KR200258340Y1 - Photodymaminc therapy apparatus using soid state laser - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a PDT photodynamic therapy device using a solid state laser to treat malignant tumors and a treatment method using the therapy device. The photodynamic therapy device is a power supply device for supplying power required to drive a pump, which is a laser oscillator Wow; A pump including a pulse flash lamp for generating light and an active element for generating a laser of a predetermined wavelength using light from the flash lamp, the pump for generating a laser of a predetermined wavelength necessary for the treatment of malignant tumors; A first light resonance reflector for reflecting and amplifying the laser generated by the pump, and a fifth rotation reflector for reflecting the laser light reflected from the first light resonance reflector to the crystallite of barium nitrate (Ba (NO 3) 2); Wow; A barium nitrate crystal which receives the laser reflected through the fifth rotating reflector, converts the wavelength into a predetermined wavelength, and sends the laser to a lithium fluoride (LiF) crystal; A lithium fluoride crystal which receives a laser beam passing through the barium nitrate crystal side and changes the wavelength to a predetermined wavelength; KTP (potassium titanium phosphate) crystals, which convert the laser beam passing through the lithium fluoride crystals into wavelengths necessary for the treatment of malignant tumors; Third and fourth reflection rotating mirrors which give only necessary laser light among lasers having a predetermined wavelength passing through the KTP crystals; And a condenser lens for condensing laser light from the third and fourth reflective rotating mirrors and irradiating the affected area directly through an optical fiber or using an endoscope. After administering HPD, a blood product that accumulates more in malignant tumor tissue than in normal tissue, to the tumor tissue lesion of a patient, a laser having an energy level that is not harmful to the human body generated in the PDT photodynamic therapy device configured as described above is used. HPD is accumulated in the tumor tissue and the reactive oxygen is generated by HPD chemical reaction to necrosis the lipid of tumor tissue cells to necrosis tumor tissue.

Description

PHIDDYMAMINC THERAPY APPARATUS USING SOID STATE LASER}

The present invention relates to PDT (PhotoDynamic Theraphy), and in particular, each of the illuminated standard endoscopes includes a laser-inducing optical fiber, and the human body is administered a blood drug HPD (HematoPorfilin Derivative) to inject the laser into the tumor. The method of irradiation allows more accurate treatment of malignant tumors (cancers) without necrosis of normal cells.

Most of the malignant tumor laser optical therapies developed to date are injected with HPD, which accumulates more in tumor tissue than in normal tissue, through the vein of the patient, and the Gold Vapor Laser with a wavelength of 628 nm in the accumulated tumor area. When the beam is irradiated, the treatment site (tumor site) where HPD is accumulated is activated by the dye laser beam, and the HPD reacts photodynamically to produce a single-state oxygen (singlet oxygen), which is a cytotoxic agent. By destroying the cells, the malignant tumor is treated. In general, the blood product HPD is used in the range of 440-650nm, but in the blood of the human body operates between 605nm ~ 630nm. At this time, the first absorption band is 630 nm, and a laser has been mainly developed for this part. The reason for using gold vapor lasers is that this band is automatically generated when using gold vapor. The use of solid crystals (crystals) can produce 608 nm, which is the second absorption band. However, in the case of using a gold vapor laser, the gold vapor tube has to be replaced continuously after the gold vapor has reacted. If the crystal is used as a solid laser, it becomes a semi-permanent device unless there is a crack. In addition, most gas or liquid lasers require 1 to 2 hours of warm-up time, which is the time it takes to warm up the tube. However, the solid state laser generates pulses at the same time as power is applied.

Optical tumor therapy using this principle is a complete response, starting within 24 hours after the light treatment, with a mass of facilitating mass in the light field or tumor necrosis identified by biopsy. This means that the treatment progresses to necrosis within 24 hours.

In addition, the drugs used in the conventional optical treatment methods include a typical fort, photoph (phtogam) and the like, and the red laser beam generator used here is a helium, neon laser or the laser wavelength is generated at 632.8nm Adjustable dye lasers, emitting between 631-635 nm, have become an effective alternative to arclamps.

