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KR19990079033A - Soundproof laminate - Google Patents

Soundproof laminate Download PDF

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Publication number
KR19990079033A
KR19990079033A KR1019980011394A KR19980011394A KR19990079033A KR 19990079033 A KR19990079033 A KR 19990079033A KR 1019980011394 A KR1019980011394 A KR 1019980011394A KR 19980011394 A KR19980011394 A KR 19980011394A KR 19990079033 A KR19990079033 A KR 19990079033A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
leather
adhesive
foam
sheet
urethane foam
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KR1019980011394A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100289735B1 (en
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이상수
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이상수
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30Means
    • G10K2210/321Physical
    • G10K2210/3223Materials, e.g. special compositions or gases

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 방음 적층체에 관한 것으로, 특히 두께 2.5∼5mm의 올레핀 계 발포제에, 두께 0.1∼2mm의 P. V. C, 우레탄 레자, 가죽, 직물, 부직포, 비닐벽지 및 플라스틱시이트를 열융착 또는 접착제를 도포하여 합지한 후, 제진 성능이 있고, 두께가 5∼1OOmm인 우레탄계 발포체에 접착제 또는 열융착으로 합지하여 cm2당 1∼10개의 미세한 구멍을 형성시킨 밑면에 발포제품 또는 제진제를 덧붙인 것을 특징으로 하며, 이러한 본 발명 방음 적층체는, 제품의 특성이 우레탄폼 및 레자, 비닐벽지에 난연 및 내항균처리함으로써, 균에 의한 품질저하를 방지하여 소음원을 원상 그대로 유지할 수 있고, 마감재 또는 난연 및 항균처리후 색상과 무늬가 형성되어 있는 레자, 가죽, 직물, 부직포, 비닐벽지 및 딱딱한 경질 시이트를 사용함으로써 천장재, 내장재 및 마감재로 사용할 수 있을 뿐만아니라 열에 의한 성형으로 규격 제품을 생산할 수 있으며, 또한 시공성이 간편하고, 점착제 또는 접착제에 의한 시공과, 타일모양으로 성형하여 모자이크 시공이 편리하게 되며, 두께도 단본에 5∼100mm를 합지하지 않고 단본에 생산되므로, 합지 또는 적층에 의한 흡음성 상실이 전혀없는 효과를 거둘 수 있다.TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soundproof laminate, and in particular, heat-sealing or applying an adhesive to an olefinic foaming agent having a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm, PV C, urethane leather, leather, fabric, nonwoven fabric, vinyl wall paper and plastic sheet having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm. After laminating, the foamed product or the vibration damper is added to the bottom of the urethane-based foam having a thickness of 5 to 100 mm and laminated by adhesive or heat fusion to form 1 to 10 minute pores per cm 2 . In addition, the present invention, the soundproof laminate, the product properties of the urethane foam and leather, vinyl flame retardant and anti-bacterial treatment, thereby preventing the degradation of the quality of bacteria by maintaining the original noise source, finish or flame retardant and antibacterial Used as ceiling materials, interior materials and finishing materials by using leather, leather, fabrics, non-woven fabrics, vinyl wall paper and hard rigid sheets that have color and pattern after treatment. Not only can it be produced, but it is also possible to produce standard products by molding by heat, and it is easy to construct, and it is easy to install by using adhesive or adhesive, and it is easy to install mosaic by molding into a tile shape. Since it is produced in a single sheet without lamination, it is possible to achieve the effect of no loss of sound absorption by lamination or lamination.

Description

방음용 적층제Soundproof laminate

본 발명은 방음 적층체에 관한 것으로서, 특히 각종 건물내의 공조실, 기관실, 엘리베이터 벽, 방송실, 각종 차량 및 산업기계, 엔진룸, 운전석 내부 등에서 발생하는 소음용 흡수, 차단하여 별도의 마감재를 사용하지 않고 최종 마감재로 사용할 수 있도록 한 방음 적층제에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a soundproof laminate, and in particular, to absorb and block noise generated in air conditioning rooms, engine rooms, elevator walls, broadcasting rooms, various vehicles and industrial machines, engine rooms, driver's seats, etc. in various buildings without using a separate finishing material. It relates to a sound insulation laminate which can be used as a final finish.

