KR20140112644A - Dual Type Generation System And Method For Ship Or Offshore Platform - Google Patents

Abstract

A power generation system of a ship or a marine structure equipped with a duel fuel cell and a power generating method are disclosed. The power generation system of the ship or marine structure equipped with the duel fuel cell comprises a solar fuel cell unit, a microorganism fuel cell unit, and an electricity storage unit. The solar fuel cell unit absorbs sunlight, decomposes carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of the ship or marine structure, and generates power by using hydrogen generated while the water is being decomposed. The microorganism fuel cell unit collects electrons generated when microorganisms in waste water created from the ship or marine structure are decomposed, and generates power by reducing the microorganisms into water; and an electricity storage unit which is charged by receiving electricity generated from the solar fuel cell unit or the microorganism fuel cell unit.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a dual-type fuel cell,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation method for a ship or an offshore structure equipped with a dual fuel cell, and more particularly, And a microbial fuel cell unit which captures electrons generated by decomposition of organic matters of microbes from organic wastewater generated in a ship or an offshore structure and generates electricity by generating water, The present invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation system for a ship or an offshore structure capable of treating carbon dioxide and organic wastewater in exhaust gas.

In general, carbon dioxide, which is emitted in large quantities as the use of fossil fuels increases, is designated as one of greenhouse gas (GHG), one of the causes of global warming.

The global warming index of carbon dioxide is lower than other greenhouse gases, but it is classified as a very important greenhouse gas in that it accounts for about 80% of total greenhouse gas emissions and regulates emission.

Therefore, it is regulated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in various countries through various international agreements. One of the technologies derived from this is the recovery of carbon dioxide from various industrial sites such as industrial complexes, ports, airports and thermal power plants. A carbon dioxide treatment technique for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere is emerging.

On the other hand, organic wastewater having a high content of organic matter such as livestock wastewater, plant wastewater, food wastewater leachate, sewage sludge and the like is generated in various industrial and living sites. Since such organic wastewater can not be efficiently used, And the cost of treating organic wastewater is high and environmental pollution is caused. Therefore, there is a need for a method for efficiently utilizing organic wastewater.

A large amount of carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas emitted from an internal combustion engine such as a ship using a fossil fuel or a propulsion engine of an offshore structure is discharged to the atmosphere in ships or an offshore structure in operation, Wastewater having a high organic matter content is generated by sewage or the like. Due to the limited space of the ship or offshore structures, the storage of these carbon dioxide and wastewater is limited by space, and environmental pollution and the risk of cross-border disputes may arise when discharged into the atmosphere or the sea. Therefore, there is a need for an effective treatment of such carbon dioxide and organic wastewater.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in a power generation system provided in a ship or an offshore structure,

A solar photovoltaic fuel cell part for absorbing sunlight, decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of the ship or an offshore structure, and generating hydrogen by decomposition of water;

A microbial fuel cell unit which catches electrons generated by decomposition of organic matter of microorganisms from organic wastewater generated in the ship or an offshore structure and reduces the water to generate electricity; And

And a power storage unit that is charged with electricity generated from the solar cell fuel cell unit or the microbial fuel cell unit.

The solar fuel cell unit includes a storage tank for storing carbon dioxide generated in the internal combustion engine, a fresh water tank provided in the ship or an offshore structure for storing water, and a decomposition unit for supplying carbon dioxide and water from the storage tank and fresh water tank. Wherein the decomposing portion is made of cerium oxide, and when the temperature of the decomposing portion is lowered by supplying carbon dioxide and water, the cerium oxide can adsorb oxygen from the carbon dioxide and water.

The photovoltaic fuel cell unit may further include a collecting part for collecting and collecting sunlight to heat the decomposing part, and a hydrogen fuel cell for generating electricity by receiving hydrogen generated by decomposition of water in the decomposing part.

The microbial fuel cell unit includes a wastewater storage tank for storing the organic wastewater, an electrolytic bath for receiving the organic wastewater from the wastewater storage tank and decomposing the organic wastewater into microorganisms, and an electrolytic bath provided in the electrolytic bath, A cathode part for capturing electrons and an anode part which is provided in the electrolytic bath and receives electrons captured by the cathode part and reduces it to water.

