KR20090103367A - Building integrated photovoltaic system with double skin facade - Google Patents

Abstract

Building integrated photovoltaic power generation system implemented with a double skin according to the present invention is constructed in the PV module is configured to construct a building envelope to produce electricity from solar energy, the building shell, the upper part of the building shell Outer window which is divided into three stages of middle part and bottom part, and the upper part and the lower part are composed of PV modules, while the stop part is composed of single glass, and the part including the upper part and the lower part is opened and closed in a forward tilt manner. ; An inner window configured to be opened and closed freely while being made of insulating glass; And a hollow layer formed integrally with the empty space as a space between the outer window and the inner window.

Description

Building integrated photovoltaic system with double skin facade}

The present invention relates to a building integrated photovoltaic power generation system that is completed to produce electricity from solar energy by installing a PV module integrally with the building envelope, and more particularly, the building envelope as an inner and outer window and a hollow layer therebetween. The present invention relates to a building-integrated photovoltaic power generation system, which is composed of a double skin, but is configured to be opened and closed by a forward tilt method while forming upper and lower ends of the outer window with PV modules.

Building Integrated Photovoltaic System (BIPV System) is one of the systems that use solar heat as an energy source. It is a system that installs PV modules on the building envelope to produce electricity from solar energy. Such integrated building photovoltaic power generation system can be subdivided into a stand-alone method, an attached method, and an integrated method according to the PV module installation method as shown in FIG. 1, and the PV module is located in the mid-latitude region as shown in FIG. 2. In this case, the solar energy gain is the most favorable when installed at an inclination angle of 30 ° toward the south, so the energy production efficiency is the best.

The stand-alone system is a system in which a PV module is installed in a separate structure that is distinct from the building envelope as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and thus, the PV module is installed regardless of the structure of the building envelope. It is pointed out that it is advantageous in terms of energy production efficiency because it can secure the direction and inclination angle, but it costs additional installation cost and gives a visually bad impression.

The proposed method to improve the standalone method is an attached method as in FIG. 1 (b). The attachment type is a system in which the PV module is installed in parallel to the building envelope separately from the building envelope, and the appearance of the building does not change significantly according to the installation of the PV module. There is a disadvantage. In addition, in the case of attaching the PV module to the outer wall of the building, the PV module will be installed vertically, especially in the south side, there is a problem that the energy production efficiency decreases due to the increase of the solar incidence angle. Because it is not made, the performance degradation due to the temperature rise of the PV module is concerned.

The proposed method to improve the attached method is an integrated method as in Fig. 1 (c). The integrated system adopts the PV module as the finishing material of the roof or exterior wall of the building, so that the PV module constitutes the building envelope. The appearance of the building does not change significantly depending on the installation of the PV module. There is an advantage in that the economy is excellent. However, since the integrated method is mainly applied as a method of installing PV modules in place of curtain walls in buildings closed with curtain walls, it is difficult to secure rational solar incidence of PV modules, and the energy production efficiency is still low. Considering the deterioration in performance due to the temperature rise, it is difficult to provide a PV module as an insulation structure, so it is difficult to apply to residential buildings that require insulation.

Accordingly, the present inventors came up with measures to solve the disadvantages while still using the advantages of the integrated method in the integrated building solar power system, and as a result, developed the integrated building solar power system implemented in conjunction with the double skin system. It came to the following.

The present invention was developed to improve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to enable a smooth back ventilation of the PV module as well as to secure a reasonable solar incidence angle, or even when a general open BIPV implemented in a single window is opened. It is possible to respond appropriately to the loss of window function that occurs, and furthermore, to provide a building integrated solar power generation system implemented in conjunction with a double skin system so that BIPV can be usefully applied to residential buildings where natural ventilation and insulation are important. There is a purpose.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a building integrated solar power generation system in which a PV module is constructed to construct a building envelope to produce electricity from solar energy, wherein the building envelope is provided at an upper end, a middle end, and a lower end. An outer window configured to be divided into three stages, wherein the upper end and the lower end are constituted by a PV module, and the interruption part is composed of a single glass, and the part including the upper end and the lower end is opened and closed in a forward tilt manner; An inner window configured to be opened and closed freely while being made of insulating glass; And, a hollow layer formed integrally with the empty space into the space between the outer window and the inner window.

According to the present invention, the following effects are expected.

First, in the integrated building integrated photovoltaic power generation system of the building type, the building envelope is composed of a double skin consisting of inner and outer windows and a hollow layer between them, and the upper and lower ends of the outer window are composed of PV modules, and can be opened and closed in a forward tilting manner. Since the window is opened, the angle of inclination of the PV module required for solar radiation can be secured naturally, and when the window is opened, the back side of the PV module is naturally exposed to the outside air, which enables smooth ventilation to the PV back surface. The increase can be suppressed, and as a result, it is possible to increase the energy production efficiency by photovoltaic power generation while improving the efficiency of the PV module without excessively increasing the construction cost.

