KR20130013635A - Energy harvesting device using spontaneous magnetization characteristics and electric resonance and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy harvesting apparatus and method using an induction coil and electric resonance having spontaneous magnetization characteristics are disclosed. The energy harvesting device includes an induction coil 12 having a ferrite core and a coil wound around the ferrite core, an electric resonance unit 20 for electrically resonating source electromotive force induced at both ends of the induction coil, and an electric resonance unit. It includes a power converter 30 for converting the power amplified by the usable form. The power converter includes an AC / DC converter for converting the power amplified by the electric resonance unit into DC, a DC power coupling unit for coupling the converted DC power, and a constant voltage constant current controller for controlling the size of the combined DC power.

Description

Energy harvesting device using spontaneous magnetization characteristics and electric resonance and method according to spontaneous magnetization characteristics

The present invention relates to an energy harvesting apparatus and method using an induction coil and electric resonance having spontaneous magnetization characteristics. More specifically, when an induction coil using a core of NiCuZn-based ferrite material, which is used as a broadband electromagnetic wave absorber, and an electrical resonant circuit combining barricons, the induction coil spontaneously voluntarily in a natural state based on the law of Faraday's electromagnetic induction. The present invention relates to an energy harvesting apparatus and a method for continuously generating an electromotive force and generating an independent form of a small amount of electric power by electrically resonating the generated electromotive force using a barricon.

In addition, when the energy harvesting device using the induction coil and the electric resonance having the spontaneous magnetization of the present invention is applied to the receiving side induction coil used for wireless charging based on Faraday's mutual induction law, It can be raised further.

Common power generation methods include hydro power generation using direct kinetic energy of water, thermal power generation by rotating turbines with power obtained by burning various fuels, fuel ion battery generation using ionization energy of materials, and solar power generation and wind power using natural energy. There are many different power generation methods such as power generation, wave power generation, tidal power generation, ocean temperature differential power generation, and new and renewable energy generation technologies are being developed. However, many of the power generation methods described above are power generation methods for producing a relatively large amount of commercial power, and there is a problem in that power line drawing work and accompanying breakthrough work and auxiliary work are required, and costly for installation and operation. There is this. Therefore, even if the power is small, spontaneously produces minute power in the natural state, continuously charges it, and uses the charged power to provide low power LED lamp lighting or operation power of the low power device using the same. Wireless charging technology that can be utilized in various devices that can be operated even with a small amount of power or auxiliary electronic devices of social infrastructure, and does not require power line inlet work, accompanying breaker work and additional work, and is currently being researched and developed in various forms In the device field, there is a need for an apparatus and method for improving charging efficiency.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an induction coil having spontaneous characteristics and an energy harvesting apparatus and method capable of continuously producing minute power by electroresonating electromotive force induced at both ends of the induction coil.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an energy harvesting apparatus and method for producing power that can be used in an independent form by mutually coupling and charging the electromotive force produced for each induction coil.

In the present invention, induction coil having a strong spontaneous magnetization characteristic at room temperature and having a core of a ferrite material used as a broadband electromagnetic wave absorber and an electric resonance by easily adjusting the frequency according to the formation of electromotive force applied to both ends of the induction coil Characterized in that it has an electric resonance for generating.

Energy harvesting apparatus using the induction coil and the electric resonance having the spontaneous characteristics of the present invention,

 An induction coil including a ferrite core and a coil wound around the ferrite core, an electric resonance unit for electrically resonating source electromotive force induced at both ends of the induction coil, and converting the power amplified by the electric resonance unit into usable form It characterized in that it comprises a power conversion unit.

The ferrite core is characterized in that the NiCuZn-based ferrite.

The electrical resonator may include a variable capacitor.

The variable capacitor is characterized in that the polybaricon.

The induction coil and the electric resonance unit are each provided in plural, and the power conversion unit is combined with an AC / DC converter for converting the power amplified by the electric resonance unit into direct current, and a DC power coupling unit for coupling the converted direct current power; It characterized in that it comprises a constant voltage constant current control unit for controlling the size of the DC power supply.

In addition, the energy harvesting method using the induction coil and the electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization of the present invention,

An electric resonance step of electrically resonating source electromotive force induced at both ends of an induction coil made by winding a coil on a ferrite core for each of the induction coils, converting and smoothing the electroresonated source electromotive force into a direct current power source, and a plurality of converted direct currents DC power coupling step of coupling the power, characterized in that it comprises a power charging step of charging the combined DC power.

The electric resonance step is characterized in that it is carried out using polybaricone.

According to the energy harvesting method and apparatus using the induction coil and the electric resonance having the spontaneous magnetization characteristics of the present invention, the electromotive force induced at both ends of the induction coil and the coil wound using a NiCuZn-based ferrite core having strong spontaneous magnetization characteristics even at room temperature By combining with the baricon to allow electric resonance can produce amplified power.

