KR20040099671A - A solidification agent to treat solidification/stabilization of ash - Google Patents
A solidification agent to treat solidification/stabilization of ash Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040099671A KR20040099671A KR1020030031720A KR20030031720A KR20040099671A KR 20040099671 A KR20040099671 A KR 20040099671A KR 1020030031720 A KR1020030031720 A KR 1020030031720A KR 20030031720 A KR20030031720 A KR 20030031720A KR 20040099671 A KR20040099671 A KR 20040099671A
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- ash
- solidification
- incineration
- cement
- stabilization
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title description 16
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[S] Chemical compound [N].[S] PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002153 sulfur containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
- C04B22/062—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
- C04B22/124—Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
- C04B22/143—Calcium-sulfate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 도시폐기물을 소각 처리후 발생되는 소각재를 쉽게 안정화 및 고형화 시킬 수 있는 소각재(바닥재, 비산재) 처리제 조성물( CaO : 40∼55%, CaSO4 : 7∼10% SiO2 : 18∼27%, CaCl2 : 0.5∼1.0%, Fe2O3 : 2∼5%, Al2O3 : 3∼11%, Na2SiO3 : 1∼3%)을 제공함에 목적이 있고, 또 하나는 시멘트의 수화반응을 촉진하여 중금속 이온 등에 의한 방해 효과를 억제시켜 안정화 고형화된 소각재를 아스팔트 도로포장, 토질개량재, 건축용 벽돌, 기와, 블록 등으로 활용하여 자원화하고 환경오염을 최소화하는데 있다.The present invention is an incineration (floor ash, fly ash) treatment agent composition (CaO: 40-55%, CaSO4: 7-10% SiO2: 18-27%, CaCl2) that can easily stabilize and solidify the incineration ash generated after incineration of municipal waste : 0.5 to 1.0%, Fe 2 O 3: 2 to 5%, Al 2 O 3: 3 to 11%, Na 2 SiO 3: 1 to 3%). By stabilizing the solidified incineration ash as asphalt road pavement, soil improvement material, building bricks, roof tiles, blocks, etc., it is resourceized and environmental pollution is minimized.
Description
본 발명은 도시폐기물을 소각 처리후 발생되는 소각재를 쉽게 안정화 및 고형화 시킬 수 있는 소각재(바닥재, 비산재) 처리제 조성물을 제공함에 목적이 있고, 또 하나는 안정화 고형화된 소각재를 아스팔트 도로포장, 토질개량재, 건축용 벽돌, 기와, 블록 등으로 활용하여 자원화하고 환경오염을 최소화하는데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide an incineration ash (floor ash, fly ash) treatment agent composition that can easily stabilize and solidify the incineration ash generated after incineration of municipal waste, and another is to stabilize the solidified incineration ash asphalt pavement, soil improvement material It is used as resources for building, bricks, tiles and blocks to minimize resources and environmental pollution.
일반적으로 폐기물 소각로에서 발생되는 소각재는 비산재와 바닥재 두가지 종류가 있는데 이중 대부분(80∼85%)은 바닥재이다. 바닥재는 주로 30∼40%의 산화규소(SiO2)와 12∼17%의 산화칼슘(CaO)과 6∼10%의 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 1∼5%의 철(Fe)과 3∼7%의 산화나트륨(Na2O)과 2∼3%의 미연소분 등으로 이루어지며, 비산재는 바닥재보다 염기성 성분을 보다 많이 포함한다.In general, there are two types of incinerators generated from waste incinerators, including fly ash and floor ash. Most of them (80 to 85%) are bottom ash. Flooring mainly consists of 30-40% silicon oxide (SiO2), 12-17% calcium oxide (CaO), 6-10% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), 1-5% iron (Fe) and 3-7% It consists of sodium oxide (Na2O) and 2 to 3% of unburned powder, and fly ash contains more basic components than flooring.
