KR20060073735A - Apparatus and method for equivalent bending stiffness test of railway vehicle structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for testing a significant bending stiffness of a railway vehicle structure, and more particularly, to a test apparatus for measuring a significant bending stiffness of a railway vehicle structure, comprising: a vertical support supporting a bottom surface of the railway vehicle structure; ; A plurality of hydraulic cylinders and load cells installed to apply an equally distributed load to the underframe upper surface of the structure; And a plurality of dial gauges for measuring the deflection amount of the structure side seal when the hydraulic cylinder is loaded.

In addition, the equivalent bending stiffness test method of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention includes the dial gauge initialization step; Loading step; Deflection amount measuring step; Calculating an average value of the deflection amount of the vertical support; Calculating a relative deflection amount of the sole bar; Considerable bending rigidity calculating step; Repeated implementation steps; It is characterized by consisting of a load removing step.

Railway vehicles, equivalent bending stiffness, hydraulic cylinders, load cells, dial gauges

Description

Testing system and method of bending bending stiffness for rolling vehicle structure

1 is an installation of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of a railway vehicle structure according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a mounting diagram of the dial gauge of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention.

3 is an installation diagram of a hydraulic cylinder and a load cell of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus for a railway vehicle structure according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: structure 102,103: vertical support

112: side seal 114: dial gauge

115: A / D converter 116: control unit

117: display unit 118: underframe

120: hydraulic cylinder 122: load cell

123: entrance opening

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for testing a significant bending stiffness of a railway vehicle structure, which will be described in more detail, comprising: a vertical support for supporting the structure; A plurality of hydraulic cylinders and load cells installed to apply an equal distribution load to an upper surface of the structure underframe; And at least one dial gauge mounted at both ends of the entrance and exit to measure the deflection amount of the structure side seal when the hydraulic cylinder is loaded.

In addition, the present invention in the equivalent bending stiffness test method of a railway vehicle structure,

 Initializing a dial gauge installed at one side of the railway vehicle structure;

Adding a constant vertical load as an equal load by a hydraulic cylinder supported on an upper surface of the structure underframe;

Recording the indication value of the dial gauge and measuring the amount of deflection; repeating the steps up to a preset maximum equal load;

And removing all of the loads when the test is completed up to the predetermined maximum equally distributed load. The method includes a substantial bending stiffness test method of a railway vehicle structure.

In general, railways are one of the nation's major transportation means, and the number of passengers is gradually increasing, especially with the recent opening of high-speed railways. In reality, there is an urgent need for the improvement of qualitative services such as securing stability, comfort and technology.

In this situation, the railway vehicle structure must have stability and sufficient strength and rigidity for all the working forces during operation, and the side structure must bear all the vertical forces and moments generated in the vehicle body, and the underframe is equipped with the main equipment at the bottom. Eccentricity should be taken into account.

In particular, testing the equivalent bending stiffness for each element of the railway vehicle structure is a very important requirement for the performance and safety of the railway vehicle. Therefore, it is essential to measure the substantial bending stiffness under certain conditions and to put it into actual operation.

However, despite these demands, there is no standardized test method for the rigidity of railway vehicle structures. Therefore, accurate tests of whether the structure of the vehicle has sufficient rigidity in manufacturing and operating railway vehicles have not been made. It is true.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a test apparatus and method for accurately measuring the significant bending stiffness acting on the railway vehicle structure.

That is, the present invention precisely measures the considerable bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure to confirm the proper line and quality level of the structure design, and to increase the durability and reliability of the structure, and to design, manufacture and test the structure based on the results. By establishing the nose, it provides the makers of railway vehicles with the predictability of the material and structure of the structure and the stability of the vehicle, and provides the apparatus and method for testing the significant bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure that can give the users of the railway comfortable and stable. For that purpose.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a test apparatus for measuring the substantial bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure, the vertical support for supporting the bottom surface of the railway vehicle structure; A plurality of hydraulic cylinders installed to apply an equally distributed load to the underframe upper surface of the structure; It is a considerable bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure, characterized in that consisting of; a plurality of dial gauges for measuring the amount of deflection of the structural side seal when the hydraulic cylinder load is added.

