KR102757369B1 - 면역원성 치쿤구니야 바이러스 chikv-델타5nsp3을 포함하는 약제학적 조성물의 생산 방법 - Google Patents
면역원성 치쿤구니야 바이러스 chikv-델타5nsp3을 포함하는 약제학적 조성물의 생산 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102757369B1 KR102757369B1 KR1020207004686A KR20207004686A KR102757369B1 KR 102757369 B1 KR102757369 B1 KR 102757369B1 KR 1020207004686 A KR1020207004686 A KR 1020207004686A KR 20207004686 A KR20207004686 A KR 20207004686A KR 102757369 B1 KR102757369 B1 KR 102757369B1
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Abstract
Description
도 1: 합성된 단편으로부터 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈의 전체 어셈블리에 사용된 pMX 플라스미드의 맵. CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 서열의 전체 어셈블리를 위해, 암피실린 저항성 카세트를 갖는 pMX 플라스미드(pMA)를 사용하였다. pMX 벡터 시리즈는 pUC-유사 클로닝 벡터를 기반으로 하지만, 불필요한 프로모터는 제외한다(생물안전 등급 1).
도 2: CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈 구조의 개략도. 치쿤구니야 바이러스 게놈은 2개의 다단백질을 암호화한다: 비-구조 단백질 1-4(nsP1-4) 및 구조 단백질(C, E3, E2, 6K, E1). 야생형 게놈 서열과 비교하면, CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 서열(nsP1-4 다단백질에서 아미노산 1656 내지 1717)은 nsP3을 암호화하는 서열의 3' 부분에서 183-bp 결실을 함유하며, 이는 nsP3 복제 단백질에서 60개 아미노산 결실(Δ60aa로 표시됨)을 초래한다. SP, 서브게놈 프로모터; UTR, 비번역 영역. (Hallengrd D, et al., 2014, 상기 문헌에서 변형된 도면).
도 3: pMA에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈의 어셈블리를 위한 클로닝 전략. (a) 전체 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈을 포괄하는 합성된 폴리뉴클레오티드 단편의 설계 개략도. (b) pMA 플라스미드에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈의 어셈블리를 위한 클로닝 전략. 1. EcoRI 및 PacI를 통해 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단편 2를 pMA 함유 단편 1(pMA 단편 1)로 클로닝한다. 2. ClaI 및 PacI를 통해 단편 4 및 단편 3을 어셈블리한다. 3. 최종 전체 어셈블리를 위해 pMA에서 XhoI 및 PacI로 절단된 단편 5를 제조한다. 4. AgeI/XhoI-절단된 단편 3 및 4, 및 XhoI/PacI-절단된 단편 5를 AgeI/PacI-선형화된 pMA 단편 1 및 2와 융합하여 pMA에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈을 전체 어셈블리한다. 정확한 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈 어셈블리는 Sanger 서열분석을 통해 확인하였다.
도 4: Vero 세포에서 계대 후 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 수율, 플라크 크기 및 면역원성. 바이러스를 표 2에 상세히 기재된 바와 같이 공통 P0(구제)에서 출발하는 3개의 병행 복제물(A, B 및 C)에서 계대시켰다. (a) 계대 0에서 계대 16까지 Vero 세포의 감염 후 24 시간 바이러스 역가. 3개 복제물(A, B 및 C)의 평균 역가가 제시된다. (b) 플라크 검정에 의해 평가시 P0, P5 및 P15 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 상대 역가. Vero 세포를 5% FBS, 2 mM L-글루타민 및 1% 항생제-항진균제(항-항(Anti-Anti))로 보충된 MEM 중 6-웰 플레이트의 웰 당 4 x105개 세포의 밀도로 시딩하고, 35℃ 및 5% CO2에서 밤새도록 배양하였다. 다음 날, 배양 상청액을 Vero 세포로부터 제거하고 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 연속 희석액을 세포에 첨가하였다. 35℃/ 5% CO2에서 1 시간 동안 배양 후, 최종 농도 2%의 메틸셀룰로스 오버레이를 첨가하고, 세포를 35℃/5% CO2에서 추가로 3일 배양하였다. 최종적으로, 바이러스 역가(pfu/ml) 및 플라크 형태를 평가하기 위해 크리스탈 바이올렛 염색(5% 포름알데히드 중 0.5% 크리스탈 바이올렛) 후 플라크를 계수하였다. (c) Vero 세포에 대한 PRNT에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(P0)의 중화에 의해 평가시 P0, P5B, P8B 및 P15C CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 면역원성. Vero 세포를 3x105개 밀도로 12-웰 플레이트에 시딩하고 35℃/ 5% CO2에서 밤새도록 배양하였다. 5마리 C57Bl/6 마우스의 그룹을 각각의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 계대의 105 TCID50의 용량으로 1회 피하로 면역시켰다. P0(바이러스 구제), 또한 105 TCID50에서의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3을 양성 대조군으로 사용하였다. 1:20 내지 1:327,680 범위의 4배 연속 희석으로 제21일 혈청 풀을 560 pfu/ml CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(P0에서)과 혼합하고, 1 시간 동안 배양하였다. 이어서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 /중화 혼합물을 Vero 세포에 첨가하고, 플레이트를 35℃/ 5% CO2에서 2 시간 동안 배양하였다. 이 단계는 2% 메틸셀룰로스 오버레이가 이어졌고, 플레이트를 35℃/ 5% CO2에서 ~60 시간 동안 배양하였다. 오버레이를 제거한 후, 세포를 크리스탈 바이올렛/5% 포름알데히드로 염색하고, 플라크를 계수하였다.