이러한 비산재와 바닥재에는 크롬(Cr), 주석(Sn), 구리(Cu), 납(Pb)등의 중금속이 다량 함유되어 있다. 또한 도시폐기물 소각로 소각재에는 약 10∼20%의 금속 성분이 포함되어 있다. 이러한 소각재는 전량 별다른 후처리 없이 매립되고 있다. 따라서 매립시 분진이 발생되는 문제점과 침출에 의한 중금속이 용해되어 매립장 주변에 2차 환경오염 발생 요인을 증가시킨다.Such fly ash and flooring material contain heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), tin (Sn), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb). In addition, municipal waste incinerator ashes contain about 10 to 20% of metals. All of these ashes are landfilled without any post-treatment. Therefore, the problem of dust generation in landfill and heavy metals by leaching increases the secondary environmental pollution factor around landfill.
이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 최근에는 소각재를 Cement 고화처리, 약제처리방식, 용융고화방식, 기타 용매에 의한 안정화 처리 등이 연구되고 있으며, 안정화 고형화된 소각재를 아스팔트 도로포장, 토질개량재, 건축용 벽돌, 기와, 블록 등으로 활용하는 연구가 계속 진행되고 있는 실정이다.In order to solve these problems, recently, incineration ash has been studied for cement cementing, chemical treatment, melt solidification, and stabilization with other solvents.In addition, stabilization solidified ash for asphalt road paving, soil improvement, building bricks, Research into the use of tiles, blocks, etc. is ongoing.
우선 고화처리 방법을 살펴보면 일반적으로 소각재를 화학적으로 안정화하는 방법으로 사용되는 고화제로는 시멘트나 질소 및 유황계의 킬레이트제나 유황을 포함하지 않는 무기계 약제로 대별할 수 있으며, 이와 같은 고화제의 처리목적은 소각재의 안정화 및 고화처리에 목적을 두고있으나, 소각재의 다양한 성상 때문에 고화제 조성물의 다양한 처리기법과 성상이 요구되고 있다.First of all, when looking at the solidification method, the solidifying agent generally used as a chemical stabilization method for incineration ashes can be roughly classified into cement, nitrogen, sulfur-based chelating agents or inorganic chemicals that do not contain sulfur. Is aimed at stabilization and solidification of incineration ashes, but various treatment techniques and properties of solidifying agent compositions are required due to various properties of incineration ashes.
소각재의 중금속 용출방지 및 비산방지를 목적으로 하는 시멘트 고화 방법은 공정이 매우 단순하여 실온에서 운전할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나, 침출저항성이 현저히 낮고, 고형화함에 따라 부피가 증가하며, 특히 폐기물의 조성이 변할 때 품질관리를 조절하기 어려운 단점이 있다.The cement solidification method aimed at preventing heavy metal dissolution and scattering of incineration ash has the advantage of being very simple to operate at room temperature. However, the leaching resistance is significantly lower and the volume increases with solidification, and in particular, the composition of the waste may change. It is difficult to control quality control.
소각재의 안정화 및 고형화를 위해 사용되고 있는 약제로는 질소 및 유황계의 유기계 킬레이트제나 유황을 포함하지 않는 무기계 약제 등이 있으나, 약제가 고가이며가역반응을 기초로한 이온반응에 의한 것이기 때문에 조건에 따라 한번 넣은 중금속을 다시 유리시켜 버리는 단점이 있다.Chemicals used for stabilization and solidification of incineration ash include nitrogen- and sulfur-based organic chelating agents and sulfur-containing inorganic drugs. However, since the drugs are expensive and are based on ionic reactions based on reversible reactions, There is a drawback to freeing the heavy metal once put back.
아스팔트를 이용한 고형화 방법은 시멘트를 이용한 고형화 방법보다 침출 및 침출 저항성이 매우 우수하고 고형화함에 따른 부피증가가 없는 감용효과 등 큰 장점들이 있으나 형태 안정성 및 기계적 강도에 문제가 있기 때문에 처분할 때 별도의 공학적 보장이 필요하다는 단점이 있다.Asphalt solidification method has more advantages such as leaching and leaching resistance than cement solidification method and a reduction effect without increasing volume due to solidification, but it has a problem in shape stability and mechanical strength. The disadvantage is that it needs to be guaranteed.