In addition, the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure is characterized in that it further comprises a load cell to apply a desired load accurately to the upper surface of the underframe of the structure by the hydraulic cylinder.

In addition, the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure is characterized in that it further comprises an external data processing device for receiving and processing the deflection data measured by the dial gauge.

In addition, the external data processing apparatus includes an A / D converter for converting the amount of deflection of each dial gauge from analog to digital, a controller for converting as described above to calculate a significant bending stiffness from the digitized value, and displaying a final value calculated from the controller. Characterized in that composed of a display unit.

In addition, the dial gauge is characterized in that a total of 22, such as 11 in the front side chamber, 11 in the rear side chamber of the structure is mounted.

On the other hand, the present invention in the test for measuring the substantial bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure, the step of initializing a dial gauge installed in the railway vehicle structure; Adding a constant vertical load as an equal load by a hydraulic cylinder supported on an upper surface of the structure underframe; Measuring the amount of deflection by recording an indication of the dial gauge; Calculating substantial bending stiffness of the structure from the relative deflection amount calculated by mutually calculating the deflection amount; Repeating the above steps up to a predetermined maximum equal load; Comprising the step of removing all the loads when the test is completed up to the predetermined maximum equal load is a significant bending stiffness test method of the railway vehicle structure, characterized in that consisting of.

The method may further include precisely controlling the magnitude of the load applied to the underframe upper surface of the structure by the hydraulic cylinder by measuring the magnitude of the uniform distribution load applied using the load cell.

Calculating an average value of a deflection amount of the third dial gauge and a deflection amount of the 19 dial gauge of the structure; And calculating the relative deflection amount by subtracting the average value of the deflection amount from the deflection amount of the dial 11 gauge of the structure.

In addition, the equation for calculating the equivalent bending stiffness (EI _eq ) is

인 것을 특징으로 한다.

It is characterized by that.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the structural equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of a railway vehicle according to the present invention.

1 is an installation of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention, Figure 2 is an installation diagram of the dial gauge of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention, Figure 3 is the present invention The installation diagram of the hydraulic cylinder and load cell of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention is the vertical support (102, 103) of the front and rear head of the structure 100 of the railway vehicle to be tested To be supported on top.

In addition, the hydraulic cylinder 120 and the load cell 122 is installed on the upper surface of the structure underframe 118, the hydraulic cylinder 120 adds a vertical load as an equal distribution load and the load cell 122 is the hydraulic pressure By measuring the magnitude of the load applied to the cylinder 120 to accurately control the load of the hydraulic cylinder 120 to be able to apply the desired load.

On the other hand, when the vertical load is added, a plurality of dial gauges 114 are mounted on the structure side chamber 112 in order to measure the deflection of the structure, as shown in FIG. , 3, 5, ...) numbers are attached, and even side (2, 4, 6, ...) numbers are attached to the rear side chamber to measure the deflection of the railway vehicle structure.

That is, the amount of deflection of the side chamber 112 of the structure 100 is measured using a plurality of dial gauges 114 mounted as described above, and the amount of deflection measurement points are 22 places including both ends of the entrance opening 123. .

Further, the deflection amount measured by each dial gauge 114 in the structure 100 is digitized to determine the average value of the deflection amount of any two dial gauges 114 or the deflection amount of any two dial gauges 114. In order to calculate the difference value, it is preferable to use an external data processing device connected to the dial gauge 114. As shown in FIG. 1, the external data processing device digitizes the deflection amount of each dial gauge from analog to digital. A / D converter 115, the control unit 116 for calculating the corresponding bending stiffness from the digitized value converted as described above, and the display unit 117 for displaying the final value calculated from the control unit 116 Can be.