Second, since the entire inner window is made of insulating glass while the PV module is composed of a part of the outer window, even if the outer window is open to secure the inclination angle of the PV module, the inner window made of insulating glass performs the function of the window and can exhibit sufficient insulation. As a result, it is possible to apply an integrated building integrated solar power generation system to residential buildings.

1 illustrates a conventional building integrated photovoltaic power generation system.

Figure 2 shows the solar heat collection efficiency according to the inclination angle.

Figure 3a to 5b shows a building integrated photovoltaic power generation system implemented as a double skin according to the present invention.

6 shows a PV module used in the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: outer window 20: inner window

10a, 20a: upper part 10c, 20c: lower part

10b: interruption

100: PV module 110: PV cell

120: single glass 130: double laminated glass

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention uses a photovoltaic power generation system that is completed to produce electricity from solar energy as a technical field, but the specific power generation method is omitted because it is unified with the power generation method of a conventional photovoltaic power generation system. That is, in the present invention, the structural configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system is omitted because it is the same as the conventional photovoltaic power generation system, and only the PV module installation method, which is a characteristic configuration of the present invention, will be described.

Figures 3a to 5b shows an integrated building solar system according to the present invention, as shown in the present invention the building shell in the building is implemented building integrated solar power generation system and the inner and outer windows (10) and The outer shell upper and lower ends 10a and 10c are composed of the PV module 100 while being composed of a double shell made of a hollow layer therebetween, while being configured to be opened and closed in a forward tilting manner. Here, the forward tilt opening and closing means that the opening and closing to have a + tilt relative to the vertical building envelope.

The outer window 10 corresponding to the outer shell of the double shell is divided into three stages of the upper end 10a, the middle end 10b, and the lower end 10c, wherein the upper end 10a and the lower end 10c are PV modules. While being composed of 100, the stop portion 10b is composed of a single glass, the portion including the upper end 10a and the lower end 10c is configured to open and close in a forward tilt (tilt) type. Here, the upper and lower PV modules 100 are configured to realize a photovoltaic power generation system, and the single glass of the stop 10b is configured for mining and preheating the hollow layer. Since only a single glass of the outer window stop portion (10b) can be secured with the view of the sky, in consideration of this to determine the size of the stop portion (10b). Particularly, since the outer window 10 is opened and closed in a forward tilting manner, a portion including the upper and lower ends 10c constituted by the PV module 100 is advantageous, the PV module 100 having an open angle as the opening angle of the outer window 10. It is possible to secure the inclination angle of the naturally, as a result it is possible to increase the efficiency of the PV module (100). In addition, since the rear of the PV module is exposed to the outside air by opening the outer window, a smooth rear ventilation is performed to the rear of the PV module. As a result, the temperature rise of the PV module is suppressed, thereby preventing the efficiency of the PV module from decreasing. On the other hand, the outer window 10 may be configured to open and close the whole as shown in Figure 3a or as shown in Figure 4a can be configured to be opened and closed separately distinguishing only the upper and lower end (10c) consisting of the PV module 100. In addition, the opening angle is preferably determined in consideration of the angle of incidence of the sun by latitude and at the same time considering the ventilation amount in the hollow layer. However, if the intention is to maximize the efficiency of the PV modules, the opening angle of 30 ° will be most advantageous, but if the safety is taken into consideration, an opening angle of 15 ~ 17 ° would be preferable.

The inner window 20 corresponding to the inner sheath of the double sheath is configured to be opened and closed freely while being made of insulating glass. As a result, the inner window 20 is made of insulating glass, so that the heat insulating property of the building can be secured, and the present invention can be advantageously applied to residential buildings. The inner window 20 may be opened and closed as one as shown in FIG. 3B, but the upper and lower ends 20a and 20c are divided into two stages of the upper end 20a and the lower end 20c as shown in FIG. 4B. It is also possible to configure to open and close separately. However, if the inner window 20 is divided into two stages, it is possible to induce natural ventilation while introducing the outdoor air in a pre-heated state to a room by changing the opening and closing method according to the season and climate. The present invention proposes to configure the inner window 20 to be opened and closed in a tilt and turn manner through the embodiment, but can also be opened and closed in other ways.

The hollow layer is formed as a space between the outer window 10 and the inner window 20 and is integrated into an empty space. When the outer window 10 is opened, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the PV module 100 because ventilation is performed while the outside air is introduced into the hollow layer. However, the hollow layer is preferably provided with a width of more than 15 cm, which is to effectively realize the effect of suppressing the temperature rise through the back ventilation of the PV module 100. In addition, the hollow layer in the present invention is a thermal buffering effect against the external climate. That is, in the hollow layer, the airflow is controlled according to the change in the amount of solar radiation and the external air condition. In other words, the air in the hollow layer will be warmed by the solar radiation through the single glass of the outer window stop 10b. In this case, when the outer window 10 is opened and the upper end 20a of the inner window is opened, Since the air flow is formed by the temperature difference between the hollow layer and the indoor air, the outdoor air flows in a circulated state in the hollow layer, thereby enabling natural ventilation while suppressing the direct inflow of outdoor air in winter. Of course, if it is not necessary to enter the circulation-controlled outside air, such as spring, autumn may open the lower end (20c) of the inner window together with the outer window 10 may be introduced directly into the room. On the other hand, it is preferable to install a blind close to the outer window 10 in the hollow layer, which is to effectively control the direct solar radiation through the interruption portion 10b of the outer window. The blind absorbs most of the solar radiation and then radiates into heat. Since the radiated heat can be emitted through the open outer window 10, the blind does not lead to a temperature rise of the PV module 100.

