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KR19990030753A - Bacillus sp. Strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogenic fungi - Google Patents

Bacillus sp. Strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogenic fungi Download PDF

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KR19990030753A
KR19990030753A KR1019970051151A KR19970051151A KR19990030753A KR 19990030753 A KR19990030753 A KR 19990030753A KR 1019970051151 A KR1019970051151 A KR 1019970051151A KR 19970051151 A KR19970051151 A KR 19970051151A KR 19990030753 A KR19990030753 A KR 19990030753A
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박승환
최수근
신병식
김정일
구본탁
정희순
반재구
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한국과학기술연구원
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Abstract

본 발명은 식물병원균에 대한 길항작용을 가진 신규한 세균 Bacillus sp. BS555(KCTC 8821P) 균주를 제공한다. 이 균주는 소금에 대한 내성범위가 넓고 광범위한 곰팡이에 대한 생육 억제능을 가지고 있다. 또 이 생육억제능은 열과 단백질 분해효소에 의하여 저항력이 있는 저분자량의 생합성 물질로 추정된다.The present invention relates to a novel bacterium Bacillus sp. BS555 (KCTC 8821P) strain. This strain has a broad range of resistance to salt and has the ability to inhibit growth against a wide range of fungi. The growth inhibitory activity is presumed to be a low molecular weight biosynthetic substance resistant to heat and proteolytic enzymes.

Description

식물병원성 곰팡이에 대한 길항작용을 가진 바실러스속 균주Bacillus sp. Strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogenic fungi

본 발명은 식물병원성 곰팡이에 대한 길항 작용을 가진 신규한 미생물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a novel microorganism having an antagonistic action against a phytopathogenic fungus.

더 상세하게는, 본 발명은 식물병원성 곰팡이 예컨데, 퓨자리움 솔라니. 피리큘라리아 오리지, 보트리티스 시네리아, 퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 및 파이톱프소라 인페스탄스에 대한 길항작용이 우수한 바실러스속 세균에 관한 것이다. 현재까지 인류의 식량증산에 크게 기여해온 화학적으로 합성된 농약(이하, 화학농약이라 한다)은 근래에 들어 과도한 사용과 남용으로 인해 환경오염, 생태계 파괴등 심각한 문제를 야기하고 있으며 매년 농약으로 인한 피해가 날로 늘어나고있다. 뿐만아니라 화학농약에 대한 저항성을 가진 병원균이나 곤충의 출현으로 인해 더 많은 양의 농약사용이 불가피하게 되어 그 피해는 더욱 늘어날 전망이다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 무공해 내지 저공해 농약의 개발이 절실히 요구되고있다.More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for the treatment of phytopathogenic fungi, for example Pseudomonas solani. The present invention relates to a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus which has an excellent antagonistic action against picricaria oryzae, botrytis cinerea, Recently, chemically synthesized pesticides (hereinafter referred to as chemical pesticides), which have greatly contributed to the increase in human food, have caused serious problems such as environmental pollution and destruction of ecosystems due to excessive use and abuse in recent years. Is increasing day by day. In addition, due to the emergence of pathogens and insects resistant to chemical pesticides, the use of more pesticides is inevitable and the damage is expected to increase further. In order to overcome such a problem, development of pollution-free or low-pollution pesticides is urgently required.

