KR20030080469A - Apparatus for Forging of Direct Pressure Type - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus of a non-ferrous metal casting apparatus, the upper mold portion (A) is coupled to the upper plate 16 fixed to the upper space (44) and fixed to the upper space (44) It consists of an upper mold (47); and a product demolding means, the product demolding means of the center portion which is fastened to the lower portion of the upper knock-out cylinder 10 is composed of an eject ring 50 of a ring shape,

The lower mold part B is a lower mold 48 coupled to an upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder 9; and a side mold rotatably fastened to an assembly member 33 coupled to the lower mold 48. (46); the side mold 46 is linked by the side holder 32 and the link member 40, 43 is fixed to the lower plate 1, the lower mold portion (B) is It can be separated from the lower plate 1 to be raised and lowered, and the lower mold part B is configured to automatically open when the lower mold 46 is raised and to close automatically when lowered. The side holder 32 coupled to the lower plate 1 supports the side mold 46 in close contact and acts as a corresponding force to the pressure applied to the side mold 46 during the forging of the molten metal. There is no need.

Description

Apparatus for Forging of Direct Pressure Type}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a molten metal forging apparatus for nonferrous metals, and more particularly, to a direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus in which an upper mold moves directly under pressure and melts. More specifically, the upper mold is downwardly formed by direct preliminary molding and second by high pressure, and is directly pressurized by the operation of the lower cylinder. The mold part is composed of the upper mold part and the lower mold part, but the lower mold part is the lower mold part. The mold, the side mold and the side holder, and the lower mold, the side mold and the side holder are linked to each other integrally characterized in that the side holder is configured as the support of the side mold.

In addition, the present invention includes a molten metal injection tube installed in the upper and lower filters in two stages in order to prevent the incorporation of oxides generated in the product during the injection of molten metal in the product, and the usual molten metal heating furnace, control unit and various units It is a direct pressure molten metal forging method including a facility, and has excellent production cycle time, tensile strength, density, and elongation compared to other casting products by existing casting methods, and the molten metal forging of the present invention is directly pressurized up and down. Compared to the conventional indirect pressurization method, the facility is simpler, and the manufacturing cost and mold cost of the machine body can be drastically reduced, thereby achieving both product cost competitiveness and quality competitiveness.

In general, looking at those that have been the basis for the existing non-ferrous casting method, there are gravity casting, low pressure casting, vacuum casting method, etc. Recently, forging research and development has been actively conducted. This vitalization of research and development is intrinsically linked to the demand for lightweighting in terms of environmental and economical aspects, as well as the purpose of creating high value-added companies in accordance with the demand for higher quality.

Gravity casting and low pressure casting have low coagulation speed, low density due to shrinkage and gas defects, low mechanical properties for each part, and the difference is large. Die casting is very fast injecting during casting. It is used for casting of case types that require low mechanical properties, and the squeeze method is also restricted by the shape and thickness of products due to low mold temperature and fast injection speed. Due to the indirect pressurization method, the cost of mold production and machine production is high, which causes difficulties in price competitiveness and development and mass production.

As mentioned above, although gravity casting and low pressure casting are basically not restricted in shape, size, and product thickness, they are relatively high in mold temperature, melt temperature, and solidification time. Due to a decrease in density and a decrease in mechanical properties due to defects, a reduction in product weight due to light weight is not realized. Particularly, in the case of relatively large and complicated shape auto parts such as aluminum wheels for automobiles, it is not possible to meet the trend of light weight of the car, and thus it is not possible to escape backwardness of the parts. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the limitations of the existing construction methods are obvious, and the development of a new construction method is required.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a direct pressure molten metal forging apparatus for directly pressing the molten metal injected into the lower mold directly from the top to the second mold.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus capable of uniformly forming the deformation or density difference due to the local volume change occurring during the solidification process by forming a knock-out cylinder on the lower die portion and pressurizing it directly to finish. I will.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a direct pressurized melt forging apparatus which is composed of a lower mold part, a side mold, and a side holder, but is integrally linked to each other by consolidation.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a directly pressurized molten metal forging apparatus which does not require a conventional essential accessory such as a side cylinder for responding to the molten metal forging pressure by fixing the side holder coupled to the side mold to the lower plate with a rotatable connecting member. It is done.

