KR20070100224A - How to make concrete blocks or concrete slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a concrete block or concrete slab having various shapes and sizes, wherein the concrete is filled in the mold (2) for several blocks or slabs, the surface layer or the facing concrete layer (3) is a basic The surface, which has a color and has different colored regions, is stirred and then cured by vibration and / or compaction; At least a portion of the colored and / or variously colored and / or colored and / or of various colors before being stirred is projected by the at least one application device 4.

Description

Method of manufacturing concrete blocks or concrete slabs {METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE BLOCKS OR CONCRETE SLABS}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing concrete blocks or concrete slabs having various shapes and sizes; The concrete is filled in a mold for a number of blocks or slabs, the surface layer or the surface concrete layer exhibiting ground color, the surface having various colored spots, and the concrete vibrating and / or tamping. It is hardened by compacting by.

Generally, the mold is first filled with concrete raw materials for concrete blocks and concrete slabs, and then the concrete blocks or concrete slabs are compacted.

However, it is also possible to produce concrete blocks or concrete slabs in a single method step without surface concrete.

In order to manufacture various colored concrete blocks or concrete slabs, it is known to give the ground color to the surface layer or the surface concrete layer in a single method step, if necessary, which can correspond to the concrete color without coloration or can be of various colors. Is colored.

EP 1 017 554B1 discloses a method and apparatus for producing concrete mortar which forms a surface layer by various colored layers; The colored layer is supported on top of one another in the feed container, freely moveable downward in the feed container, guided through a baffle, mixed on coarse concrete, and then passed through such concrete, thereby densifying a marble-like surface layer Can be formed. This is a practical approach, but it requires a multicolored marble layout that can only meet a limited degree of visual requirements for concrete blocks or concrete slabs that should look like natural stones, because only a spot-shaped color pattern is needed. to be.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method that can produce the surface of a concrete block or concrete slab that looks very similar to a natural stone with strings or spots. Here, the interwoven surface is assumed to have noticeable grains and / or streaks and / or spots.

It is an object of the present invention to at least one applicator on the surface layer or on the surface concrete layer before at least a portion of the colored and / or variously colored final material or the colored or variously colored final material is subjected to the compacting process. It can be achieved by drawing. In this way, it is possible to generate flame-like, stripe-like, or spot-like surfaces that look like the natural structure of natural stone. By varying the applicator, part or parts, and the final material, the surfaces can be generated or changed. The ground color of the surface layer or surface concrete layer, which extends from unpainted concrete to various colored concretes, plays an important role.

In the course of the process, the term "drawing" means to "throw", "pour" or "blown" the final material onto the surface layer or surface concrete layer.

The final material is a colored and / or variously colored concrete mixture which, upon application, creates a special visual appearance on the surface.

Since the concrete mixture continues to be pressed or dense on the surface, good bonding with the surface layer or the surface concrete layer is realized.

The final material exhibits or includes small stones grains; In the surface layer or the surface concrete layer, granules of various colors and semi-precious stones or gemstones or mica or metal chips or plastic particles or glass particles may be introduced. The final material may be any stone mixture. The final material has a graded granular component with a maximum diameter of granules of 2 mm.

The surface concrete or concrete surface layer has a fine grain granular structure that is finer or equivalent to the screen cut C4. Those skilled in the art will recognize that C4 represents a micrograin granule structure with granules having a diameter of 0 to 4.0 mm. For evaluation, a standardized screen test with a fixed screen device was performed.

The applied portion may contain various final materials and various colored concrete mixtures including stone grains or stone mixtures or granules or chips.

However, similarly to applying multiple portions of the final material to the mold surface in succession, multiple portions of the same permission or different final materials may be applied to the mold in the direction of the portions.

According to the invention, it is proposed that the applicator take the form of at least one centrifugal feeder disc, one pedal wheel, one drawing arm, or one catapult to which a portion or portions of the final material are fed. These applicators and the applicators described below can be moved above or to the sides of the mold, and various portions can be supplied at various time intervals.

According to another embodiment, the applicator is proposed to represent at least one metering vessel which contains the final material and has a metering strip, the metering vessel being guided at a uniform or non-uniform velocity over the mold.

The metering strip is subjected to vibrations or vibrational shocks that are carried out uniformly and / or non-uniformly and / or intermittently.

Various final materials and / or various portions of these final materials are fed to the metering strip along their extensions.

The metering vessel may be mounted at the front edge of the metering carriage for surface concrete.

It is proposed to form the applicator in the form of a pipe outlet, through which the part or parts of the final material are drawn to the surface layer or the surface concrete layer. When the pipe outlet end is formed in a similar shape to the nozzle, particularly good distribution in the mold can be achieved.

If discharge is carried out with compressed air, it contributes to good distribution. Release of the final material can be effected by a pre-pressurized spring-type piston, the latching device of the piston suddenly released for drawing.

The applicator may be moved above or to the side of the mold. The applicator can exhibit or achieve various movement speeds, and sudden movements are preferred. Depending on the size of the mold and also the color preparation of the applicator with the final material, multiple devices and various devices can be used for one mold, resulting in uniform drawing or special characteristic patterns of the final material in the layer. Can be achieved.

Guide plates are used in the applicator because the disk wheel or drawing arm and the pipe outlet can have a large spreader.

Multiple portions of the final material can be variously released following the applicator and the final material as described above.

It is proposed that colored or variously colored concrete mixtures or surface concrete or concrete surface layers represent plastic deformations and / or silicate-concrete mixtures.