최근 화학농약을 대체할 수 있는 수단으로서 미생물을 이용한 생물농약에 관심을 쏟고 있는데 이런 생물농약은 원래 자연계에 존재하고 있는 것으로서 환경과 친하고 생태계를 파괴하지 않으며 화학농약에 비해 내성병원균의 출현빈도가 현저히 낮은 장점이 있다. 화학농약은 개발비용이 많이 들고 그 기간 또한 많이 들지만 생물농약은 개발비용과 기간이 현저히 절약된다. 한편, 지금까지 알려진 길항미생물로는 근두암종병균 방제용 아그로박테리움 라디오박터(Agrobacterium radiobacter), 목화입고병 방제용 슈도모나스 플루오레센스(Pseudomonas fluorescens), 담배흰비단병 방제용 트리코더마 리그노룸(Tricoderma lignorum) 및 고추역병 방제용 바실러스균 AC-1등이 있다. 이중 바실러스 AC-1은 고추역병균 외에도 입고병 및 사과나무 부란병균 등에도 길항작용이 있는 것으로 보고(한국 특허공고 91-9383)된 바있으나 그 길항 작용이 일부 미생물에 국한되었다. 따라서, 본 발명은 무공해 또는 저공해 생물농약을 제공함을 그 목적으로 한다. 본 발명의 다른 목적은 여러 가지 광범위한 식물 병원성 곰팡이에 길항 작용이 있는 신규한 생물 농약을 제공함에 있다.Recently, attention has been paid to biological pesticides using microorganisms as a means of replacing chemical pesticides. Such pesticides are originally present in the natural world. They are friendly to the environment, do not destroy ecosystems, and the frequency of resistant pathogens There is a low advantage. Although chemical pesticides are expensive and costly to develop, bio-pesticides can significantly reduce development costs and duration. Agrobacterium radiobacter for controlling germ cell tumors, Pseudomonas fluorescens for controlling cotton wool disease, and Tricoderma lignorum for controlling tobacco white silkworm have been known as antagonistic microorganisms, And Bacillus sp. AC-1 for the control of pepper blight. It has been reported that Bacillus AC-1 has an antagonistic effect on the host disease and apple tree bacterium (Korean Patent Publication No. 91-9383) in addition to P. aeruginosa, but its antagonistic action is limited to some microorganisms. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide pollution-free or low-pollution biological pesticides. Another object of the present invention is to provide novel biocidal pesticides which have antagonistic action against various broad-spectrum phytopathogenic fungi.

따라서, 상기와 같은 본 발명의 목적은 무공해 생물 농약으로서 식물병원성 곰팡이에 길항작용이 우수한 세균을 토양으로부터 순수분리하고, 다양한 항진균성 검정 대상 곰팡에 적용하므로써 달성하였다.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for purifying a bacterium having excellent antagonistic activity against a phytopathogenic fungus as a non-pollution biological pesticide, from a soil and applying the same to various antifungal susceptible test fungi.

도 1은 BT분리균 BS555의 배양상등액을 열처리(A) 및 단백질 분해효소 처리(B)한 후 감자역병균에 대한 성장억제력을 원래의 배양상등액과 비교한 사진이다.FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the growth inhibitory potency against potato sterilization bacteria after heat treatment (A) and proteolytic enzyme treatment (B) of BT supernatant of the BT isolate BS555 in comparison with the original culture supernatant.

본 발명은 토양으로부터 다수의 바실러스 균주를 분리하는 공정; 이들 중에서 항진균 활성이 우수한 균주를 선발하고; 항진균성 검정의 대상 곰팡이로서인 뿌리썩음병및 궤양병을 일으키는 퓨자리움 솔라니(Fusarium solani), 잿빛 곰팡이병을 일으키는 보트리티스 시네리아(Botrytis cineria), 도열병을 일으키는 피리큘라리아 오리지(Pyricularia oryzae), 오이덩굴쪼김병을 일으키는 퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 쿠쿠메리넘(Fusarium oxysporum f. cucumerinum) 및 감자역병을 일으키는 파이톱프소라 인페스탄스(Phytophtora infestans)에 대하여 적용하는 공정 및 균주의 균학적 성질을 규명하는 공정으로 구성된다. 본 발명의 바실러스 균은 국내의 토양에서 분리하였으며 Bacillus sp. BS555라고 명명하였다. B. sp. BS555의 균학적 설질은 표 1과 같다.The present invention relates to a process for separating a plurality of Bacillus strains from a soil; Selecting a strain having excellent antifungal activity among them; Fusarium solani causing Botrytis rot and yeast infection, Botrytis cineria causing gray mold disease, Pyricularia oryzae causing blast fungus as target fungi for antifungal testing, ), The process applied to Phytophthora infestans causing Fusarium oxysporum f. Cucumerinum and potato blight causing Cucumber fission, and the mycological properties of the strain . The Bacillus sp. Isolate of the present invention was isolated from domestic soil, and Bacillus sp. BS555 " B. sp. The mycological properties of BS555 are shown in Table 1.