In addition, according to the energy harvesting apparatus and method of the present invention, by combining and charging the electromotive force produced for each induction coil, it is possible to produce power that can be used in an independent form.

In addition, by adjusting the frequency to match the frequency characteristics of the induction coil using a barricon, the electric resonance amplification can greatly increase the load-side received induced electromotive force according to the electromagnetic mutual induction law, and improve and optimize the efficiency of the induced electromotive force. You can do that.

Therefore, it is possible to spontaneously produce minute electric power even in the natural state, and continuously charge it and use the charged power to provide low power LED lamp lighting or operation power of the low power device using the same, and at the same time, electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic interaction Based on the law of derivation, it becomes possible to provide a base technology that enables the implementation of various application technologies.

1 is a block diagram of an energy harvesting apparatus using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristic of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the ferrite core of the induction coil of FIG. 1.
3 is a view of the induction coil of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram for electric resonance and direct current conversion of electromotive force induced in an induction coil of FIG. 1.
5 is a spontaneous source electromotive force measurement diagram of an induction coil of 0.5 mm PVC mock-up core diameter.
6 is a diagram of spontaneous source electromotive force measurement of an induction coil with a ferrite core diameter of 0.5 mm.
7 is a diagram of electroresonant source magnetization source electromotive force of 0.1mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a spontaneous source electromotive force after electroresonance of a 0.1 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil. FIG.
9 is a diagram showing the electroresonant source magnetization source electromotive force of a 0.2mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
10 is a diagram of spontaneous source electromotive force after electroresonance of a 0.2 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of electroresonant source magnetization electromotive force of a 0.4 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil. FIG.
12 is a diagram of spontaneous source electromotive force measurement after electroresonance of a 0.4 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the electroresonant source magnetization source electromotive force of a 0.5 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
14 is a diagram of spontaneous source electromotive force after electroresonance of a 0.5mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing electroresonant spontaneous source electromotive force of a 0.65 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil. FIG.
16 is a diagram of spontaneous source electromotive force after electroresonance of a 0.65 mm diameter ferrite core induction coil.
FIG. 17 is a frequency characteristic diagram of chemical composition ratios of Fe 2 O 3 49.0 mol%, NiO 9.0 mol%, CuO 8.0 mol%, and ZnO 34.0 mol% of NiCuZn ferrite.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the energy harvesting apparatus and method using the induction coil and the electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristics of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the induction coil 12 for inducing electromotive force is manufactured by winding an induction coil 111 around the ferrite core 110. The ferrite core 110 is a NiCuZn-based ferrite. Briefly, the characteristics of the compound composition of the material indicate that the NiZn-based ferrite has a relatively high permeability and electrical resistivity and is easily sintered and formed. NiCuZn ferrite is used as (EMI) material and can be sintered and formed at lower temperature than NiZn ferrite by adding Cu. Especially, NiCuZn ferrite is known to have excellent electromagnetic absorption and high magnetic properties in high frequency band.

Therefore, the ferrite core of the present invention is a ferrite heat-treated after sintering and molding from a material composed of 49.0 mol% of chemical composition of Fe₂O₃, 9.0 mol% of NiO, 8.0 mol% of CuO, and 34.0 mol% of ZnO. The core body 120 coated with an insulator on the surface of the coil and the coil is wound, and has a core guide portion 121 which allows the wound coil to have a stable structure without being separated from the coil. The coil is guided to both ends of the induction coil 12. An electric resonance unit 20 for electromotive force electromotive force, and a power converter 30 for converting the electromotive force amplified by the electric resonance unit 20 into a usable form.

On the other hand, the induction coil 12 is selected to the number of induction coils to the size of the power to be used according to the magnitude of the source electromotive force induced in the coil, the induction coil is an electric resonance unit, AC / DC converter and DC It is coupled in series in the DC power supply series coupling unit after the conversion and smoothing unit, which will be described later. When the DC power coupling unit passes through the DC power supply in series, it can be used by charging and controlling the voltage efficiently to fit the size of the DC power supply of the device requiring the DC power supply.

1 and 4, the induction coil 12 is connected to the electric resonance unit 20 and the power converter 30 in a circuit. The electric resonance unit 20 includes a plurality of electric resonance amplifiers 21 connected to the induction coil 12, respectively, and each of the electric resonance amplifiers 21 includes an AC / DC converter 31 and a DC conversion smoother. 32, respectively, these DC conversion smoothing portions 32 are coupled by a DC power supply coupling portion 33.