도시쓰레기 소각재에 포함되어 있는 중금속을 안정화 및 고형화 시킬 수 있는 소각재(바닥재, 비산재) 처리제 조성물을 제공함에 목적이 있고, 또 하나는 안정화 고형화된 소각재를 아스팔트 도로포장, 토질개량재, 건축용 벽돌, 기와, 블록 등으로 활용하여 자원화하고 환경오염을 최소화하는데 있다.It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator (floor ash, fly ash) treatment agent composition capable of stabilizing and solidifying heavy metals contained in municipal waste incineration ash, and the other is to stabilize stabilization solidified incineration ash on asphalt road pavement, soil improvement material, building brick, roof tile, etc. It is used to make resources and to minimize environmental pollution.
본 발명의 고화제의 성분은 CaO : 40∼55%, CaSO4 : 7∼10% SiO2 : 18∼27%, CaCl2 : 0.5∼1.0%, Fe2O3 : 2∼5%, Al2O3 : 3∼11%, Na2SiO3 : 1∼3%의 조성비로 구성된다.The components of the solidifying agent of the present invention are CaO: 40-55%, CaSO4: 7-10% SiO2: 18-27%, CaCl2: 0.5-1.0%, Fe2O3: 2-5%, Al2O3: 3-11%, Na2SiO3 : 1 to 3% of composition ratio.
본 발명의 고형화 방법은 150kg-시멘트/m3-소각재의 비율로 혼합하고 고화안정화 처리제를 시멘트 사용량의 1∼10%를 첨가하여 고형화 한다.The solidification method of the present invention is mixed at a ratio of 150kg-cement / m3-incinerator and solidified by adding 1 to 10% of the amount of cement stabilized treatment agent.
고화제는 고형화시 안정화 및 강도를 증가시키기 위한 목적으로 소각재와 시멘트 혼합물에 시멘트의 1∼10% 첨가되는데 본 발명의 고화제를 소각재와 시멘트 혼합물에 소량 첨가해도 소각재 고화체 제조후 상당한 형태 안정성을 유지하고 중금속 용출이 저감된다.The solidifying agent is added 1-10% of the cement to the incineration ash and the cement mixture for the purpose of stabilizing and increasing the strength during solidification. Even if a small amount of the solidifying agent of the present invention is added to the incineration ash and the cement mixture, the solidification stability is maintained after preparation of the solid ash solidification. And heavy metal elution is reduced.
본 발명의 고화제 조성물의 성분 CaO가 40% 미만일 경우, 수화반응이 적어 경화를 발생하지 못하고 55% 이상일 경우에는 수화반응이 너무 크게 반응하여 경화제의 균열을 초래하므로 조성비는 40∼50%로 한다.When the CaO component of the solidifying agent composition of the present invention is less than 40%, the hydration reaction is small and hardening does not occur. If the content is 55% or more, the hydration reaction is too large and causes cracking of the curing agent. Therefore, the composition ratio is 40 to 50%. .
Fe2O3 와 Al2O3의 성분비는 시멘트 이론에 의하여 고정된 비율로 조성되어진 양이다.The composition ratio of Fe 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 is an amount formed by a fixed ratio by cement theory.
CaSO4는 시멘트와 CaO의 수화반응시 발열에 의한 균열을 줄여주고 강도를 증진시켜 주는 효과가 있으므로 CaSO4 7%미만일 경우에는 강도 발현이 적고, 10% 이상일 경우에는 강도가 감소되고 균열이 발생되므로 CaSO4의 조성비는 7∼10%로 한다.CaSO4 has the effect of reducing the cracks caused by exotherm and enhancing the strength during the hydration reaction of cement and CaO. Therefore, when CaSO4 is less than 7%, the strength is less expressed. The composition ratio is 7 to 10%.