On the other hand, there is a laser treatment using malignant tumors, such as a needle and an optical fiber, and after local anesthesia, the tumor site is confirmed by ultrasound, and after inserting the needle and inserting a plurality of optical fibers connected to the branching device into each needle, When the laser generator is operated with the needle protruded about 2mm outward, the laser generated by the laser generator is diverged into several places (usually four places) through the branching device, and through each optical fiber to the tumor site. Since it is irradiated for a predetermined time, the tumor within a predetermined range (about 5cm in diameter) is necrotic.

However, when treating a malignant tumor with such a therapeutic device, since the necrotic site is local in practice, it is impossible to expect a cure for metastatic cancer, and since the lesion cannot be accurately identified by ultrasound, an attempt is made for microcancer. Not only can it be done, but if it is treated incorrectly, there are problems such as necrosis of normal tissues around the tumor.

Therefore, the present invention was derived to solve the conventional problems as described above, by intravenous injection of a blood drug HPD to accumulate in malignant tumors and built-in optical fiber that delivers the laser to various standard endoscopes with illumination laser The purpose of the present invention is to provide a PDT photodynamic therapy device using a solid laser and a treatment method using the device, which enables HPD to be irradiated to a distributed tumor site through an optical fiber.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lighting device, a camera and a monitor, and various standard endoscopes in which a tube is inserted into a predetermined part of the human body; A power supply device for supplying electric power for driving a pump, such as a laser oscillator; A pump including a pulse flash lamp for generating light and an active element for generating a laser of a predetermined wavelength using light from the flash lamp, the pump for generating a laser of a predetermined wavelength necessary for the treatment of malignant tumors; A first light resonance reflector for reflecting and amplifying the laser generated by the pump, and a fifth rotation reflector for reflecting the laser light reflected from the first light resonance reflector to the crystallite of barium nitrate (Ba (NO 3) 2); Wow; A barium nitrate crystal which receives the laser reflected through the fifth rotating reflector, converts the wavelength into a predetermined wavelength, and sends the laser to a lithium fluoride (LiF) crystal; A lithium fluoride crystal which receives a laser beam passing through the barium nitrate crystal side and changes the wavelength to a predetermined wavelength; KTP (potassium titanium phosphate) crystals, which convert the laser beam passing through the lithium fluoride crystals into wavelengths necessary for the treatment of malignant tumors; Third and fourth reflection rotating mirrors which give only necessary laser light from among lasers of a predetermined wavelength passing through the KTP crystals; It can achieve by condensing the laser light from the said 3rd and 4th reflection mirrors, and condensing a lens to irradiate a affected part directly through an optical fiber or using an endoscope.

In addition, the PDT photodynamic therapy device using the solid state laser, the energy meter for receiving a portion of the laser light passing through the fourth reflection rotating mirror to measure the energy of the laser light, and based on the result measured by the energy meter When the energy meter measures that the central processing unit controls the operation of the used PID photodynamic therapy device and the laser light irradiated to the affected area through the optical fiber or endoscope is out of a predetermined setting value, the laser light is controlled under the control of the central processing unit. It has a safety shutter to block.

Therefore, after administering a blood product HPD through the patient's vein to accumulate in malignant tumor cells, the body of various standard endoscopes is correctly inserted in the area to be treated and the pump is driven to generate the laser generated from the pump. Since the tumor is irradiated to the tumor site through the optical fiber and the HPD is activated, oxygen is activated inside the tumor and the tumor is necrotic by the action of exiting to the outside.

1 is a block diagram of the device of the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1. Optical fiber 2. Condensing lens

3. 4 3rd, 4th reflective rotating mirror 5. Energy meter

6. KTP crystal 7. First optical resonance reflector

8. Second optical resonance output reflector 9. Iridium fluoride crystal

10. Flashlight and Laser Rod Housing

11. Laser rod 12. Pulse pumping lamp

13. Barium Nitride Crystal 14. Safety Shutter

15. Fifth rotating reflector 16. CPU

17. Cooling system 18. Power source

Hereinafter, described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 1, the PDT treatment device using the solid state laser of the present invention predetermines the pulse flash lamp 12, which is a pulse pumping lamp for generating light having a predetermined vibration energy, and light from the pulse flash lamp. A pump 10 as a laser generator having a laser rod 11 as an active element for generating a laser of a wavelength and generating a laser having a predetermined wavelength necessary for the treatment of malignant tumors;