Here, a variable capacitor is used as the electric resonance unit 20. In particular, in the present invention, an electric resonance circuit is constructed by using a polybaricon having a capacitance of 150 kHz used for frequency tuning. Of course, an air baricone having a larger capacitance than polybaricone may be used, and an electric resonance means may be appropriately employed by adjusting capacitance values by direct and parallel coupling of other barricades.

The DC power coupled by the DC power coupling unit 33 is regulated by the constant voltage control unit 34 and charged in the charging unit 40.

On the other hand, spontaneous magnetization according to the present invention refers to a magnetization spontaneously formed in a magnetic body without the influence of an external electromagnetic field, NiCuZn-based ferrite used in the present invention is an oxide magnetic material as a material widely used for electromagnetic interference (EMI) purposes It blocks electromagnetic waves in a wide range of frequencies and has excellent characteristics especially in the frequencies of high frequency bands. The basic properties of the material can be easily used even in ferromagnetic and relatively large electrical resistances, and have strong spontaneity at room temperature.

Considering the basic theory on the principle of energy harvesting using spontaneous magnetization, the basic equation is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction as in the following equation.

As shown in the above equation, only when the magnetic flux is changed, current, that is, electromotive force V _emf , is generated. In the condition under which the electromotive force is induced, it is necessary to change the magnetic flux. Normally, the electromotive force generated when a conductor moves at a constant magnetic flux density is expressed as a motion emf, V ^m _emf , and the electromotive force generated when the magnetic flux density changes in a stationary loop as a transformer emf V ^tr _emf . do.

The basic principle of energy harvesting using spontaneous magnetization as in the present invention is a transformer electromotive force, and the trans electromotive force is a fixed loop and a change in the density of the electromagnetic field around the loop. .

If the number of turns of the induction coil is N turns, it is expressed by the following equation.

Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prove the above formula and to compare and test the characteristics of spontaneous magnetization, one type of induction coil using the mock-up core made of PVC material and the ferrite core and the ferrite core are used. Six kinds of induction coils with different diameters were produced.

In other words, the coil wound on the ferrite core has six types of induction coils wound with coils of Φ 0.1 mm, Φ 0.2 mm, Φ 0.3 mm, Φ 0.4 mm, Φ 0.5 mm, and Φ 0.65 mm, respectively. The PVC mock-up core is wound with a coil of Φ0.5 mm and changes the basic induced electromotive force according to the number of turns and the cross-sectional area of the induction coil according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The spontaneous magnetization characteristics of the induction coil using and the induction coil using the nonmagnetic magnetic core were tested as follows.

As a result of testing the characteristics of spontaneous magnetization after applying 10Ω resistance to both ends of the induction coil manufactured to Φ0.5 mm in the induction coil manufactured as described above, the results are as shown in [Table 1].

division Core material Turn number inductance
(± 10%) Reactance
(± 10%) Spontaneity
Source electromotive force Reference
Φ0.5mm
induction
coil
(1 module)
PVC
630
28mH
2.8Ω
72-86
mV
5
ferrite
630
31mH
3Ω
96-105
mV
6

As shown in Table 1, an induction coil wound using a core of a material having ferromagnetic and spontaneous properties has a source electromotive force rather than an induction coil using a core of a material having no nonmagnetic and spontaneous properties. It can be seen that the efficiency is high in this average range of 122 ~ 133%.

In addition, as shown in Figure 4, in order to implement the energy harvesting method and apparatus using the induction coil and the electric resonance having the spontaneous characteristics of the present invention, the source electromotive force of the ferrite core induction coil 12 is polybaricon Combining with and configured the electric resonator 20 to resonate at a specific frequency, and configured to convert the source electromotive force amplified by resonance to AC / DC to the AC / DC converter 32 for use as a direct current.

Here, theoretically considering the resonance of the present invention, the resonance of the present invention is an electrical resonance, that is, the inductor and capacitor used as the LC resonance by the combination of the inductor L and the capacitor C (which means a bar in the present invention) is the electromagnetic energy accumulation It is a device that has the characteristics of instantaneous accumulation and emission of electromagnetic energy.

Typically, an inductor stores electromotive force formed around a long induction coil wound with a wire such as a solenoid coil in the form of a magnetic field, and a capacitor stores the electromotive force in the form of an electric field between two metal plates composed of flat plates. This is called a reactance element. A method of efficiently extracting electromotive force stored by an inductor and a capacitor can be interpreted as resonance.

Electromagnetic resonance is a form of exchange of electromotive force energy stored between an inductor and a capacitor. When a specific frequency is applied to an LC circuit, an inductor has a characteristic of preventing the storage of electromotive force (energy) stored in the form of a magnetic field as the frequency increases. Has the characteristic of storing a lot of electromotive force by inducing a change in electric field faster as frequency increases.