주지하다시피, 종래의 소음재 구성은 우레탄 폼(FOAM) 및 폴리에틸렌(P.E)폼, 러버 등의 폼을 일정한 모양으로 성형한 형태가 있었고, 글래스 울(GALSS WOOL)에 철판을 타공하여 접착한 형태의 소음재가 있었다.As is well known, the conventional sound absorbing material was formed by molding a foam such as urethane foam (FOAM), polyethylene (PE) foam, rubber, etc. into a certain shape, and bonding the steel plate to the glass wool (GALSS WOOL). There was noise.

그러나, 근래에 이르러 주위 환경의 개선에 따라 기존 제품만을 사용하였을 시에는 제품에 대한 색상변화, 비산품화, 내흡습성/내유성/내후성 저하로 인하여 소음에 대한 저항력 저하가 발생하였고, 이에 대한 개선의 일환으로 염화비닐수지 필름 0.45mm + 폴리에틸렌 발포 4mm + 폴리우레탄(PU) 발포 7mm + 폴리에틸렌 폼 13.6mm로 조성된 제품에 cm2당 4개 정도의 구멍을 뚫은 제품이 등장하였으나, 독립기포(CLOSE CELL)로 구성된 폴리에틸렌 폼에 연질 폼의 폴리우레탄 7mm를 합지한후, 다시 독립기포를 형성한 재료를 사용하기 때문에 완전한 소음효과를 기대할 수가 없었으며, 합지로 인한 4번의 적층이 더한층 흡음효과를 떨어뜨리는 결과를 초래했다. 더불어 시공시에도 벽체에 접착제로 붙이는 재질이 폴리에틸렌 폼이기 때문에, 폴리에틸렌이 무극성인 관계로 인해 접착제에 친화력이 없는 점을 감안하여 접착제에 의한 시공이 어렵고 잘 떨어진다는 문제점이 있었다.However, recently, when only existing products were used due to the improvement of the surrounding environment, the resistance to noise occurred due to the color change, non-productiveness, and moisture resistance / oil resistance / weather resistance of the products. As the product made of vinyl chloride resin film 0.45mm + polyethylene foam 4mm + polyurethane (PU) foam 7mm + polyethylene foam 13.6mm appeared about 4 holes per cm 2 , but closed cell (CLOSE CELL) After laminating 7mm of polyurethane foam of soft foam to polyethylene foam, it was not possible to expect complete noise effect because of using independent foamed material, and 4 layers of lamination resulted in lower sound absorbing effect. Caused. In addition, since the adhesive material is attached to the wall at the time of construction is polyethylene foam, due to the non-polar relationship of polyethylene, there is a problem in that the construction by the adhesive is difficult and falls well, considering that there is no affinity for the adhesive.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 두께 2.5∼5mm에 올레핀계 발포체에 두께 0.1∼2mm의 염화비닐수지, 우레탄 레자, 가죽, 직물(CLOTH), 부직포, 비닐벽지 및 경질의 플라스틱 시이트를 열융착 또는 접착제로 합지한후, 흡음 및 제진 성능이 형성되어 있는 두께 5∼100mm를 갖는 우레탄계 발포체에, 접착제 또는 열융착으로 합지하여 cm2당 1∼10개의 미세한 구멍을 형성시킨 제품 및 밑면에 발포제품 또는 제진제를 덧붙인 것을 특징으로 하는 방음재를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the thickness of the vinyl chloride resin, urethane leather, leather, cloth (CLOTH), nonwoven fabric, vinyl wallpaper and rigid of 2.5 to 5mm thick and 0.1 to 2mm thick olefin-based foam After the plastic sheet is laminated with heat-sealing or adhesive, a urethane foam having a thickness of 5 to 100 mm where sound-absorbing and dust-proofing performance is formed is laminated with adhesive or heat-sealing to form 1 to 10 fine pores per cm 2 . And it is an object to provide a soundproofing material characterized in that the foamed product or vibration damper added to the bottom.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명 방음 적층체는, 두께 2.5∼5mm를 형성한 올레핀계 발포체를 P.V.C 우레탄 레자, 가죽, 직물, 부직포, 비닐벽지 및 플라스틱 시이트와 열융착 또는 접착제로 합지한후, 흡음 및 제진 성능이 있는 두께 5∼100mm를 갖는 우레탄계 발포체에 접착제 또는 열융착으로 합지하여 cm2당 1∼10개의 미세한 구멍을 형성시킨 제품 및 밑면에 발포제품 또는 제진제품 덧붙인 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the sound insulation laminate of the present invention, after laminating the olefin-based foam having a thickness of 2.5 to 5mm with heat-sealing or adhesive with PVC urethane leather, leather, fabric, nonwoven fabric, vinyl wall paper and plastic sheet It is characterized in that the urethane foam having a thickness of 5 to 100mm having sound absorption and vibration damping performance is laminated with adhesive or heat fusion to form a product having 1 to 10 fine pores per cm 2 and a foamed product or a vibration damping product on the bottom.

