KR20080002874U - Refrigerant Cooling System for Power Equipments with Tubular Heat Exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

        The present invention is based on the principle that the refrigerant evaporates at a low temperature at a pressure of 1 atm or less and the fact that a lot of heat is generated in the power equipment, cooling is required to prevent insulator deterioration, and the refrigerant can be vaporized by heat generated from the power equipment. Focusing on the refrigerant, the refrigerant heat-exchanges with the power facility and vaporizes it, cooling the power facility with vaporization heat, condensing the vaporized refrigerant above the heat-exchange position and dropping it into gravity to heat-exchange with the power facility. It relates to a power equipment cooling apparatus using the refrigerant vaporization heat to.

The present inventor has proposed the power equipment cooling apparatus using the refrigerant vaporization heat to the application number 20-2006-0024315. The present invention differs in that the heat exchanger 61 is changed into a pipe form that is easy to process and the refrigerant circuit is changed into a simple structure in the cooling device proposed in the above invention. That is, the cooling device according to the present invention has a simple structure because it takes the form of exchanging heat by contacting the heat exchanger 61 of the power equipment and the pipe type. The cooling apparatus according to the present invention vaporizes the refrigerant by waste heat of the power equipment to be cooled and condenses the gas refrigerant introduced into the condenser 62 by the pressure difference of the vaporized gas state refrigerant to discharge the waste heat to the outside. Cooling, and the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 62 is fed back to the heat exchanger 61 by gravity to obtain the advantage of not using the refrigerant circulation facility to prevent equipment failure and significantly reduce energy use.

Refrigerant, Power Equipment, Transformer, Reactor, GIS, Cable, Condenser, Refrigerant Container, Heat Exchanger

Description

The cooler using refrigerant with the pipe type heat exchanger for the electricity facility.

    1 is an explanatory view of a multiple bend tube heat exchanger.

    2 is an explanatory view of a parallel pipe heat exchanger.

    3 is an explanatory view of the upper header tube heat exchanger.

    4 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid type heat exchanger.

    5 is an explanatory view of a heat exchanger pipe and a heat collecting plate.

    6 is an explanatory view of a power equipment refrigerant cooling device to which the tubular heat exchanger of the present invention is applied.

    7 is a view illustrating a case in which a refrigerant cylinder is added to a refrigerant cooling device.

    8 is a diagram illustrating a case where a compressor is added to a refrigerant cooling device.

    9 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a refrigerant cooling device via a refrigerant container.

    10 is a diagram illustrating a case where a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an outer surface of a power facility.

    11 is a diagram illustrating a case where a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an inner surface of a power facility.

    12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a case in which a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an inner surface of a double enclosure power facility.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

11: multiple bend tube heat exchanger 12: refrigerant inlet

13: refrigerant outlet 21: parallel piping type heat exchanger

22: upper header 23: lower header

24: heat exchanger tube 31: upper header tube type heat exchanger

41: solenoid type heat exchanger 51: heat collecting plate

61 heat exchanger 62 condenser

63: condenser upper connection 64: condenser lower connection

71: refrigerant cylinder 72: refrigerant cylinder connecting portion

73: connecting portion of the lower refrigerant passage 74: refrigerant inlet

75: valve 76: one-way valve

81: compressor 82: check valve

91: upper gas pipe connection 92: lower gas pipe connection

101: outer surface of power equipment 121: double enclosure

When power equipment is used, heat is generated by magnetic flux or current flow. Insulation oil or gas is built into the power equipment to transfer this heat to the outside. If this heat is not removed properly, it can degrade the insulation of the windings, limiting the power plant capacity, reducing lifespan, and even causing power plant failure. Therefore, it is very important to remove the heat applied to the power equipment. Until now, methods such as air cooling, air cooling, oil feeding air cooling and water cooling have become common. In particular, it is necessary to transfer the heat of the power plant body to a good place for processing, but the conventional method has a disadvantage of causing a lot of operating costs. Recently, the present inventors have proposed a number of designs and inventions regarding a transformer cooling apparatus using a refrigeration cycle.

 In the present invention, a method of cooling the heat applied to the electric power facility by using refrigerant vaporization heat is devised, but the heat exchanger uses a tubular heat exchanger having good processability. The tubular heat exchanger is installed by contacting the power plant, thus adding a way to increase the contact area. In addition, when the tubular heat exchanger receives heat, the gaseous refrigerant generated by boiling inside blocks the phenomenon that the liquid refrigerant enters the tube, thereby allowing the refrigerant to circulate smoothly.