In addition, according to the present invention, the lower mold part may be raised by the lower knock-out cylinder for demolding after the lower mold part is molded, and when the lower mold part is raised, the side mold fixed to the lower plate and the side of the link member of the side mold are rotated. The aim is to provide a direct pressurized melt forging device which opens the mold automatically and closes when descending.

The present invention is to provide a direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus including a riser tube for the injection of the molten metal is installed in two stages in order to prevent the generation of oxide due to the melting phenomenon during the injection of the molten metal and mixing in the product. will be.

An object of the present invention is to provide a direct pressure molten metal forging apparatus in which a product demolding means in the center of an upper die is formed in a ring shape (eject ring).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus which is excellent in productivity as well as excellent mechanical properties and light weight due to the fine and dense structure of the product.

Figure 1 is a schematic overall configuration of the present invention direct pressure melt forging device,

2 is a molten metal injection example according to the present invention,

Figure 3 is an exemplary view of the forging and molten metal forging according to the present invention,

4 is an exemplary view of a mold open state according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is an illustration of the lower type departure of the product according to the invention,

Figure 6 is an illustration of the product take-out state by the product receiving according to the present invention,

7 is a block diagram of a thermal insulation furnace according to the present invention,

8 is an enlarged configuration diagram of an upper mold state of the upper and lower mold parts and a side mold of the lower mold part opened according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

A: upper mold part B: lower mold part

1: lower plate 2: crown

3: slide table 5: lower support

8: main cylinder 9: lower knock-out cylinder

10: upper knock-out cylinder 11: auxiliary cylinder

12: hydraulic tank 16: upper plate

17: hydraulic valve 18: filtration membrane

19: riser tube 22: ladle for dosing

23: product receiving 28: gas treatment device

30: side holder fixing member 31: upper mold portion connecting member

32: side holder 33: lower mold portion connecting member

34: lower mold assembly member 35: knock out punch

40,43: link member 44: upper space

46: side mold 56: wedge

47: upper mold 48: lower mold

50: eject ring 51: thermal insulation furnace

52,53: eject plate 54: eject pin

55: heating device for keeping warm 56: fixing means

57: insulation pad 53, 54, 55: bulkhead

The direct pressurized melt forging of the present invention is performed by the direct pressurized melt forging apparatus according to the present invention. The direct pressurized molten metal forging apparatus of the present invention includes a main body including an upper body and a lower body coupled to a frame, a molten metal heating furnace, a transfer means including a ladle for quantitatively transferring the molten metal to a mold, and an operation control unit of a mold process. In the molten metal forging apparatus which consists of:

The upper body of the main body is provided with a hydraulic main cylinder (8) and the auxiliary cylinder (11) on the left and right sides of the main cylinder (8) in the center of the crown portion (2) of the upper center, the main cylinder (8) and the A slide table 3 is mounted to a lower portion of the auxiliary cylinder 11, and an upper knock-out cylinder 10 is coupled to a main cylinder 8 at the center of the slide table 3 and a lower portion of the slide table 3. An upper plate 16 is coupled to the upper plate 16, and an upper mold portion A including a demolding means is fastened to the upper plate 16 so that the upper mold portion A is lowered by the main cylinder 8. It is raised by the auxiliary cylinder 11.

The upper mold portion (A) is connected to the upper plate 16 fixed to the connection member 31; and the upper space 44 is fixed to the connection member 31; and coupled to the upper space 44 It consists of an upper mold (47) to be fixed and a product demolding means.

The product demolding means may include: eject plates 52 and 53 mounted to the upper knock-out cylinder 10; and eject pins 54 installed to the eject plates 52 and 53; and the upper knocks. The product release means of the center portion which is fastened to the bottom of the out cylinder 10 is characterized in that composed of a ring-shaped eject ring 50, the vent pin (54) adjacent to the eject pin (54) Not included).

