KR20080099824A - Method and apparatus for dyeing fiber substrates - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of dyeing a fiber substrate, in particular a method of dyeing the fiber substrate with a reactive dye, by contacting the fiber substrate with a dyeing solution containing at least one dye and rinsing the dyed fiber substrate after a predetermined dyeing time has elapsed. To start. At least one dye remaining in the dyeing solution without coloring the fibrous substrate is destroyed by chemical and / or physical treatment, such that the dyeing solution is sufficiently decolorized to allow the fiber substrate to be rinsed with this sufficiently decolorized solution. Let's do it. An apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention comprises a vessel containing a fibrous substrate to be dyed, and a circulation system for circulating the dyeing liquid, wherein a reactor through which the dyeing liquid flows is installed in the vessel and / or the circulation system. In the reactor, chemical and / or physical treatment for decolorizing the dyeing solution is performed.

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DYEING A TEXTILE SUBSTRATE}

The present invention relates to a method of dyeing a textile substrate having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method having the features of the preamble of claim 3.

In dyeing a fibrous substrate, in particular, in dyeing the fibrous substrate using a reactive dye as a dye, the dyed fiber is brought into contact with the dye substrate containing the dye or dyes and after a predetermined coloring time has elapsed. It is known to rinse the substrate.

Depending on the individually selected methods and equipment available in different cases, all of these differences exist between pad roll dyeing, pad steam dyeing, and absorption dyeing. The method commonly requires a rinsing process to remove non-fixed dyes from the dyed fibrous substrate after the actual dyeing process has been completed.

The above rinsing process required by the conventional dyeing process, that is also called a soaping process in the field of reactive dyeing, is basically a multiply repeated dilution requiring a considerable amount of water. process). In one example, the absorption dyeing of the strands of the fibrous web may use a solution ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 6, i.e. a solution ratio that requires about 4 liters to 6 liters of water per kilogram of fiber substrate to be dyed. The rinse process requires a total solution ratio that can vary between 1:80 and 1: 200, which is derived from the fact that the rinse process should be repeated several times, for example four to eight times. In other words, as a whole, such a rinsing process is on the one hand a very time intensive treatment step and on the other hand a very water intensive treatment step.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method in a particular way so that dyeing of the fibrous substrate, in particular dyeing of the fibrous substrate with reactive dyes, can be constructed particularly economically.

The object of the invention is achieved by a method having the features of the features of claim 1 of the claims.

In the method of the present invention for dyeing a fiber substrate, in particular the method for dyeing a fiber substrate with a reactive dye, the fiber substrate is contacted with a dyeing solution containing at least one dye; The dyed fibrous substrate is rinsed after a predetermined dyeing time, usually the time at which the fibrous substrate is subjected to treatment at elevated temperatures. In the method of the present invention, unlike the known dyeing method described above, at least one dye remaining in the dyeing solution without coloring on the fibrous substrate at the end of dyeing is destroyed by chemical and / or physical treatment ( Or destroy, so that the dye is sufficiently decolored due to the destruction, and is destroyed to the extent that the fiber substrate can be rinsed with the original dye so decolored.

In particular, the meaning of applying the method of the present invention to an absorption dyeing method in this case is to treat the dyeing solution chemically and / or physically without discharging the solution into the channel at the end of dyeing by the absorption dyeing method. The treatment means that the original colored solution is sufficiently decolorized and then treated in such a way that it can be used to rinse the dyed fibrous substrate. This decolorization process can then be removed without leaving any uncolored dye still present on the fibrous substrate so that only one solution can be taken for dyeing and rinsing as the most preferred case of the process of the present invention as a whole. Until it is repeated frequently or frequently enough, either continuously or batchwise. As a result, using the method of the present invention, at a solution ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 6, which is a ratio of 4 to 6 liters of water is required for dyeing and rinsing 1 Kg of the fibrous base material as compared to the common technique described above, It is possible to dye and also rinse fiber substrates, in particular fiber substrates to be dyed with reactive dyes.