Referring to the operation of the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, since the railway vehicle structure has no load history, a preliminary load test is carried out for the stability of the vehicle body. First apply the maximum vertical load and hold for at least 1 hour, then remove the load. The compression load is preferably repeated two to three times after applying 50 tons of the compression load to the coupler pocket.

After completing the preliminary load test as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, an equal distribution load is added to the upper surface of the structure underframe 118 by the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the vertical load is " 0 ton → 13.0 ton → 37.0. Tone → 45.7 ton → 47.6 ton ", etc., in turn, the equivalent bending stiffness test of the railway vehicle structure according to the invention is carried out.

As described above, deflection occurs in the side chamber 112 of the structure due to an equal distribution load added to the upper surface of the structure underframe 118. As shown in FIG. Since 114 is mounted, different amounts of deflection are measured from each dial gauge 114. Each deflection is measured as the difference between the current reading and the initial value of each load at the stage (0 ton → 13.0 ton → 37.0 ton → 45.7 ton → 47.6 ton).

The amount of deflection measured from the dial gauge 114 is digitized by the A / D converter 115, as shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. 1, and the digitized value is transmitted to the controller 116 to correspond to the digitized value. Bending stiffness is calculated. The calculated equivalent bending strength stiffness is displayed through the display unit 117.

Here, the method of calculating the substantial bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure is as follows.

In order to calculate the considerable bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure, first, the relative deflection of the sole bar should be calculated. The relative deflection of the sole bar is the dial gauge 11 of the center of the structure and the dial gauge 3 of the vertical support. And the difference between the average values of the deflections of the dial gauges 114 and 19.

(Relative deflection of sole bar = deflection at center of structure-average deflection of vertical support)

이다. 여기에서 ω는 단위길이당 등분포하중이고, ㅣ ₁ 은 차단에서 대차중심까지의 거리, ㅣ ₂ 는 대차중심간 거리이며, δ는 상기 Sole bar의 처짐량이다. The considerable bending stiffness is calculated from the relative deflection of the sole bar calculated as above.

to be. Where ω is the distributed load per unit length, ㅣ ₁ Is the distance from the blocking to the balance center, | ₂ is the distance between the balance center, and δ is the deflection of the sole bar.

The equivalent bending stiffness as described above is measured by each load part in the stage (0 ton → 13.0 ton → 37.0 ton → 45.7 ton → 47.6 ton), and finally the result of the equivalent bending stiffness calculated from the above formula and structural analysis Compare and confirm that the structure of the railway vehicle under test satisfies the design conditions.

Next, the time-dependent description of the equivalent bending stiffness test method of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention.

The initial value of the dial gauge 114 provided on the bottom surface of the railway vehicle structure is recorded (dial gauge initialization step).

The hydraulic cylinder 120 adds 13.0 tons of vertical load according to the above example to the upper surface of the underframe 118 as an equal distribution load. At this time, since the hydraulic cylinder 120 is controlled by measuring the magnitude of the load applied using the load cell 122, it is possible to accurately apply the desired load (load addition step).

The indication value of the dial gauge 114 is recorded. At this time, the amount of deflection is measured as the difference between the present indication value and the initial value obtained from the step (the amount of deflection measurement).

The equivalent bending stiffness EI _eq of the structure 100 is calculated from the relative deflection amount δ _y calculated by mutually calculating the measured deflection amount δ _x (equivalent bending stiffness calculation step).

The above steps are repeated until the maximum equal load (47.6 tons) according to the above example (repeat step).

When the above vertical load test is completed, remove all loads (load removal step).

Herein, the equivalent bending stiffness calculation step in the deflection amount measurement step is more specific.

The average value (δ _eq ) of the deflection amount (δ ₃ ) of the third dial gauge 114 of the vertical support of the structure 100 and the deflection amount (δ ₁₉ ) of the no. ₁₉ dial gauge 114 is calculated (average value of the deflection amount of the vertical support). Output stage)

The relative deflection amount δ _y is calculated by subtracting the average value δ _eq of the deflection amount from the deflection amount δ ₁₁ of the dial gauge 114 of the structure 100 (step of calculating the relative deflection amount of the sole bar).