On the other hand, the lower body of the main body is mounted on the lower knock-out cylinder (9) in the center of the lower support (5) and the lower plate (1) is fixed to the outer periphery, the fixing member 30 to the lower plate (1) ) Is fixed to the conventional fixing means 56, such as bolts or wedges, and the side holder 32 having the electric heating device 55 for thermal insulation is fixed to the fixing member 30, the lower knock-out The lower mold part B is fastened to the upper part of the cylinder 9.

The lower mold part B may include: a first assembly member 34 coupled to and fixed to an upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder 9; and a lower mold 48 coupled to and fixed to the first assembly member 34; and And a second assembly member 33 coupled to the lower mold 48 and a side mold 46 rotatably coupled to one side of the second assembly member 33.

The other side of the side mold 46 is fastened to the rotatable first link member 43, the first link member 43 is linked with the second link member 40, the second link member 40 is the It is linked with the side holder 32 fixedly coupled to the lower plate 1.

The lower mold part B of the present invention configured as described above is fixed to the upper part of the lower knock-out cylinder 9 and is not fixed to the lower plate 1 so that the lower mold part B may be separated from the lower plate 1 and raised and lowered. The side mold 46 is automatically opened when the lower mold part B is raised, and is automatically closed when the lower mold part B is raised, and the side holder 32 coupled to the lower plate 1 is fixed to the side mold 46. It is characterized in that it does not need an accessory such as a conventional side cylinder because it acts as a corresponding force to the pressure applied to the side mold 46 during close-up forging molten metal.

On one side of the central portion of the main body of the injection means of the riser tube 19 for injection, the transfer means of the ladle 22 for the fixed quantity injection of the molten metal is installed to enable the vertical movement and rotational movement by the control system and receive the product ( 23) The vehicle is provided separately.

The molten metal injector riser tube 19 according to the present invention is for preventing the occurrence of oxides due to the melting phenomenon during the injection of molten metal and at the same time filtering the oxides contained in the molten metal to prevent its incorporation into the mold. Disposable ceramic filtration membranes 18 are installed in two stages above and below the inside.

In addition, between the upper plate 16 and the connecting member 31 fixedly coupled thereto, between the lower plate 1 and the fixing member 30 fixedly coupled thereto, a thermal insulation pad 57 is installed, and The lower mold part is further provided with a cooling water spray system to connect the air cooling pipe to help the rapid cooling of the mold after molding, in particular for cooling the knock-out punch 35 of the lower mold part.

In addition, a normal molten metal heating furnace 51 is installed directly under the molten metal ladle 22 for carrying out the fixed quantity, and the molten metal heating furnace 51 is a gas treatment for removing gas mixture and precipitated oxide due to prolonged exposure of the molten metal. In addition to installing the device 28, the primary (25) having a melt flow passage intersecting the upper and lower sides to form a buffer space for removing vortices and sediment injuries generated during the replenishment of the molten metal in the molten metal heating furnace (51). ), Secondary (26), tertiary (27) partitions are provided.

Hereinafter, the action of the direct pressure melt forging device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, as an example, a mold for forming an aluminum alloy wheel for automobiles.

Figure 1 is a schematic overall configuration of the direct pressure melt forging device of the present invention, Figure 2 is an illustration of the melt injection in accordance with the present invention, Figure 3 is an illustration of the combination and melt forging according to the invention, Figure 4 Is an illustration of the open state of the mold according to the present invention, Figure 5 is an illustration of the lower mold release of the product according to the invention, Figure 6 is an illustration of the product take-out state by the product receiving according to the invention, Figure 7 8 is an enlarged block diagram of a mold forming state of the upper and lower mold parts and a side mold of the lower mold part opened according to the present invention.