However, when the fiber base material is dyed by the pad roll dyeing method or the pad steam dyeing method, in the method of the present invention, it is necessary to initially add a dyeing solution to the fiber base material depending on the degree of compression. In this case, approximately 600 grams to 900 grams of dye solution are needed per kilogram of fiber substrate. After a predetermined roll time (retention time) or steaming time has elapsed, the thus dyed fiber substrate is preferably rinsed at a solution ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 6, which is the most In the preferred case, only the first rinse solution will contain the dye remaining in the rinse solution without coloring the fibrous substrate, and then the dye will be destroyed by chemical and / or physical treatment, but due to the destruction the dyeing solution will be It is decolorized and broken to such an extent that it is possible to rinse the fiber substrate again with this sufficiently decolorized solution. This destruction of the dye and then an updated rinse with decolorized rinse solution can be repeated as many times as necessary. As a result, this variant of the invention is considerably more specific with regard to the water consumption during rinsing compared to the conventional pad roll dyeing method or the conventional pad steam dyeing method, especially since a solution ratio of 1: 4.6 to 1: 6.9 can be used in the present invention. desirable.

In addition to the advantages described above, the method of the present invention also has other advantages. It is noted first that, in the method of the present invention, since the water requirement is considerably reduced compared to the conventional method, the water consumption is also significantly reduced accordingly, which obviously reduces environmental pollution and is considerably more preferable in terms of cost structure. It is clear. In the most preferred case of the method of the present invention, since only one rinsing tank is used, one such rinsing tank needs to be heated only once, whereas in the prior art in which four to eight rinsing tanks are used, these rinsing tanks are used at room temperature. Should be heated repeatedly to 80 ° C. In particular, since the method of the present invention performs solution exchange during rinsing (soaping), the method of the present invention enables significant time savings, and accordingly the method of the present invention allows substrates to be dyed per predetermined unit time. The throughput of is significantly increased. This in turn leads to a significant reduction in the number of workers, which in turn has a positive effect on the economic practicality of the method of the invention. Surprisingly to the experts, the fibrous substrates dyed and particularly rinsed by the process of the present invention have a color fixability, preferably wet as well as water and sweat anchorages which are different from the fibrous substrates dyed by conventional methods. It was confirmed to have color fixation in relation to friction fixation, dry friction fixation, and laundry fixation.

In a first embodiment of the method of the invention, after a predetermined dyeing time has elapsed, the fibrous substrate is removed from the dyeing solution and thus removed from the apparatus used for dyeing and sent to another apparatus for rinsing. In another such apparatus, dyes attached to the fibrous substrate but not colored are initially sent to the rinse solution, and the rinse solution containing the non-colored dye is subjected to chemical and / or physical treatment, whereby the rinse solution is treated. After it is sufficiently decolorized it can be used in another rinse if necessary. Another such embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the rinsing process is carried out in another apparatus having a technically less complicated structure compared to the actual dyeing apparatus and thus the working process can be carried out in a particularly cost-saving manner.

In another particularly suitable embodiment of the process of the invention, at least one dye remaining in the dyeing solution or rinse without being colored on the fibrous substrate is destroyed by chemical treatment, wherein the chemical treatment is in particular an oxidative treatment. It is characterized by that.

Basically, such chemical treatment, and preferably oxidative treatment, can be used with all chemicals that destroy the dye to the extent that the colorless de-gradation product is the result, for this purpose hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid (peracetic acid). ) Or sodium hypochlorite is preferably used.

By the way, in the method of the present invention, it is particularly appropriate that the oxidative treatment as described above with respect to the dyeing solution at the end of actual dyeing is performed entirely with only the treatment with ozone or only with the treatment with ozone. It has been found in that ozone destroys many different dyes and groups of dyes in the shortest time, i.e. from seconds to minutes, with very little or no substantivity to the fiber substrate. To the extent that so-called colorless dye degradation products are destroyed to the extent that they can be obtained.