Although the above-described embodiments have been described with respect to the most preferred examples of the present invention, it is not limited to the above embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

According to the equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus and method of the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention configured as described above, after measuring the significant bending stiffness against the vertical load acting on the structure of the railway vehicle, the result obtained through the structural analysis of the structure By comparison, it is possible to confirm whether the structure of the railway vehicle has stability and sufficient rigidity.

In addition, by producing a better railway vehicle structure through such a precise test apparatus and method it can be obtained the effect of providing stability and reliability to users of the railway.

Claims (9)

In the test apparatus for measuring the equivalent bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure, Vertical supports (102, 103) for supporting the bottom of the railway vehicle structure (100); A plurality of hydraulic cylinders 120 installed to apply an equal distribution load to an upper surface of the underframe 18 of the structure 100; Equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure, characterized in that consisting of; a plurality of dial gauges 114 for measuring the amount of deflection of the side chamber 112 of the structure 100 when the load of the hydraulic cylinder 120 is added . The method of claim 1, Equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus of the railway vehicle structure further comprises a load cell (122) to apply a desired load accurately to the upper surface of the underframe (118) of the structure by the hydraulic cylinder (120). The method of claim 1, Apparatus for equivalent bending stiffness of the railway vehicle structure further comprises an external data processing device for receiving and processing the deflection data measured by the dial gauge (114). The method of claim 3, wherein The external data processing apparatus includes an A / D converter 115 for converting a deflection amount of each dial gauge into an analog to digital, a control unit 116 for converting as described above to calculate a significant bending stiffness from the digitized value, and the calculated value from the control unit. Equivalent bending stiffness test apparatus for a railway vehicle structure, characterized in that consisting of a display unit 117 for displaying the final value. The method of claim 1, A total of 22 dial gauges 114, such as 11 in the front side chamber 112 and 11 in the rear side chamber 112 of the structure 100, the equivalent bending rigidity test of the railway vehicle structure Device. In the test for the measurement of the equivalent bending stiffness of railway vehicle structures Initializing a dial gauge (114) installed in the railroad vehicle structure (100); (S 102) adding a constant vertical load to the hydraulic cylinder 120 supported on the upper surface of the structure 100 underframe 118 as a distributed load; Measuring the amount of deflection (δ _x ) by recording the indication value of the dial gauge 114 (s 104); Calculating an equivalent bending stiffness (EI _eq ) of the structure (100) from the relative deflection amount (δ _y ) calculated by mutually calculating the measured deflection amount (δ _x ) (s 107); Repeating the above steps up to a predetermined maximum equal load (s 108); Equivalent bending stiffness testing method of the railway vehicle structure, characterized in that the step (s 109) when the test is completed up to the predetermined maximum equal load distribution (s 109). The method of claim 6, Measuring the magnitude of the uniform distribution load applied using the load cell 122 to accurately control the magnitude of the load applied to the upper surface of the underframe 118 of the structure by the hydraulic cylinder (s 103) Equivalent bending stiffness test method of a railway vehicle structure further comprising. The method of claim 6, Calculating an average value (δ _eq) of deflection (δ ₁₉₎ of the deflection (δ ₃₎ the dial gauge 19 114 3 dial gauge 114 of the structure (100) (105 s); And calculating a relative deflection amount δ _y by subtracting the average value δ _eq of the deflection amount from the deflection amount δ ₁₁ of the 11th dial gauge 114 of the structure 100 (s 106). Equivalent bending stiffness test method for a railway vehicle structure. The method of claim 6, The equation for calculating the equivalent bending stiffness (EI _eq ) is

Equivalent bending stiffness test method of a railway vehicle structure, characterized in that.

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