KR20130100543A - Fly-ash concrete having low hydration heat - Google Patents
Fly-ash concrete having low hydration heat Download PDFInfo
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- KR20130100543A KR20130100543A KR20120021832A KR20120021832A KR20130100543A KR 20130100543 A KR20130100543 A KR 20130100543A KR 20120021832 A KR20120021832 A KR 20120021832A KR 20120021832 A KR20120021832 A KR 20120021832A KR 20130100543 A KR20130100543 A KR 20130100543A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 저발열(低發熱) 콘크리트 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 구체적으로는 시멘트를 대신하여 다량의 플라이애시(fly ash)를 사용하면서도 낮은 수화열 발현 특성과 일반 구조용 콘크리트 구조물에 적용할 수 있는 정도의 강도를 발현하게 되는 "시멘트의 플라이애시 치환에 의한 저발열 성능을 가지는 콘크리트 조성물"에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a low heat generation concrete composition, and in particular, using a large amount of fly ash in place of cement (low ash) heat expression characteristics and the strength that can be applied to the general structural concrete structure It relates to a "concrete composition having low heat generation performance by fly ash substitution of cement".
콘크리트는 세계적으로 약 17,000백만 톤은 매년 생산되고 있다. 콘크리트를 제조하기 위해서는 골재, 물 등과 같은 막대한 양의 천연자원뿐만 아니라 많은 양의 시멘트를 이용한다. 포틀랜드 시멘트 클링커의 제조 과정에서는 화석연료를 연소시켜 에너지를 얻어야 할 뿐만 아니라, 탄산칼슘의 탈산산 반응에 의해 직접적인 CO2 가스가 방출된다. 일반적으로 포틀랜드 시멘트 클링커 1kg를 제조하는 과정에서 탈탄산반응에 의해 약 0.53kg의 CO2 가스가 발생하고 화석연료의 연소에 의해 0.37kg의 CO2 가스가 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이와 같이 시멘트를 생산하는 과정에서 많은 양의 CO2 가스가 배출되며, 결국 콘크리트를 사용하기 위해서는 온실가스인 CO2 가스가 다량으로 방출되는 것이다. About 17,000 million tonnes of concrete are produced annually worldwide. In order to manufacture concrete, a large amount of cement is used as well as a huge amount of natural resources such as aggregate and water. In the manufacturing process of Portland cement clinker, not only does fossil fuel burn out to obtain energy, but also direct CO 2 gas is released by deoxidation of calcium carbonate. Generally, about 0.53 kg of CO 2 gas is generated by decarbonation and 0.37 kg of CO 2 gas is generated by burning fossil fuels during the production of 1 kg of Portland cement clinker. In this way, and a large amount of CO 2 gas discharged in the process of producing cement, in the end in order to use the concrete becomes a greenhouse gas, CO 2 gas emitted in a large amount.
시멘트의 사용량을 줄일 목적으로 플라이애시를 시멘트 보조재료로서 사용하려는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 대한민국 공개특허 제2001-37292호(2001. 05. 07 공개/ 특허출원 제1999-44717호)에는 플라이애시를 이용한 콘크리트의 제조방법이 개시되어 있다. 이와 같이 플라이애시를 사용한 콘크리트에 대한 종래기술이 존재하지만, 조기 강도의 발현이 지연된다는 문제로 인하여 콘크리트 내에서 플라이애시가 차지하는 비율은 제한되어 있다. Attempts have been made to use fly ash as a cement aid in order to reduce the amount of cement used. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-37292 (2001. 05. 07 Publication / Patent Application No. 1999-44717) discloses a method for producing concrete using fly ash. As such, there is a conventional technology for concrete using fly ash, but the ratio of fly ash in concrete is limited due to the problem of delayed development of early strength.
