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KR20120032100A - Apparatus for treating water using capacitive deionization and carbon electrode - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating water using capacitive deionization and carbon electrode Download PDF

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KR20120032100A
KR20120032100A KR1020100093536A KR20100093536A KR20120032100A KR 20120032100 A KR20120032100 A KR 20120032100A KR 1020100093536 A KR1020100093536 A KR 1020100093536A KR 20100093536 A KR20100093536 A KR 20100093536A KR 20120032100 A KR20120032100 A KR 20120032100A
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electrode
activated carbon
water treatment
adsorption
water
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KR101732188B1 (en
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윤석원
박광규
박승수
박필양
안희수
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한국전력공사
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
    • C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 탄소전극을 이용한 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 관한 것으로, 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 사용되는 흡착전극 중 양극으로 사용되는 흡착전극에만 선택적으로 백금을 담지하여 산소 과전압을 높여줌으로써, 1.2 V 보다 높은 인가전압에서도 물의 전기분해를 방지하여 이온흡착효율을 높인 전기흡착식 수처리장치를 제공한다.The present invention relates to an electroadsorption water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, by selectively supporting platinum on the adsorption electrode used as the anode of the adsorption electrode used in the electrosorption water treatment apparatus to increase the oxygen overvoltage, the applied voltage higher than 1.2 V In addition, to prevent the electrolysis of water to provide an electrosorption type water treatment device to increase the ion adsorption efficiency.

Description

탄소전극을 이용한 전기흡착식 수처리장치{Apparatus for treating water using capacitive deionization and carbon electrode}Apparatus for treating water using capacitive deionization and carbon electrode}

본 발명은 경도성분이나 이온물질이 높은 해수나 민물 또는 상수를 사용하는 가정, 회사 등에서 물의 경도성분 또는 이온물질을 저감하는 전기흡착식(CDI: Capacitive Deionization) 수처리장치용 양전극과 이의 제조방법, 상기 양전극을 포함하는 셀, 이 셀을 포함하는 수처리장치 및 수처리방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention provides a positive electrode for a capacitive deionization (CDI) water treatment device for reducing water hardness components or ionic substances in seawater, fresh water or water using high hardness components or ionic substances, a company, and a method for manufacturing the same. It relates to a cell, a water treatment apparatus including the cell and a water treatment method.

본 발명의 탄소전극을 사용한 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 해수의 담수화, 염수의 담수화, 폐수처리, 실험실용 용수처리, 가정의 목욕용, 식기 세척용 등에 활용될 수 있다.
Electrosorption type water treatment apparatus using the carbon electrode of the present invention can be utilized for desalination of seawater, desalination of brine, wastewater treatment, laboratory water treatment, home bath, dish washing.

기존의 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 사용되는 흡착전극은 활성탄소섬유시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 탄소흡착전극 등으로 구성되어, 그 구성물질이 모두 활성탄소로 이루어진 특징을 가지고 있다. 기존의 흡착전극을 이용한 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 양극 및 음극에 모두 단일 종류의 탄소성분으로 이루어진 흡착전극을 사용하고 있다.Adsorption electrode used in the existing electrosorption type water treatment device is composed of activated carbon fiber sheet, activated carbon fiber non-woven fabric sheet, carbon adsorption electrode, etc., all of the components are made of activated carbon. Conventional adsorption electrodes using adsorption electrodes use adsorption electrodes consisting of a single kind of carbon components for both the anode and the cathode.

이와 같은 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 흡착전극에 이온을 흡착하기 위하여 전기를 인가하게 되는데, 인가전압이 1.2 V를 넘어가게 될 경우 전극에서 전기분해가 일어나게 되어, 산소 및 수소 기포가 전극의 표면에 덮여 흡착효율이 현저하게 저하되며, 전극의 열화를 촉진하게 된다.Such an electrosorption type water treatment device applies electricity to adsorb ions on the adsorption electrode. When the applied voltage exceeds 1.2 V, electrolysis occurs at the electrode, and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles are covered on the surface of the electrode for adsorption. The efficiency is significantly lowered and the deterioration of the electrode is promoted.