Basically, in the method of the present invention, at the end of actual dyeing, the dyeing solution is single, such that uncolored dye still in the dyeing solution and still on the surface of the fibrous substrate is decolorized by chemical and / or physical treatment. It can be handled within the tank. By the way, the dye solution is separated from the dyed fibrous substrate and then chemically and / or physically treated, whereby the dye solution is preferably sent to the actual dyeing device via a bypass, where the dye solution is used. Particularly suitable when the process of the invention is modified such that the dye contained therein is converted by an appropriate chemical and / or physical treatment to such an extent that a colorless degradation product of the dye can be formed by the treatment. Thus, the dyeing solution is decolorized, and thus the decoloring dyeing solution can be used again as a colorless rinse in rinsing the non-colored dye from the dyed fiber substrate. The dye rinsing solution thus collected is treated for the original dyeing solution as previously described, so that the treated dyeing solution after chemical and / or physical treatment can be used again as a colorless rinse for further rinsing.

In the interest of clarity, the term "and / or" as used herein means that all of the elements listed therein may be viewed as adding or selecting all of the elements listed therein. In this case, it means that at least two of the listed elements are combined with each other, while the term "singular" used in the singular is basically not only covering one dye but also covering a mixture of different dyes. shall.

Physical treatment within the scope of the present application should be understood as any treatment that is suitable to destroy the dye to the extent that it results in the formation of colorless degradation products. Thus, the solution so decolorized can be used for the actual rinsing process.

Particularly suitable are physical treatments by irradiating the colored solution to be treated with UV light or by applying an electro-chemical process using special diamond coated electrodes, also known as CVD electrodes, in the technical field.

As already explained above, in the preferred case in the method of the present invention, the dyed fiber substrate is rinsed only with the discolored solution at the end of the dyeing, but the dyeing solution is drained at the end of the dyeing, which preferably includes the absorption dyeing method. And replaced with a discontinued rinse, which, after contact with the dyed fibrous substrate, is chemically and / or physically treated to destroy the uncolored dyes contained in the rinse, but without colorless degradation products and colorless solutions. Receiving treatment to such an extent that it can be produced cannot be excluded from the method of the present invention. Such an optional embodiment of the process of the present invention is such a case that the cost for decolorization by chemical and / or physical treatment is too high so that the residual dye concentration in the dyeing solution is so high that simple exchange of the solution is more desirable from an economic point of view. It can also be used.

However, as a modified embodiment of the present invention, in the first step, the fiber substrate is rinsed with a bleached dyeing solution; Then in a second step, the rinse liquid containing the non-colored dye is separated; In a third step, destroying the non-colored dye in the rinse solution but destroying the rinse solution sufficiently to discolor; In the fourth step, it is also particularly suitable and economically desirable to rinse the fibrous substrate with the sufficiently decolored rinse solution.

In another alternative embodiment of the process of the invention, depending on which dye and which color intensity are dyed with which dye, the first to fourth steps are repeated a number of times, in particular 2 to 15 times. do.

As already shown to be advantageous earlier, in one embodiment of the process of the invention, the treatment with ozone is carried out as a chemical treatment of the dyeing solution and / or a chemical treatment of the rinsing liquid, wherein the treatment with ozone is characterized by short ozone. It has a decisive advantage in that it decomposes again in time, ie in seconds. In order to reduce not only safety costs but also control and adjustment costs in the process of the present invention, the treatment with ozone is carried out in a reactor installed in each dyeing apparatus or rinsing apparatus, in which case the dyeing solution to be decolorized and / or the rinsing liquid to be decolorized is It flows continuously through the reactor. In other words, in this embodiment of the method of the present invention, the dyed fibrous substrate is separated from the ozone treatment stage of the dyeing solution and / or the ozone treatment stage of the rinse solution, and thus ozone is applied to the dye already colored on the fibrous substrate. It is guaranteed not to.

In another particularly preferred embodiment of the process of the invention described above, the redox potential measurement of the ozonated solution is carried out in order to prevent the bleaching solution (dye or rinse solution) containing residual ozone from coming into contact with the dyed fibrous substrate. It has been found to be particularly advantageous to carry out the ozone measurement, and / or the pH value measurement at the outlet of the reactor. If each of the corresponding measurements indicates the presence of residual ozone in the corresponding treatment solution, the residual ozone can be removed from the solution by a short temperature increase, which is achieved by installing another bypass in the device. As can be achieved, the residual ozone containing solution is triggered via a corresponding valve device.