《 국립건설시험연구소 시험성과 》《Test Result of National Institute of Construction Testing》 주파수 (Hz)Frequency (Hz) 흡 음 율 (α)Sound absorption rate (α) 125125 0.1070.107 160160 0.4010.401 200200 0.4970.497 250250 0.6010.601 315315 1.1861.186 400400 1.0161.016 500500 0.9820.982 630630 0.9260.926 800800 0.8940.894 1.0 K1.0 K 1015010150 1.25 K1.25 K 0.9510.951 1.6 K1.6 K 0.9190.919 2.0 K2.0 K 0.9860.986 2.5 K2.5 K 0.8830.883 3.15 K3.15 K 0.9060.906 4.0 K4.0 K 0.8400.840

이러한 본 발명 방음 적층체는, 제품의 특성이 우레탄 폼 및 레자에 난연 및 내항균처리를 함으로써, 균에 의한 품질저하를 방지하여 소음원을 원상 그대로 유지하고, 마감재료도 난연, 항균처리후 색상과 무늬를 형성한 레자 및 딱딱한 경질 시이트를 사용하였기 때문에 천장재, 내장재로 사용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 열에 의한 성형으로 규격 제품을 생산할 수 있으며, 시공성도 간편하고, 점착제 또는 접착제를 바르고 나이프 프레스로 타일모양으로 성형함으로써 모자이크 시공이 편리하게 되며, 두께도 단본에 5∼100mm를 합지하지 않고 단본에 생산할 수 있어 합지 또는 적층에 의한 흡음성 상실이 전혀 없게 된다.Such a soundproof laminate of the present invention, the characteristics of the product is flame retardant and anti-bacterial treatment to the urethane foam and leather, to prevent degradation of the quality by maintaining the noise source as it is, the finish material is also flame retardant, antibacterial treatment Because it uses patterned leather and hard hard sheet, it can not only be used as a ceiling material or interior material but also can produce standard products by molding by heat, and its workability is simple, and it is applied by adhesive or adhesive and formed into tile shape by knife press. As a result, the mosaic construction becomes convenient, and the thickness can also be produced in the single sheet without laminating 5 to 100 mm in the single sheet, so that there is no loss of sound absorption due to lamination or lamination.

도 1의 (a) 는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 방음 적층체의 구성을 도시한 사시도,Figure 1 (a) is a perspective view showing the configuration of a sound insulation laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention,

(b) 는 도 1(a) 의 단면도,(b) is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

(c) 는 본 발명의 이 실시예에 따른 방음 적층체의 구성을 도시한 사시도이다.(c) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the sound insulation laminated body which concerns on this Example of this invention.

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1 : 우레탄계 발포체1: urethane foam

2 : 올레핀계 발포체2: olefin foam

3 : 레자 / 시이트3: Reza / Sheet

4 : 제진제 / 발포제품4: Damping Agent / Foam Product

이하, 상술한 내용을 본 발명에 따른 실시예를 통해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the above-described contents will be described in detail through an embodiment according to the present invention.

[실시예]EXAMPLE

도 1의 (a) 는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 방음 적층체의 구성을 도시한 사시도로, 흡음력이 우수한 마스터 폰(MASTER PHON) A-16 흠음성능 도표와 같은 두께5∼100mm의 우레탄계 발포체 (1)과 두께가 2.5∼5mm인 올레핀계 발포체(2) 와 : 두께 0.1∼2mm의 레자/시이트(3) 를 포함하여 본 실시예를 구성한다.Figure 1 (a) is a perspective view showing the configuration of the sound insulation laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention, the urethane-based foam having a thickness of 5 to 100mm, such as the master phone (MASTER PHON) A-16 flaw performance chart excellent in sound absorption (1), an olefinic foam (2) having a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm, and a leather / sheet (3) having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm are constituted in this embodiment.