지구의 온난화가 가속화되고 있는 상황에서, 콘크리트의 제조 및 사용에 따른 온실가스인 CO2 가스의 배출량을 줄이고, 건설분야의 저탄소 녹색성장을 견인하기 위해서는 CO2 가스 배출의 주원인인 시멘트의 사용량을 줄인 콘크리트를 개발해야 할 필요성이 더욱 절실해지고 있는 실정이다. As global warming is accelerating, concrete that has reduced the use of cement, the main cause of CO 2 gas emission, is to reduce the emission of CO 2 gas, which is a greenhouse gas according to the manufacture and use of concrete, and to promote low carbon green growth in the construction field. There is a growing need for developing the system.
본 발명은 위와 같은 종래 기술의 한계와 필요성을 극복하기 위하여 개발된 것으로서, 구체적으로는 시멘트의 대체재로서 플라이애시를 다량으로 사용함으로써 시멘트 사용량을 줄이면서도 낮은 수화열 발현 특성과 일반 구조용 콘크리트 구조물에 적용할 수 있는 정도의 강도를 발현하게 되는 콘크리트 조성물을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
The present invention was developed to overcome the limitations and necessity of the prior art as described above, specifically, by using a large amount of fly ash as a substitute for cement, while reducing the amount of cement used, it can be applied to low heat of hydration and general structural concrete structures. It is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete composition that will develop a strength to a degree.
위와 같은 과제를 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서는, 플라이애시를 대량(시멘트 중량 대비 최대 50~65%)으로 활용하여 필요한 강도를 발휘하게 되는 콘크리트가 제공된다. 즉, 단위수량을 줄이면서도, 시멘트 중량을 100이라고 할 때 플라이애시를 50 내지 65를 함유하여, 시멘트를 대신하여 상당량의 플라이애시를 사용하면서도, 일반 구조용 콘크리트 구조물에 적용할 수 있는 정도의 높은 강도를 발휘할 수 있게 하는 콘크리트가 본 발명에 의해서 제공되는 것이다. In order to achieve the above problems, the present invention provides a concrete that exhibits the required strength by utilizing a fly ash in a large amount (up to 50 to 65% of the weight of cement). In other words, while reducing the amount of unit, when the cement weight is 100, it contains 50 to 65 fly ash, while using a considerable amount of fly ash in place of cement, high strength that can be applied to general structural concrete structures Concrete that can be exerted to be provided by the present invention.
구체적으로 본 발명에서는, 시멘트, 플라이애시, 고성능 감수제, 물 및 골재를 포함하되, 단위수량이 100~130kg/㎥이고, 플라이애시는 시멘트 중량을 100이라고 할 때 50 내지 65의 중량으로 포함되며, 28일 콘크리트 압축강도 값이 27MPa이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 콘크리트 조성물이 제공된다. 특히, 본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은, 단열온도 상승 값이 40℃이하이다.
Specifically, in the present invention, including cement, fly ash, high performance water reducing agent, water and aggregate, the unit amount is 100 ~ 130kg / ㎥, fly ash is included in the weight of 50 to 65 when the cement weight is 100, A concrete composition is provided, characterized in that the 28-day concrete compressive strength value is 27 MPa or more. In particular, the concrete composition according to the present invention, the heat insulation temperature rise value is 40 ℃ or less.
본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은, 시멘트를 대신하여 상당량의 플라이애시를 사용하면서도, 낮은 수화열을 보이며, 일반 구조용 콘크리트 구조물에 적용할 수 있는 정도의 높은 강도를 발휘하게 된다. 이와 같이 본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은 시멘트 사용량을 줄일 수 있게 되므로, 시멘트 사용에 따른 온실가스(이산화탄소 가스)의 발생량을 줄일 수 있게 되어 친환경적인 특성을 가진다.
The concrete composition according to the present invention, while using a large amount of fly ash in place of cement, exhibits a low heat of hydration, and exhibits a high degree of strength applicable to general structural concrete structures. As such, the concrete composition according to the present invention can reduce the amount of cement used, and thus can reduce the amount of greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide gas) caused by the use of cement.
