KR20030044009A - Apparatus, and associated method, for forming a signal exhibiting space-time redundancy - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus 28 and a method for a transmitting station 12 operable in a communication system 10 having a communication channel subject to fading, such as quasi-static fading, are disclosed. The transmit diversity of the symbols transmitted by the transmitting station 12 is increased without requiring a corresponding increase in the bandwidth required to communicate the symbols.

Description

Apparatus, and associated method, for forming a signal exhibiting space-time redundancy}

Advances in communication technology have allowed the introduction and widespread use of wireless communication systems. Cellular communication systems as well as other ways of multi-user, wireless communication systems are formally used by large consumers to communicate voice and non-voice information.

The communication system is formed with a minimum number of transmitting and receiving stations interconnected by a communication channel. In a wireless communication system, the communication channel formed between the transmitting station and the receiving station is formed of a wireless channel defined as part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Since the wireless channel is used to form a communication link between the transmitting station and the receiving station, the conventional wired connection required in a wired communication system is eliminated. Through wireless, the use of a wireless communication system that communicates by wireless is permitted in places where the formation of a wired connection is impractical, and between the impractical places. In addition, because the need for wired connections between transmitting and receiving stations is eliminated, the infrastructure costs associated with the installation of a communication system are reduced compared to conventional wired communication systems.

Cellular communication systems are typical examples of wireless, multi-user radio communication systems. Cellular communication systems have been installed throughout a wide geographic area and have achieved widespread use. Cellular communication systems generally include a fixed network infrastructure installed throughout a geographic area surrounded by the communication system. Multiple fixed-site base stations are installed in selected locations throughout the geographic area. The fixed-site base stations are coupled to the public network, such as a public-switched, telephonic network (PSTN) via additional parts of the network infrastructure. Portable transceivers, referred to as mobile stations, communicate with base stations via wireless links.

Since the base stations are spatially spaced apart, only relatively low-power signals are required to be generated by the mobile base stations and the base stations to effect communication therebetween. As a result, cellular communication systems typically effectively utilize a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in which wireless channels are assigned. That is, because only low-power signals are required to be generated, the same wireless channels can be reused in other places throughout the geographic area surrounded by the communication system.

In an ideal communication system, the communication signal, when received at the receiving station, is substantially the same as the corresponding communication signal when transmitted by the transmitting station. However, in a non-ideal communication system in which a communication signal must be transmitted on a non-ideal communication channel, the signal is not similar to the corresponding communication signal when transmitted by the transmitting station when received at the receiving station. Distortion of the communication signal caused during propagation of the communication signal results in dissimilarity. If the distortion is quite large, the signal containing the information content cannot be correctly recovered at the receiving station.

Fading caused by multi-path transmissions, such as Raleigh fading, can change the bit values containing the information of the communication signal while the signal is being transmitted on the communication channel. For example, semi-static flat fading models the situation when the fading is flat at frequency and is constant for the duration of the associated block of transmit symbols, typically referred to as a frame. In contrast, fast flat fading models the situation when the fading is flat at frequency, but changes rapidly from one transmission symbol period to the next transmission symbol period. If the propagation distortion is not properly corrected, the communication quality level of the communication is reduced to a minimum.

Various techniques are used to overcome distortion introduced in a communication signal as a result of transmission on a communication channel that is not ideal.

Prior to signal transmission, the redundancy of the signal transmitted through the time encoding of the signal is sometimes used to prevent distortion introduced into the signal during signal transmission on the communication channel. By increasing the time redundancy of the signal, the likelihood that the information content of the signal once received at the receiving station can be returned. Introducing time redundancy into a signal is sometimes referred to as creating time diversity.

In addition, the use of spatial diversity is sometimes used to overcome distortions introduced in communication signals. Typically, spatial diversity refers to the use of more than an antenna converter as long as a signal is transmitted, thereby providing spatial redundancy. The antenna transducers must be separated at a distance large enough to ensure that the signals communicated at each antenna transducer fade in an irrelevant manner.