일반적으로 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 운전 초기에는 인가된 전압이 흡착전극에 이온을 흡착하는데 사용되기 때문에, 약간 높은 인가전압, 즉 3 V 가까이 까지도 전기분해가 일어나지 않을 수도 있다.In general, since the applied voltage is used to adsorb ions to the adsorption electrode at the beginning of the operation of the electrosorption water treatment device, electrolysis may not occur even at a slightly higher applied voltage, that is, close to 3V.

그러나, 흡착전극에 흡착이 진행됨에 따라 결국 1.2 V 이상에서는 전기분해가 필연적으로 일어나게 되며, 이를 장치의 운전 중 인가전압의 조정을 통해 조정하기는 극히 어려운 실정이다.However, as adsorption proceeds on the adsorption electrode, electrolysis inevitably occurs at 1.2 V or more, which is extremely difficult to adjust by adjusting the applied voltage during operation of the device.

따라서, 모든 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 기본적인 인가전압의 상한선은 1.2 V 이며, 이로 인해 해수와 같이 이온이 다량 포함된 물의 처리는 아직까지 불가능한 실정이었다.
Therefore, the upper limit of the basic applied voltage of all the electrosorption water treatment apparatus is 1.2 V, which has not been possible to treat water containing a large amount of ions such as seawater.

본 발명은 상술한 문제점을 해소하기 위해 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 사용되는 흡착전극 중 양극으로 사용되는 흡착전극에만 선택적으로 백금을 담지하여 산소 과전압을 높여줌으로써, 1.2 V 보다 높은 인가전압에서도 물의 전기분해를 방지하여 물 중의 이온흡착효율을 높일 수 있는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극과 이의 제조방법, 상기 양전극을 포함하는 셀, 이 셀을 포함하는 수처리장치 및 수처리방법을 제공하는 것이다.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to increase the oxygen overvoltage by selectively supporting platinum to only the adsorption electrode used as the anode of the adsorption electrode used in the electrosorption water treatment device, 1.2 V Provided is a positive electrode for an electroadsorption water treatment device, a method for manufacturing the same, a cell including the positive electrode, a water treatment apparatus including the cell, and a water treatment method, which can prevent electrolysis of water even at a higher applied voltage. It is.

본 발명은 상기 목적을 달성하기 위해, 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a positive electrode for an electroadsorbing water treatment device, characterized in that platinum is supported on a carbon adsorption electrode.

본 발명에서 사용되는 탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 전도성 탄소흡착전극 등으로 이루어질 수 있다.The carbon adsorption electrode used in the present invention may be composed of an electrode containing activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a nonwoven fabric of activated carbon fibers, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, a conductive carbon adsorption electrode, and the like. have.

또한, 본 발명은 백금용액에 탄소흡착전극을 침지한 후 건조시키고 가열하는 단계를 포함하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극의 제조방법을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a method for producing a positive electrode for an electroadsorbable water treatment device comprising the step of immersing the carbon adsorption electrode in a platinum solution, followed by drying and heating.

본 발명에서 양전극의 백금 담지용으로 사용되는 백금용액은 Pt(NH3)6Cl4, Pt(NH3)4Cl4, K2PtCl4 및 H2PtCl6H2O 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상일 수 있다.Platinum solution used for the platinum support of the positive electrode in the present invention is at least one selected from Pt (NH 3 ) 6 Cl 4 , Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 4 , K 2 PtCl 4 and H 2 PtCl 6 H 2 O Can be.

또한, 본 발명은 서로 마주보는 한 쌍의 집전체; 및 한 쌍의 집전체 사이에 설치되고, 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 셀을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention is a pair of current collectors facing each other; And a pair of adsorption electrodes provided between the pair of current collectors and having a cathode supported by platinum on a carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode composed of a carbon adsorption electrode.

본 발명의 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 셀은 한 쌍의 흡착전극 사이에 양이온교환막, 유로형성판 및 음이온교환막을 추가로 포함할 수 있다.The cell for the electrosorption water treatment device of the present invention may further include a cation exchange membrane, a flow path forming plate and an anion exchange membrane between the pair of adsorption electrodes.

