KR20010087126A - An incinerator and an incineraion method using heat generated from combustion to bake and sublimate waste to produce gases using as fuel for the burning - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an incineration apparatus and an incineration method that burns and sublimes waste to produce combustion gases and uses the heat generated from the combustion. This incineration apparatus is configured to release flammable gas from the waste to be used as fuel in the gas combustion chamber without using heat generated from the gas and performing other types of fuel when performing the baking process in the combustion chamber. Burned waste is burned in the combustion chamber until it is charcoal, during which the ash is removed continuously and more waste is fed into the combustion chamber. By this process, high temperatures and low contamination rates are achieved, and the cost of incineration can also be reduced.

Description

An incinerator and an incineration method that burns and sublimates waste to produce combustion gases and uses the heat generated from the combustion. BURNING}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the complete combustion of waste and process control prior to combustion, and more particularly to an incineration apparatus that burns and sublimes waste to generate combustion gases and uses the heat generated from the combustion.

The development of the incinerator began with a single compartment incinerator consisting of a combustion chamber that injects fuel mixed with air into a chamber filled with waste. In recent years, this kind of small incinerators are still used in factories and hospitals. One problem with such incinerators is that contaminants are incompletely burned because the temperature in the combustion chamber is low, approximately 400-500 ° C. This low temperature is due to heat loss in the combustion chamber by evaporation that occurs before the waste is dried and combusted. Due to this energy loss, later incinerator models consist of two separate combustion chambers, a waste combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber. This added gas combustion chamber will form combustible gases resulting from the combustion of the waste at high temperatures and will burn the waste more completely. Recently, a double chamber incinerator has a waste combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber completely separated from each other. In a waste combustion chamber, the heat generated will dry the waste and release flammable gases. Reactions that occur in both combustion of already dried waste and in the release of flammable gases and heat will be used in subsequent evaporation and gas discharge processes. These reactions lower the temperature, so gasoline is required to raise the temperature to an appropriate level. Part of the combustible gas generated will be burned in the incineration process. The remaining combustible gas will be sent to the gas combustion chamber. However, the concentration of the gas is not sufficient to ignite the flame, so fuel is required to raise the temperature to an appropriate level that can combust and to extinguish the harmful gases that cause energy loss.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an incineration apparatus which can incinerate wastes using heat generated in the combustion chamber without using other types of fuel.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a small incinerator, FIG. 1A is a front view of the small incinerator, and FIG. 1B is a top view of the small incinerator.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a large incinerator, Figure 2a is a front view of a large incinerator, Figure 2b is a top view of the large incinerator.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: screw feeder 2: waste baking chamber

3: charcoal combustion chamber 4: side grating

5: bottom lattice 6: gas combustion chamber

7: orifice plate 9: auxiliary air supply conduit

10: flammable gas suction conduit

11: gas suction main conduit

12: steam and gas collection compartment

13 gas intake conduit 14 insulation material

15 main air supply conduit 19 waste agitation mechanism

Incinerators that use heat generated from combustion as fuel for combustion to burn and sublimate waste are then configured to allow the waste in the incinerator to receive heat generated from combustion used as fuel for incineration. The waste baking chamber 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the gas combustion chamber 6 is a conduit located in the center of the waste baking chamber 2. Such incinerators are configured such that the baking and burning processes of the waste can be separated from each other. The already burned waste is burned in the charcoal combustion chamber 3, which is located at the bottom of the waste baking chamber 2 and connected conically to the waste baking chamber 2. This charcoal combustion chamber 3 is supported by a bottom grating 5 characterized by a grate assembled in an inverted cone shape. Combustible gas will enter through the gas conduit 10 to be used for burning waste in the gas combustion chamber 6. The combustion process using combustible gas will not be compatible with the combustion process of waste in the charcoal combustion chamber 3. As a result, since there is a sufficient amount of flammable gas in the gas combustion chamber 6, sufficient combustion will be achieved without using other fuels. The high heat generated from the combustion of gases will be used in the baking process without requiring complicated equipment. Moreover, ash generated from the charcoal combustion chamber 3 will fall from the bottom grid 5 to the ash collection tray 17 by blowing pressurized air at regular intervals.

The present invention allows the incineration process to be carried out consistently with less emissions at an early stage. The initial stage requires the use of gasoline to raise the temperature to a temperature high enough to burn the waste until it is dry enough to release flammable gases. Afterwards, gasoline is no longer needed. Combustion of burned waste, which produces flammable gases, is similar to the combustion of charcoal, which is less contaminated with gas due to the high temperatures of the incinerator.