 The power equipment to which the cooling device according to the present invention is applied due to the high heat generation may include a transformer, a reactor, a gas insulated switchgear (GIS), a generator, and an electric motor. In particular, there are various types of transformers in which heat generation is the most problematic, such as columnar transformers, ground-mounted distribution transformers (aka PAD transformers), inflow transformers, mold transformers, gas transformers, and underground landfill transformers.

       1 is an explanatory view of a multiple bend tube heat exchanger. Pipes should be fitted in accordance with the structure of the corresponding power plant and in good contact with the pipes. The multiple bend tube heat exchanger 11 can be implemented in various ways depending on the target power equipment. At both ends of the pipe, a coolant inlet 12 and a coolant outlet 13 are provided.

       2 is an explanatory view of a parallel pipe heat exchanger. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 are arranged in parallel between the upper header 22 and the lower header 23. A coolant inlet 12 and a coolant outlet 13 are respectively provided at one side of the upper header 22 and the lower header 23 to form a parallel pipe type heat exchanger 21.

       3 is an explanatory view of the upper header tube heat exchanger. A plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 24 are connected in the vertical direction so as to communicate with the upper header 22. An upper header tube heat exchanger 31 is formed by connecting a refrigerant inlet 12 to one end of the upper header 22 and a refrigerant outlet 13 to the other end.

        4 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid type heat exchanger. The pipe is laminated in a cylindrical shape in the same shape as the solenoid and the solenoid type heat exchanger 41 is formed by installing the coolant inlet 12 and the coolant outlet 13 at both ends of the pipe. The tubular heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4 is made of a metal tube or a plastic pipe, an excel tube for heating, and the like. Since it is installed in contact with power equipment, it is made of insulator in case of potential rise due to electromagnetic induction phenomenon.

       5 is an explanatory view of a heat exchanger pipe and a heat collecting plate. The heat collecting plate 31 is attached to the surface of the heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4. This figure shows an example in which the heat collecting plate 51 is installed above and below the heat exchange tube 24 of the parallel pipe type heat exchanger 21. The heat collecting plate may be made of a metal plate or a metal plate or a metal mesh plate having a plurality of holes therein. When the direct sunlight of the sun is irradiated to the power facility, the heat collecting plate 31 may absorb the heat of the sun and may also serve as a direct light shading device that prevents direct sunlight from affecting the power facility.

       6 is an explanatory view of a power equipment refrigerant cooling device to which the tubular heat exchanger of the present invention is applied. The heat exchanger 61 is positioned below the condenser 62 so as to allow the liquid refrigerant to circulate by gravity. The condenser lower connection portion 64 and the refrigerant inlet 12 are connected to the pipe, and the condenser upper connection portion 63 and the refrigerant outlet 13 are connected to the pipe to form a refrigerant circulation circuit. The refrigerant should have a low boiling point so that it can boil into the waste heat of the power plant, but if it is too low, it should not be too low because the pressure in the pipe increases. Taking the boiling point of the refrigerant as an example, R123 is about 28 ° C, k141b is about 32 ° C, and AK225 is about 52 ° C. The principle of operation is as follows. Since the liquid refrigerant filled inside the heat exchanger 61 is in contact with the power equipment, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the power equipment and the refrigerant boils when the temperature reaches the boiling point. The gaseous refrigerant flows into the condenser 62 to condense to become a liquid refrigerant, and then returns to the heat exchanger 61 by gravity to complete one cycle of refrigerant circulation. By repeating this process, the power plant cooling is accomplished. Since the condensed liquid refrigerant descends to the condenser lower connection portion 64 due to the condenser 62 structure, the gas refrigerant generated in the heat exchanger 61 passes through the refrigerant outlet 13 through the lower condenser upper connection portion 63. The refrigerant flows into the condenser 62 and circulates between the heat exchanger 61 and the condenser 62 with a directivity.