CaCl2는 C3S의 수화반응이 촉진됨에 따라 용액 중의 수산화칼슘의 과포화도가 높아져서 CSH겔 등 수화생성물의 석출이 왕성하게되어 초기강도가 증대하게 하는 역할을 하는 것으로 0.5∼1.0%가 적정하다.CaCl2 plays an important role in increasing the initial strength by increasing the supersaturation of calcium hydroxide in the solution as the C3S hydration reaction is accelerated, thereby increasing the initial strength of the hydration products such as CSH gel.
Na2SiO3는 수화반응을 하는 동안 Ash 내에 Ca(OH)2와 반응하여 포졸란 반응을 일으키므로 신속하게 안정된 칼슘 실리카 수화물(CSH)를 생성하게 된다.Na2SiO3 reacts with Ca (OH) 2 in Ash during the hydration reaction to cause a pozzolanic reaction, thus rapidly producing stable calcium silica hydrate (CSH).
이하 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
포틀랜드 시멘트의 주성분으로는 CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 성분이 전체 조성의 90% 정도 차지하고 있으며 물과 혼합시 가수분해를 일으켜 수산화 칼슘과 약한 염기성의 규산칼슘수화물(calcium silicate hydrate : CSH)을 생성한다.The main components of Portland cement are CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3, which account for about 90% of the total composition, and when mixed with water, hydrolyzes to produce calcium hydroxide and weakly basic silicate silicate hydrate (CSH). .
이 반응은 고화가 용이하며 입자간을 결합시켜 강성의 골격을 만들고 수화가 진행함에 따라 결정이 성장하여 중금속을 고정하게 되는데 이러한 수화반응은 다음과 같다.The reaction is easy to solidify, and the particles are bonded to form a rigid skeleton, and as the hydration proceeds, crystals grow to fix heavy metals.
2(3CaO·SiO2) + 6H2O → 3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O + 3Ca(OH)22 (3CaOSiO2) + 6H2O → 3CaO · 2SiO2 · 3H2O + 3Ca (OH) 2
2(2CaO·SiO2) + 4H2O → 3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O + Ca(OH)22 (2CaOSiO2) + 4H2O → 3CaO · 2SiO2 · 3H2O + Ca (OH) 2
3CaO·Al2O3 + 6H2O → 3CaO·Al2O3·6H2O3CaOAl2O3 + 6H2O → 3CaOAl2O36H2O
4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3 + 2Ca(OH)2 + 10H2O → 3CaO·Al2O3·6H2O + 3CaO·Fe2O3·6H2O4CaOAl2O3Fe2O3 + 2Ca (OH) 2 + 10H2O → 3CaOAl2O36H2O + 3CaOFe2O36H2O
이와 같은 상기한 수화반응은 CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 성분을 주성분으로 하는 시멘트의 양이 증가하면 수화반응에 의해 생성되는 Ca(OH)2 양이 증가하게 되는데 이때 SiO2 흄의 미세한 입결은 높은 포졸란 반응성을 갖고 있어 CaCO3와 Ca(OH)2 의 형성을 감소시켜 칼슘-실리카 수화물의 생성을 크게 한다.In the above hydration reaction, when the amount of cement containing CaO, SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, and Fe 2 O 3 is increased, the amount of Ca (OH) 2 produced by the hydration reaction increases, and the fine grains of SiO 2 fume are highly pozzolanic. It is reactive and reduces the formation of CaCO3 and Ca (OH) 2, thus increasing the production of calcium-silica hydrate.
이하 표를 참조하면서 본 발명에 따른 고화제를 소각재와 시멘트에 혼합하여 안정화 고형화하는 방법의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명한다.A preferred embodiment of the method for stabilizing and solidifying the solidifying agent according to the present invention by mixing the incinerator and cement with reference to the following table in detail.
소각재의 침출특성을 평가하기 위하여 환경오염공정시험법인 TCLP법에 따라 침출특성을 분석해 보았다.In order to evaluate the leaching characteristics of incineration ash, leaching characteristics were analyzed according to TCLP method, which is an environmental pollution testing method.