First, the upper mold portion A is fastened to the upper plate 16 of the main body, and the lower mold 48 and the side molds are attached to the assembly members 33 and 34 fixed to the upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder 9. 46 and fasten the side holder 32 to the fixing member 30 fixed with the wedge 56 to the lower plate 1 coupled to the lower support 5 and the side mold 46 and the side holder. After linking the 32 with the link members 40 and 43, and then operating the main cylinder 8, the auxiliary cylinder 11, and the upper lower knock-out cylinders 10, 9, the initial upper mold part ( A) is opened and the lower mold part (B) is in a closed state, which is a start preparation step for the mold. In this state, the molten metal ladle 22 (see FIG. 2) located directly on the heat retaining furnace 51 shown in FIG. 7 is lowered until it detects the molten metal, and a predetermined amount of molten metal is set in advance in the controller (not shown). After filling it rises. At this time, the molten metal injection riser tube 19 heated by a heating device (not shown) is positioned at the injection position on the lower mold part B including the knock-out punch 35, as shown in FIG. 2. The molten metal ladle 22 is rotated to inject molten metal into the lower mold 48 through the molten metal riser tube 19. When the injection of the molten metal into the lower die 48 is completed, the molten metal ladle 22 and the molten metal riser tube 19 are returned to their original positions, and the upper die portion fastened to the upper plate 16. (A) is controlled by a control system of a control unit in which position control, speed control and pressure control are systematically set so that the upper mold part A including the eject ring 50 is lowered (0.4 to 40 mm / sec). 1) preliminarily preform the product by first directly pressing the melt filled in the lower mold 48, and secondly, pressurizing to a high pressure (35 kg / mm2) to maximize the forging effect of the melt.

Subsequently, additional pressurization is performed by the lower knock-out cylinder 9 in order to prevent the local volume change due to solidification in the third place. In this state, the mold is cooled by air supplied through a pipe connected to the upper and lower mold parts while maintaining the upper and lower pressures until the solidification is completed. After that, the main pressure is released according to the setting value of the setting timer of the controller, and the upper mold part A and the lower mold part () are opened by the knock-out cylinder 9 of the lower mold part B and the auxiliary cylinder 11 of the upper mold part. B) rises at the same time. As the lower die portion rises, the side dies 46 linked to each other are pulled by the link members 40 and 43 rotatably linked to the side holder 32 fixed to the lower plate 1 and are shown in FIG. 4. After opening as shown in the drawing, the upper mold portion A is raised, and as shown in FIG. 5, the product is demolded from the lower mold 48 and the product receiving 23 is advanced to be positioned below the upper mold portion. Subsequently, the eject ring 50 and the eject pin 54 operate at the same time as the upper knock-out cylinder 10 and the eject plates 52 and 53 coupled to the slide table 3 to operate on the upper mold 47. The attached product is detached and the upper mold 47 is raised to stop at the top dead center, the upper knock-out cylinder 10 is retracted, the main body is stopped, and the product receiver 23 is retracted to complete one mold process. Done.

In the molding process according to the direct pressure melt forging device of the present invention as described above, the upper mold is lowered to pressurize the molten metal filled in the lower mold, and directly press the first preliminary molding and the second high pressure forging, and pressurize the third pressure to the high pressure by the lower mold. It is characterized in that the aluminum alloy wheel for automobiles is only one embodiment and by applying a variety of replacement of the upper and lower molds can be molded in a molten non-ferrous metal of any shape, size and thickness with high productivity and high quality.

Comparing the direct pressure molten forging according to the present invention and the aluminum alloy (A356.2) wheel according to the existing low pressure casting is shown in Table 1 below.

division The present invention Conventional low pressure casting Tensile Strength (㎏ / ㎠) 28 to 32 22-26 Elongation (%) 8 to 15 3 ~ 8 Hardness (Brinel) 85 min 85 min Crystal grain (㎛) 25 to 35 60 to 68 Manufacturing cycle time (sec) 120 360

※ 1. Existing products used commercial samples as samples.

2. Tensile strength was measured according to KS B 0802 Metal Material Tension Test Method and KS B 0801 Metal Material Test Piece Making Method using UTS, Germany.

3. Hardness was measured according to KS B 0805 Brinell hardness test method using Brinell hardness tester of ALBERT GNEAM of Switzerland.