도 5: 면역원성에 대한 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 계대 동안 제어된 MOI(0.01)의 효과. (a) 비제어 및 제어된 조건 하에 Vero 세포에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 계대의 개략도. CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 P0을 다양한 MOI로 비제어된 조건 하에 P3B에 대해 Vero 세포에서 계대시켰다(표 2에 요약됨; 복제물 B). 출발 물질로 P3B을 사용하여, 제어된 감염 방법을 0.01의 정의된 MOI에서 모든 후속 감염으로 수행하여 마우스에서 면역원성의 분석을 위한 1개의 P4 계대, 2개의 P5 계대 및 1개의 P6 계대를 생성하였다. (B) Vero 세포에 대한 PRNT에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(P2)의 중화에 의해 평가시 P0(○), P2B(□), P5#1(●), P5#2(◆), P6(■) 및 P15(Δ) CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 면역원성. 10마리 C57Bl/6 마우스의 그룹을 105 TCID50의 의도된 용량으로 각각의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 제제의 단일 용량으로 피하로 면역시키고, 면역화 후 제21일에, 풀링된 혈청을 도 4에 기재된 바와 같이 1:20 내지 1:327,680 범위의 4배 연속 희석으로 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(560 pfu/ml) 중화 능력에 대해 평가하였다.
도 6: P5B 및 P8B로부터 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 단일 플라크 단리물의 면역원성 및 관찰된 게놈 이질성. 2개의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 바이러스 구제 수확물(4399gr1 P0(#1) 및 4415gr1 P0(#2)) 및 P15 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 수확물(P15C-DS)은 각각 면역원성 및 비-면역원성 대조군의 역할을 하였다. (a) Vero 세포에 대한 PRNT에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(P2)의 중화에 의해 평가된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단일 플라크 단리물 P5B-11, P5B-03 및 P8B-05의 면역원성. 10마리 C57Bl/6 마우스의 그룹을, 나타낸 TCID50 용량으로 각각의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단리물의 단일 용량으로 피하로 면역시키고, 면역화 후 제19일, 풀링된 혈청을 도 4에 대해 기재된 바와 같이 1:20 내지 1:327,680 범위의 4배 연속 희석으로 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3(560 pfu/ml) 중화 능력에 대해 평가하였다. (b) 확인된 점 돌연변이를 갖는 전체 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈을 포괄하는 Sanger 서열분석으로부터 유래된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단일 플라크 단리물 P5B-11, P5B-03 및 P8B-05의 도시된 게놈을 나타낸다. (c) 추가 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단일 플라크 단리물 P5B-02, P5B-04, P5B-07 및 P8B-01의 면역원성을 (a)에서와 같이 평가하였다. (d) 확인된 점 돌연변이를 갖는 전체 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 게놈을 포괄하는 Sanger 서열분석으로부터 유래된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 단일 플라크 단리물 P5B-02, P8B-01, P5B-04 및 P5B-07의 도시된 게놈을 나타낸다.