Spatial diversity and temporal diversity are sometimes used together, thereby further enhancing transmission diversity, which eliminates signal fading caused by, for example, multi-path transmission.

The combination of spatial coding and temporal coding further enhances transmit diversity, which eliminates signal fading caused by multi-path transmission. In some symbol periods, exactly one symbol is transmitted at each transmit antenna. Each transmitted symbol is selected from a constellation of signal points that characterizes the modulator associated with the particular antenna. The aggregates belonging to different transmit antennas may generally be different, but in practice it may be desirable to have the same signal aggregate for all transmit antennas. The particular aggregation points selected to be transmitted at other transmit antennas during any (multiple) transmissions are appropriately determined from the output symbols of the encoder. Lattice coding is sometimes used to perform space time coding. However, block coding is also valid. In the former case, the selection of constellation points starting from the output symbols of the encoder is determined by the structure referred to as the grating, which describes the transition between a given limited number of states. The states are some of the most recent symbols applied to the input of the grid encoder, for example tuples of bits. For example, if the input order consists of raw information bits, the grid reflects the most recent past history of the information bit order provided to the grid encoder, and the grid is in the output order of the symbols referred to as the coded symbol order. The conversion of the input order of the bits will be described. In addition, the encoded symbols may not be binary. The grid is represented by successive columns containing all valid states, and the development in time between states (in successive columns) is referred to as a transition. Each branch corresponds to a special combination of new input symbols while in a given state. A mapper is used to map each coded symbol to a signal aggregate point and to determine the modulation parameters for the carrier signal.

In the structure of the grid and the mapper, an important goal is to optimize how the labels are assigned to grid dividers, and to optimize the way the aggregate points are assigned to the symbols used in the grid divide labels. The optimality of assignment is characterized by a measure referred to as the distance between two different codewords. Ultimately, the distance is a determination of the physically meaningful possibility of the receiving station to mistake one codeword for another. The less chance of illusion, the better the performance of the space-time code used to perform the communication. In order to guarantee as much as possible the magnitude of the distance between two codewords, the sequence of points selected in the signal aggregate dictated by the grating during transmission must be carefully determined during the initial structure of the grating. One approach to doing this is to maximize the minimum of all possible distances between transmitted codeword pairs. To do this, codes are selected whose gratings are as large as possible mutual distances between the codewords. However, the distance spectrum is also important; If the distance rarely occurs, it may be possible to accept a small minimum distance.

One set of all signals that can be possibly selected during transmission at multiple transmit antennas, within a meaningful time interval and according to all possible patterns of input symbols, forms a space-time code. In conjunction with constructing the space-time code, the space-time code is executed as an encoder at the transmitting station and as a decoder at the receiving station. An important issue is to determine how to effectively select points from a given set of signals, such as in optimizing the overall performance of the transmission scheme. For example, performance is determined by Frame Error Probability (FEP).

However, the use of diversity to prevent the effects of fading generally increases the bandwidth requirements of the radio channel for communicating the information content of the communication signal to the receiving station. As bandwidth limitations on the communication channel of a wireless communication system as well as other communication systems limit the communication capacity of the system, efforts have also been made to limit the bandwidth requirements for information communication between a transmitting station and a receiving station. .

The increase in diversity of communication signals, which requires an increase in bandwidth consumption to communicate the communication signals as conventionally, contradicts a competitive goal of minimizing the amount of bandwidth required to communicate information between a transmitting station and a receiving station.

If a method can be provided for dividing an improved space-time redundancy into a communication signal without requiring an increase in the amount of bandwidth required to communicate a given amount of information between the transmitting station and the receiving station, then the amount of traffic at a given communication capacity will result. Is improved.

In light of the background art, a significant improvement of the present invention is the information related to the information communication between the transmitting station and the receiving station.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to data communication in quasistatic fading, such as a wireless channel through which data is transmitted (transmitted) during a cellular communication system, or a channel affected by other fading. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for facilitating data recovery once received at a receiving station by increasing the time diversity of the data communicated on the channel. Increased space-time redundancy is provided through operation of embodiments of the present invention without a corresponding increase in channel bandwidth needs (requirements).