이하, 상기한 구성으로 된 방음 적층체의 결합상태를 도1의 (a),(b) 를 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the bonded state of the soundproof laminate having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B.

본 발명은 도 1(a)에 도시한 바와 같이, 흠음을 위한 우레탄계 발포체 (1)과, 올레핀계 발포체(2)와, 레자/시이트(3) 을 접착제나 열융착을 통하여 적층함으로써 상호 결합시킨후, 도 1(b)에 도시한 바와 같이, 다시 상부로 부터 cm2당 1∼10개의 미세한 구멍을 뚫은 형상을 취하며, 상기 레자/시이트(3)은 직물, 부직포, 폴리우레탄, 시이트, P.V.C, P.E, P.P, 아크릴시이트를 사용하여 대체할 수 있게 된다.As shown in Fig. 1 (a), the urethane foam 1 for blemishes, the olefin foam 2, and the leather / sheet 3 are laminated to each other by lamination through an adhesive or heat fusion. Then, as shown in Figure 1 (b), again takes the shape of 1 to 10 fine holes per cm 2 from the top, the leather / sheet (3) is woven fabric, non-woven fabric, polyurethane, sheet, PVC, PE, PP, acrylic sheet can be used to replace.

한편, 본 발명은 본 실시예에 한정하지 않고, 본 발명의 기술적 요지를 벗어나지 않는 범위내에서 다양하게 변형실시 할 수 있는 바, 도 1(c)에 도시한 바와 같이, 상술한 레자/시이트(3)과 올레핀계 발포체(2)와 우레탄계 발포체의 결합재에서 우레탄계 발포체(1)의 하단에 접착제나 열융착을 통하여 제진제/발포제품(4)을 덧붙일 수 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope not departing from the technical gist of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3) and the damping agent / foaming product (4) can be added to the lower end of the urethane foam (1) in the binder of the olefin foam (2) and the urethane foam by adhesive or heat fusion.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 발명 방음 적층체는, 제품의 특성이 폴리우레탄 포옴 및 레자에 난연 및 내항균 처리를 함으로써 균에 의한 품질저하를 방지할 수 있으며, 도표와 같은 우레탄 자체의 높은 소음원을 유지하는 것 외에도 올레핀계 발포체와 비닐벽지, 부직포, 레자, 가죽, 천, 플라스틱 시이트, P.V.C와 같은 마감재료를 합지하여 cm2당 1∼10개의 미세한 구멍을 형성하여 모든 음원을 완벽히 흡수시킬 수 있고, 설사 음의 투과가 발생할지라도 해당 음을 반사 및 흡수할 수 있는 발포제품 또는 제진 시이트를 밑면에 부착함으로써 미세한 구멍속과 우레탄 자체의 소음원에서 투과손실된 음을 완전히 소멸, 차단할 수 있게 된다.As described above, the soundproof laminate of the present invention can prevent deterioration due to bacteria by performing flame retardant and antibacterial treatment on polyurethane foam and leather, and maintain a high noise source of urethane itself as shown in the diagram. In addition to olefinic foam and vinyl wall paper, non-woven fabric, leather, leather, cloth, plastic sheets, PVC and other finishing materials, one to ten fine holes per cm 2 can be formed to completely absorb all the sound source, Even if the transmission of sound occurs, by attaching a foamed product or a vibration damping sheet that can reflect and absorb the sound to the bottom, it is possible to completely extinguish and block the sound lost through the small hole and the noise source of the urethane itself.

