor having the same,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, and more particularly, to a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor having the same. Particularly, the present invention relates to a dispersion plate device capable of preventing the phenomenon that gas can be injected in the horizontal direction on the plane of the dispersion plate and that the gas injection hole is closed by powder falling in the reaction space, and a fluidized bed reactor .

Fluidized bed reactors are reactor devices that can be used to perform a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In a fluidized bed reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) reacts with a solid material in a particulate state, typically the solid material is a catalyst having the shape of a small sphere and the fluid is flowed at a rate sufficient to float the solid material So that the solid material behaves like a fluid.

On the other hand, carbon nanostructures (CNS) refer to nano-sized carbon structures having various shapes such as nanotubes, nanofibers, fullerenes, nanocons, nanohorns, and nano-rods and have various excellent properties It is highly utilized in various technical fields. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are typical carbon nanostructures, are formed by bonding three neighboring carbon atoms to each other in a hexagonal honeycomb structure to form a carbon plane, and the carbon plane is cylindrically shaped to have a tube shape. Carbon nanotubes have a characteristic of being a conductor or a semiconductor depending on the structure, that is, the diameter of the tube, and can be widely applied in various technical fields, and thus, they are popular as new materials. For example, the carbon nanotubes can be applied to an electrode of an electrochemical storage device such as a secondary cell, a fuel cell or a supercapacity, an electromagnetic wave shielding, a field emission display, or a gas sensor.

The carbon nanostructure can be produced by, for example, an arc discharge method, a laser evaporation method, or a chemical vapor deposition method. Among the above-mentioned manufacturing methods, in the chemical vapor deposition method, carbon nanotubes are produced by dispersing and reacting metal catalyst particles and a hydrocarbon-based raw material gas in a fluidized bed reactor at a high temperature. That is, the metal catalyst reacts with the raw material gas to grow carbon nanotubes while floating in the fluidized bed reactor by the raw material gas.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the construction of a conventional fluidized bed reactor, which can be used, for example, in the production of carbon nanotubes, but is not limited to the manufacture of carbon nanotubes.

Referring to the drawings, a fluidized bed reactor 1 has a reactor body 10, and a lower portion of the reactor body 10 is formed as a tapered region 10a. In order to heat the reactor body 10 to a high temperature, it is preferable that a heater 19 is provided outside the reactor body 10.

A raw material gas supply unit 12 is provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor 1. The feed gas may be, for example, a hydrocarbon-based gas for producing carbon nanotubes. The raw material gas is supplied to the inside of the reactor main body 10 through a raw material gas supply pipe 21 connected to the raw material gas supply unit 12. The feed gas may be preheated in the preheater 17 before being fed into the reactor body 10. The raw material gas is dispersed into the reaction space in the reactor main body 10 through the dispersing plate 13 by disposing the dispersing plate 13 below the reaction space formed inside the reactor main body 10.

On the upper portion of the reactor body 10, a stretching portion 11 is provided. The expander 11 may be provided with a separator (not shown) for preventing the catalyst and the reaction product (for example, carbon nanotube) from being discharged to the outside, for example, from the reactor body 10 . A filter 18 is connected to the elongated portion 11 and the component gas filtered by the filter 18 is conveyed through the conveying pipe 23. On the other hand, a recirculation pipe 22 is connected to the expansion part 11 to recirculate part of the mixed gas discharged from the expansion part 11 to the raw material gas supply pipe 21 through the recirculation pipe 22.

A separator 14 is connected to one side of the upper portion of the reactor main body 10 through a pipe 24. The separator 14 is for separating the product from the mixed gas discharged from the reactor body 10, for example, for separating the mixed gas from the carbon nanotube. A separator 14 is connected to one side of the reactor main body 10 through a pipe 15. The separator 14 is connected to a lower portion of the reactor body 10 through a pipe 15 to collect products such as carbon nanotubes. On the other hand, the catalyst supplier 16 is connected to the pipe 26 so that the catalyst can be supplied to the inside of the reactor main body 10 through the pipe 26. Although not shown in the drawing, the pipe 26 is provided with a blower so that the mixed gas separated from the separator 14 and the catalyst supplied from the catalyst feeder 16 can be fed into the reactor main body 10.

The dispersion plate 13 provided in the fluidized bed reactor as described above uniformly disperses the raw material gas into the fluidized bed reactor body 10 and the powder produced by the catalyst particles or the reaction drops to the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor . In a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, solid particles such as a catalyst are placed on a dispersion plate and a raw gas is blown from below through a hole formed in the dispersion plate 13, so that the catalyst is dispersed in the dispersion plate 13 of the fluidized bed reactor body 10, The reaction occurs while flowing in the upper space. However, in a fluidized bed reactor used, for example, in the production of carbon nanotubes, the raw material gas may be decomposed into carbon particles before passing through the dispersing plate 13, The performance of the fluidized bed reactor is remarkably lowered. In addition, the powder particles produced by the reaction can also fall on the dispersion plate to close the holes of the dispersion plate.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged dispersion plate installed in a reactor body of the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG.