1 shows a functional block diagram of a communication system in which an embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

FIG. 2 shows a graphical representation of a grid diagram illustrating the operation of a portion of the transmitting station of the communication system shown in FIG. 1.

The present invention advantageously provides an apparatus and method for increasing the transmit diversity of communicated information in a communication channel that is sensitive to quasi-static or fast fading. By increasing the transmit diversity of the data, recovery of the data once received at the receiving station is facilitated.

Increased space-time redundancy through the operation of embodiments of the present invention is introduced into data communicated in a communication channel without an increase corresponding to channel bandwidth requirements for communicating data between a transmitting station and a receiving station.

In one aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided to a transmitting station operable to transmit a communication signal indicative of the information to be communicated. At the transmitter, time diversity (redundancy) is given to the transmitted signal by channel-coding the symbols that form data to increase its redundancy.

In another aspect of the invention, modulated symbols are provided to two or more antenna transducers positioned in a manner that modulates channel-encoded symbols and provides spatial diversity of the signal transmitted by the transmitting station. An apparatus is provided. The symbols formed by the modulator are similar in size to those that may have been generated using only a single antenna converter connected to the modulator. In other words, the transmission rate is the speed of one value.

Thus, through operation of one embodiment of the present invention, a space-time code design provides for linear modulation of a method of achieving diversity of fading channels by performing spatial and temporal redundancy on data communicated to a transmitting station. do. The encoding is provided to both the transmitting station's time and the antenna transducers.

In one embodiment, an apparatus for a transmitting station operable in a cellular communication system, such as a transmitting section of a mobile station or a transmitting section of a base station, is provided. Time redundancy is given to the symbols communicated by applying the symbols to the channel encoder. A greater number of channel-coded symbols than the number of symbols applied to the channel encoder is mapped to a collection of modulator points that determine the transmitted signals after the mapping operation to the antenna converters of the transmitting station. Improved communication quality is facilitated by not increasing the bandwidth needed to communicate the symbols that form the data communicated by the transmitting station to the receiving station.

Thus, in the above or other aspects, an apparatus and method are provided for a transmitting station operable in a wireless communication system for transmitting data in a communication channel that is susceptible to distortion. The transmitting station has an antenna converter set consisting of at least one antenna converter in which data to be transmitted is converted into electromagnetic form. The data is placed in a form that facilitates communication on the communication channel. The modulator is coupled to receive a group of encoder output symbols. The encoder output symbols are encoded into data representations communicated in a communication channel. The modulator forms a modulated order that includes modulator output symbols. The modulator output symbols are such that the group of encoder output symbols corresponds to the number of encoder output symbols formed together with the number of antenna converters in which the antenna converter set is formed.

A more complete description of the invention and the scope of the invention can be obtained from the accompanying drawings briefly summarized below, from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and from the appended claims.

Referring first to FIG. 1, the communication system, indicated by reference numeral 10, performs data communication between a transmitting station 12 and a receiving station 14 via a communication channel 16. As shown in FIG. The transmitting station uses at least one transmitting antenna in the form of ensuring that signals from all transmitting antennas are not correlated with each other. Similarly, the receiving station uses at least one receive antenna. The communication channel is sensitive to fading and also requires channel coding for all transmit antennas anyway. Wireless channels with multi-path propagation are sometimes referred to as fading channels. For example, the channel may exhibit quasi-static fading.

The communication system 10 represents, for example, a cellular communication system in which the transmitting station 12 forms a transmitting section of a mobile station and the receiving station 14 forms a receiving section of a base station system. Although the description below for an exemplary implementation will be for an implementation where the transmitting station 12 forms a transmitting portion of the mobile station and the receiving station 14 forms a receiving portion of the base station system, the transmitting station 12 and receiving station ( 14 also similarly represents each of the transmitters and receivers of the base station system and mobile stations operable in a cellular communication system. Thus, the following description may instead be similar to the above operation. The transmitting stations and receiving stations also represent other types of communication systems and transmitting and receiving stations operable in wired and non-wired communication in which communication is realized in one or more parallel non-correlated channels. One embodiment of the present invention is also similarly operable in other manners of communication systems.