Therefore, if the characteristics of the two devices for a specific frequency are reversed, and the electromotive force energy is concentrated to either the inductor or the capacitor, a loss occurs and the stored energy is not used.

At this time, if the L or C value is properly adjusted, energy storage is not concentrated in either of the inductor and the capacitor. This specific frequency is referred to as the resonance frequency. For efficient electrical resonance, the L and C values exist and the impedance The imaginary part of must be 0, and the expression of imaginary part 0 can be expressed by the following equation.

Here, the frequency at which the imaginary impedance becomes 0 is an electrical resonance frequency.

If the above equation is found with respect to frequency (f; resonance frequency),

 .

As can be seen from the above equation, the electrical resonance is determined by multiplying the L value of the inductor and the C value obtained by adjusting the baricon, and if the L and C values are known, the resonance frequency can be easily calculated. For example, a resonance frequency of 1592.35kHz is calculated using an inductor with an inductance L value of 200 μH and a barricon with a capacitor C value of 50 Hz.

In particular, the electrical resonance of the present invention shows that it is possible to configure a resonant circuit having a selective characteristic at a specific frequency by adjusting the L or C value. A polybaric material with a medium capacity of 150pF was used and the inductance L value of 23.6H of the induction coil made of Φ0.1 mm was tested to show the amplification of the maximum source electromotive force at 144 는데. When calculated by substituting the equation of, the frequency of the 2.675MHz band is calculated, and as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the electric resonance in the present invention shows that it is possible to configure a resonant circuit having a selective characteristic by appropriate adjustment of the L or C value, and the coil wound on the ferrite core is Φ0.1 mm, Φ0.2 mm, After applying 10Ω resistance to both ends of the induction coils Φ0.4mm, Φ0.5mm, and Φ0.65mm, the electroresonance test was conducted on the source electromotive force of the induction coil by continuously changing the capacitance of the varicon. , The same result as in [Table 2] was obtained.

division
Turn number
inductance
(± 10%)
Reactance
(± 10%) Before resonance
Spontaneity
Source electromotive force After resonance
Spontaneity
Source electromotive force
Reference Φ0.1mm
Induction Coil 15,380 23.6H 2.05KΩ 127 mV 1.02V 7
8 Φ0.2mm
Induction Coil 4000 1.2H 115Ω 110 mV 381mV 9
10 Φ0.4mm
Induction Coil 980 73mH 7Ω 123 mV 399mV 11
Figure 12 Φ0.5mm
Induction Coil 630 31mH 3Ω 96 mV 477mV 13
14 Φ0.65mm
Induction Coil 355 11.4mH 1.3Ω 111 mV 216 mV Figure 15
Figure 16

When analyzing the characteristics of the source electromotive force before and after the electromagnetic resonance with respect to the ferrite core induction coil as shown in [Table 2], when the source of the induction coil is adjusted to the capacitance of the capacitor (139 ~ 144pF) It can be seen from the test that the electromotive force is significantly amplified. In particular, an induction coil having a 0.1 mm cross-sectional area exhibits a 8.03 times source electromotive force resonance amplification effect.

12: induction coil
20: electrical resonator
30: power conversion unit
33 DC series coupling unit
34: constant voltage constant current controller
40: charging unit

Claims (7)

An induction coil having a ferrite core and a coil wound around the ferrite core;
An electric resonance unit for electrically resonating source electromotive force induced at both ends of the induction coil;
An energy harvesting device using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristic, characterized in that it comprises a power conversion unit for converting the power amplified by the electric resonance unit into a usable form. The method of claim 1,
The ferrite core is an NiCuZn-based ferrite energy harvesting device using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristics. The method of claim 1,
The energy resonant device using the induction coil and the electric resonance having the spontaneous magnetization characteristics, characterized in that the electrical resonator comprises a variable capacitor. The method of claim 3,
The variable capacitor is an energy harvesting device using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristic, characterized in that the poly-baricon. The method of claim 1,
The induction coil and the electric resonance unit are each provided in plural, and the power conversion unit is combined with an AC / DC converter for converting the power amplified by the electric resonance unit into direct current, and a DC power coupling unit for coupling the converted direct current power; An energy harvesting device using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristic, characterized in that it comprises a constant voltage constant current control unit for controlling the size of the DC power supply. An electric resonance step of electrically resonating source electromotive force induced at both ends of an induction coil made by winding a coil on a ferrite core for each of the induction coils,
Converting and smoothing the electroresonated source electromotive force into a direct current power source,
DC power coupling step of combining a plurality of converted DC power,
An energy harvesting method using an induction coil and electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristic comprising a power charging step of charging a combined DC power source. The electrical resonance step is energy harvesting method using the induction coil and the electric resonance having a spontaneous magnetization characteristics, characterized in that performed using polybaricon.

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