Referring to the drawings, a dispersion plate 13 is installed inside an outer wall 10a of a reactor body, and the dispersion plate 13 has a porous structure in which a plurality of holes are formed. In the lower part of the dispersion plate 13, the raw material body G is pressure-fed to the upper part of the dispersion plate 13 through a hole formed in the dispersion plate 13. At the upper part of the dispersion plate 13, the powder R and the foam B are produced by the reaction of the raw material gas and the catalyst. As described above, a phenomenon that the raw material gas is decomposed into carbon particles before passing through the holes of the dispersion plate 13 may occur, so that the carbon particles can block the holes of the dispersion plate 13. In addition, when the powder R generated by the reaction falls, the holes of the dispersion plate 13 can be closed.

In order to solve the above problems, it has been proposed to construct a dispersion plate by using a bubble cap or a nozzle. For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2008-00944218 discloses a dispersion plate configured to supply cooling water to a nozzle by disposing the nozzle on the dispersion plate. However, the dispersion plate disclosed in the above document is not only complicated in construction, but also has a problem that the effect is limited.

Patent Application Publication No. 10-2009-0027377 discloses a device for manufacturing a carbon nanotube having a filter unit. Patent Application Publication No. 10-2010-0108599 discloses a device for manufacturing a carbon nanotube having a filter unit, A manufacturing apparatus has been disclosed, but the above documents have not specifically disclosed the structure of the dispersion plate.

On the other hand, the patent application 10-2009-0036693 discloses a carbon nanotube production apparatus having a dispersion plate having a plurality of dispersion holes and a horn shape, but it is also possible to prevent the dispersion hole itself from being clogged none.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor having the same.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor capable of preventing powder of a reaction product from being deposited on a dispersion plate and a fluidized bed reactor having the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor capable of improving the operation efficiency of a fluidized bed reactor by preventing a hole of the dispersion plate from being clogged by powder and a fluidized bed reactor having the same.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention,

A dispersion plate on which a plurality of holes through which the raw material gas flows are formed; And

And a plurality of gas injecting portions provided corresponding to the plurality of holes, wherein each gas injecting portion has a cap supported by two or more pillars, and a plurality of gas injecting portions, each of which is capable of injecting the raw material gas through an interval between the columns, A dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor, comprising:

According to an aspect of the present invention, the column has the form of a plate curved such that the bottom surface of the column corresponds to the edge of each of the plurality of holes, and the cap has the shape of a cone or a pyramid.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the column includes three columns arranged at regular intervals along the edge of each of the plurality of holes, so that three spacers are formed between the three columns.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the raw material gas flowing through each of the plurality of holes is prevented from flowing in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the dispersion plate by the cap, The gas flows parallel to the upper surface of the dispersion plate.

According to another aspect of the present invention,

A reactor body;

A dispersion plate installed inside the reactor body and having a plurality of holes; And

And a plurality of gas injecting portions provided corresponding to the plurality of holes, wherein each gas injecting portion has a cap supported by two or more pillars, and a plurality of gas injecting portions, each of which is capable of injecting the raw material gas through an interval between the columns, A fluidized bed reactor is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the column has a shape of a plate curved such that a bottom surface of the column corresponds to an edge of each of the plurality of holes, and the cap has a conical shape.

According to another aspect of the present invention,

Supplying a catalyst to the fluidized bed reactor;

Supplying a raw material gas containing a carbon source, a reducing gas and an inert gas into the reactor below the dispersion plate in the reactor main body;

Reacting the catalyst and the reaction gas in a reaction space inside the reactor body to produce a carbon nanostructure; And

And recovering the carbon nanostructure produced,

And the raw material gas is injected into the reaction space inside the reactor body through the gas injection part of the dispersion plate.

In the fluidized bed reactor for a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention and the fluidized bed reactor equipped with the same, the raw material gas flowing into the upper part of the dispersion plate through the holes of the dispersion plate is sprayed in a horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the dispersion plate, It is possible to prevent the phenomenon that the powder is immersed in the upper part of the dispersion plate and the phenomenon that the hole of the dispersion plate is clogged due to the powder can be prevented. The fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention can prevent or delay the failure of the dispersion plate due to the powder, and thus the operation efficiency of the fluidized bed reactor can be improved.