본 발명 B. sp. BS555의 균학적 성질Invention B. sp. Mycological properties of BS555 BS555BS555 그람 염색Gram stain ++ 생육 pH범위Growth pH Range pH5.0-9.0pH 5.0-9.0 생육온도 범위Growth temperature range 5°C-50°C5 ° C to 50 ° C 소금내성Salt tolerance 12 %12% 카탈라아제Catalase ++ V-P 반응V-P reaction ++ 인돌생성능Indole production -- 라이소자임 내성Lysozyme resistance ++ 전분분해력Starch decomposition power ++ 레시친분해력Lecithin decomposition power -- 알기닌분해력Alkyne decomposition power -- 페닐알라닌 디아미나제Phenylalanine diamine -- 시트레이트 사용능Citrate function -- 설페이트 환원Sulfate reduction -- 글루코즈로부터 산 생산Acid production from glucose ++ 아라비노즈부터 산 생산Acid production from arabinose -- 만니톨부터 산 생산Acid production from mannitol ++ 호기성Aerobic ++

본 발명 신규의 세균 B. sp. BS555는 버지의 매뉴얼(Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology)에 따라 바실러스 속으로 동정되었다. 또, 이를 대한민국 특허균인 B. sp. AC-1의 알려진 특성과 비교한 결과 B. sp. BS555 균주가 AC-1 균주에 비해 생육온도의 범위가 넓고 소금(NaCl)에 대한 내성이 2배정도 더 뛰어남을 확인하였다. 본 발명 B. sp. BS555는 생명공학연구소에 1997년 8월 18일자로 KCTC 8821P 의 수탁번호로 기탁되어 있다.The novel bacteria B. sp. BS555 was identified in the genus Bacillus according to Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. In addition, the Korean patented bacterium B. sp. Compared with the known characteristics of AC-1, B. sp. The strain BS555 has a broader range of growth temperature than the AC-1 strain and is twice as resistant to salt (NaCl). Invention B. sp. BS555 has been deposited with the Biotechnology Research Institute under the accession number KCTC 8821P on August 18, 1997.

이하, 본 발명의 구체적인 구성과 작용을 실시예에 의하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, specific structures and operations of the present invention will be described by way of examples.

실시예 1: B. sp. BS555 균주의 항진균성 검정Example 1: B. sp. Antifungal assay of strain BS555

각 곰팡이 배양용 고체배지에 직경 1 cm 정도의 구멍을 뚫은 후 구멍바닥을 소량의 0.75% 아가를 처리하여 틈새가 없도록 하였다. 여기에 T3 배지(1L 당 박토트립톤 3g, 트립토즈 2g, 효모추출물 1.5g, MnCl2 .4H2O 0.0075g, Na2HPO4 .7H2O 5.83g, NaH2PO4 .H2O 3.46g 및 아가 15g)로 30°C에서 3일간 배양한 B. sp. BS555의 배양상등액 0.2ml을 처리하였다. 이를 건조시킨 후 다시 0.75%의 녹인 아가로 구멍을 완전히 막았다. 고체배지상에서 키운 곰팡이의 포자를 0.75%의 녹인 아가와 섞어 앞서 준비한 시험용 고체배지 위에 얇게 부은 후 굳혀 24°C에서 2일간 배양하여 생기는 생육저지환을 관찰하였다. 각 곰팡이 별로 관찰된 생육저지환의 크기는 표 2와 같다.A hole having a diameter of about 1 cm was drilled in a solid medium for culturing each fungus, and then a small amount of 0.75% agar was applied to the bottom of the hole to make a gap. T3 medium here (foil tote Lipton per 1L 3g, trip Tod 2g, yeast extract 1.5g, MnCl 2. 4H 2 O 0.0075g, Na 2 HPO 4. 7H 2 O 5.83g, NaH 2 PO 4. H 2 O 3.46 g and agar 15 g) for 3 days at 30 ° C. 0.2 ml of the culture supernatant of BS555 was treated. After drying, the pores of 0.75% dissolved agarose were completely blocked. The spores of the fungi grown on the solid medium were mixed with 0.75% of melted agar, poured thinly on the above-prepared solid medium for testing, and incubated at 24 ° C for 2 days. Table 2 shows the size of the growth inhibition observed for each fungus.