The microbial fuel cell unit may further include a step-up unit for receiving and boosting electricity generated by a potential difference between the cathode unit and the anode unit.

The cathode portion and the anode portion may include electrodes made of any one of graphite, porous carbon, platinum and glassy carbon.

The electricity charged in the power storage unit may be supplied to a propulsion system or utility facility of the ship or offshore structure.

The photovoltaic fuel cell unit may be provided at one side of an exhaust system for discharging exhaust gas generated from the internal combustion engine, and the microbial fuel cell unit may be provided at a lower portion of a residence of the ship or an offshore structure.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ship or an offshore structure, wherein the above-described power generation system is provided to treat and generate carbon dioxide and organic wastewater generated from a ship or an offshore structure.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in a method of generating a ship or an offshore structure,

1) absorbing sunlight, decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of the ship or an offshore structure, and generating water by decomposition to generate hydrogen;

2) capturing electrons generated by organic matter decomposition of microorganisms from organic wastewater generated in the ship or an offshore structure and reducing the water to generate electricity; And

3) A method of generating a vessel or an offshore structure equipped with a dual fuel cell including the step of storing electricity supplied from the step 1) or 2) is provided.

The cerium oxide adsorbs oxygen from the carbon dioxide and the water to form the carbon dioxide and water, and the cerium oxide absorbs oxygen from the carbon dioxide and water, Can be disassembled.

The power generation system of a ship or an offshore structure equipped with a dual fuel cell of the present invention absorbs sunlight and decomposes carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of a ship or an offshore structure, And a microbial fuel cell unit that captures electrons generated by decomposition of organic matters of microbes from organic wastewater generated in a ship or an offshore structure and generates electricity by reducing it to water, It is possible to effectively treat and utilize the organic wastewater, and to supply electricity necessary for the ship or an offshore structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 schematically shows the concept of a power generation system for a marine structure equipped with a dual fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the drawings denote like elements.

1 schematically shows a concept of a power generation system of a marine structure (S) equipped with a dual fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a power generating system of a ship or an offshore structure S equipped with a dual fuel cell according to the present embodiment is a power generating system provided on a ship or an offshore structure S, (100) for decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of a ship or an offshore structure (S) and generating electricity as hydrogen generated by decomposition of water, and a fuel cell unit A microbial fuel cell unit 200 for capturing and generating electrons generated upon decomposition of organic matter of microorganisms from the generated organic wastewater and generating electricity; And a power storage unit 300 that is charged with power.

That is, the present embodiment enables the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas generated in the ship or the offshore structure S and various organic wastewater generated in the ship to be treated in the ship or the offshore structure S itself, And organic wastewater to be supplied to the electricity consuming place (400) of the ship or the offshore structure (S).

For example, electricity consumer 400 may be a propulsion system or utility facility (not shown) of a vessel or offshore structure S, and may be a propulsion system capable of receiving electricity, Type propulsion system.

The solar photovoltaic fuel cell unit 100 of the present embodiment includes a storage tank 110 for storing carbon dioxide generated in an internal combustion engine (not shown) including a propulsion engine of a ship or an offshore structure, And a decomposition unit 130 that receives carbon dioxide and water from the storage tank 110 and the fresh water tank 120. The decomposition unit 130 includes cerium oxide, When the temperature of the decomposition section 130 is lowered by supplying carbon dioxide and water, cerium oxide can adsorb oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.

The solar fuel cell unit 100 includes a collecting unit 140 for collecting and collecting sunlight to heat the decomposing unit 130 and a hydrogen generating unit 130 for receiving hydrogen generated by decomposition of water in the decomposing unit 130, And may further include a fuel cell 150.

Cerium oxide, which is a type of metal oxide, is also called ceria. It has a characteristic of discharging oxygen at high temperature and adsorbing oxygen when temperature is low. Accordingly, the ceria may be provided on the inner wall of the container (not shown) of the decomposition unit 130 so that the sunlight is collected through the heat collecting unit 140 and heated and discharged from the storage tank 110 and the fresh water tank 120, When carbon dioxide is fed into the vessel of the decomposition section 130, ceria is adsorbed from water and carbon dioxide as the temperature is lowered, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide are produced at this time.