또한, 본 발명은 처리대상수를 공급하는 유입관과 처리수를 배출하는 배출관을 구비하는 반응기; 반응기 내부에 설치되고 서로 마주보는 한 쌍의 집전체; 한 쌍의 집전체 사이에 설치되고, 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극; 반응기에 직류전압을 공급하는 정류기; 및 정류기와 연결되어 집전체에 전압을 인가하는 전압인가선을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention includes a reactor having an inlet pipe for supplying the water to be treated and the discharge pipe for discharging the treated water; A pair of current collectors installed inside the reactor and facing each other; A pair of adsorption electrodes provided between the pair of current collectors and including a positive electrode carrying platinum on the carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode composed of the carbon adsorption electrodes; A rectifier for supplying a DC voltage to the reactor; And a voltage applying line connected to the rectifier to apply a voltage to the current collector.

본 발명의 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 집전체를 직렬연결선으로 연결하여 다단의 셀을 구성할 수 있다.In the electrosorption water treatment device of the present invention, a multi-stage cell can be configured by connecting a current collector with a series connection line.

또한, 본 발명은 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 처리대상수를 유입시켜 처리대상수 중 이온을 흡착시키는 단계를 포함하는 전기흡착식 수처리방법을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention flows the water to be treated into an electrosorption water treatment device having a pair of adsorption electrodes including a positive electrode carrying platinum on the carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode made of a carbon adsorption electrode to collect ions in the water to be treated. It provides an electrosorption water treatment method comprising the step of adsorbing.

본 발명에서 처리대상수는 해수, 민물, 상수, 염수, 폐수, 하수, 지하수 등으로, 경도성분이나 이온물질을 함유하는 모든 물을 처리할 수 있다.
In the present invention, the water to be treated includes seawater, fresh water, water, brine, wastewater, sewage, groundwater, and the like, and can treat all water containing hardness components and ionic substances.

본 발명은 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 사용되는 흡착전극 중 양극으로 사용되는 흡착전극에만 선택적으로 백금을 담지하여 산소과전압을 높여줌으로써, 1.2 V 보다 높은 인가전압에서도 물의 전기분해를 방지하여 이온흡착효율을 높인 전기흡착식 수처리장치를 제공한다. 흡착전극에 인가전압을 높이면 물 중의 이온상이 흡착전극으로 이동하는 효율이 높아져서, 보다 적은 면적의 흡착전극을 사용하여 장치를 구성할 수 있어 장치 제작비용이 적게 들며, 물 중에 낮은 이온농도에서도 높은 흡착효율을 얻을 수 있어 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 운전효율을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 특히, 단위면적당 이온의 흡착효율이 높아짐에 따라, 현재 상용화가 이루어지지 않고 있는 해수담수화 분야에 적용이 가능한 전기흡착식 담수화장치의 구성이 가능하다.
In the present invention, by selectively supporting platinum on the adsorption electrode used as the anode among the adsorption electrodes used in the electrosorption water treatment device to increase the oxygen overvoltage, the ion adsorption efficiency is improved by preventing the electrolysis of water even at an applied voltage higher than 1.2 V. An electrosorption water treatment apparatus is provided. Increasing the voltage applied to the adsorption electrode increases the efficiency of the ion phase in the water to move to the adsorption electrode, thus making it possible to construct the device using a smaller area of the adsorption electrode, resulting in lower manufacturing costs and high adsorption even at low ion concentrations in water. Since the efficiency can be obtained, there is an advantage to increase the operating efficiency of the electrosorption water treatment device. In particular, as the adsorption efficiency of ions per unit area is increased, it is possible to configure an electroadsorption desalination apparatus applicable to the seawater desalination field, which is not currently commercialized.

도 1은 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 개략적인 구성도이다.
도 2는 CDI 다단 셀의 세부 적층 측면도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrosorption water treatment device.
2 is a detailed stacked side view of a CDI multi-stage cell.