The components of the incinerator consist of heat and corrosion resistant materials. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the waste is fed through the top of the incinerator with a screw feeder 1, the screw being connected to the motor at the end of the tube, while the other end of the screw is connected to the tube. Does not reach the other end of the, thus leaving room for compacting the waste before being transported into the incinerator. This prevents backflow of steam and gas through the threaded feeder. The waste will be fed into a cylindrical baking chamber 2. In the center of the baking chamber is located a gas combustion chamber 6 which is a vertical conduit located in the center of the waste baking chamber 2 to generate heat for use in the baking process. It is. The charcoal combustion chamber 3 is connected to the waste baking chamber 2. The bottom of the charcoal combustion chamber 3 has a conical shape to push the waste to the center just below the central conduit acting as the gas combustion chamber 6. Waste in the charcoal combustion chamber 3 will fall onto the circular bottom grating 5, the upper part of this bottom grating 5 having a funnel shape 16 whose teeth are inclined at an angle of 30 to 35 ° to be spaced at regular intervals. The injection of pressurized air allows ash to be easily moved from the charcoal combustion chamber 3 to the funnel-shaped ash collection tray 17 at the bottom of the incinerator.

In this process, an air blower 15 which separates and supplies the main air in two parts is installed, one is blown into the funnel-shaped bottom grid 5 through the upper air hole, and the other is a waste combustion chamber ( Blown to side grating 4 connected to a funnel collecting waste from 2). At the bottom edge there is a space in which air circulates, and around this space there is an air supply hole.

An air blower 9 is provided for blowing auxiliary air into the gas combustion chamber 6 via the main conduit 11 connected to the gas intake conduit 10. Since the inverted funnel-shaped vapor and gas collection compartment 12 is located on the side grating 4, an empty space exists. When the auxiliary air is sucked into the gas combustion chamber 6, the air velocity in the conduit 9 will generate the Venturi principle in the main conduit 11, which directs gas and vapor upward along the waste baking chamber 2. It will be sucked from the waste baking chamber 2 into the vapor and gas collection compartment 12 via an extended welded gas intake conduit 13. The gas and vapor will then be sucked through the gas intake conduit 10 into the main conduit 11 and subsequently injected into the gas combustion chamber 6 together with auxiliary air for combustion.

The gas combustion chamber 6 is a vertical conduit with its bottom end located on top of the charcoal combustion chamber 3 and located in the center of the waste baking chamber 2. The bottom of the gas combustion chamber 6 is provided with a ring-shaped orifice plate 7 in which the outer part is welded to the inner part of the conduit, whereby a small hole in the center is formed to reduce the cross section of the gas combustion chamber 6. Form. This allows for good mixing of the gas and air, which results in a more complete combustion and an increase in the temperature of the combustion process. Combustion of the gas occurs continuously in the gas combustion chamber 6, after which the gas will be discharged out of the incinerator with a small waste baking chamber 2 (shown in FIG. 1). However, if the waste baking chamber 2 is large, hot gas will pass through the hot gas conduit 8 welded outside the waste baking chamber 2 (shown in FIG. 2) to increase the efficiency of the baking chamber. will be. A waste agitating mechanism 19 is provided inside the waste baking chamber 2, which is a screw connected to four or more long axes running from the top of the waste baking chamber 2 to the bottom. This waste agitation mechanism 19 agitates the waste in the waste baking chamber 2 to increase the efficiency of the baking process. The outer part of the incinerator is surrounded by insulation 14 to prevent heat loss.

While the incinerator is running, fuel is used to ignite the combustion products. This fuel is supplied through the conduit and injected into the top of the main conduit 11. When ignition is initiated, the fuel will burn until the gas combustion chamber 6 has reached a temperature of approximately 800 to 900 ° C. The waste continuously emits flammable gas, which will flow into the gas combustion chamber 6. When the temperature in the gas combustion chamber 6 increases, the injection of combustion will stop.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the appearance, shape, and / or other components of the present invention may be improved, adjusted, or modified. Such modifications are considered to be parts of components that can be interchanged with each other. As a result, the claims described herein will contemplate certain variations and additions using the same principles as the original invention.

According to the present invention described above, the waste can be incinerated using heat generated in the combustion chamber without using other fuels, so that a high temperature and a low pollution rate are achieved, and the incineration cost can be reduced.

Claims (12)