시료를 혼합한후 용출액과 1:20으로 혼합하고, 22±3℃, 진폭 4∼5cm로 분당 30±2회, 18±2시간 진탕기에서 진탕하여 여과한 후 항목별로 분석하여 표 1과 같은 침출특성을 얻었다.After mixing the sample and 1:20 with the eluate, and shaking at 22 ± 3 ℃, amplitude of 4 ~ 5 cm 30 ± 2 times per minute, 18 ± 2 hours in a shaker and filtered and analyzed by items as shown in Table 1 Leaching characteristics were obtained.
표 1에 나타난 바와 같이, 소각재 원시료의 침출농도보다 소각재에 시멘트와 고화제를 혼합하였을 경우에 침출농도가 낮으며, 유기계 킬레이트제를 혼합한 경우 보다 고화제를 혼합하였을 경우에 침출농도가 낮았다.As shown in Table 1, the leaching concentration was lower when cement and solidifying agent were mixed with the incineration ash than the leaching concentration of the incineration raw material, and the leaching concentration was lower when the solidifying agent was mixed than when the organic chelating agent was mixed. .
표.1 용출시험결과 (ppm)Table 1 Dissolution test results (ppm)
소각재의 재활용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 고화체의 성형은 한국공업규격 KS L5105에 규정된 "수경 시멘트 모르타르의 압축강도 시험방법"에 따라 시행하였다.In order to examine the recyclability of the incineration ash, the solidification was carried out according to the "Test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortar" specified in Korean Industrial Standard KS L5105.
대상시료와 물량의 비는 모르타르 흐름시험에 의해 Flow값 150정도에서 물량을 결정하고 동일한 값을 가지고 시행하였다.The ratio of the sample and the volume was determined by the mortar flow test at the flow value of about 150 and was performed with the same value.
표 2에 나타난 바와 같이 본 발명의 고화제를 사용하여 소각재와 시멘트에 혼합하였을 경우에 고화체에서 중금속 용출이 거의 없거나, 아주 미미하였다.As shown in Table 2, when mixed with the incineration ash and cement using the solidifying agent of the present invention there is little or no heavy metal elution in the solidified body.
일반적으로 국내에서의 시멘트 블록의 강도기준치는 80kg/cm2이므로 소각재를 함유한 고화제의 경우 압축강도면에서 충분히 만족시키고 있다.In general, the strength standard of cement blocks in Korea is 80kg / cm2, so the hardener containing incineration ash is sufficiently satisfied in terms of compressive strength.
표.2 소각재를 이용한 블록의 압축강도 변화 (kg/cm2)Table.2 Compressive strength change of blocks using incineration ash (kg / cm2)
도시쓰레기 소각재에 포함되어 있는 중금속을 안정화 및 고형화 시킬 수 있는 소각재(바닥재, 비산재) 고화제 조성물을 제공하고, 또 하나는 안정화 고형화된 소각재를 아스팔트 도로포장, 토질개량재, 건축용 벽돌, 기와, 블록 등으로 활용하여 자원화하고 환경오염을 최소화한다.Provides incinerator (floor ash, fly ash) solidifying agent composition that can stabilize and solidify heavy metals contained in municipal waste incineration ash. It is used as a resource to minimize environmental pollution.
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| CN108341624A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-31 | 清华大学 | A method of making bituminous concrete using domestic garbage incineration flyash |
| CN108609928A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-02 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | Using puffing slag as concrete road pavement brick of raw material and preparation method thereof, production system |
| CN116375450A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-07-04 | 南方科技大学 | Method for solidifying fly ash and sintered product thereof |
| CN118637847A (en) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-09-13 | 北方工业大学 | A method for solidifying and stabilizing waste incineration fly ash using construction waste |
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| CN108341624A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-31 | 清华大学 | A method of making bituminous concrete using domestic garbage incineration flyash |
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| CN116375450A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-07-04 | 南方科技大学 | Method for solidifying fly ash and sintered product thereof |
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