A power supply unit (18) for supplying electric power necessary for the pump as the laser generator;

A cooling device (17) for preventing overheating of the pulse flash lamp which is the pulse pumping lamp of the pump;

A first optical resonance reflector (7) in the form of a convex lens for reflecting and amplifying a laser of a predetermined wavelength generated by the pump as the laser generator;

A fifth rotating reflector 15 which receives and reflects again the laser light reflected by the first optical resonance reflector;

A barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) crystal 13 which receives laser light reflected by the fifth rotating reflector and converts and outputs the wavelength of the laser light by using Raman Scattering;

Q-switching lithium fluoride (Lif) crystals (9) for converting wavelengths and converting and outputting laser light output from the nitrate mule crystals through Q-switching;

A second light resonance output reflector (8) for converting wavelengths and reflecting and removing only unconverted wavelengths among laser light output from the lithium fluoride crystal to output only the converted wavelengths;

Nonlinear KTP (Potassium Tytanil Phosphate; KTiOPO ₄ ) crystals (6) for converting the wavelength of the Q-switching lithium fluoride crystal and outputting the laser light passing through the output mirror at a predetermined wavelength;

Second and third reflection rotating mirrors (3, 4) for reflecting only a predetermined wavelength output from the nonlinear KTP crystals;

An absorption energy meter 5 for absorbing some laser light passing through the fourth reflection rotating mirror 3 and measuring output;

A central processing unit (16) for receiving the output from the absorbed energy meter to control the overall operation of the malignant tumor treatment device;

A safety shutter 14 for blocking the laser light reflected from the fifth rotating reflector under the control of the central processing unit when the laser light measured by the absorption energy meter is out of a predetermined limit;

A focusing lens 2 is constructed that focuses the reflected light from the fourth mirror and irradiates malignant tumor cells directly through an optical fiber cable or using an endoscope.

Looking at the operation of the treatment device using a solid laser of the present invention as follows.

First, when electric power is supplied to the pulsed flash lamp 12 which is a pulse pumping lamp through the power supply device 18, the pulsed flash lamp generates pulsed light, and the laser sealed active element 11 receives the laser light. Will be generated. In this case, the laser-sealed active element uses YAG: Nd + 3, which generates a laser of 1064 nm wavelength, and YAP: Nd + 3, which generates a laser of 1079 nm, which is similarly used, and in the case of the present invention, For example, since YAP: Nd + 3 is used, the laser rod 11 generates a laser having a wavelength of 1079 nm. One end of the laser rod is provided with a first light resonance reflector 7 in the form of a convex lens for reflecting, amplifying and exciting light in a quasi laser state generated in the laser rod. The laser light output from the laser rod goes to the fifth rotating reflector 15 having a reflection coefficient of R = 99.9% at a wavelength of 1060 to 1220 nm. The laser light reflected and amplified by the first light resonance reflector 7 and reflected back from the laser rod to the fifth rotating reflector 15 passes through the barium nitrate crystal 13. The laser light of 1079 nm passing through barium nitrate is converted to a wavelength of 1216 nm by Raman Scattering, and then passes through the Q-switching lithium fluoride crystal 9. The 1079 nm laser light passing through the Q-switching lithium fluoride crystal converts the laser light into pulse waves by Q-switching of 1216 nm. The converted laser light passes through the second light resonance output reflector. Of the laser light passing through the second light resonance output reflector 8, only the laser light wavelength-converted to 1216 nm passes, and the laser light of 1079 nm without wavelength conversion is blocked. The light passing through the second light resonance output reflector 8 is converted into a laser of 608 nm while passing through the nonlinear KTP crystal 6. The laser thus converted passes through the third and fourth reflection mirrors, removes the unconverted 1216 nm wavelength and outputs only the laser having a wavelength of 608 nm. The laser light thus output is collected through the condenser lens 2 and irradiated to malignant tumor cells of the patient directly or through an endoscope through an optical fiber (not shown).