이하, 첨부도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 개략적인 구성도로서, 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 처리대상수 중의 이온을 양이온과 음이온으로 각각 흡착한 후 탈착 제거하여 정화시키는 반응기(8), 반응기(8)에 처리대상수를 공급하는 유입관(18), 반응기(8)에 직류전압을 공급하는 정류기(2), 반응기(8) 내부에 설치되는 양극집전체(14), 반응기(8) 내부에 설치되는 음극집전체(6), 양극집전체(14)에 양전압을 인가하는 양전압인가선(12), 음극집전체(6)에 음전압을 인가하는 음전압인가선(10), 양극집전체(14)와 음극집전체(6)를 직렬로 연결하는 스택간 직렬연결선(16), 반응기(8)로부터 처리수를 배출하는 배출관(4) 등으로 구성되어 있다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrosorption water treatment device, wherein the electrosorption water treatment device is a reactor (8) and a reactor (8) for desorbing and purifying by adsorbing ions in water to be treated with cations and anions, respectively. Inlet pipe (18) for supplying water, rectifier (2) for supplying DC voltage to the reactor (8), positive electrode current collector (14) installed inside the reactor (8), negative electrode house installed in the reactor (8) Positive voltage applying line 12 for applying positive voltage to the whole 6, positive electrode collector 14, negative voltage applying line 10 for applying negative voltage to the negative electrode collector 6, and positive electrode current collector 14. ) And a series connection line 16 between stacks for connecting the negative electrode current collector 6 in series, and a discharge pipe 4 for discharging the treated water from the reactor 8.

도 2는 CDI 다단 셀의 세부 적층 측면도로서, CDI 셀은 집전체와 흡착전극 및 이온교환막 등으로 구성된다. 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 CDI 셀은 집전체(20, 32, 44), 이 집전체(20, 32, 44)에 접촉한 전극(22, 30, 34, 42, 46, 54), 양이온교환막(24, 36, 48) 및 음이온교환막(28, 40, 52)을 포함하고, 유로형성판(26, 38, 50)의 라인을 따라 처리대상수의 유로(A, A1, A2, A3)가 형성된다. 이때 처리대상수 중의 양이온은 양이온교환막(24, 36, 48)을 통과하여 음전극(22, 34, 46)에 흡착되고, 음이온은 음이온교환막(28, 40, 52)을 통과하여 양전극(30, 42, 54)에 흡착됨으로써, 장치를 통과한 처리대상수는 경도성분 등의 이온이 제거된 깨끗한 물이 된다.FIG. 2 is a detailed stacked side view of a CDI multi-stage cell, in which a CDI cell includes a current collector, an adsorption electrode, an ion exchange membrane, and the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the CDI cells of the electrosorption water treatment apparatus have current collectors 20, 32, 44, and electrodes 22, 30, 34, 42, 46 contacting the current collectors 20, 32, 44. 54, cation exchange membranes 24, 36, 48 and anion exchange membranes 28, 40, 52, and the flow paths A, A1 of the water to be treated along the lines of the flow path forming plates 26, 38, 50; , A2, A3) are formed. At this time, the cations in the water to be treated pass through the cation exchange membranes 24, 36, and 48, and are adsorbed to the negative electrodes 22, 34, and 46, and the anions pass through the anion exchange membranes 28, 40, and 52. And 54), the water to be treated passing through the device becomes clean water from which ions such as hardness components have been removed.

기존의 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 흡착전극은 양전극과 음전극 모두 동일한 재질의 탄소전극을 사용하였다. 탄소전극에 전압을 1.2 V 이상 인가하게 되면, 물의 전기분해에 의해 양전극에서는 산소가 발생하고 음전극에서는 수소가 발생하게 된다.As the adsorption electrode of the conventional electrosorption water treatment device, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode used carbon electrodes of the same material. When voltage is applied to the carbon electrode of 1.2 V or more, oxygen is generated at the positive electrode and hydrogen is generated at the negative electrode by water electrolysis.

기존의 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 사용되는 흡착전극에서 주재료인 탄소의 특성상 수소 과전압이 높기 때문에 음전극은 별도의 처리 없이 탄소성분의 흡착전극을 그대로 사용하여도 문제가 없으며, 양전극의 산소 과전압에 의해 전기분해가 일어나는 전압이 결정되었다.Since the hydrogen overvoltage is high due to the nature of carbon, which is the main material of the adsorption electrode used in the existing electrosorption water treatment device, the negative electrode does not have any problem even if the adsorption electrode of the carbon component is used without any additional treatment. The voltage at which it occurs is determined.