도 7: 계대 3에 의해 발생하는 E2 단백질에서의 E168K 및 E247K 이질성을 나타내는, 계대 0(P0)에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 및 계대 3에서 4개의 독립적으로 생성된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 샘플(P3 실시예 1-4)의 Sanger 서열분석으로부터의 크로마토그램. P3에서 4개의 독립적으로 생성된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 샘플(P3 실시예 1-4)은 모두 동일한 MVSB(P1)로부터 유래되었다. 도시된 영역은 E2 단백질의 아미노산 168 및 247을 암호화하는 게놈 영역을 포괄하고, 나타낸 바와 같이 프라이머 쌍 16 및 17로 서열분석하였다. (프라이머 서열에 대해, 표 1 참조). 비교를 위해, 계대 0(P0)에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 서열분석 크로마토그램이 도시되어 있다. 서열 이질성 부위는 상자로 표시된다.
도 8: 마스터 바이러스 시드 뱅크(P1) 및 2개의 독립적으로 생성된 계대 3(P3) CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 제제의 차세대 서열분석(NGS): (a) P1-MVSB; (b) P3-실시예 3; (c) P3-실시예 4. 게놈 이질성의 배경 수준은 점선으로 나타낸 바와 같이 15%로 설정된다. 계대 3에 의해 발생하는 보다 빈번한 이질성은 (b) 및 (c)에 나타낸 바와 같이 E2 단백질에서 각각 E168K 및 E247K 돌연변이에 상응하는 게놈 핵산 위치 8882 및 9119에서 점 돌연변이를 포함하였다.
도 9: 균주 Senegal 37997의 CHIKV VLP의 cryo-EM 구조에서 동등한 위치에 표시된 E2 당단백질 내에서 빈번하게 관찰된 이질성을 갖는 아미노산 위치(G55R, G82R, E168K 및 E247K)의 자리(PDB 3J2W; Sun S, et al., Structural analyses at pseudo atomic resolution of Chikungunya virus and antibodies show mechanisms of neutralization (2013) eLife 2:e00435. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.00435). G55R은 사각형으로 나타내고, G82R은 원으로 나타내고, E168K는 삼각형으로 나타내고, E247K는 별표로 나타낸다. 도면은 단위-세포의 CHIKV 단백질을 도시하는데, 괄호로 나타낸 막전위 부분(TM), 및 막의 내부(아래) 면에서 캡시드 단백질(C)을 갖는 E1/E2 이량체의 4개 카피로 구성된 바이러스 막에 어셈블리될 수 있다. 3개의 E1/E2/캡시드-어셈블리는 5-배 축 근처에서 삼량체 q3-스파이크를 구성하고, 4번째 어셈블리는 3-배 축에서 i3-스파이크의 3개 요소 중 하나이며, 모두 표면에서 제시되고 3개의 상이한 각도에서 보여졌다: (a) CHIKV 단위-세포 측면도; 막 평면 위의 시점. (b) CHIKV 단위-세포 측면도; 막 평면 아래의 시점. (c) CHIKV 단위-세포, 상면도.
도 10: E168K 점 돌연변이의 존재가 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 면역원성의 손실을 초래하는 역치를 결정하기 위한 대략 3 x 104 TCID50의 용량으로 상이한 P3:P5B-07(E168K) 비의 바이러스 제제로 C57Bl/6 마우스의 피하 면역화를 위한 그룹. 그룹 1, 3 및 5에 대해 P3 및 P5B-07(E168K 돌연변이체)의 제형 비는 3x104 TCID50의 나타낸 용량으로 각각 1:0.1, 1:1 및 1:10이었다. 따라서, 그룹 6 및 그룹 7은 각각 P3 단독 및 P5B-07(E168K) 단독을 나타낸다. 이질성 위치(뉴클레오티드 8882에 상응)에서 참조 서열(야생형)은 G였고, 1:0.1, 1:1 또는 1:10의 비에 따라, 뉴클레오티드 A를 향한 이동, 즉, G>A 내지 G=A 또는 G<A는 서열분석 크로마토그램에 따른 것이었다. P3 바이러스 집단은 ~ 20% E168K 돌연변이체를 나타냈다. P5B-07(E168K) 바이러스 집단은 이질성을 나타내지 않았다(즉, ~100%가 E2 단백질 E168K 돌연변이에 함유됨).