본 발명 B. sp. BS555 균주의 항진균성 검정결과Invention B. sp. Antifungal test results of strain BS555 균 주 명Strain name 생육저지환의 직경 (mm)Diameter of growth inhibition ring (mm) 퓨자리움 솔라니Fuego Um Solani 2020 보트리티스 시네리아Vortritis Sinaria 2222 피리큘라리아 오리지Pyricularia oriji 2020 퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 쿠쿠메리넘Fujirium Oksi Spolum Cucumerium 1818 파이톱프소라 인페스탄스Pie Topo Sorainfestans 2323

상기 표 2에서 기술한 바와 같이 분리균 B. sp. BS555는 뿌리썩음병균(퓨자리움 솔라니), 잿빛 곰팡이병균 (보트리티스 시네리아), 도열병균(피리큘라리아 오리지), 오이덩굴쪼김병균 (퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 쿠쿠메리넘) 및 감자역병균(파이톱프소라 인페스탄스) 등 검정대상 곰팡이 모두에게 우수한 생육저지 효과를 나타내었으며 특히 감자역병균에 대한 생육저지력이 상대적으로 높았다. 따라서 본 발명 바실러스 속 BS555 균주는 감자역병균 뿐만아니라 광범위한 식물병원균에 대한 길항미생물로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.As described in Table 2 above, the isolate B. sp. BS555 has been used for the treatment of root rot (Pseudomonas solanii), gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), blast fungus (Pyricularia oryzae), cucumber ginseng Kimbyeong gyun (fusarium oxysporum cucumerium) and The antimicrobial activity against the potato fungus was relatively high in all the tested fungi including the potato fungus (Phytophthora infestans). Therefore, the strain BS505 of the present invention can be used as an antagonistic microorganism against a broad range of plant pathogens as well as against potato virus.

실시예 2: 항진균 물질의 열과 단백질 분해효소에 대한 저항성 검정Example 2: Test for resistance to heat and proteolytic enzymes of antifungal substances

각 곰팡이 배양용 고체배지에 직경 1 cm 정도의 구멍을 뚫은 후 구멍바닥을 소량의 0.75% 아가를 처리하여 틈새가 없도록 하였다. 여기에 T3 배지(1L 당 박토트립톤 3g, 트립토즈 2g, 효모추출물 1.5g, MnCl2 .4H2O 0.0075g, Na2HPO4 .7H2O 5.83g, NaH2PO4 .H2O 3.46g 및 아가 15g)로 30°C에서 3일간 배양한 본 발명 B. sp. BS555의 배양상등액 0.2ml을 각각 100°C에서 30분간 열처리하거나 단백질 분해효소(protenase k, 1mg/ml)를 처리한 후 아가 구멍에 주입하였다. 이를 건조시킨 후 다시 0.75%의 녹인아가로 구멍을 완전히 막았다. 고체배지상에서 키운 곰팡이의 포자를 0.75%의 녹인 아가와 섞어 앞서 준비한 시험용 고체배지 위에 얇게 부은 후 굳혀 24°C에서 2일간 배양하여 생기는 생육저지환을 관찰하였다. 도 1에서 확인할 수 있는 바와 같이 본 발명 B. sp. BS555의 곰팡이에 대한 성장억제력은 열처리를 하거나 단백질 분해효소를 처리한 후에도 큰 변화가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 성장억제력을 나타내는 물질이 열과 단백질 분해효소에 저항력을 갖고 있다는 것을 의미하며 따라서 이 물질은 단백질이 아니라 분자량이 작은 생합성물질일 가능성이 큰 것으로 판단되고 있다.A hole having a diameter of about 1 cm was drilled in a solid medium for culturing each fungus, and then a small amount of 0.75% agar was applied to the bottom of the hole to make a gap. T3 medium here (foil tote Lipton per 1L 3g, trip Tod 2g, yeast extract 1.5g, MnCl 2. 4H 2 O 0.0075g, Na 2 HPO 4. 7H 2 O 5.83g, NaH 2 PO 4. H 2 O 3.46 g and agar 15 g) for 3 days at 30 ° C. 0.2 ml of the culture supernatant of BS555 was heat-treated at 100 ° C for 30 minutes or treated with protease (1 mg / ml), and then injected into agar holes. After drying, the pores of 0.75% dissolved agarose were completely blocked. The spores of the fungi grown on the solid medium were mixed with 0.75% of melted agar, poured thinly on the above-prepared solid medium for testing, and incubated at 24 ° C for 2 days. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the present invention B. sp. The growth inhibitory ability of BS555 against fungi was not significantly changed after heat treatment or proteolytic treatment. This means that the substance showing the inhibitory effect on growth is resistant to heat and proteolytic enzymes. Therefore, it is considered that the substance is not a protein but a biomaterial having a small molecular weight.