1 is a schematic block diagram of a conventional fluidized bed reactor.
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged dispersion plate installed in a reactor body of the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG.
3 is an overall perspective view of a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an enlarged view of a part of the dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG. 3;

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the drawings, like reference numerals are used for similar elements.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it is to be understood that other elements may be directly connected or connected, or intervening elements may be present.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless otherwise specified.

It is to be understood that the terms "comprises", "includes", or "having", etc., as used herein are intended to mean that a feature, a numerical value, a step, an operation, an element, a component, Does not exclude the possibility that other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof may be present or added.

3 is a perspective view of a dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor provided in a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, a dispersion plate device includes a dispersion plate 31 formed with a plurality of holes 31a, and a plurality of gas injection portions 35 provided corresponding to the plurality of holes 31a (FIG. 4) . The gas injecting section 35 can inject the gas in the horizontal direction with respect to the upper surface of the dispersing plate 31 as will be described later in detail, Thereby preventing the hole 31a of the dispersion plate 31 from being closed.

4 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing only one of the plurality of gas injecting portions shown in Fig.

Referring to the drawings, a gas injector 35 according to the present invention includes at least two columns 41 disposed around a hole 31a formed in a dispersing plate 31, at least two columns 41, And a gap (41a) for spraying the raw material gas is formed between the two or more pillars (41).

In the embodiment shown in the figures, each column 41 is disposed along the edge of the hole 31a. When the hole 31a is formed in a circular shape, it is preferable that the bottom surface of each column 41 corresponds to the edge of the hole 31a, and the column 41 has a curved thin plate shape. The pillars 41 can prevent the powder from approaching the hole 31a itself by arranging the pillars 41 along the edge of the hole 31a in the form of a curved plate. In the illustrated embodiment, three pillars 41 are arranged at regular intervals, and three spacing portions 41a are thus formed between the pillars 41. As shown in Fig.

The cap 42 is supported by the column 41. The cap 42 preferably has a hollow cone shape as shown in the drawing, but is not limited, and a pyramid shape is also possible. It is preferable that the circular bottom surface of the cap 42 has a size enough to completely cover the hole 32a. It is more preferable that the bottom surface of the cap 42 is larger than the hole 31a so as to prevent the powder falling from the upper space of the dispersion plate 31 from entering the hole 32a or dropping around the hole 31a It is.

The raw material gas flowing upward from the lower space of the dispersion plate 31 through the hole 31a can enter the upper space of the dispersion plate 31 through the gap 41a between the columns 41. [ Three spacers 41a are formed between the three pillars 41 in the example shown in the figure. The cap 42 disposed on the top of the column 41 prevents the raw material gas from flowing vertically through the hole 31a. The flow of the raw material gas in the vertical direction is blocked by the flat bottom surface of the cap 42 and can flow in the horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the dispersion plate 31 through the interval portion 41a between the columns 41 have. Therefore, the flow of the raw material gas can push the powder accumulated on the surface of the dispersing plate 31 laterally, and prevent the powder from accumulating near the hole 31a or blocking the hole 31a.

For example, when the cap 41 is formed in a conical shape as shown in the drawing, the height from the bottom of the cone to the apex and the height of the column 41 is preferably about 3 to 5: 1, It is not.

It is preferable that the bottom diameter of the cone is slightly larger than the diameter of the hole 31a formed in the dispersion plate 31. Specifically, it is preferable that the diameter of the cone bottom diameter and the life span formed on the dispersion plate is about 1 to 1.5: 1 However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The spacing along the circumference of the spacing portion 41a may be approximately 1: 3 to 6, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can be appropriately modified according to the specific device design.

In the example shown in the figure, the pillars 41 are described as being in the form of curved plates, but other types of pillars may be provided. For example, pillars in the form of a pin, a non-bent prism, a triangular or polygonal cross-section may be provided. That is, any type of column that supports the cap 42 and allows a gap to be formed between the column and the column to allow the raw material gas to be discharged to the upper space of the dispersion plate 31 is possible.

In addition to the conical shape, the cap 42 may also be a triangular shape or a triangular shape. That is, any geometric shape having a vertex at the top and a bottom at the bottom is possible. By configuring the cap 42 in the form of a cone or other triangle or bezel, powder can prevent the cap 42 from accumulating on the surface. That is, since the cap 42 has a vertex at the top, the powder can not accumulate at the apex of the cap 42. Further, the surface extending from the apex to the bottom surface is formed as an inclined surface, so that the powder can not stay on the inclined surface. Therefore, the cap 42 allows the powder to fall to the side of the interval portion 41a between the pillars, and the raw material gas injected through the interval portion 41a at this time can disperse the powder in the horizontal direction to prevent deposition of the powder .

The fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention can be used to produce carbon nanostructures. For example, a method for producing a carbon nanostructure according to the present invention includes: supplying a raw material gas containing a carbon source, a reducing gas, and an inert gas to a lower portion of a dispersion plate in a reactor body as described above; Reacting the catalyst and the reaction gas in a reaction space inside the reactor body to produce a carbon nanostructure; And recovering the carbon nanostructure, wherein the raw material gas is injected into the reaction space inside the reactor body through the gas injecting part of the dispersion plate.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention will be described briefly.

The overall structure of the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention is similar to that of the fluidized bed reactor as shown in Figure 1 except that the diffuser plate 13 shown in Figure 1 is replaced by the diffuser plate 31 shown in Figure 3 .

The raw material gas supplied from the raw material gas supply unit 12 disposed at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor is supplied to the reaction vessel 31 through the hole 31a of the dispersion plate 31 shown in FIGS. Enters the space. As described with reference to Fig. 1, the reaction space of the reactor body 10 is fed with a catalyst from the catalyst feeder 16, and the reaction space is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater. Therefore, in the reaction space, the raw material gas and the catalyst may react with each other to produce a powdery product.

According to the present invention, the raw material gas flows into the reaction space through the hole 31a of the dispersion plate 31. The raw material gas can be discharged to the reaction space through the interval portion 41a between the columns 41. [ At this time, since the bottom of the cap 42 prevents the flow of the raw material gas in the vertical direction, the raw material gas can flow in parallel to the plane of the dispersion plate 31. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon that the powder falls and accumulates on the edge of the hole 31a. In addition, since the column 41 itself is disposed along the edge of the hole 31a, it is possible to prevent the powder from approaching the hole 31a.

On the other hand, the powder falling on the upper vertex of the cap 42 slides along the inclined surface of the cap 42 and drops onto the upper surface of the dispersion plate 31. At this time, when the powder is displaced from the inclined surface of the cap 42, pressure is applied by the raw material gas injected from the interval portion 41a between the columns, so that the powder can be dispersed in the horizontal direction by the pressure of the raw material gas. Further, since the bottom edge of the cap 42 is out of the outer surface of the column 41, the powder falls off the outer surface of the column 41 when it deviates from the inclined surface of the cap 42. 3, since the gas ejecting portions 35 are arranged adjacent to the upper surface of the dispersing plate 31 in regular order, the powder falling on the upper surface of the dispersing plate 35 is separated from the adjacent gas distributing portion 35, The effect of the raw material gas injected from the yarn 35 is received without exception.

10. Reactor body 11. Extension portion
12. Raw gas supply 13. Dispersion plate
31. Dispersion Plate 31a. hole
41. Column 42. Cap

Claims (7)

A dispersion plate on which a plurality of holes through which the raw material gas flows are formed; And
And a plurality of gas injecting portions provided corresponding to the plurality of holes, wherein each gas injecting portion has a cap supported by two or more columns, and the gas injecting portion, which is capable of injecting the raw material gas through an interval between the columns, Wherein the dispersion plate apparatus for a fluidized bed reactor comprises: The method according to claim 1,
The column having the shape of a plate curved such that the bottom surface of the column corresponds to the edge of each of the plurality of holes,
Wherein the cap has the shape of a cone or a pyramid. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the column includes three columns arranged at regular intervals along the edges of each of the plurality of holes so that three spaced portions are formed between the three columns. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the raw material gas flowing through each of the plurality of holes is prevented from flowing in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the dispersing plate by the cap and the raw material gas injected through the spacing portion passes through the upper surface Wherein the fluidized bed reactor is a fluidized bed reactor. A reactor body;
A dispersion plate installed inside the reactor body and having a plurality of holes; And
And a plurality of gas injecting portions provided corresponding to the plurality of holes, wherein each gas injecting portion has a cap supported by two or more columns, and the gas injecting portion, which is capable of injecting the raw material gas through an interval between the columns, A fluidized bed reactor comprising: a fluidized bed reactor; 6. The method of claim 5,
The column having the shape of a plate curved such that the bottom surface of the column corresponds to the edge of each of the plurality of holes,
Wherein the cap has the shape of a cone. Supplying a catalyst to the fluidized bed reactor of claim 5 or 6;
Supplying a raw material gas containing a carbon source, a reducing gas and an inert gas into the reactor below the dispersion plate in the reactor main body;
Reacting the catalyst and the reaction gas in a reaction space inside the reactor body to produce a carbon nanostructure; And
And recovering the carbon nanostructure produced,
Wherein the raw material gas is injected into the reaction space inside the reactor body through the gas injection part of the dispersion plate.

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