4. Crystal grains were measured using a metal microscope of OLYMPUS, Japan.

In the direct pressurized melt forging process of the present invention, the upper mold is lowered, and the conventional die which is directly dependent on the mold temperature simply by pressing down, preforming, and forging the high pressure over the entire surface of the molten metal injected into the lower mold and pressurizing it again by the lower mold. Not only is the forging effect superior to the indirect method, but the knock-out cylinder corresponding to the local volume change due to solidification is mounted on the lower part, and thus the forging effect is added. The lower mold, the side mold, and the side holder are integrally linked to each other so that they have a close and tight contact with each other due to the compactness and pressure.In particular, the side holder is wedge-fixed to the lower plate to act as a reaction against the upper and lower forging pressures. Therefore, a conventional side cylinder is unnecessary at the apparatus main body part. In addition, since the accessories are not necessary, the production cost of the machine and the mold are low and the performance is excellent, thereby reducing the cycle time required for the production (three times the productivity compared to the conventional low pressure casting method) and improving the elongation as well as high strength. It is possible to produce products with mechanical properties. In addition, there is an effect that can create a high value added without being limited by the complexity of the shape and thickness and the size of the entire product.

Claims (7)

A main body having an upper body and a lower body coupled to the frame; A molten metal heating furnace; Transfer means including a ladle 22 for quantitatively transferring the molten metal to the mold part; In the molten metal forging apparatus including a control unit, the main cylinder (8) and the auxiliary cylinder (11) is provided on the left and right sides of the main cylinder (8) at the center of the crown portion 2 of the upper center of the upper body portion A slide table 3 is mounted below the main cylinder 8 and the auxiliary cylinder 11, and an upper knock-out cylinder 10 is coupled to the main cylinder 8 at the center of the slide table 3. And an upper plate 16 is coupled to a lower portion of the slide table 3, and an upper mold portion A having a demolding means is fastened to the upper plate 16 so that the upper mold portion A is connected to the main plate. It is configured to descend by the cylinder (8) and ascend by the auxiliary cylinder (11), the lower body of the main body is equipped with a lower knock-out cylinder (9) in the center of the lower support (5) and the lower support of the outer periphery ( 5) on the lower playboard To the lower plate 1, and to the lower plate 1, the side holder 32 having the electric heating device 55 for thermal insulation is fixed to the lower plate 1, and the lower mold part on the upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder 9 (B) by fastening the lower die portion (B) by the lower knock-out cylinder (9) is configured to pressurize and lift up. According to claim 1, wherein the upper mold portion (A) is a coupling member 31 is fixed to the upper plate 16; and the upper space 44 is fixed to the coupling member 31; and the upper An upper mold (47) coupled and fixed to the space (44); and a demolding means, wherein the demolding means comprises eject plates (52) and (53) mounted on the upper knock-out cylinder (10); and the eject plate Direct pressure melt forging device, characterized in that consisting of the eject pin (54) installed in the 52, 53, and the eject ring (50) fastened to the lower portion of the upper knock-out cylinder (10). The lower mold part (B) of claim 1, wherein the first assembly member (34) coupled to and fixed to an upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder (9); and the lower mold coupled to and fixed to the first assembly member (34). A mold (48); and a second assembly member (33) fixedly coupled to the lower mold (48); and a side mold (46) rotatably coupled to one side to the second assembly member (33). The other side of the side mold 46 is fastened to the rotatable first link member 43, the first link member 43 is linked to the second link member 40, and the second link member 40 is It is rotatably coupled with the side holder 32 fixed to the lower plate 1, the lower mold portion (B) can be separated and lifted from the lower plate (1) and the lower mold portion (B) is raised when the side Direct pressure molten metal forging apparatus, characterized in that the mold 46 is configured to open and close when descending. The direct press type according to claim 1, wherein the side holder 32 is attached to the lower plate 1 in close contact with the side mold 46 so as to support the pressure applied to the side mold 46 during the forging of the molten metal. Molten forging device. 2. The molten metal injection riser tube (19) according to claim 1, further comprising a molten metal riser tube (19) mounted on the lower mold (48) and fed back by a transfer means installed at one side of the central portion of the main body to enable vertical movement and rotational movement. Direct pressure molten metal forging apparatus, characterized in that. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the molten metal riser tube (19) is provided in two stages with a ceramic filtration membrane (18) for filtration of an oxide which may be contained in the molten metal. The direct press molten metal forging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the upper die 47 and the lower die 48 are for manufacturing aluminum alloy wheels for automobiles.