In addition, in the PDT photodynamic therapy device using the solid state laser of the present invention, the fourth reflection rotating mirror is configured to pass about 1% of the laser light, and the 1% laser light passing through the fourth reflection rotating mirror is transmitted. The energy meter 5 receives and measures the energy magnitude of the laser light and outputs the result to the CPU 16. Therefore, if the laser light output through the condenser lens 2 is large enough to damage not only the tumor site but also the normal site outside the predetermined safety range, the energy meter measures the size and the result is the central processing unit. (6), the central processing unit 6 operates the safety shutter 14 in accordance with a pre-built program to block the laser light. Therefore, since the energy meter always measures the energy of the laser light, even if there is excessive laser light output, the safety shutter 14 immediately cuts off the laser light, and excessive laser light is irradiated to the normal affected part of the patient, thereby damaging the normal affected part of the patient. You can prevent it from happening. Although not limiting the present invention, the laser power of the device of the present invention has a treatable range of 200 mW up to 1 W with an average of 500 mW. In the case of the safety shutter, the central processing unit is controlled, and the central processing unit connected to the power supply unit, the optical unit of the present invention and the cooling system, etc. It detects an error and activates a safety shutter that blocks the laser beam. In other words, when the laser is generated, the shutter is activated and the cutoff value is about 1W.

Such a method of using the PD treatment device using the solid laser of the present invention is as follows.

First, when treating a malignant tumor (cancer) site of a patient using the malignant tumor treatment device of the present invention, first, HPD (HematoProfilin Derivative), a blood product that accumulates more in the tumor tissue area than normal tissue, is injected into the vein of the patient. It is injected and administered through. When the blood product HPD is administered into the patient's body, the blood product HPD administered in the patient's blood after a predetermined time is less effective or excreted in vitro, but the HPD accumulates more in the malignant tumor site. Therefore, HPD is present only at the site of malignancy of the patient. Then, a laser of wavelength 608nm is generated in a manner of operating the PDT photodynamic therapy device using the YAP: Nd ⁺³ solid state laser described above to irradiate the malignant tumor site where HPD is accumulated. Then, the laser of this wavelength causes the HPD to chemically generate free radicals, which destroy the lipids of the malignant tumor cells and necrosis the tumor.

In other words, the generation and action of these free radicals is briefly explained by the fact that humans mainly rely on carbohydrates and fat metabolism to provide enough energy (ATP) for human survival and activity. It produces much more energy, especially fat, which must be oxidized in the cell to be used as an energy source. As such, humans cannot live without supplying oxygen to cells. However, in the process of oxygen metabolism in the body for the production of energy, free radicals called harmful oxygen or free radicals are generated as by-products.

Free radicals are substances that have unpaired electrons, which are very reactive and have a very short lifespan, whereas normal oxygen stays in our bodies for about 100 seconds or more, whereas superoxide (O ₂ ) and hydroxyl oxy Harmful oxygen, such as hydroxyl oxygen, is produced and lost for one million to one billionth of a second. In such a short time, harmful oxygen causes peroxidation of lipids, which are the main components of cell membranes, to destroy cell membranes, to disrupt signaling systems, and to destroy red blood cells.

As described above, when 608 nm laser is irradiated to the HPD accumulated in the malignant tumor site, the HPD causes chemical reaction to generate free radicals, and the free radicals necrosis the malignant tumor cells to remove the tumor.

In this case, since the laser irradiated part is irradiated with a laser having energy that is not harmful to the human body in advance, not only does the thermal injury occur to normal tissues due to laser irradiation, but also active oxygen is generated only at the HPD accumulated part. Because of the necrosis of malignant tumor cells that generate free radicals due to the chemical reaction of HPD by laser, it has no effect on normal cells. In addition, since the laser has no effect on normal tissues, it can irradiate a wide range of areas beyond the suspected cancer, and by irradiating such a wide area, the laser is also irradiated to fine metastatic malignant tissues away from the malignant tumors. As a result, active oxygen is generated and necrosis of the tumor tissue even in this micro metastatic malignant tumor tissue in which HPD is accumulated, so that even a fine tumor tissue that can not be detected without close examination can be treated.