If the present invention completed in the configuration of the inner and outer windows and the hollow layer only from the perspective of the double skin system, its principle and function is Patent No. 10-0770969 (Front surface open type functional double skin structure for natural ventilation and its control system) )

3a and 3b is composed of a double skin of the inner window 20 is divided into two stages of the outer window 10 and the upper and lower ends (20a, 20c) that the building envelope is integrally opened and closed, The outer window 10 and the inner window 20 are provided in one integrated window system. 4A and 4B are divided into two stages of the outer window 10 and the upper and lower ends 20a and 20c to which the stop part 10b is fixed while the upper and lower ends 10a and 10c are opened and closed separately. Consists of a double skin of the inner window 20 to be opened and closed, the outer window 10 and the inner window 20 is provided in one window system. 5a and 5b is composed of a double skin of the inner window 20 is divided into two stages of the outer window 10 and the upper and lower ends (20a, 20c) is opened and closed as a whole integrally the building envelope. In addition, the outer window 10 and the inner window 20 is a form provided as a separate window and door system each separated.

When the upper and lower ends 10a and 10c of the outer window can be opened and closed separately as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the outer window 10 can be opened and closed as a whole (FIGS. 3A and 3B and 5A). 5b) can have a variety of opening and closing method is more advantageous, but in this case, the ventilation is smoothly made in the hollow layer on the back of the outer window 10 to distinguish the opening and closing separately to effectively suppress the temperature rise of the PV module The upper and lower ends 10a and 10c of the outer window should maximize their opening angles.

6 is an example of manufacturing a PV module 100 using glass as an example of the PV module 100 used in the present invention. Of course, the present invention can also adopt a panel-shaped PV module 100, the PV module 100 using the glass can be used in common with a single glass and one frame of the outer window stop (10b) to secure a beautiful aesthetic It is advantageous to Figure 6 (a) shows a PV module 100 is made so that the PV cell 110 is attached to the inner surface of the single glass 120, Figure 6 (b) shows a PV cell (between the double laminated glass 130) 110 shows the PV module 100 is made to be embedded. However, considering that the outer window 10 is continuously opened and closed so that the inner surface of the outer window 10 is exposed to the outside air, the PV cell embedded PV module 100 of FIG. 6 (b) will be more preferable.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the described embodiments, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be capable of various substitutions, additions and modifications without departing from the technical spirit described above. It is to be understood that such modified embodiments also fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims below.

Claims (8)

In the building integrated photovoltaic power generation system, which is completed to produce electricity from solar energy by constructing the PV module 100 to construct a building envelope, The building envelope, It is divided into three stages of the upper end 10a, the middle end 10b, and the lower end 10c. The upper end 10a and the lower end 10c are constituted by the PV module 100 while the stop 10b is single. Outer window 10 made of glass, the portion including the upper end (10a) and the lower end (10c) is configured to open and close in a forward tilt (tilt) manner; An inner window 20 configured to be opened and closed freely while being made of insulating glass; And, A hollow layer formed into a space between the outer window 10 and the inner window 20 and integrated into an empty space; Building integrated solar power system implemented with a double skin, characterized in that configured to include. In claim 1, The upper and lower ends 10a and 10c of the outer window are composed of the PV module 100 which is made to attach the PV cell 110 to the inner surface of the single glass 120 or the PV cell 110 between the double laminated glass 130. ) Integrated solar photovoltaic power generation system implemented as a double skin, characterized in that consisting of a PV module 100 to be embedded. The method of claim 1 or 2, The outer window 10 is a building integrated solar power system implemented as a double skin, characterized in that the whole is configured to be opened and closed in one tilt. The method of claim 1 or 2, The outer window 10 is a building integrated solar power generation system implemented as a double skin, characterized in that the upper portion (10a) and the lower portion (10c) is configured to open and close in a tilted manner, respectively. In claim 4, The outer window 10 is a building integrated solar power generation system implemented as a double skin, characterized in that the whole is configured to be opened and closed in a tilted manner. The method of claim 1 or 2, The hollow layer has a width of at least 15 cm, Tilt-type opening angle of the outer window 10 is a building integrated solar power generation system implemented by a double skin, characterized in that more than 15 °. The method of claim 1 or 2, The inner window 20 is integrated building solar power generation system, characterized in that it is configured to be opened and closed in the front integral type or divided into two stages of the upper end (20a) and the lower end (20c). The method of claim 1 or 2, The hollow layer is a building integrated solar power generation system implemented as a double skin, characterized in that the blind is installed close to the outer window (10).