도 11: VRP-기반 중화 검정에 의해 평가된 상이한 P3 대 E168K-돌연변이체 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 비의 면역원성에 대한 효과. 도 10에 요약된 바와 같이 1:0.1, 1:1 및 1:10 비에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 P3:E168K의 3x104 TCID50의 의도된 용량으로 C57Bl/6 마우스를 피하 면역시켜 단일 마우스 혈청을 생성하였다. 제21일 단일 혈청을 BHK-21 세포-기반 루시퍼라제 검정을 사용하여 LR-CHIKV 바이러스 레플리콘 입자(VRP)의 중화에 대해 분석하였다. VRP는 LR2006-OPY1 야생형 바이러스의 캡시드 및 외피 단백질을 나타내는 복제-결핍 야생형 CHIKV와 유사하다. 간단히 말해서, 2x104개 BHK-21 세포를 96-웰 플레이트에 시딩하고 35℃/ 5% CO2에서 밤새도록 배양하였다. CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 VRP를 35℃에서 1 시간 동안 마우스 혈청의 연속 희석액(1:20 내지 1:312,500에서 출발)과 함께 배양하였다. CHIKV VRP/혈청 혼합물을 5의 MOI에서 BHK-21 세포에 첨가하고 35℃/5% CO2에서 1 시간 동안 배양하였다. 세포를 세척하고 신선한 배지를 첨가하였다. 루시퍼라제 활성을 레닐라 루시퍼라제 검정 시스템(Promega)을 사용하여 감염후 24 시간에 상청액에서 측정하였다. P-MVSB 양성 대조군(○), P5B-07(E168K) 음성 대조군(□) 및 각각의 P3:E168K 비로 면역화된 개별 마우스 혈청(채워진 원). (a) 1:0.1의 비에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 P3:E168K의 면역원성(그룹 1). (b) 1:1의 비에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 P3:E168K의 면역원성(그룹 3). (c) 1:10의 비에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 P3:E168K의 면역원성(그룹 5). (d) A, B, 및 C에 도시된 면역원성 결과의 요약: P3과 비교하여 강한 면역원성(++ 양성), 낮은 면역원성(+낮은 양성) 및 음성(-).
도 12: 850 cm2 롤러 병에서 해동에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3으로 감염까지 Vero 세포 배양 흐름. P: 계대, M: 백만, T75: T-플라스크 75 cm2, T175: T-플라스크 175 cm2, RB850: 롤러 병 CellBIND 850cm2.
도 13: Vero 세포에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 생산 동안 세포 성장 온도, 감염 다중도 및 시딩후 감염 시간의 바이러스 역가에 대한 효과. Vero 세포를 35℃에서 MEM, 2 mM 글루타민 및 10% FBS 중에서 확장시키고, 세포 감염을 위해 850 cm2 롤러 병에 시딩하였다. 바이러스 생산을 위해, 상이한 온도(37℃, 35℃, 28℃), MOI(0.1; 0.01; 0.001 TCID50/세포) 및 Vero 세포 시딩후 세포 감염 시간(일; D2, D4, D5)을 FBS가 없는 배양 배지에서 시험하였다. 리드 앤드 뮌헨(Reed & Muench) 방법에 따라 Vero 세포에서 측정된 바이러스 생산성이 도시되어 있으며, TCID50/mL로 표현된다. (a) 37℃; (b) 35℃; (c) 28℃.
도 14: 도 13에 기재된 각각의 조건으로부터 총 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 바이러스 생산성.
도 15: 최대 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 바이러스 역가: 반응 표면 2차 모형. (a) 모형의 ANOVA 분석. 회색 선: 유의한 모형 항(Prob(F) < 0.05; 0.1 초과 값은 모형 항이 유의하지 않음을 나타낸다). (b) 모형의 등고선도.
도 16: CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 바이러스 안정성: 반응 표면 2차 모형. (a) 모형의 ANOVA 분석. 회색 선: 유의한 모형 항(Prob(F) < 0.05; 0.1 초과 값은 모형 항이 유의하지 않음을 나타낸다). (b) 모형의 등고선도.
도 17: 각각 E2 아미노산 168, 247 및 423에 상응하는 게놈 핵산 위치 8882, 9112 및 9649에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 E2 바이러스 단백질의 이질성: 제2일 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 샘플 수확물로부터의 모형 분석. (a) 모형의 ANOVA 분석. 회색 선: 유의한 모형 항(Prob(F) < 0.05). (b) 모형의 등고선도.