이상에서 본 발명 바실러스 균주의 생화학적 특성과 실시예에서 기재된 바와 같이, 신규한 B. sp. BS555는 생육 온도 범위가 넓어서 균주의 대량배양시 유리할 뿐만아니라 소금에 대한 내성범위가 넓어서 환경에 대한 적응 능력이 뛰어나며 광범위한 곰팡이에 대한 성장억제 능력을 가지고 있으므로 다양한 식물생육 환경에서 다양한 식물에 적용이 가능한 우수한 균주이므로 무공해 농업상 매우 유용한 발명인 것이다.As described above, the biochemical characteristics of the present invention Bacillus strain and the novel B. sp. Since BS555 has a wide range of growth temperature, it is not only advantageous for large-scale cultivation of strains but also has a wide range of tolerance to salt, has excellent ability to adapt to the environment, and has ability to inhibit growth against a wide variety of fungi. Because it is an excellent strain, it is a very useful invention in pollution-free agriculture.

Claims (5)

식물 병원균에 대한 길항작용을 가진 Bacillus sp. BS555 균주(KCTC 8821P).Bacillus sp. With antagonistic action against plant pathogenic bacteria. Strain BS555 (KCTC 8821P). 제1항에 있어서, 상기 식물 병원균이 퓨자리움 솔라니, 보트리티스 시네리아, 피리큘라리아 오리지, 퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 쿠쿠메리넘 및 파이톱프소라 인페스탄스중 어느하나인 진균.The fungus according to claim 1, wherein the plant pathogenic bacterium is any one of Pseudomonas solanii, Borontis cinerea, Pycralia arijie, Fusarium oxysporum cucumerium, and Pytop strainsaceae. Bacillus sp. BS555 균주의 순수 배양물 또는 그를 이용한 미생물제제.Bacillus sp. A pure culture of BS555 strain or a microorganism preparation using the same. Bacillus sp. BS555 균주 또는 미생물제재의 효과있는 양을 식물병원균의 숙주식물에 살포하는 것을 특징으로하는 곰팡이의 생육 조절방법.Bacillus sp. A method for regulating growth of a fungus characterized by spraying an effective amount of BS555 strain or microbial agent on a host plant of a plant pathogen. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 식물병원균이 퓨자리움 솔라니, 보트리티스 시네리아, 피리큘라리아 오리지, 퓨자리움 옥시스포룸 쿠쿠메리넘 또는 파이톱프소라 인페스탄스인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 4, wherein the plant pathogenic bacterium is Pseudomonas solanii, Borotritis cinerea, Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum cucumerumen or Pytopa sorafenstans .
KR1019970051151A 1997-10-06 1997-10-06 Bacillus sp. strain with resistance against plant pathological fungi Expired - Fee Related KR100252198B1 (en)

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