In addition to the examples described above or as another possible example, the method of the present invention provides that the amount of ozone supplied into the reactor is adjusted according to the measured redox potential, measured ozone concentration, and / or measured pH value. If it is determined that there is residual ozone in the decolorizing solution, it is operated in such a way that the amount of ozone supplied into the reactor can be reduced accordingly.

Basically, the process of the invention can be used in any dyeing method, in particular the pad roll dyeing method or the pad steam dyeing method as outlined at the outset. In this case, after coloring with the application of the dye, the dyed fiber substrate is generally rinsed continuously or discontinuously in a suitable apparatus, and in this variant of the method of the invention, the rinse solution is then contained in the rinse solution. In order to destroy the dye, but to the extent that the rinse can be sufficiently discolored, it is subjected to the chemical and / or physical treatments described above. The process of the present invention can also be applied to dyeings performed in jiggers in the usual high temperature range. However, the method of the present invention is particularly suitable when used in an absorption dyeing method, since in the case of this absorption dyeing method, a dye solution which can be physically and / or chemically treated for bleaching as described above can be used. to be. Similarly, in the dyeing to which the method of the present invention is applied, there is no restriction on the form of preparing the fiber base material (manufacturing of the fiber base material) before dyeing. The method of the present invention can also be used for yarn dyeing or cross-wound bobbin or strand dyeing, and also the fiber substrate as a textile fabric and preferably as a continuous web strand. It is also suitable for dyeing by the method of the present invention, since the water savings as described above have been found particularly clearly.

The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method of the invention as described above, in which the method of the invention can be carried out particularly economically.

The apparatus of the present invention for carrying out the method of the present invention includes, in particular, a container (housing) containing a fibrous substrate to be dyed, and a circulation system for circulating a dyeing liquid, wherein the reactor is passed through a dyeing liquid. And / or in the circulation system. In the reactor, chemical and / or physical treatments are performed to decolor the dye solution (the dye solution at the end of the dyeing process and / or the rinsing process).

The apparatus of the present invention has all of the advantages already described above in connection with the method of the present invention. In particular, the apparatus of the present invention allows for the reasonable use of the fiber substrate to be dyed by absorption dyeing, which is carried out on the dyed fiber substrate by carrying out the actual physical and / or chemical treatment to decolorize the dyeing liquid in a separate reactor. Disorders and particularly undesirable damages can be avoided.

Likewise, it can be configured as an embodiment of the present invention that the vessel for containing the fibrous substrate to be dyed forms a reactor for carrying out chemical and / or physical processing. In other words, in such an embodiment, the actual reactor is formed by the dyeing vessel itself or by another separately installed device as described above in connection with the method of the present invention, the reactor being dyed but not yet rinsed. Unfinished fiber substrates are sent for rinsing, whereby chemical and / or physical treatments are performed following dyeing in the dyeing vessel itself or in another device.

A particularly suitable and space-saving embodiment of the device of the present invention is proposed. In this embodiment, a first piping system for dyeing liquid is provided at the bottom of a container where actual dyeing and rinsing is performed, and the first piping system is provided. Connects the reactor to the bottom of the vessel via a first valve and a solution pump, the reactor being connected by a second piping system and a second valve to supply a sufficiently decolored dye or rinse solution after treatment. Connected to the container. In general, the bottom of the vessel is connected to the reactor via a valve and a solution pump, and the reactor itself is again connected to the vessel via a valve, thus realizing for chemical and / or physical decolorization of the dyeing solution. The treatment step of is carried out in a reactor connected as a bypass. At the end of the actual dyeing, each dyeing solution is fed to the reactor by a solution pump and a properly opened first valve, in which the chemical and / or physical treatment of the dyeing solution to destroy and decolorize the dye is carried out. The decolorized solution is then sent back to the vessel via the second valve so that the actual rinsing process can be started.

In order to ensure that the required constant temperature is ensured in the variants as described above of the inventive device, and also if desired, removing unwanted residual ozone and / or other oxidants from the decolorized solution flowing back into the vessel. In yet another embodiment of the inventive arrangement, a heat exchanger is provided in the second piping system.

Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, at least one sensor for detecting redox potential, on-zone concentration, and / or pH value is provided in the second piping system, thus being particularly preferred with undesirable residual oxidant. Unremained ozone is detected at one time by the at least one sensor before contacting the dyed fibrous substrate with a solution containing the residual oxidant and residual ozone which may cause a defect. In order to eliminate such sources of defects, the at least one sensor is positioned in front of the second valve when viewed in the direction of flow of the solution, the second valve being capable of detecting undesirable residual concentrations of oxidant and especially ozone. In which each solution flow is sent to the heat exchanger via, for example, a second valve to dissipate such undesirable residues, and then only the solution free of such residues is sent to the vessel. desirable.

In an embodiment of the device of the present invention which destroys the non-colored dye from the dyeing or rinsing solution by ozone treatment to such an extent that a colorless component can be formed, an ozone generating device such as substantially known in the prior art is employed in the reactor. Can be installed on Naturally, however, it is also possible to apply ozone to the reactor by providing a suitable ozone storage tank. This variant is particularly preferred when the dyeing solution contains a high concentration of uncolored dye at the end of the actual dyeing process. According to this variant, the remaining uncolored dye as described above is destroyed by ozone treatment but is colorless. Increased amount of ozone is used to destroy to the extent that it can form.

For safety reasons, as another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, a third piping system is installed in the reactor, and the third piping system includes a residual ozone annihilator and a third air space in the reactor. It is proposed to connect the exhaust fan via a valve. In this case, it is particularly preferable to provide a sensor for detecting ozone concentration in the exhaust air so as to selectively generate an audible or visible signal corresponding to the detection before the ozone-rich exhaust air enters the atmosphere.

In another embodiment of the device of the present invention, provided to enable the use of a sufficient amount of ozone for the treatment of dyeing or rinsing solutions, the ozone generator is connected to an oxygen-rich air source, whereby the actual ozone generation is immediately available. Before it happens especially quickly.

As already described above, the apparatus of the present invention is particularly used for dyeing methods using an absorption dyeing process, in which case the apparatus of the present invention is suitably configured corresponding to the configuration of the product to be dyed.

Thus, in a first possible configuration, a container for accommodating the fibrous substrate to be dyed comprises a storage system installed at the bottom, on which a deflection device for the web strand is provided. In addition, the deflection device for the web strand comprises a driven mandrel and / or nozzle channel, whereby the web strand is transported and folded continuously during dyeing and during rinsing.

A second possible configuration that can be used specifically for dyeing the web in a wide, bonded state is to provide a cylindrical container with a dye beam (perforated beam) for receiving the web roll.

A third possible configuration is to further improve the device of the present invention, wherein the container comprises at least one bobbin, in particular at least one holder for receiving at least one cross-wound bobbin. According to this, the device of the invention in such a variant is correspondingly adapted for dyeing bobbins.

In the method of the present invention or in the treatment of the fiber substrate to be dyed in the apparatus of the present invention, in order to prevent undesirable disturbance of the process sequence, the dye solution flows through the actual dyeing process and decolorized dyeing at the end of dyeing. In the solution circulation system through which the liquid or decolorizing rinsing liquid flows, a solution circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a color trough (dye supply tank), and / or a lint catcher (fiber scrap collector) are provided. Is installed.

Further preferred improvements of the method and apparatus of the present invention are specified in the dependent claims of the claims.

The method and apparatus of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to one exemplary embodiment of the device of the present invention. In this case, Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

An embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, which is generally designated by reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1, first comprises a conventional dyeing installation 10 equipped with a container 12 for receiving a web strand 13 to be dyed. During dyeing and rinsing, the web strand 13 is continuously conveyed through the vessel 12, in which the mandrel 14 is used to convey the web strand 13.

A solution circulation system 16 is installed at the bottom of the vessel 12, in which case each treatment liquid is transferred from the vessel 12 by means of a solution circulation pump 17 and a heat exchanger 18. After passing through 16) and heated, it is supplied to the container 12 again. During processing, the web strand 13 is conveyed by the mandrel 14 at a predetermined speed in the direction of the arrow 19a, which may generally vary between 200 m / min and 800 m / min. In addition, the solution circulation system 16 is provided with a lint collector and a pigment pail, not shown.