Transmitting station 12 is shown here as including a data source 22 that is a source of data that must be communicated by the transmitting station to the receiving station. For example, the data source includes voice data generated by a user of a mobile station of which the transmitting station is a part. Data source 22 also represents non-voice data as generated by the processing device. When a speech signal forms data generated by the data source, for example, suitable processing circuitry for source encoding is used to convert the speech signal into digital form.

Data generated by the data source 22 is applied to the channel encoder 24. The channel encoder is operated to encode the applied data according to the selected encoding scheme. The encoding scheme encodes the applied data to increase information redundancy of time (time diversity). The channel encoder generates encoder output symbols on line 26. Each encoder output symbol formed by the channel encoder fills a time period referred to herein as a (channel) encoder output symbol period.

The encoder output symbols are partly applied to a modulator 28 forming a symbol divider. The modulator is connected to a mapper / router 34. After applying one or more encoder output symbols to the modulator, exactly one aggregate point is selected from each of the signal aggregates associated with all transmit antennas in each symbol period while being transmitted simultaneously. This selection is indicated by indices indicating the appropriate modulation parameter values according to the corresponding modulation scheme used by all transmit antennas. In an exemplary implementation, a quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme is used, and the number of corrections of the encoder output symbols, at transmission, to one of four aggregate points defined in the QPSK aggregate. Is distributed. The modulator symbols to which the encoder output symbols are distributed are applied to a mapper / router 34. Mapper 34 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is operative to map the symbols applied to a set of one or more antenna transducers 36. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the set of antenna transducers comprises L _t antenna transducers 36-1, ..., 36-L _t . In an exemplary embodiment, the mapper consists of a serial-to-parallel converter that converts an applied serial symbol stream into parallel output symbols for application to the antenna converters. Mapper 34 is operative to map selected ones of symbols applied to the mapper through corresponding selected ones of antenna transducers 36-1, ..., 36-L _t . Like the amplification components and the up-conversion components, the conventional transmitting station circuit located between the modulator 28 and the antenna converters is not shown in the figure for simplicity.

Each antenna converter 36-1, ..., 36-L _t is operated to convert the provided symbols into electromagnetic form, thereby transmitting them to the receiving station 14 on a communication channel. The paths 42 and 43 associated with the antenna transducer 36-1 are shown in the figure. The paths are represented by multiple paths carrying electromagnetic signals sent to the receiving station. Because of the multiple, separate, transmission paths carrying the communication signals, the signal from each antenna converter is sensitive to fading. Fading experienced by signals from other antenna transducers lacks cross correlation; In other words, the fading process affecting signals from other antenna transducers is not correlated with each other.

The signals transmitted in paths 42 and 44 are sensed by an antenna converter 46 forming part of the receiving station 14. In an exemplary implementation, a single antenna converter is used. In an alternative implementation, the receiving station includes one or more antenna transducers. The antenna converter is operative to convert the received electromagnetic signals into electrical form, and to provide the electrical signal to a receiver circuit of a receiver of the receiving station. The receiving circuit includes a demodulator 50 that operates to perform a demodulation operation in an operation that is generally opposite to the operation of the channel encoder 24. The demodulated symbols are applied to a decoder 48 which decodes the applied symbols, which operate in a manner generally opposite to that of the channel encoder 24. In one embodiment, the decoder and demodulator are combined, and a joint demodulation and decoding operation is performed.

The additional circuit of the receiving station is not shown separately and is in fact a prior art. In an implementation where the receiving station 14 forms the receiving section of the base station system, if the signal is operated by the receiving station 14, the indication signals are via a public-switched, telephonic network (PSTN) 54. Is provided to the receiving station 52.