The hydrogen produced in this embodiment is supplied as fuel to the hydrogen fuel cell 150 to produce electricity. The hydrogen fuel cell 150 may be a known hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell 150 supplies hydrogen generated in the decomposition unit 130 to the anode side of the hydrogen fuel cell 150.

The hydrogen fuel cell 150 of this embodiment is provided with a reforming unit (not shown) capable of supplying hydrogen through steam reforming such as a known hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell so as to supplement the amount of hydrogen supplied from the decomposing unit 130 The carbon monoxide generated in the decomposition unit 130 may be supplied to a reforming unit (not shown) of the hydrogen fuel cell 150 so as to be used for steam reforming, and may be separately stored or discharged to the atmosphere.

In this embodiment, the microbial fuel cell unit 200 produces electricity by converting the energy generated by the decomposition of the organic matter of the organic wastewater into the electric energy through the electrochemically active microorganism. The microbial fuel cell unit 200 includes a wastewater storage tank 210 for storing organic wastewater, an electrolytic cell 220 for receiving organic wastewater from the wastewater storage tank 210 and decomposing the organic wastewater into microorganisms, (Not shown) for capturing electrons generated from organic wastewater when decomposed into microorganisms, and an anode part (not shown) provided in the electrolytic bath 220 and receiving electrons trapped in the cathode part to reduce water to water can do.

The electrolytic bath 220 may be provided with a cathode portion (not shown), an anode portion (not shown), and an ion exchange membrane (not shown) disposed therebetween. In the cathode part, an electrochemically active microorganism existing in the organic wastewater adheres to the electrode and is cultivated while decomposing organic matter. The electrons generated from energy generated at this time are captured and transferred to the anode part through an external circuit (not shown). Hydrogen ions migrate to the anode via the ion exchange membrane.

In the anode part, air is continuously supplied and a smooth electrochemical reaction takes place. Hydrogen ions are reduced to water through electrons transferred through an external circuit.

Electricity is produced by the potential difference through the oxidation-reduction reaction.

The microbial fuel cell unit 200 may further include a voltage-up unit 230 for receiving and boosting electricity generated by a potential difference between the cathode and the anode, and the cathode unit and the anode unit may include graphite, porous carbon, platinum, (Not shown) made of any one of them.

A plurality of microbial fuel cell units 200 are connected in series or in parallel, thereby increasing the voltage and current, and the produced electricity is boosted from a low voltage to a high voltage through the voltage-

Although the positions of the solar cell fuel cell unit 100 and the microbial fuel cell unit 200 are not limited in their positions in the ship or the offshore structure S, the solar cell fuel cell unit 100 is generated in the internal combustion engine The microbial fuel cell unit 200 may be most suitably provided at the lower part of a residence (not shown) of a ship or an offshore structure S (not shown) . It is necessary to provide the exhaust gas at one side or a close position of the exhaust system so that it is advantageous to supply carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas generated in the internal combustion engine to the solar cell fuel cell unit 100, Since the wastewater is generated in the residence of a ship or an offshore structure (S), it is advantageous to supply the organic wastewater in the vicinity of the residence or the residence.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ship or an offshore structure (S), characterized in that the aforementioned power generation system is provided to treat and generate carbon dioxide and organic wastewater generated in a ship or offshore structure (S).

According to another aspect of the present invention, in a method of generating a ship or an offshore structure S,

1) absorbing solar light, decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of a ship or an offshore structure (S), and generating water as decomposed hydrogen;

2) capturing electrons generated during decomposition of organic matters of microorganisms from organic wastewater generated in a ship or an offshore structure (S) and reducing the water to water to generate electricity; And

3) Providing a method of generating a vessel or an offshore structure (S) equipped with a dual fuel cell including a step of receiving and storing electricity produced from the step 1) or 2).

When the temperature of the container containing cerium oxide is reduced by supplying carbon dioxide and water to the container by collecting sunlight in step 1), cerium oxide adsorbs oxygen from carbon dioxide and water to decompose carbon dioxide and water.