The reactor 6 is provided in a bypass to the dyeing plant 10, in which the actual chemical and / or physical treatment of the dyeing or rinsing liquid is carried out, in which the non-colored dye is ozone. Chemical treatment by which the dye is destroyed to such an extent that a colorless component can be generated. The reactor 6 is connected to an ozone generator 2 via a conduit 3, to which the oxygen-rich air is supplied via a conduit 1. In addition, the input side of the reactor 6 is connected to the bottom 15 of the vessel 12 via a first piping system 19, in which the flow of solution from the vessel 12 to the reactor 6. When viewed from the direction, the valve 20, the solution pump 4, and the heat exchanger 5 are provided.

The reactor 6 is also connected to the bottom 15 of the vessel 12 via the sensor 7 and the second valve 22 when viewed in the flow direction of the solution by the second piping system 21 as well. Connected.

Finally, a third piping system 23 opens from the reactor 6 to the exhaust fan 9, wherein the third piping system disposes the air space provided in the reactor 6 into a residual ozone depleting device. It is connected to the exhaust fan 9 via an annihilator 8, and the exhaust fan 9 is open to the atmosphere.

The inventive device shown in FIG. 1 operates as follows.

First, a dye web 10 is provided with a fibrous web strand 13, for which purpose the web strand 13 is configured as a continuous web strand and placed in the container 12. The bottom of the vessel is then filled with a dyeing solution, at which time the dyeing solution is continuously pumped around by the solution circulation system 16 during the actual dyeing, and the web strands 13 are transported continuously. Such a dyeing facility 10 and its operation method have existed in the prior art for a long time.

After dyeing in the dyeing facility 10 is completed, the dyeing liquid in the container 12 is opened by the valve 20 to the heat exchanger 5 and the first piping system 19 by the solution pump 4. The dyeing liquid in the reactor, which is subsequently pumped through to the reactor 6 and still contains residual dye which has not been absorbed and colored, is treated with ozone in the reactor 6. In this case, the ozone is continuously generated from the oxygen rich air supplied via the conduit 1 by the ozone generator 2 and added to the reactor through the conduit 3 in a predetermined amount. On the other hand, when it is necessary to detect the ozone remaining here, the valves 20 and 22 provided in the piping systems 19 and 21 opened during the processing are automatically closed. At the same time the power of the pump 4 is turned off and the processing in the reactor is therefore momentarily interrupted.

The dye solution decolorized by the ozone treatment in this way is sent to the bottom 15 of the container via the second piping system 21 and the open valve 22 to continue at a predetermined speed in the direction of the arrow 19a. It will rinse the dyed web strand 13 coming in.

After a predetermined time period, which depends on the substrate to be dyed, the selected dye, the color intensity, the solution ratio, and / or the load of the container 12 and also the conveying speed, the rinsing process is terminated and residuals present in the system Ozone, in particular residual ozone in the reactor, is destroyed by the residual ozone decay device 8, so that ozone-free exhaust can be removed from the system via an exhaust fan 9.

The vessel 12 is then vented, dyed and completely rinsed web strands are removed from the vessel 12, so that the dyeing and rinsing process described above is performed at a total solution ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 6 in total. Can be executed.

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus of the present invention.

** Description of symbols for the main parts of the drawing **

1, 2, 3: ozone generator

4: solution pump

5: heat exchanger

6: reactor

8: residual ozone annihilator

10: dyeing equipment

12: container

13: web strand

16: solution circulation system

17: solution circulation pump

18: heat exchanger

Claims (25)