In operation, if the encoder output symbols are assigned by symbol divider 32, the encoder output symbols are applied to mapper 34 via line 33. The divider generates a codeword that can be considered to be the concatenation of all symbols transmitted by all antenna converters for one symbol period. The codeword, c, is defined as being formed of symbols applied to the mapper 34, and is represented by the following equation:

In the above equation:

L _t is the number of transmit antenna converters 36-1,..., 36 -L _t , that is, the number of antenna converters in which a set of antenna converters 36 are formed;

l is the length of the modulator symbol period block in which encoding is performed sequentially over all the transmit antennas;

k is the individual time instant at which a block of modulated output symbols subsequently encoded (over all transmit antennas) begins; And

Is a composite symbol from the composite signal aggregate belonging to the i < th > antenna transducer assigned by the symbol divider 32 transmitted at the time instant k in the antenna transducer 36-i.

In this specification, it is assumed that l ≧ L _t ; If not, the product discussed further below silver Should be replaced by

Further, the codeword c is represented in matrix form as the sign-matrix D _{c, k} as shown in the following formula:

In the matrix, the components are defined as described above.

Each column of the matrix represents composite symbols applied to an individual antenna, i.e., the first column represents composite symbols applied to the first antenna, the second column represents composite symbols applied to the second antenna, and L _t The first column indicates symbols applied to the L _t th antenna. The symbols indicated by the matrix k + l-1 are applied to each antenna while the block of modulation symbols are subsequently encoded. The matrix is the sign-matrix representation of the sign word c. The corresponding sign-matrix can be found to represent another codeword, such as codeword e. Further, a codeword difference matrix is formed by taking a component difference between code matrices D _e and D _{c in} which the difference matrix is also represented by columns and rows of complex symbols and also represented by one column per antenna converter. .

If each symbol transmitted from a transmit antenna is estimated to have energy E _S, then the energy transmitted by all L _t transmit antennas in one symbol period is L _t E _S. If the L _t -transmit antenna system is compared with a system using only one transmit antenna, the energy transmitted in each symbol period must be the same for a single transmit antenna system and multiple transmit antenna systems. In the above case, each antenna of multi-antenna systems (modulator) must be each aggregate must transmit symbol energy E _S / L and _t, E _S is replaced by _S E / L _t in the following equation for all.

In general, the signals received at receive antenna j and time t are:

If fading is assumed to be fast, then the corresponding time dependency, also the equation:

Continuous pulse-shaped symbols In the above equation Is a unit energy pulse; u (0) = 1, and Is the variance (variance) N _0/2 to zero mean complex Gaussian noise with (zero mean complex Gaussian noise) for each dimension. Subsequently, the pulse shape is assumed to be selected to be a negligible intersymbol interference (ISI), i.e. a complete response signal, and as a result is synchronized. The symbols are sampled at t = kT and the detector is expressed as follows.

It is usually Group with It is advantageous to And the indication below is:

It is used in successive examples with the well-known auto-correlation function

We have the formula

The single receive antenna assumption simplifies the above formula as follows.

The disclosed sign represents a significant performance improvement in both quasi-static (block) fading and fast fading. Block fading Denotes a constant for one codeword period or one symbol period, but block fading changes from one codeword to another. In essence, the ranking criteria relate to quasi-static fading in that it determines the diversity level. For fast fading, an important parameter when it comes to diversity is the symbol Hamming distance.

If the fading is assumed to be quasi-static, then

In matrix form, , The subscript k is missing in this formula, Is used. Obviously, when fading is non-correlated in other transmit antennas, Is an iid zero mean complex Gaussian with variance E _S. Typically, the probability Pr {D _c of the receiver decoding the code matrix D _c when D _e is actually transmitted. It is known that D _e }, in the case of quasi-static fading, is hopped up by an amount with a complete channel estimate.

In the above formula Is the usual representation of the real part of the independent variable, the superscript "H" represents the conjugated transposition, and D _ec = D _e -D _c is the sign difference matrix for the codewords e and c.

Perfect CSI, Pr ₁ (D _c L _t -transmit-antenna Rayleigh fading with D _e ) is made as small as possible while estimating certain conditions. The conditions above, for all pairs D _c , D _e ∈ C, are Euclidean square distance Is made as large as possible, and the non-square matrices D _ec In which it acts as unitary matrices up to some proportional factors.