An incineration method in which waste is burned and sublimed to produce combustion gases and uses heat generated from the combustion, Supplying waste by means of waste supply means 1 installed on top of the incineration apparatus, compressing the waste before the waste is transferred into the incineration apparatus, Fuel is supplied through a fuel conduit, and the fuel is supplied after the waste is combusted in the gas combustion chamber 6 until the combustible gas generated from the waste can be sufficiently combusted in the gas combustion chamber 6. Stopping the Baking the waste in the waste baking chamber 2 by burning the combustible gas in the gas combustion chamber 6 to generate heat to be used in the baking process; Burning the baked waste in a charcoal combustion chamber 3 connected to the waste baking chamber 2, and The waste collection center is pushed to the center, the waste in the charcoal combustion chamber 3 is dropped onto the bottom lattice 5, and the waste air on the bottom lattice 5 is discharged to the bottom of the incinerator by pressurized air pulses. 17) incineration method comprising the step of dropping. The incineration method according to claim 1, further comprising agitating the waste in the waste baking chamber (2) by means of a waste stirring mechanism (19) to increase the efficiency of the baking process. The combustion process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion process using the combustible gas generated from the waste in the gas combustion chamber (6), A blowing step in which the main air is separated into two parts and blown from the first air blower to the first air supply conduit (15), one being blown to the bottom grid (5), and the other to the waste baking chamber (2). A blowing step, sent to a side grid 4 connected to a funnel collecting waste from the air, at the bottom edge there is a space for air to circulate and an air supply hole is formed around the space; A gas combustion chamber (6) through a main conduit connected to a gas intake conduit (10) through which auxiliary air is blown from the second air blower to the second air conduit (9) and gas and vapor are sucked from the gas collection compartment (12). Injecting said auxiliary air into said gas and vapor, which is then sucked from said waste baking chamber (2) into a gas intake main conduit (11) through a gas intake conduit (13); And the gas and the auxiliary air are mixed into an orifice plate 7 for further complete combustion and to increase the combustion process temperature in the gas combustion chamber 6 and then at a high temperature. Injecting gas through the hot gas conduit (8). 4. The incineration method according to claim 3, wherein the hot gas is discharged through a hot gas conduit welded outside of the waste baking chamber (2) to increase the efficiency of the baking process. An incineration apparatus which burns and sublimates waste to produce combustion gases and uses the heat generated from the combustion, Waste supply means (1) installed above the incineration apparatus for supplying and compacting the waste prior to introducing the waste into the incineration apparatus, A waste baking chamber 2 with a gas combustion chamber 6 for generating heat to be used in the baking process, A charcoal combustion chamber 3 connected to the waste baking chamber 2, A ash collection tray installed at the bottom of the incineration device As a first air blower connected to the first air conduit 15, one connected to the bottom grating 5 and the other connected to the side grating 4, the side grating 4 from the waste baking chamber 2 A first air blower connected to the funnel waste collector, the bottom edge having a space for circulating air and an air supply hole formed around the space; Auxiliary air into the gas combustion chamber 6 through a main conduit 11 connected to a gas intake conduit 10 through which steam and gas are sucked from the inverted funnel shaped vapor and gas collection compartment 12 above the side grid. A second air blower connected to a second air conduit (9) for supplying air, wherein an empty space exists between the vapor and gas collection compartment (12) and the side grating (4), and the auxiliary air When injected into the chamber, a venturi principle is generated in the main conduit 11 by the air velocity in the auxiliary air supply conduit 9, whereby the steam and gas are discharged from the waste baking chamber 2 to the waste baking chamber ( 2 is drawn into the vapor and gas collection compartment 12 through the gas inlet conduit 13 welded along the top of 2), and the gas and vapor are passed through the gas inlet conduit 10. Is sucked into conduit 11 together with the combustion auxiliary air for the incineration system comprises a second air blower, which is injected into the gas combustion chamber (6). 6. The waste supply means (1) according to claim 5, wherein the waste supply means (1) is a conduit with a screw for supplying waste, one of the outer ends of the screw being connected to a motor installed at the end of the tube, Incineration apparatus, configured to not reach the other end of the tube, thereby preventing loss of vapor and gas by leaving space for compression before waste enters the incineration apparatus. 7. The waste baking chamber (2) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the waste baking chamber (2) is a cylindrical tank and the gas combustion chamber (6) is a vertical conduit located in the center of the waste baking chamber (2). Incineration device. 6. The gas combustion chamber (6) according to claim 5, wherein the gas combustion chamber (6) has a bottom end located above the charcoal combustion chamber (3) and in the gas combustion chamber (6) in the center of the waste combustion chamber (2). A vertical conduit, wherein at the bottom of the gas combustion chamber 6 is formed a ring-shaped orifice plate 7 whose outer part is welded to the inner part of the conduit to reduce the cutting plane of the gas combustion chamber 6. By forming a small hole in the center of the conduit to mix the gas and air to increase the more complete combustion and combustion process temperature, characterized in that combustion of the gas occurs continuously in the gas combustion chamber 6 Incineration device. 6. The incineration apparatus as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a hot gas conduit (8) welded outside the waste baking chamber (2) to increase the efficiency of the baking process. 6. A waste stirring mechanism (19) according to claim 5, further comprising a screw-type waste stirring mechanism (19) connected to at least four long axes running from the top of the waste baking chamber (2) to the bottom, wherein the waste stirring mechanism (19) is used for the baking. Incineration apparatus, characterized in that the waste is stirred in the waste baking chamber (2) to increase the efficiency of the process. The incineration device according to claim 5, wherein the exterior of the incineration device is insulated to prevent heat loss. 11. Incineration apparatus according to claim 5 or 10, characterized in that the waste stirring mechanism (19) is a screw connected to at least four long axes extending from the top to the bottom of the waste baking chamber (2).