       7 is a view illustrating a case in which a refrigerant cylinder is added to a refrigerant cooling device. In FIG. 6, a refrigerant tank 71 is added between the condenser 62 and the heat exchanger 61. The condenser lower connecting portion 64 and the refrigerant connecting portion 72 are connected to the tube, and the refrigerant passage connecting portion 73 is connected to the one-way valve 76 and the refrigerant inlet 12 and the pipe. A refrigerant injection pump (not shown) may be used instead of the one-way valve 76 to act as the one-way valve 76. It is also possible to adjust the amount of liquid refrigerant flow by installing a quantity control valve (not shown) before and after the one-way valve (76). The refrigerant outlet 13 is connected to the condenser upper connection portion 63 of the condenser and constitutes a closed circuit connecting the condenser 62, the refrigerant cylinder 71, and the heat exchanger 61. In the upper portion of the coolant container 71, a valve 75 is installed at the coolant inlet 74 to be used for the coolant injection and the degree of vacuum control. The principle of operation is as follows. When the liquid refrigerant is injected into the heat exchanger 61 through the one-way valve 76 in the refrigerant tank 71, the refrigerant boils in the heat exchanger 61 which is in contact with the power equipment, and takes the heat of vaporization from the power equipment. Since the gas refrigerant is blocked by the one-way valve 76, it cannot flow back into the refrigerant cylinder 71, but flows into the condenser 62 to condense to become a liquid refrigerant, and then returns to the refrigerant cylinder 71 to perform one cycle of refrigerant circulation. To finish. When the heat exchanger 61 is filled with the liquid refrigerant, the refrigerant cylinder 71 is partially filled, and the refrigerant is boiled, the one-way valve 49 may be omitted. In other words, when the liquid refrigerant is boiled like a full boiler, the refrigerant is naturally injected. This cooling system is equivalent to the boiler heat from the power generation cycle being dumped to the condenser.

       8 is a diagram illustrating a case where a compressor is added to a refrigerant cooling device. 7 is similar to that of FIG. 7, but the compressor 81 having the check valve 82 installed in parallel with the refrigerant outlet 13 of the heat exchanger 61 and the upper connection portion 63 of the condenser 62 is connected to the piping. different. The gas refrigerant flows through the check valve 82 when the compressor 81 is not in operation, and the check valve 82 prevents backflow of the refrigerant when the compressor 81 is in operation. The principle of operation is as follows. If the compressor 81 is not operated, gas refrigerant flows through the check valve 82, and the remaining operations are the same as those described with reference to FIG. When the compressor 81 is operated, the vaporized refrigerant in the tubular heat exchanger is sucked into the compressor 81, compressed, and then introduced into the condenser 62 to liquefy. The liquefied refrigerant enters the refrigerant container 71 and is introduced into the tubular heat exchanger through the one-way valve 76 to complete one cycle of refrigerant circulation. At this time, the cross section of the one-way valve 76 is reduced so that the entire refrigerant system by the compressor 81 operates well. A quantity control valve (not shown) may be installed before and after the one-way valve 76 to adjust the liquid refrigerant flow rate.

       9 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a refrigerant cooling device via a refrigerant container. The structure in which the liquid refrigerant circulates by gravity by arranging the condenser 62, the refrigerant cylinder 71, and the heat exchanger 61 in the order from the top is the same as in FIG. The upper condenser upper connecting portion 63 is connected to the upper gas pipe connecting portion 91 of the refrigerant tube by pipe, and the lower condenser lower connecting portion 64 is connected to the refrigerant communicating portion connecting portion 72 by the pipe condenser 62 and the refrigerant cylinder 71. To the closed loop. The refrigerant outlet 13 is connected to the lower gas pipe connection 92 of the refrigerant cylinder 71 by pipe, and the refrigerant inlet 12 is connected to the one-way valve 76 connected to the refrigerant connection lower connection 73 by pipe. The cylinder 71 and the heat exchanger 61 are connected by a closed circuit. The principle of operation is as follows. The liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant container 71 flows into the heat exchanger 61 which is in contact with the power equipment through the one-way valve 76. In the heat exchanger 61, the refrigerant is boiled into a gas and flows into the refrigerant cylinder 71 through the lower gas pipe connecting portion 92 of the refrigerant cylinder. The gaseous refrigerant flows into the condenser 62 through the upper gas pipe connecting portion 91 and the upper condenser upper connecting portion 63 to be liquefied and enters the refrigerant cylinder 71 by gravity to complete a cycle of refrigerant circulation.

       10 is a diagram illustrating a case where a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an outer surface of a power facility. A heat exchanger having a heat collecting plate 51 is installed on the outer surface 101 of the power equipment. In particular, if there is no enclosure, such as a mold transformer, it is installed to be in contact with its outer surface.

       11 is a diagram illustrating a case where a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an inner surface of a power facility. A heat exchanger 61 having a heat collecting plate 51 is installed on the inner surface of the power equipment enclosure.

       12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a case in which a tubular heat exchanger is installed on an inner surface of a double enclosure power facility. If the enclosure is made of a double of the power equipment is installed in the heat exchanger 61 is attached to the heat collecting plate 51 on the surface of the inner enclosure, not the double enclosure 121.