The suboptimal signs indicate that the main diagonal components Matrix as close as possible to the row-wise sum of the absolute values of the main diagonal components as small as possible for each row Must be characterized by

The following is a direct result of the above description.

It is assumed that L = L _t is divided by l. D _c , D _e , D _{ec cause} the block vector, i.e., its entries, to be viewed as (L / L) × 1, which is the L × L submatrices with components in the modulator assemblies s. Some code matrices can be regarded as a block L × L sub-matrix formed through a lattice of 1 / L sequences, the divisions of which are L modulator symbol periods, each represented by a valid L × L sub-matrix. . The path through the grid is selected as a function of the current state and as a block of new input symbols. And the difference sign matrices belonging to the Error Event Path (EEP) of length k ≦ k 'transition (KL modulator symbol) are as large as possible for k' in proposition 1 and possible for k> k ' It must be optimized to be close to optimal. A typical Alamouti transmit diver, referred to as the Alamouti's scheme, for an L _t = 2 transmit antenna based on the Herwitz-Radon (HR) transform-does. The city scheme is in accordance with the above summary and for implementing the criteria discussed herein; It provides a simple means to simply add to the output of the encoder, mapper, from the encoded symbols followed by the HR transform to the aggregate points. Similarly, space-time block codes structurally follow the proposition.

An improved space-time modulator is provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The modulator is operable in an environment exhibiting quasi-static fading. Quasi-static fading is particularly relevant because of its association with the underlying concept of the possibility of disability. The design of the proposed space-time code follows the criteria formulated above.

In addition, a new grid space-time code is provided for 4PSK and L _t = 2 transmit antennas which also follow the criteria formulated above.

FIG. 2 shows a grid diagram 70 with forked labels listed and indicated as reference number 72 (as shown) on the left. The splitting labels are grouped into four tuples corresponding to four parallel transition groups in each state and represent the subscript indices of the matrices C _i (i = 0, ..., 31). The matrices are each 2x2 matrices.

Entries C _i (i = 0, ..., 31) indicate the index of composite points in the 4PSK collection. Each C _i defines the 4PSK symbols as being transmitted at L = 2 transmit antennas for two consecutive symbol periods. As a result, each lattice divergence covers two consecutive 4PSK symbol periods, which constitute something similar to Multiple Trellis-Coded Modulation (MTCM) in two adjacent symbol periods. However, the square Euclidean distance between any two matrices selected from 32 matrix C _i is generally not proportional to the square Euclidean distance between their respective first columns. Using this fact, it is easy to know that the space-time grid shown in FIG. 1 is not an MTCM grid code.

In the case of one receive antenna, FIG. 2 shows the average frame error likelihood curve for the grid space-time code, with the same spectral efficiency of Albituti's scheme and quasi-static fading and 2 bits per second per second. [27]-in compares two different grid space-time codes from everything.

Dispensed (assigned) split labels were selected to verify that a given number of states are shown in FIG. 1 with the transmission.

The minimum Euclidean distance between two branches (arriving) leaving a given state is maximized. Has the same eigenvalues for all the difference sign matrices D _ec corresponding to EEPs of length k ≦ 2 (ie up to 4 4PSK).

The two eigenvalues of Is balanced and given for all EEPs of length k = 3 where P > Thus, the square Euclidean distance between the EEP of length k = 3 (6 4PSK symbol periods) and the corresponding correction path is at least 16.

The symbol hamming distance between any two parallel transitions is two, which ensures diversity of two at fast fading.

In operation, the symbols guaranteed by the symbol divider form a serial symbol stream of symbols that is encoded in a way that overcomes fading when transmitted on a communication channel. When routed to and converted from antenna converters, the bandwidth required to communicate symbols in multiple antenna converters is more than the bandwidth required to communicate non-space-time-coded symbols in a single antenna converter. not big.

In this way, a method is provided to ensure that transmission of signals generated during operation of the transmitting station 12 best represents maximum transmit diversity in fading. Maximum diversity is better, when received at the receiving station 14, is recoverable.