따라서, 본 발명에서는 음전극(22, 34, 46)은 기존의 흡착전극을 그대로 사용하고, 양전극(30, 42, 54)은 흡착전극에 백금을 담지하여 산소과전압을 높여줌으로써 보다 높은 인가전압에서도 물의 전기분해가 일어나지 않고 운전이 가능하다.Therefore, in the present invention, the negative electrodes 22, 34, 46 use the existing adsorption electrodes as they are, and the positive electrodes 30, 42, 54 carry the platinum on the adsorption electrodes to increase oxygen overvoltage, so that the Operation is possible without electrolysis.

음전극(22, 34, 46)에 사용되는 탄소흡착전극으로는 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극 등을 사용할 수 있다.As the carbon adsorption electrode used for the negative electrodes 22, 34 and 46, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a nonwoven fabric of activated carbon fibers, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or a conductive carbon adsorption electrode may be used.

양전극(30, 42, 54)은 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 것으로, 전기도금 또는 촉매 제조용으로 사용되는 백금용액에 상기의 탄소전극을 일정시간 침지한 후, 건조시키고 100℃ 이상에서 가열 또는 진공 가열하여 담지를 완료할 수 있다. 백금용액으로는 Pt(NH3)6Cl4, Pt(NH3)4Cl4, K2PtCl4, H2PtCl6H2O 등을 사용할 수 있다.The positive electrodes 30, 42, and 54 are platinum supported on a carbon adsorption electrode. The positive electrode 30, 42, and 54 are dipped in a platinum solution used for electroplating or catalyst production for a predetermined time, and then dried and heated or vacuumed at 100 ° C. or higher. The heating can be completed by heating. Pt (NH 3 ) 6 Cl 4 , Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 4 , K 2 PtCl 4 , H 2 PtCl 6 H 2 O, etc. may be used as the platinum solution.

집전체(20, 32, 44)는 정류기(2)로부터 전압인가선(10, 12)을 통해 전극(22, 30, 34, 42, 46, 54)에 전류를 공급했을 때 전기장이 전극(22, 30, 34, 42, 46, 54) 표면에 균일하게 분포할 수 있도록 전도성이 우수한 것을 사용하며, 이러한 예로는 알루미늄, 니켈, 구리, 티타늄, 철, 스테인레스 스틸, 흑연 등을 사용할 수 있다.The current collectors 20, 32, and 44 have an electric field when the current is supplied from the rectifier 2 to the electrodes 22, 30, 34, 42, 46, and 54 through the voltage applying lines 10 and 12. , 30, 34, 42, 46, 54) It is used to have a good conductivity so as to be uniformly distributed on the surface, for example, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, iron, stainless steel, graphite and the like can be used.

양이온교환막(24, 36, 48) 및 음이온교환막(28, 40, 52)과 같은 이온교환막을 사용하는 주된 이유는 흡착전극에 흡착된 이온상을 떨어뜨리는 이온의 탈착과정, 즉 장치의 재생운전 과정에서 흡착전극에서 탈착된 이온이 반대편 흡착전극에 붙는 것을 방지하기 위함이다. 전기흡착식 수처리장치의 운전이 진행됨에 따라, 양극집전체와 접촉된 양극흡착전극 측에는 음이온의 흡착이 진행되어 음이온의 농도가 높아지게 되고, 음극집전체와 접촉된 음극흡착전극 측에는 양이온의 흡착이 진행되어 양이온의 농도가 높아지게 된다. 이 상태에서 재생을 위해 인가되는 전압을 반대로 걸어주게 되면, 각 흡착전극에 흡착되어 있던 이온들이 동시에 탈착되게 되고, 탈착된 고농도의 이온이 반대 전압을 띄고 있는 마주보고 있는 흡착전극 쪽으로 이동하게 된다. 마주보고 있는 흡착전극으로 이동된 이온은 장치의 정상운전시와 같이 흡착전극에 일시에 흡착되어 재생효율을 심각하게 떨어뜨리게 된다. 이때 이온교환막은 이동한 이온이 흡착전극에 흡착되는 것을 막아주는 장벽의 역할을 하게 됨에 따라, 탈착된 이온들이 유로를 따라 외부로 배출될 수 있게 된다.The main reason for using ion exchange membranes such as cation exchange membranes 24, 36, 48 and anion exchange membranes 28, 40, 52 is the desorption process of ions that drop the adsorbed ion phase on the adsorption electrode, i.e. This is to prevent the ions desorbed from the adsorption electrode on the opposite adsorption electrode. As the operation of the electrosorption type water treatment device proceeds, the adsorption of negative ions proceeds to the positive electrode adsorption electrode in contact with the positive electrode current collector, thereby increasing the concentration of negative ions, and the positive ion adsorption proceeds to the negative electrode adsorption electrode in contact with the negative electrode current collector. The concentration of cation becomes high. In this state, if the voltage applied for regeneration is reversed, the ions adsorbed on each adsorption electrode are desorbed at the same time, and the desorbed high concentration ions move toward the opposite adsorption electrode with the opposite voltage. The ions moved to the opposite adsorption electrodes are adsorbed to the adsorption electrodes at the same time as in the normal operation of the apparatus, thereby seriously reducing the regeneration efficiency. At this time, the ion exchange membrane serves as a barrier to prevent the transported ions are adsorbed on the adsorption electrode, the desorbed ions can be discharged to the outside along the flow path.