Stone grains or stone grain mixtures or granules may be mixed with organic or inorganic binders. The binder is colorless and is mixed with stone grains or stone grain mixtures or granules, chips or particles before application; For example, acrylic acid dispersions are used as organic binders, and silicates can be used as inorganic binders.

Before compaction, preferably after compaction, a colorless organic or inorganic formulation may be applied to the surface of the concrete block or concrete slab before or after curing. Enhanced durability and antifouling are achieved, and lime bloom is prevented or reduced by this injection, sealing or coating of concrete blocks or concrete slabs.

After final compaction and before sealing, the surface of the concrete block or concrete slab and / or the edge of the surface is treated with a brush, thereby removing the textured and / or roughened and / or smoothed and / or projecting edges. Can be.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a mold board having a mold with a concrete block and an applicator.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a mold board on which the mold 2 is disposed. The mold 2 has a number of through openings (35 are shown in the figure) in which the concrete is filled, and a surface concrete layer 3 is applied to the board. Although not shown in the figure, the surface concrete layer is colored. 4 is an applicator comprising a centrifugal feeder disk 5. The plane of the centrifugal feeder disk is substantially parallel to the surface of the mold 2 and spaced apart some distance therefrom. Since the applicator 4 can move along the other side of the mold as well as along the sides shown in the figure, all surface concrete layers 3 can reach any shape. The hopper 6 filled with the final material (not shown) is arranged on top of the centrifugal feeder disk 5. At its end (not shown) facing towards the centrifugal feeder disc, the hopper 6 has a device for opening and closing the discharge of the hopper, so that any portion of the final material can be transferred onto the centrifugal feeder disc. Multiple hoppers can be arranged on the centrifugal feeder discs containing various final materials so that various final materials can be spread on the surface of the surface concrete layer 3 at various metering rates. In addition to the speed of movement along the mold, the rotational speed of the centrifugal feeder disk 5 and its height relative to the mold 2 can be arbitrarily adjusted and varied during the drawing operation.

Reference numeral 7 shows a guide device which in particular prevents the casting of the final material by the centrifugal feeder disc outside the mold and directs the drawing direction to the mold 2.

Claims (29)

Concrete is filled into the mold 2 for a number of blocks or slabs, the surface layer of the surface concrete layer 3 exhibiting ground color, the surface comprising various colored places, the concrete being vibrated and / or In the method of manufacturing a concrete block or concrete slab having various shapes and sizes, which is hardened after being compacted by compaction, At least a portion of the final material that is colored and / or variously colored and / or colored and / or various colors is drawn to the surface layer or surface concrete layer 3 by at least one applicator 4 before being compacted. Method for producing a concrete block or concrete slab characterized in that. The method of claim 1 wherein the final material is a colored and / or variously colored concrete mixture. The method of claim 1 wherein the final material is a small stone grain or comprises a small stone grain. The method of claim 3 wherein the final material is or comprises a stone mixture. The method of claim 1, wherein the final material is a semi-precious stone, gem stone, mica, metal chips, plastic particles, or glass particles or semi-precious stones, gem stone, mica, metal chips, plastic Process for producing a concrete block or concrete slab, characterized in that it comprises particles, or glass particles. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the various final materials are contained in one part. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of parts are drawn on the surface of the mold (2). Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of parts of the final material are successively drawn on the surface of the mold (2). The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the final material has a graded granular component with a maximum diameter of 2 mm. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface concrete or concrete surface layer has a fine grain granular structure that is finer or equivalent to the screen cut (C4). Apparatus 4 according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the applicator 4 represents at least one centrifugal feeder disk 5, one pedal wheel, one drawing arm, or one crossbow to which a portion or portions of the final material are supplied. Method for producing a concrete block or concrete slab characterized in that. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the applicator represents at least one metering vessel containing a final material and having a metering strip, wherein the metering vessel is guided at a uniform or non-uniform velocity over the mold. Method for producing a concrete block or concrete slab. 13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the metering strip is subjected to vibrations or vibrational impacts that are performed uniformly and / or non-uniformly and / or intermittently. 14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that various final materials and / or various parts of these final materials are fed to the metering strip along their extensions. 15. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the weighing vessel is mounted at the front edge of the weighing carriage for surface concrete. The applicator 4 according to any one of the preceding claims represents an at least one pipe outlet through which one part or a plurality of parts of the integral or various end materials are fed, through which part or part of the final material Method for producing a concrete block or concrete slab, characterized in that the drawing or shooting on the surface layer or surface concrete layer. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the pipe outlet is provided with a spring-type piston pre-pressurized in the form of a shooting device. 18. The method of claim 16 or 17, wherein the discharge is performed with compressed air. 19. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the discharge end of the pipe outlet takes the form of a nozzle. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the applicator (4) is moved up or to the side of the mold (2) during application of the final material. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the applicator (4) is moved up or to the side of the mold (2) at various movement speeds and / or directions. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of applicators (4) is used in one mold (2). Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of different applicators (4) are used in one mold (2). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the applicator (4) represents a guide plate or a limiting plate (guide device (7)). Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete mixture is plastically modified and / or represents a silicate-concrete mixture. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface concrete or concrete surface layer is plastically deformed and / or exhibits a silicate-concrete mixture. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stone grains or stone grain mixtures or granules are mixed with an organic or inorganic binder. The method for producing a concrete block or concrete slab according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an organic or inorganic formulation is applied to the surface of the concrete block or concrete slab before or after being compacted and before or after curing. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, after the final compaction and before hardening or sealing, the surface and / or the edge of the concrete block or concrete slab is treated with a brush, thus having a grained and / or roughened and / or Or softened and / or projecting edges are removed.

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