A method of dyeing a fiber substrate, in particular a method of dyeing the fiber substrate with a reactive dye, by contacting the fiber substrate with a dyeing solution containing at least one dye and rinsing the dyed fiber substrate after a predetermined dyeing time has elapsed. In At least one dye remaining in the dyeing solution without coloring the fiber substrate is destroyed by chemical and / or physical treatment, and the destruction causes the dyeing solution to be sufficiently decolorized, so that the fiber substrate can be rinsed with this sufficiently decolorized dyeing solution. A method of dyeing a fibrous substrate, characterized in that it breaks to the extent possible. The fibrous substrate according to claim 1, wherein after the predetermined dyeing time has elapsed, the fibrous substrate is removed from the dyeing solution and sent to the rinsing device, and the rinse solution containing the non-colored dye is chemically and / or physically treated. How to dye it. The method for dyeing a fibrous substrate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one dye remaining in the dyeing solution or the rinse without being colored on the fibrous substrate is destroyed by chemical treatment. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an oxidative treatment is carried out as said chemical treatment. The method of dyeing a fibrous substrate according to claim 4, wherein the treatment with ozone is performed as the oxidative treatment. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the dye liquor is separated from the dyed fiber matrix and then subjected to chemical and / or physical treatment. 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the fiber substrate is rinsed only with bleached solution. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein in the first step, the fiber substrate is rinsed with a bleached dyeing solution; Then in a second step, the rinse liquid containing the non-colored dye is separated; In a third step, destroying the non-colored dye in the rinse solution but destroying the rinse solution sufficiently to discolor; In a fourth step, the fiber substrate is rinsed with the sufficiently decolored rinse solution. 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein said first to fourth steps are repeated a plurality of times, in particular 2 to 15 times. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment with ozone is carried out as a chemical treatment of the dyeing liquid and / or the rinsing liquid; A process for dyeing a fibrous substrate, characterized in that the treatment with ozone is carried out in a reactor located in each dyeing apparatus in which the dyeing liquid and / or the rinse liquid flows continuously. A method according to claim 10, wherein redox potential measurement, ozone measurement, and / or pH measurement for the ozone treated solution are carried out at the outlet of the reactor. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the amount of ozone fed into the reactor is controlled in accordance with the measured redox potential, the measured ozone concentration, and / or the measured pH value. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a fabric is dyed as said fiber substrate. An apparatus for carrying out a method of dyeing a fiber substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a container containing a fiber substrate to be dyed, and a circulation system for circulating the dyeing liquid. A reactor (6) through which dyeing liquid flows is installed in the vessel (12) and / or the circulation system (16); In the reactor (6), an apparatus for carrying out a fiber base dyeing method, characterized in that chemical and / or physical treatment for decolorizing the dyeing liquid is performed. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the vessel (12) containing the fiber substrate to be dyed forms a reactor to perform the chemical and / or physical treatment. The dyeing liquid first piping system 19 is installed in the bottom part 15 of the container 12, and the first piping system connects the reactor 6 to the first valve 20 and The reactor 6 is connected to the second piping system 21 and the second valve in order to connect to the bottom 15 of the vessel 12 via a solution pump 4 and to supply sufficiently decolorized dye after treatment. (22) an apparatus for carrying out a fiber base dyeing method, characterized in that connected to said container (12). 17. A device according to claim 16, characterized in that a heat exchanger (18) is provided in said second piping system (21). 18. The at least one sensor (7) according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the second piping system (21) is provided with at least one sensor (7) for detecting redox potential, ozone concentration and / or pH value. 7) is a device for carrying out a fiber substrate dyeing method, characterized in that it is located in front of the second valve (22) when viewed in the flow direction of the solution. 19. An apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein an ozone generator (1, 2, 3) for generating ozone is installed in said reactor (6). 20. The reactor of claim 19, wherein a third piping system (23) is installed in said reactor (6), said third piping system residing in an air space within said reactor (6) with a residual ozone annihilator (8) and Apparatus for carrying out the fiber substrate dyeing method, characterized in that connected to the exhaust fan (9) via a third valve. 21. An apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, wherein said ozone generator (1, 2, 3) is connected to an oxygen rich air source. 22. The container (12) according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the container (12) for containing the fiber substrate (13) to be dyed comprises a storage system installed in the bottom (15), and the container (12) Above is provided with a deflection device 14 for the web strand 13, wherein the deflection device 14 for the web strand comprises a driven mandrel and / or a nozzle channel. Device. 22. An apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein said container comprises a dye beam for receiving web strands. 22. The container according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the container comprises at least one bobbin, in particular at least one holder for receiving at least one cross-wound bobbin. Apparatus for performing a fiber base dyeing method, characterized in that. 22. The solution circulation system 16 according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the solution circulation system 16 includes a solution circulation pump 17, a heat exchanger 18, a lint catcher, and / or a color bucket. trough) is an apparatus for performing a fiber base dyeing method, characterized in that provided.

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