양이온교환막(24, 36, 48)의 경우 이온교환기로서 강산성인 설폰산 그룹 또는 약산성인 카르복실산 그룹을 사용하고, 음이온교환막(28, 40, 52)의 경우 주로 강염기성인 4차암모늄 그룹을 이온교환기로 사용한다. 상용 막의 예를 들면, NEOSEPTA(Tokuyama Co. Ltd., Japan), SELEMION(Asahi Glass Company, Japan) 등은 기본소재로 스티렌-디비닐벤젠의 공중합물 또는 스티렌-부타디엔의 공중합물을 사용한다.In the case of the cation exchange membranes 24, 36, and 48, a strong acid sulfonic acid group or a weakly acidic carboxylic acid group is used as the ion exchange group, and in the case of the anion exchange membranes 28, 40, and 52, the quaternary ammonium group, which is mainly strongly basic, is ionized. Use as an exchange. Examples of commercial membranes include NEOSEPTA (Tokuyama Co. Ltd., Japan), SELEMION (Asahi Glass Company, Japan) and the like, which use a copolymer of styrene-divinylbenzene or a copolymer of styrene-butadiene as a base material.

유로형성판(26, 38, 50)은 망사구조를 갖는데, 이러한 망사구조에 의해 유로형성판(26, 38, 50)의 내부에는 자체의 유로가 형성되어 처리대상수와 같은 유체가 흐를 수 있다. 유로형성판(26, 38, 50)으로는 예를 들어 망사구조를 갖는 망사천 등을 사용할 수 있다.The flow path forming plates 26, 38, and 50 have a mesh structure, and the flow paths 26, 38, and 50 have their own flow paths formed therein, such that fluids such as the number of objects to be treated can flow. . As the flow path forming plates 26, 38, 50, for example, a mesh cloth having a mesh structure can be used.

본 발명의 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 집전체(6, 14)를 직렬연결선(16)을 이용하여 직렬로 연결함으로써, 다단의 셀을 구성하는 것이 바람직하다. CDI 셀을 다단의 스택으로 구성할 때, 다수의 집전체 및 흡착전극이 도 1 및 도 2에서처럼 양극 및 음극으로 구분되어 교대로 배열된다.In the electrosorption water treatment apparatus of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, by connecting the current collector 6, 14 in series using a series connection line 16, it is preferable to configure a multi-stage cell. When the CDI cell is configured as a stack of multiple stages, a plurality of current collectors and adsorption electrodes are alternately arranged into anodes and cathodes as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

본 발명은 기존 전기흡착식 수처리장치에서 사용하는 흡착전극의 효율을 높이기 위한 구성을 제공하여 이온의 흡착효율을 향상시킴으로써, 현재 전세계적으로 개발 및 상용화가 전무한 해수담수용 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 적용이 가능하다.The present invention provides a configuration for increasing the efficiency of the adsorption electrode used in the existing electrosorption type water treatment device to improve the adsorption efficiency of ions, it is possible to apply to the seawater desalination electrosorption water treatment device that is currently developed and commercialized worldwide Do.

