KR20130118191A - 규소계 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 - Google Patents
규소계 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20130118191A KR20130118191A KR1020120076952A KR20120076952A KR20130118191A KR 20130118191 A KR20130118191 A KR 20130118191A KR 1020120076952 A KR1020120076952 A KR 1020120076952A KR 20120076952 A KR20120076952 A KR 20120076952A KR 20130118191 A KR20130118191 A KR 20130118191A
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 139
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 57
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- -1 aluminum-cadmium Chemical compound 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021488 crystalline silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011866 silicon-based anode active material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910008065 Si-SiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910006405 Si—SiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical group [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015041 whisky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 SiO 및 본 발명의 실시예들의 열처리 시간의 경과에 따른 규소계 음극 활물질 입자의 주사전자현미경(SEM) 사진이다((a): SiO, (b): 열처리 시간 30분, (c): 열처리 시간 60분, (d): 열처리 시간 120분).
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예들에 따른 규소계 음극 활물질 입자의 투과전자현미경(TEM) 사진이다((a): 열처리 시간 30분, (b): 열처리 시간 60분, (c): 열처리 시간 120분).
도 4는 NaOH의 사용 여부 및 열처리 시간에 따른 규소계 음극 활물질 입자의 X-선 회절 분석 스펙트럼이다.
도 5는 열처리 온도에 따른 규소계 음극 활물질 입자의 X-선 회절 분석 스펙트럼이다.
| 예 | 초기 물질 | SiO2의 함량 (중량%) |
열처리 시간 및 온도 |
탄소 함량 (중량%) |
코팅 공정 |
| 실시예 1 | SiO+NaOH | 5.5 | 800℃, 5분 | - | - |
| 실시예 2 | SiO+NaOH | 8.9 | 800℃, 10분 | - | |
| 실시예 3 | SiO+NaOH | 17.3 | 800℃, 30분 | - | |
| 실시예 4 | SiO+NaOH | 32.4 | 800℃, 60분 | - | |
| 실시예 5 | SiO+NaOH | 35.5 | 800℃, 120분 | - | |
| 실시예 6 | SiO+NaOH | 4.5 | 800℃, 5분 | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 실시예 7 | SiO+NaOH | 8.2 | 800℃, 10분 | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 실시예 8 | SiO+NaOH | 16.7 | 800℃, 30분 | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 실시예 9 | SiO+NaOH | 28.6 | 800℃, 60분 | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 실시예 10 | SiO+NaOH | 33.2 | 800℃, 120분 | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 비교예 1 | SiO | - | - | - | - |
| 비교예 2 | SiO | - | - | 10 | 800℃, 5시간 |
| 예 | 방전 용량(mAh/g) | 충전 용량(mAh/g) | 초기 쿨롱 효율(%) |
| 실시예 1 | 1575.3 | 2022.2 | 77.9 |
| 실시예 2 | 1518.6 | 1944.4 | 78.1 |
| 실시예 3 | 1376.8 | 1762.9 | 78.1 |
| 실시예 4 | 1128.6 | 1441.4 | 78.3 |
| 실시예 5 | 1081.1 | 1377.2 | 78.5 |
| 실시예 6 | 1528.2 | 1854.6 | 82.4 |
| 실시예 7 | 1451.8 | 1764.0 | 82.3 |
| 실시예 8 | 1308.4 | 1584.0 | 82.6 |
| 실시예 9 | 1135.8 | 1370.1 | 82.9 |
| 실시예 10 | 1047.2 | 1261.7 | 83.0 |
| 비교예 1 | 1653.8 | 2355.8 | 70.2 |
| 비교예 2 | 1575.0 | 2114.1 | 74.5 |
Claims (19)
- 규소 상; SiOx(0<x<2) 상; 및 이산화규소 상을 포함하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 이산화규소 상은 상기 SiOx 상에 분산되어 있는 것을 특징으로 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 이산화규소 상은 결정질인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 SiOx는 일산화규소인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 이산화규소 상은 크리스토발라이트(cristoballite)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 이산화규소 상은 음극 활물질에 대해 2 - 50 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 규소 상은 규소계 음극 활물질의 외부보다 내부에서 농도가 더 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 이산화규소 상은 규소계 전극 활물질의 내부보다 외부에서 농도가 더 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 규소 상 및 상기 이산화규소 상은 SiOx(0<x<2)의 불균등화에 의해 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
탄소 피복재를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질.
- 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극, 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극 및 분리막을 포함하고,
상기 음극 활물질은 청구항 1 내지 10 중 어느 한 항의 규소계 음극 활물질을 포함하는 이차전지.
- 알칼리계 수산화물을 극성 용매에 녹인 후 SiOx(0<x<2)와 혼합하는 단계; 및
상기 단계에서 제조된 혼합물에서 상기 극성 용매를 증발시킨 후 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 혼합 단계에서의 알칼리계 수산화물은 LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Be(OH)2, Mg(OH), Ca(OH)2 및 이들의 수화물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 혼합 단계에서의 극성 용매는 물 또는 알코올인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 혼합 단계에서의 알칼리계 수산화물은 혼합물 총중량에 대해 0.01 - 30 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 열처리 단계에서의 열처리는 750 - 1000 ℃에서 5 - 120 분 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 열처리된 혼합물을 여과하는 단계를 더 포함하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 열처리된 혼합물에 탄소를 피복하는 단계를 더 포함하는 규소계 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 18에 있어서,
상기 탄소는 음극 활물질 총중량에 대하여 1 - 30 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 규소계 복합체의 제조방법.
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| WO2015065095A1 (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20160038455A (ko) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 덕산하이메탈(주) | 리튬이차전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 리튬 이차전지활물질 |
| WO2016053031A1 (ko) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2017052278A1 (ko) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
| WO2017052281A1 (ko) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
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| JP2005209469A (ja) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-08-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
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| US10355272B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2019-07-16 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Anode active material for lithium secondary battery and method of preparing the same |
| KR20160038455A (ko) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 덕산하이메탈(주) | 리튬이차전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 리튬 이차전지활물질 |
| WO2016053031A1 (ko) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2017052278A1 (ko) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
| WO2017052281A1 (ko) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
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