또한, 마감재는 난연 및 항균처리후 화려한 색상과 무늬를 형성한 레자, 가죽, 천, 부직포, 비닐벽지 및 딱딱한 경질 및 반경질 시이트를 사용하였기 때문에 마감 천정채, 마감내장재로 단한번에 시공을 완료할 수 있으며, 열 성형성이 우수한 올레핀계 FOAM을 합지하여 열에 의한 성형을 자유 자재로 하여금 수요자의 요구에 따른 규격품을 생산할 수 있으며, 시공성도 간편하여 점착제나 접착제에 의한 시공과 타일 모양으로 성형하여 시공하는 모자이크 시공도 가능하게 되어 편리하다.In addition, because the finishing material used leather, leather, cloth, non-woven fabric, vinyl wall paper, and hard and semi-rigid sheets, which formed colorful colors and patterns after flame retardant and antibacterial treatment, the finishing materials can be completed at once with finishing ceilings and finishing interior materials. It is possible to produce the standard product according to the demand of the user by freely forming by heat by laminating olefin foam with excellent thermoformability, and it is easy to work, so it can be constructed by using adhesive or adhesive and forming into tile shape. Mosaic construction is possible, too and is convenient.

그리고 두께도 단본에 5∼100mm를 합지하지 않고 생산하기 때문에 합지나 적층에 의한 흡음 상실이 전혀 없게 되는 효과가 있는 것이다.In addition, since the thickness is produced without laminating 5 to 100 mm in a single sheet, there is no effect of losing sound absorption by lamination or lamination.

Claims (8)

흡음력이 우수한 마스타폰 (MASTER PHON) A - 16 흡음성능 도표와 같은 흡음계수의 흡음성을 갖는 항균처리가 된 5∼100mm의 우레탄계 발포체와 두께가 2.5∼5mm인 올레핀계 발포체와 : 두께 0.1∼2mm의 비닐벽지를 접착체 또는 열융착으로 합지한 것을 특징으로 한는 방음 적층체.MASTER PHON with excellent sound absorption A-16 A 5-100mm urethane foam with antimicrobial treatment with sound absorption coefficient as shown in the sound absorption coefficient chart, an olefin foam with a thickness of 2.5-5mm, and a thickness of 0.1-2 mm. A soundproof laminate, wherein a vinyl wall paper is laminated by adhesive or heat fusion. 제 1항에 있어서 흡음성능이 있는 우레탄계 발포체와 비닐벽지를 포함하여 구성된 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, comprising a urethane foam and a vinyl wallpaper having sound absorption performance. 제 1항에 있어서, 비닐벽지는 직물, 부직포, P.V.C, 폴리우레탄, 레자 실크벽지, P.E, P.P, 아크릴시이트로 대체 가능한 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein the vinyl wallpaper is replaceable with woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, P.V.C, polyurethane, leather silk wallpaper, P.E, P.P, and acrylic sheet. 제 1항에 있어서 우레탄계 발포체와 레자시이트는 접착제 또는 열융착으로 합지한 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein the urethane foam and the resin sheet are laminated by adhesive or heat fusion. 제 1항에 있어서 우레탄계 발포체, 올레핀계 발포체, 레자/시이트는 합지후 cm2당 1∼10개 이상의 미세한 구멍을 형성한 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein the urethane foam, the olefin foam, and the leather / sheet form 1 to 10 or more fine pores per cm 2 after lamination. 제 1항에 있어서 우레탄계 발포체에 레자/시이트를 합지 후 cm2당 1∼10개 이상의 미세한 구멍을 형성한 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein 1 to 10 or more fine holes are formed per cm 2 after laminating the resin / sheet to the urethane foam. 제 1항에 있어서, 우레탄계 발포체, 올레핀계 발포체, 레자/시이트는 상호 부착 시킨 방음재의 밑면에 발포제품 또는 제진제를 접착제 또는 열융착을 통해 부착하여 방음제를 형성할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein the urethane foam, the olefin foam, and the leather / sheet are formed by attaching a foamed product or a vibration damper to the bottom surface of the soundproofing material bonded to each other through an adhesive or heat fusion to form a soundproofing agent. sieve. 제 1항에 있어서 우레탄계 발포체에 레자/시이트를 상호 부착시킨 방음재의 밑면에 발포제품 또는 제진제를 접착제 또는 열융착을 통해 방음재를 형성 할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체.The soundproof laminate according to claim 1, wherein a foamed product or a vibration damping agent can be formed on the bottom surface of the soundproofing material in which leather / sheet is attached to the urethane foam, through an adhesive or heat fusion.
KR1019980011394A 1998-04-01 1998-04-01 Soundproofing Laminate Expired - Lifetime KR100289735B1 (en)

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