도 1 및 도 2는 각각 본 발명의 실시예에 의한 콘크리트 조성물에 대한 미소 수화열 측정 결과를 보여주는 그래프도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 의한 콘크리트 조성물에 대한 압축강도 측정 결과를 보여주는 그래프도이다. 1 and 2 are graphs showing the results of the measurement of the heat of hydration for the concrete composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring the compressive strength for the concrete composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 설명한다. 본 발명은 도면에 도시된 실시예를 참고로 설명되었으나 이는 하나의 실시예로서 설명되는 것이며, 이것에 의해 본 발명의 기술적 사상과 그 핵심 구성 및 작용이 제한되지 않는다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the technical idea of the present invention and its essential structure and operation are not limited thereby.
본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은, 시멘트, 플라이애시, 고성능 감수제, 물 및 골재를 포함하되, 단위수량이 100~130kg/㎥이고, 플라이애시가 시멘트 중량을 100이라고 할 때 50 내지 65의 중량으로 포함되어 있으며, 28일 콘크리트 압축강도 값이 27MPa이상인 것을 특징으로 한다. 특히, 본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은, 단열온도 상승 값이 40℃이하이다. Concrete composition according to the present invention, including cement, fly ash, high performance water-reducing agent, water and aggregate, the unit quantity is 100 ~ 130kg / ㎥, when the fly ash is a cement weight of 100 to 50 to 65 included in the weight It is characterized in that the 28-day concrete compressive strength value is 27MPa or more. In particular, the concrete composition according to the present invention, the heat insulation temperature rise value is 40 ℃ or less.
본 발명의 콘크리트 조성물에 사용되는 플라이애시는 그 직경이 150㎛이하인 것이 바람직하다. The fly ash used in the concrete composition of the present invention preferably has a diameter of 150 μm or less.
본 발명에서 사용되는 플라이애시는, 플라이애시 전체의 중량을 100중량%라고 할 때, SiO2가 42~63%중량%, Al2O3는 20~26중량%이며, Fe2O3는 4~10중량%인 것이 바람직하며, 이러한 플라이애시는 시멘트(결합재)의 중량이 100일 때 약 50~65의 비율로 함유되는 것이 바람직하다. 한편, 콘크리트의 배합비에서 단위수량은 100~130kg/㎥이고, 잔골재 량은 750~900kg/㎥으로 배합되는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물에는, 콘크리트 배합에서 일반적으로 사용되는 조강제 또는 자극제는 사용되지 않는다. 다만, 콘크리트 조성물이 목표 슬럼프(약 150mm)를 가지도록 고성능 감수제는 사용된다. The fly ash used in the present invention, when the weight of the entire fly ash is 100% by weight, SiO 2 is 42-63% by weight, Al 2 O 3 is 20-26% by weight, Fe 2 O 3 is 4 Preferably, the fly ash is contained in a proportion of about 50 to 65 when the weight of the cement (binder) is 100. On the other hand, the amount of units in the mixing ratio of concrete is 100 ~ 130kg / ㎥, and the amount of fine aggregate is preferably blended to 750 ~ 900kg / ㎥. In addition, in the concrete composition according to the present invention, a roughening agent or a stimulant generally used in concrete mixing is not used. However, a high performance water reducing agent is used so that the concrete composition has a target slump (about 150 mm).
본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물의 구체적인 배합비는 아래의 표 1과 같다.
Specific mixing ratio of the concrete composition according to the present invention is shown in Table 1 below.
(%)Water-cement ratio
(%)
감수제
(kg/m3)High performance
Water reducing agent
(kg / m 3 )
애시Fly
Ash
<실시예><Examples>
다음에서는 본 발명의 실시예에 대해 설명한다. Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
구체적으로 아래의 표 2와 같은 배합비를 가지는 본 발명의 콘크리트 조성물에 대해 시험을 수행한 결과, 만족할 만한 초기 강도와 낮은 수화열 등의 특성을 얻을 수 있음이 확인되었다.