As described above, the power generation system of a ship or an offshore structure (S) equipped with the dual fuel cell of the present embodiment absorbs sunlight and collects the sunlight to be collected in the internal combustion engine of the ship or offshore structure (S) (100) for decomposing the generated carbon dioxide and water and generating hydrogen by decomposition of water, and an electron generator (100) for decomposing organic matter of the microorganisms from the organic wastewater generated in the ship or offshore structure And a microbial fuel cell unit 200 that generates electricity by capturing and reducing water. Through such a system, an eco-friendly ship or offshore structure (S) that reduces the cost of treating carbon dioxide and organic wastewater and prevents environmental pollution by effectively treating and utilizing carbon dioxide and organic wastewater generated from ship or offshore structure (S) And it is possible to supply electricity necessary for the ship or the offshore structure (S) by producing electricity from the exhaust gas of the ship or the offshore structure (S) and the wastewater.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

S: Ship or offshore structure
100: Photovoltaic fuel cell unit
110: Storage tank
120: fresh water tank
130: decomposition unit
140:
150: Hydrogen fuel cell
200: Microbial fuel cell section
210: Wastewater storage tank
220: electrolytic cell
230:
300:
400: Electric consumer

Claims (11)

In a power generation system provided on a ship or offshore structure,
A solar photovoltaic fuel cell part for absorbing sunlight, decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of the ship or an offshore structure, and generating hydrogen by decomposition of water;
A microbial fuel cell unit which catches electrons generated by decomposition of organic matter of microorganisms from organic wastewater generated in the ship or an offshore structure and reduces the water to generate electricity; And
And a power storage unit that is charged by receiving electricity generated from the solar cell fuel cell unit or the microbial fuel cell unit. 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1,
A storage tank for storing carbon dioxide generated in the internal combustion engine;
A fresh water tank provided in a ship or an offshore structure and storing water; And
And a decomposition unit for receiving carbon dioxide and water from the storage tank and fresh water tank,
Wherein the decomposing portion is made of cerium oxide and when the temperature of the decomposing portion is lowered by supplying carbon dioxide and water, the cerium oxide adsorbs oxygen from the carbon dioxide and water. system. 3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2,
A collector for absorbing sunlight and collecting heat to heat the decomposed part; And
And a hydrogen fuel cell that generates electricity by receiving hydrogen generated by decomposition of water in the decomposition unit. 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the microbial fuel cell unit
A wastewater storage tank for storing the organic wastewater;
An electrolytic bath for receiving the organic wastewater from the wastewater storage tank and decomposing the organic wastewater into microorganisms;
A cathode unit provided in the electrolytic cell and capturing electrons generated from the organic wastewater when decomposed by the microorganism; And
And a cathode part provided in the electrolytic cell and adapted to receive electrons captured by the cathode part and reduce the water to water. 5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the microbial fuel cell unit
And a step-up unit for supplying and boosting electricity generated by a potential difference between the cathode unit and the anode unit. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the cathode portion and the anode portion include electrodes made of any one of graphite, porous carbon, platinum and glassy carbon. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electricity charged in the power storage unit is supplied to a propulsion system or a utility facility of the ship or an offshore structure. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the photovoltaic fuel cell unit is provided at one side of an exhaust system for discharging exhaust gas generated from the internal combustion engine and the microbial fuel cell unit is provided at a lower portion of the housing of the ship or an offshore structure. Power generation system of a ship or an offshore structure fitted. 9. A ship or an offshore structure, characterized in that a power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided for the treatment and development of carbon dioxide and organic wastewater from ships or offshore structures. In the method of generating a ship or offshore structure,
1) absorbing sunlight, decomposing carbon dioxide and water generated in an internal combustion engine of the ship or an offshore structure, and generating water by decomposition to generate hydrogen;
2) capturing electrons generated by organic matter decomposition of microorganisms from organic wastewater generated in the ship or an offshore structure and reducing the water to generate electricity; And
3) A method of generating a vessel or an offshore structure equipped with a two-way fuel cell, comprising the steps of: receiving electricity generated from the step 1) or 2); 11. The method of claim 10,
The cerium oxide adsorbs oxygen from the carbon dioxide and the water to form the carbon dioxide and water, and the cerium oxide absorbs oxygen from the carbon dioxide and water, Wherein the method comprises the steps of: disassembling the fuel cell;

Images