본 발명은 기존의 전기흡착식 담수화기술의 효율을 획기적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 기술로서, 현재 흡착전극의 흡착효율 한계로 인해 해수담수용 전기흡착법의 개발이 지연되고 있었던 실정에서 상용화 설비의 제작 및 운용에서 우위를 점유할 수 있다.The present invention is a technology that can significantly improve the efficiency of the existing electrosorption desalination technology, the development and operation of commercialization equipment in the current situation in which the development of seawater desalination electrosorption method has been delayed due to the limit of adsorption efficiency of the adsorption electrode. Can take advantage.

본 발명에 따른 전기흡착식 수처리장치는 기존의 대표적인 수처리장치인 역삼투막 방식을 대체할 수 있는 경쟁력을 갖춘 유일한 장치로서, 향후 물을 사용하는 가전제품, 순수처리, 폐수처리, 해수처리, 해수담수화, 염수담수화, 지표수담수화, 실험실과 공장의 수처리 등 수처리 분야의 전 영역에서 광범위하게 응용이 가능한 기술이다.
Electro-adsorption water treatment device according to the present invention is the only device with a competitive advantage to replace the conventional osmosis membrane method, a typical water treatment device, future home appliances using water, pure water treatment, wastewater treatment, seawater treatment, seawater desalination, brine It is widely applicable in all areas of water treatment such as desalination, surface desalination and water treatment in laboratories and factories.

2: 정류기
4: 배출관
6: 음극집전체
8: 반응기
10: 음전압인가선
12: 양전압인가선
14: 양극집전체
16: 직렬연결선
18: 유입관
20, 32, 44: 집전체
22, 30, 34, 42, 46, 54: 전극
24, 36, 48: 양이온교환막
26, 38, 50: 유로형성판
28, 40, 52: 음이온교환막2: rectifier
4: discharge pipe
6: negative electrode current collector
8: reactor
10: negative voltage
12: positive voltage
14: positive electrode current collector
16: serial cable
18: inlet pipe
20, 32, 44: house
22, 30, 34, 42, 46, 54: electrode
24, 36, 48: cation exchange membrane
26, 38, 50: flow path forming plate
28, 40, 52: anion exchange membrane

Claims (16)

탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극.
A positive electrode for an electrosorption water treatment device, characterized in that platinum is supported on a carbon adsorption electrode.
제1항에 있어서,
탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함하는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극.
The method of claim 1,
The carbon adsorption electrode is an electrode comprising activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a sheet of activated carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or an electroadsorbing electrode, characterized in that it is a conductive carbon adsorption electrode. Positive electrode for water treatment equipment.
백금용액에 탄소흡착전극을 침지한 후 건조시키고 가열하는 단계를 포함하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극의 제조방법.
A method of manufacturing a positive electrode for an electrosorption water treatment device, comprising the step of immersing a carbon adsorption electrode in a platinum solution, followed by drying and heating.
제3항에 있어서,
백금용액은 Pt(NH3)6Cl4, Pt(NH3)4Cl4, K2PtCl4 및 H2PtCl6H2O 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극의 제조방법.
The method of claim 3,
Platinum solution is at least one selected from Pt (NH 3 ) 6 Cl 4 , Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 4 , K 2 PtCl 4 and H 2 PtCl 6 H 2 O Manufacturing method.
제3항에 있어서,
탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함하는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 양전극의 제조방법.
The method of claim 3,
The carbon adsorption electrode is an electrode comprising activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a sheet of activated carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or an electroadsorbing electrode, characterized in that it is a conductive carbon adsorption electrode. Method of manufacturing a positive electrode for a water treatment device.
서로 마주보는 한 쌍의 집전체; 및
한 쌍의 집전체 사이에 설치되고, 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 셀.
A pair of current collectors facing each other; And
A cell for an electroadsorption type water treatment device, which is provided between a pair of current collectors, and has a pair of adsorption electrodes including a positive electrode carrying platinum on a carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode composed of a carbon adsorption electrode.
제6항에 있어서,
탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함하는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 셀.
The method of claim 6,
The carbon adsorption electrode is an electrode comprising activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a sheet of activated carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or an electroadsorbing electrode, characterized in that it is a conductive carbon adsorption electrode. Cell for water treatment device.
제6항에 있어서,
한 쌍의 흡착전극 사이에 양이온교환막, 유로형성판 및 음이온교환막을 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치용 셀.
The method of claim 6,
A cell for an electroadsorption water treatment device, further comprising a cation exchange membrane, a flow path forming plate, and an anion exchange membrane between the pair of adsorption electrodes.
처리대상수를 공급하는 유입관과 처리수를 배출하는 배출관을 구비하는 반응기;
반응기 내부에 설치되고 서로 마주보는 한 쌍의 집전체;
한 쌍의 집전체 사이에 설치되고, 탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극;
반응기에 직류전압을 공급하는 정류기; 및
정류기와 연결되어 집전체에 전압을 인가하는 전압인가선을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치.
A reactor having an inlet pipe for supplying the water to be treated and a discharge pipe for discharging the treated water;
A pair of current collectors installed inside the reactor and facing each other;
A pair of adsorption electrodes provided between the pair of current collectors and including a positive electrode carrying platinum on the carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode composed of the carbon adsorption electrodes;
A rectifier for supplying a DC voltage to the reactor; And
Electrosorption type water treatment device having a voltage application line connected to the rectifier for applying a voltage to the current collector.
제9항에 있어서,
탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함하는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치.
10. The method of claim 9,
The carbon adsorption electrode is an electrode comprising activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a sheet of activated carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or an electroadsorbing electrode, characterized in that it is a conductive carbon adsorption electrode. Water treatment device.
제9항에 있어서,
한 쌍의 흡착전극 사이에 양이온교환막, 유로형성판 및 음이온교환막을 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치.
10. The method of claim 9,
An electroadsorption water treatment apparatus further comprising a cation exchange membrane, a flow path forming plate and an anion exchange membrane between the pair of adsorption electrodes.
제9항에 있어서,
집전체가 직렬연결선으로 연결되어 다단의 셀을 구성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치.
10. The method of claim 9,
Electrochemical adsorption water treatment device characterized in that the current collector is connected by a series connection line to form a multi-stage cell.
탄소흡착전극에 백금을 담지한 양전극, 및 탄소흡착전극으로 이루어진 음전극을 포함하는 한 쌍의 흡착전극을 구비하는 전기흡착식 수처리장치에 처리대상수를 유입시켜 처리대상수 중 이온을 흡착시키는 단계를 포함하는 전기흡착식 수처리방법.
Adsorbing ions in the water to be treated by introducing the treated water into an electrosorption water treatment device having a pair of adsorption electrodes including a positive electrode having platinum supported on the carbon adsorption electrode, and a negative electrode made of a carbon adsorption electrode; Electrosorption water treatment method.
제13항에 있어서,
탄소흡착전극은 활성탄소와 고분자바인더를 포함하는 전극, 활성탄소섬유로 직조된 시트, 활성탄소섬유 부직포 시트, 활성탄분말을 시트상으로 성형한 전극, 또는 전도성 탄소흡착전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리방법.
The method of claim 13,
The carbon adsorption electrode is an electrode comprising activated carbon and a polymer binder, a sheet woven from activated carbon fibers, a sheet of activated carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, an electrode formed of activated carbon powder in a sheet form, or an electroadsorbing electrode, characterized in that it is a conductive carbon adsorption electrode. Water treatment method.
제13항에 있어서,
한 쌍의 흡착전극 사이에 양이온교환막, 유로형성판 및 음이온교환막을 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리방법.
The method of claim 13,
And a cation exchange membrane, a flow path forming plate, and an anion exchange membrane between the pair of adsorption electrodes.
제13항에 있어서,
처리대상수는 해수, 민물, 상수, 염수, 폐수, 하수 또는 지하수인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기흡착식 수처리방법.The method of claim 13,
The water to be treated is sea water, fresh water, water, brine, waste water, sewage or ground water.
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