In the treatment of malignant tumors, a general endoscope equipped with a lighting device and a camera may be installed and used with an optical fiber for inducing laser light. Therefore, it is possible to select and use a standard endoscope of the desired form according to the desired area to be treated, there is no need to produce a separate endoscope for treatment.

As described above, after administering the blood product HPD through the vein of the patient according to the present invention, after a certain time after the HPD disappears in normal tissues and accumulates HPD only in malignant tumor tissues, YAP: Nd Generating laser light with a wavelength of 608 nm as a ⁺³ laser and irradiating it to the site of malignant tumor tissue using an optical fiber or an endoscope, HPD accumulated in the malignant tumor tissue causes a chemical reaction to generate an active coral that necrosis the lipids of the cell tissue. To necrosis of malignancy.

In addition, since the laser treatment device of the present invention generates and irradiates a laser having an energy level that does not harm the human body, it is possible to irradiate a wide range of areas including malignant tumor tissues, so that microtransitions generated from the center of the malignant tumor tissues are generated. Cancer can also be investigated. Therefore, since the micro-cancer can be detected without a close examination, the effect of the treatment is great, and it is possible to prevent normal tissue laceration due to laser irradiation.

Claims (2)

The malignant tumor is provided with the pulse flash lamp 12 which is the pulse pumping lamp which generate | occur | produces the light which has predetermined vibration energy, and the laser rod 11 as an active element which generate | occur | produces the light from the said pulsed flash lamp with the laser of predetermined wavelength. A pump 10 as a laser generator for generating a laser of a predetermined wavelength required for the treatment of; A power supply unit (18) for supplying electric power necessary for the pump as the laser generator; A cooling device (17) for preventing overheating of the pulse flash lamp which is the pulse pumping lamp of the pump; A first optical resonance reflector (7) in the form of a convex lens for reflecting and amplifying a laser of a predetermined wavelength generated by the pump as the laser generator; A fifth rotating reflector 15 which receives and reflects again the laser light reflected by the first optical resonance reflector; A barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) crystal 13 which receives laser light reflected by the fifth rotating reflector and converts and outputs the wavelength of the laser light by using Raman Scattering; Q-switching lithium fluoride (Lif) crystals (9) for converting wavelengths and converting and outputting laser light output from the nitrate mule crystals through Q-switching; A second light resonance output reflector (8) for converting wavelengths and reflecting off unconverted wavelengths among laser light output from the lithium fluoride crystal and outputting only wavelength converted light; Nonlinear KTP (Potassium Tytanil Phosphate; KTiOPO ₄ ) crystals (6) for converting a wavelength of the Q-switching lithium fluoride crystal and outputting laser light having passed through a second light resonance output reflector at a predetermined wavelength; Second and third reflective rotating mirrors (3, 4) for reflecting only a predetermined wavelength among wavelengths output from the nonlinear KTP crystals; An absorption energy meter (5) which absorbs 1% of the laser light that has passed through the third reflective rotating mirror and measures the energy of the laser light; A central processing unit (16) for receiving the output from the absorbed energy meter to control the overall operation of the malignant tumor treatment device; A safety shutter 14 for blocking the laser light reflected from the fifth rotating reflector under the control of the central processing unit when the laser light measured by the absorption energy meter deviates from a predetermined limit; A PD laser photodynamic therapy device comprising a condenser lens (2) for collecting light reflected from a third reflection rotating mirror and irradiating malignant tumor cells directly through an optical fiber cable or using an endoscope. The laser rod of claim 1, wherein the laser rod is a YAP: Nd + 3 solid-state laser that generates laser light having a wavelength of 1079 nm, and the bar nitrate crystals convert 1079 nm wavelength to 1216 nm wavelength by Raman scattering, and the lithium fluoride crystal is Q-. Switching converts a 1216nm wavelength into a pulsed wave, and the nonlinear KTP crystals convert the wavelength of 1216nm into 608nm, PDID photodynamic therapy device using a solid laser.