The preferred description has been in the preferred examples for practicing the invention, and therefore the scope of the invention should not be limited by the above description. The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (20)

A transmitting station operable in a wireless communication system for transmitting data in a communication channel that is susceptible to distortion, the transmitting station having an antenna converter set formed of at least one antenna converter in which data to be transmitted is converted into an electromagnetic form, and the data As an improvement on an apparatus for putting a into a form to facilitate communication in the communication channel, the apparatus comprises: A modulator coupled to receive a group of encoder output symbols, the encoder output symbols encoded into a representation of the data communicated in the communication channel, the modulator forming a modulation order of modulator output symbols, the modulator output Wherein the number of symbols corresponds to the number of encoder output symbols in which a group of encoder output symbols is formed together with the number of antenna modulators on which the antenna modulator set is formed. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of modulator output symbols forming a modulated order of modulator output symbols corresponds to a product of the number of encoder output symbols and the number of antenna converters. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the modulated order of the modulator output symbols includes a serially generated order. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a router coupled between the modulator and the set of antenna transducers, the router configured to route selected ones of the modulator output symbols to at least one antenna transducer of the set of antenna transducers. And optionally operable. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the set of antenna transducers comprises a first antenna transducer and at least a second antenna transducer, the router configured to generate the serially generated sequence in which the modulated sequence formed by the modulator is formed. And a serial-to-parallel converter for converting into first and at least second parallel order for application in at least a second antenna converter. The modulator of claim 1, wherein the modulator communicates the coded output symbols when the modulated order formed in the communication channel is converted by a single antenna converter when converted on the communication channel by the set of antenna converters. And a space-time modulator exhibiting a unit modulation rate such as representing a bandwidth substantially corresponding to a required bandwidth. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the modulated order formed by the modulator forms a Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) -modulation order. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the encoder output symbols applied to the modulator comprise channel-encoded symbols encoded in a manner to generate time redundancy with data in which the encoder output symbols appear. 2. The code matrix of claim 1, wherein the modulated order of the modulator output symbols includes a plurality of order portions, the plurality of order portions defining a codeword in consecutive rows defined by a code matrix connected together. Arranged to form columns of the device. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the data transmitted in the communication channel in the wireless communication system is transmitted to a receiving station, and further refinement of the apparatus for the receiving station to receive indications of the data once received at the receiving station. And a demodulator coupled to said demodulator for demodulating said indications. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the indications of the data that the demodulator is combined to receive comprise channel-decoded indications. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the demodulator performs joint demodulation and decryption operations. A method for transmitting data by a transmitting station operable in a wireless communication system on a communication channel susceptible to distortion, the transmitting station having an antenna converter set formed of at least one antenna converter in which data to be transmitted is converted into electromagnetic form; In an improvement of the method for putting the data into a form for facilitating communication in the communication channel, the method further comprises: Providing a group of encoder output symbols to a modulator, wherein the encoder output symbols are represented by data communicated in the communication channel; And Forming a modulated order of modulator output symbols in the modulator, wherein the number of modulator output symbols is formed together with the number of antenna modulators on which the antenna modulator set is formed And corresponding to the number of output symbols. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the number of modulator output symbols formed during operation of the forming step corresponds to a product of the number of encoder output symbols and the number of antenna converters. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the modulated order of the modulator output symbols formed during operation of the forming step comprises a serially generated order. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of routing selected ones of the modulator output symbols to at least one antenna converter of the set of antenna converters. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the set of antenna transducers comprises a first antenna transducer and at least a second antenna transducer, and the act of defining the path comprises first and at least the serially generated sequence in which the modulated order is formed. And converting to a second parallel order. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the modulated order formed during operation of the forming step communicates the encoded output symbols when converted by a single antenna converter when converted by the set of antenna converters in the communication channel. Representing a bandwidth substantially corresponding to the required bandwidth. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the modulated order formed during the operation of the forming step comprises a plurality of order portions, wherein the plurality of order portions define a codeword in successive rows defined by a code matrix connected together. And arranged to form columns of the sign matrix. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: transmitting the modulated symbols to a receiving station in the communication channel; And demodulating the modulated symbols once received at the receiving station.