도 18: 각각 E2 아미노산 168, 247 및 423에 상응하는 게놈 핵산 위치 8882, 9112 및 9649에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 E2 바이러스 단백질의 이질성: 제2일 및 제5일 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 샘플 수확물(28℃)의 모형 분석. (a) 모형의 ANOVA 분석. 회색 선: 유의한 모형 항(Prob(F) < 0.05). (b) 모형의 등고선도.
Claims (35)
- 치쿤구니야 바이러스 감염을 예방하기 위한 백신으로 사용되는, CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하는 약제학적 조성물로서, 여기서 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 적어도 30%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키고; 여기서 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 1-50%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 대해 면역원성 감소 돌연변이 E168K 또는 G55R 중 적어도 하나를 갖는 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 적어도 50%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 1 내지 50%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 대해 적어도 하나의 면역원성 감소 돌연변이 E168K 또는 G55R 돌연변이를 갖는 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 1 내지 25%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 대해 면역원성 감소 돌연변이 E168K를 갖는 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물에 존재하는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자의 5-30%가 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 대해 E168K 또는 G55R 돌연변이를 갖는 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물이 상기 약제학적 조성물로 면역화된 마우스에서 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3에 대한 중화 항체를 유도하여 상기 중화 항체를 포함하는 혈청을 초래하고, 상기 혈청이 세포의 CHIKV 감염을, 시험관내 중화 검정에서 1:80 혈청 희석으로 적어도 50% 중화시키고, 여기서 시험관내 검정은 LR-CHIKV 바이러스 레플리콘 입자 (VRP)의 중화를 평가하는 BHK-21 세포 기반 루시퍼라제 검정인, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 E2 구조 단백질을 발현하는 상기 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3가 서열 번호: 1의 폴리뉴클레오티드 서열에 의해 정의되는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적 조성물이 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 유효량의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하며, 상기 유효량이 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 적어도 102 개 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자로 정의되는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적 조성물이 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 유효량의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하며, 상기 유효량이 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 적어도 103 개 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자로 정의되는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적 조성물이 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 유효량의 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하며, 상기 유효량이 백신 접종된 대상체에서 치쿤구니야 바이러스 바이러스혈증(viremia)을 예방하기에 충분한 양으로 정의되는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적 조성물이 1회성 약제학적 조성물인, 약제학적 조성물.
- 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 E2 구조 단백질을 발현시키는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하는 약제학적 조성물을 생산하는 방법으로서, 상기 방법은 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3을 Vero 세포에서 서열 번호: 1에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 폴리뉴클레오티드 서열로, 바이러스 구제(rescue) 후 5회 미만의 배양으로 계대시키는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 서열 번호: 2의 아미노산 서열을 갖는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 E2 구조 단백질에서 면역원성-감소 돌연변이의 빈도가, CHIKV-Δ5nsP3을 Vero 세포에서 서열 번호: 1에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 폴리뉴클레오티드 서열로 5회 이상의 배양으로 계대시킴으로써 수득된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 E2 구조 단백질에서의 면역원성-감소 돌연변이의 빈도와 비교하여 감소되는, 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 면역원성-감소 돌연변이의 빈도가 5회 이상 계대와 비교하여 적어도 10% 만큼 감소되는, 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 E2 구조 단백질에 위치하는 상기 면역원성-감소 돌연변이가 G55R 및 E168K로부터 선택되는, 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 E2 구조 단백질에 위치하는 면역원성-감소 돌연변이(들)가 E168K인, 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 상기 E2 구조 단백질의 상기 E168K 돌연변이의 빈도가 수확된 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3의 전체 풀에서 90% 미만인, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 서열 번호: 1에 의해 정의된 바와 같은 폴리뉴클레오티드 서열을 갖는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3가 Vero 세포에서 바이러스 구제 후 최대 3회 배양으로 계대되는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 Vero 세포가 28℃ 내지 37℃의 온도에서 성장하는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 Vero 세포가 시딩 후 제2일 내지 제5일에 감염되는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자가 Vero 세포 감염 후 제1일, 또는 제2일, 또는 둘 모두에 수확되는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자 또는 CHIKV-Δ5nsP3 입자를 포함하는 상기 약제학적 조성물을 생산하는데 사용되는 감염 다중도(MOI)가 0.1 미만인, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적 조성물이 동결건조된 형태로 제공되는, 약제학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 약제학적으로 허용가능한 부형제를 추가로 포함하는 약제학적 조성물.
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