Eliminating the heat applied to the power plant is a very important task in increasing the power plant capacity and extending its life. In particular, power facilities installed in urban areas are installed indoors or underground due to aesthetics and environmental problems, so the cooling method is almost fixed by water cooling. However, the water-cooled type has many disadvantages and a lot of operating costs. Therefore, if the power equipment cooling method according to the present invention is selected, the refrigerant vaporizes due to heat to be removed while being generated in the power equipment, and the refrigerant vaporized due to the pressure difference of the gas flows into the condenser 62. In addition, the condenser 62 is installed above the heat exchanger 61, so that the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser 62 falls into the heat exchanger 61 by gravity and requires energy for refrigerant circulation without using extra energy. And since there is no moving part, the probability of failure of the cooling system is dramatically lowered. In particular, since the heat exchanger is a tubular heat exchanger, the processability is good, so it can be easily manufactured according to the power equipment type and the contact surface can be widened.

Claims (5)

       Pole transformer, ground-mounted distribution transformer (aka PAD transformer), inflow transformer, mold transformer, gas transformer, underground buried transformer, reactor, gas insulated switchgear, generator, motor A heat exchanger 61 installed; A condenser 62 installed above the heat exchanger 61; A refrigerant inlet 12 installed at one side of the heat exchanger 61; A refrigerant outlet 13 installed at one side of the heat exchanger 61; Condenser upper connection portion 63 is installed on the upper one side of the condenser 62; A condenser lower connecting portion 64 installed at one lower side of the condenser 62; The refrigerant inlet 12 and the condenser lower connecting portion 64 are connected to the tube, and the refrigerant outlet 13 and the condenser upper connecting portion 63 are connected to the pipe to form a closed circuit circulation of the refrigerant and the power inside the heat exchanger 61. A power equipment refrigerant cooling device using a tubular heat exchanger, characterized in that it fills a refrigerant that can be boiled by equipment waste heat.        The heat exchanger (61) according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (61) has a multi-bending tube heat exchanger (11), a parallel pipe type heat exchanger (21), an upper header tube type heat exchanger (31), and a solenoid type heat exchanger in which a heat collecting plate (51) is provided on a surface thereof. Power equipment refrigerant cooling device to which the tubular heat exchanger, characterized in that one of the (41).        A refrigerant container (71) as claimed in claim 1; Refrigerant cylinder sub-connection portion 72 is installed on the upper side of the refrigerant cylinder (71); Refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 73 is installed on the lower side of the refrigerant cylinder 71; A refrigerant inlet 74 installed at an upper side of the refrigerant tank 71; A valve 75 installed in the refrigerant inlet 74; A one-way valve 76; The condenser lower connection part is installed by inserting the refrigerant passage 71 connected with the one-way valve 76 to the lower part in the conduit connecting the refrigerant inlet 12 of the heat exchanger 61 and the condenser lower connection part 64 of the condenser 62. A power supply using a tubular heat exchanger, which connects the 64 and the refrigerant cylinder connecting portion 72 to the pipe and connects the one-way valve 76 and the refrigerant inlet 12 coupled to the refrigerant connecting portion 72 with the pipe. Equipment Refrigerant Cooling System.        The compressor (81) according to claim 3, wherein a check valve (82) is connected in parallel to a conduit connecting the refrigerant outlet (13) of the heat exchanger (61) and the condenser upper connection portion (63) of the condenser (62). Power equipment refrigerant cooling device applying a tubular heat exchanger, characterized in that installed by.        A refrigerant container (71) as claimed in claim 1; A refrigerant cylinder connecting portion 72 installed at an upper side of the refrigerant cylinder 71; An upper gas pipe connection part 91 installed at an upper side of the refrigerant tank 71; Refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 73 is installed on the lower side of the refrigerant cylinder 71; A lower gas pipe connection part 92 installed at a lower side of the refrigerant tank 71; A refrigerant inlet 74 installed at an upper side of the refrigerant tank 71; A valve 75 installed in the refrigerant inlet 74; One-way valve 76; A conduit connecting the refrigerant inlet 12 of the heat exchanger 61 and the condenser lower connecting portion 64 of the condenser 62 and the upper part of the condenser upper connection 63 of the refrigerant outlet 13 and the condenser 62 of the heat exchanger 61. 1) One-way valve 76 is installed by inserting the refrigerant cylinder 71 connected to the lower portion in the two pipelines connecting the condenser, and the condenser lower connection portion 64 and the refrigerant flow passage connection portion 72 are connected to the pipe and the refrigerant passage lower portion The one-way valve 76 and the refrigerant inlet 12 coupled to the connecting portion 72 are connected by pipes, and the upper condenser upper connecting portion 63 and the upper gas pipe connecting portion 91 are connected by pipes, and the lower gas pipe connecting portion 92 is connected to the pipe. Refrigerant cooling equipment for power equipment using a tubular heat exchanger, characterized in that the refrigerant outlet 13 is connected to the pipe.

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