Specifically, as a result of performing a test on the concrete composition of the present invention having a compounding ratio as shown in Table 2 below, it was confirmed that satisfactory initial strength and low heat of hydration can be obtained.
(%)Water-cement ratio
(%)
(kg/m3)High Performance Supervisor
(kg / m 3 )
애시Fly
Ash
위의 표 2에 기재된 배합비를 가지는 실시예에서, 시멘트, 플라이애시, 잔골재 및 굵은 골재의 밀도는 각각 아래와 같다. In the embodiment having the mixing ratio described in Table 2 above, the density of cement, fly ash, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are as follows.
- 시멘트 밀도 : 3,150 kg/㎥ Cement Density: 3,150 kg / ㎥
- 플라이애시 밀도 : 2,200kg/㎥ -Fly ash density: 2,200kg / ㎥
- 잔골재 밀도 : 2,600 kg/㎥ -Fine aggregate density: 2,600 kg / ㎥
- 굵은골재 밀도 : 2,700kg/㎥
-Coarse aggregate density: 2,700kg / ㎥
위 표 2의 기재된 배합비를 가지는 실시예에 따른 콘크리트 조성물에 대한 미소 수화열 측정 결과가 각각 도 1 및 도 2에 그래프로 도시되어 있고, 도 3에는 강도 측정 결과가 도시되어 있다. 도 1 및 도 2에서 가로축은 시간(hour)이고 세로축은 각각 "열 발현비율(rate of heat leberation)"(도 1) 및 "발열(heat developled)"(도 2)이다. The microhydration heat measurement results for the concrete composition according to the embodiment having the mixing ratio described in Table 2 are shown graphically in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, and the strength measurement results are shown in Fig. 3. In Figures 1 and 2 the horizontal axis is hour and the vertical axis is "rate of heat leberation" (Figure 1) and "heat developled" (Figure 2), respectively.
도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 그래프의 선에서 "OPC"라고 표현된 곡선은 플라이애시를 사용하지 않고 결합재로서 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트를 사용한 비교예에 대한 것이고, "Fly ash 50%"라고 표현된 곡선은 본 발명에 따라 시멘트의 중량이 100일 때 플라이애시의 중량이 50인 실시예에 대한 것이다. The curves labeled “OPC” in the lines of the graphs shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are for comparative examples using portland cement as a binder without using fly ash, and the curves labeled “Fly
강도 측정 결과에 대한 도 3에서 가로축은 시간(일자 days)이고, 세로축은 압축강도이며, 상기한 본 발명의 실시예에 대한 압축강도 측정 결과이다. In Figure 3 for the strength measurement results, the horizontal axis is time (days days), the vertical axis is the compressive strength, the compressive strength measurement results for the embodiment of the present invention described above.
도 1 내지 도 3에서 확인되듯이, 본 발명에 따른 콘크리트 조성물은 낮은 수화열을 가진다는 특성과, 콘크리트 구조물로 사용되기에 적합한 강도를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.
As can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, the concrete composition according to the present invention was found to have a low heat of hydration, and has a strength suitable for use as a concrete structure.
Claims (2)
Including cement, fly ash, high performance water reducing agent, water and aggregate, the unit quantity is 100 ~ 130kg / ㎥, when the fly ash is a cement weight of 100 to 50 to 65, 28 days concrete compressive strength Low heat concrete composition characterized in that the value is 27MPa or more.
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|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120021832A KR20130100543A (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Fly-ash concrete having low hydration heat |
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| KR20120021832A KR20130100543A (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Fly-ash concrete having low hydration heat |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104909624A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏高科物流科技股份有限公司 | High-toughness concrete composition |
| KR20200048444A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 가천대학교 산학협력단 | High volume fly ash binder for compressive strength improvement |
-
2012
- 2012-03-02 KR KR20120021832A patent/KR20130100543A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104909624A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏高科物流科技股份有限公司 | High-toughness concrete composition |
| KR20200048444A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 가천대학교 산학협력단 | High volume fly ash binder for compressive strength improvement |
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