KR102306648B1 - 디지털 계수 방법의 개선 - Google Patents
디지털 계수 방법의 개선 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102306648B1 KR102306648B1 KR1020197003323A KR20197003323A KR102306648B1 KR 102306648 B1 KR102306648 B1 KR 102306648B1 KR 1020197003323 A KR1020197003323 A KR 1020197003323A KR 20197003323 A KR20197003323 A KR 20197003323A KR 102306648 B1 KR102306648 B1 KR 102306648B1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 도 1의 흐름 격실(18)의 단부의 일례를 도시한다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 3은 기체 씰을 형성하는 증기 상을 갖는 흐름 격실(18)의 예시적인 표현이다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 4는 기체상 씰을 생성하기 위하여 흐름 격실로부터 유체를 이동시키는 과정의 예시적인 표현이다. 이는 유도 시스템이 가동할 때 얻은 명시야(brightfield) 현미경 사진에서 발췌한 것이다 (실시예 1-5 참조). 명시야 현미경 사진의 스케일 바는 20 ㎛이다.
도 5는 (i) 평면 형상, (ii) 소수성 기판(16) 내에 오목부로 형상화된 형상 및 (iii) 친수성 영역을 함유하는 오목부가 있는 소수성 기판의 돌출부를 포함하는 형상을 포함하는 친수성 특징부(14)의 예시적 표현이다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 6은 고체 지지체와 접촉하는 액적의 예를 도시한다. 이 예에서, 다음이 나타난다: (i) 기체 분위기에서 소수성 기판 상에 놓인 액적의 접촉각(γ), (ii) 원형의 평면 친수성 특징부의 반경(RD ), (iii) 원형의 평면 친수성 특징부 상에 놓인 액적의 접촉각(α) 및 (iv) 원형의 평면 친수성 특징부에 대한 최대 액적 부피의 기하학적 정의. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 7은 소수성 기판에 의해 둘러싸인 평면 친수성 특징부의 패턴을 제조하기 위한 2가지 예시적인 포토리소그래피 기반의 과정을 도시한다. 도시된 단계는 다음을 포함한다:
A - 친수성 웨이퍼 기판을 제공
B2 - 감광성 박막 코팅의 증착; 또는 B1 - 웨이퍼의 균일한 표면 변형
C2 - 코팅의 UV 노출 및 현상; 또는
C1 - 감광성 박막 코팅의 증착, 이어서 C1' - 코팅의 UV 노출 및 현상
D2 - 웨이퍼의 소수성 표면 변형, 또는 D1 - 소수성 층의 선택적 에칭
E - 친수성 특징부의 평면 패턴(F)을 얻기 위하여 박막 코팅을 제거
도 8은 양성(positive) 신호를 나타내는 격실의 수를 분석함으로써, 시료로부터 분석물의 농도가 얻어지는 일반적인 디지털 계수 측정의 일례를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 9는 평면 친수성 특징부에 기반한 SELMA 과정의 예시적 스케치를 제공한다. 단계 (A)에서 시료의 분석물은 단일 단계에서 친수성 특징부에 위치한 캡쳐 프로브에 결합된다. 단계 (B1)에서, 벌크 액체에 존재하는 캡쳐 프로브(캡쳐 프로브 부분 2)는 시료의 분석물에 결합됨으로써, 단계 (B2)에서 분석물/캡쳐 프로브 부분 2-복합체를 형성한다. 단계 (B3)는 B2에 후속하며, 분석물/캡쳐 프로브 부분 2-복합체가 고체 지지체에 존재하는 캡쳐 프로브(캡쳐 프로브 부분 1)에 결합하는 것을 보여준다. 캡쳐 프로브 부분 1 및 2는 서로 인식하므로, 고체 지지체 상에 캡쳐 프로브 부분 1/캡쳐 프로브 부분 2/분석물-복합체를 형성하여, 친수성 특징부 상에 분석물을 고정시킨다. 단계 (C)에서, 표지제가 캡쳐 프로브/분석물-복합체에 첨가되어, 캡쳐 프로브/분석물/표지제-복합체를 형성한다. 단계 (D)에서, 캡쳐 프로브/분석물-복합체는 표지제의 제1 부분(표지제 부분 1)에 의해 표지된다. 단계 (E)에서, 캡쳐 프로브/분석물/표지제 부분 1-복합체는 표지제의 제2 부분(표지제 부분 2)에 의해 2차로 표지된다. 단계 (F)에서, 기능성 캡쳐 프로브/분석물/표지제-복합체가 형성되었다. 단계 (G)에서, 액적이 친수성 특징부 표면 상에 형성된다. 액적은 검출제(detection agents)를 함유하고 기체상 씰에 의해 증발로부터 보호된다. 단계 (H)에서, 검출제는 표지제의 처리에 의해 분자 리포터로 전환된다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 10은 예시적인 흐름 시스템의 스케치를 제공한다. 흐름 시스템은 5개의 기능성 요소들을 포함하는 직사각형 슬래브로 구성된다. 각 요소는 숫자로 표시되며 파선 사각형 내에 있다. 요소 1은 흡입을 제공하기 위하여 압력 소스에 연결된 액체 배출구(outlet)이다. 요소 2는 흐름 격실이다. 요소 3은 흐름 격실을 액체 로딩 패드(liquid loading pad)에 연결하는 액체 유입구이다. 요소 4는 액체 시약을 위한 용기 형태의 액체 로딩 패드이다. 요소 5는 소수성 기판에 의해 둘러싸인 친수성 특징부의 패턴을 나타내는 액적 영역이다. 액적 영역은 흐름 격실의 바닥 부분에 위치한다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 11은 증발과 흐름 통로-/액적-/배열체-기하학 사이의 이론적 상관관계의 일례를 도시한다.
(A) 액적 반경 2.5 ㎛, 환산 계수(scaling factor) N = 4 및 φ = 2을 갖는 배열체에 대한 식 17의 플롯. 온도가 높을수록, 및 흐름 통로 높이가 100 ㎛에서 1500 ㎛로 커질 때 증발률이 증가할 것이다. (B) 35℃에서 최대 허용 증발률(θ MAX )의 함수로서 최대 높이(hMAX ) 및 다양한 배열체/액적 기하학에 대한 식 18의 플롯. (C) 높이 100 ㎛, 환산 계수 φ = 2을 나타내고 35℃의 온도에 고정된 흐름 통로에 대한 식 17의 플롯. 인접한 액적 사이의 간격이 클수록(N-값이 클수록) 증발률이 커지고, 액적 크기가 클수록 증발이 감소한다.
도 12는 기체상 씰 하의 증발 저항성 마이크로액적의 일례 및 다양한 흐름 통로 기하학 및 온도에 대한 액적 안정성을 도시한다. 명시야 현미경 사진은 높이 (A) 2000 ㎛, (B) 800 ㎛ 및 (C) 150 ㎛를 나타내는 흐름 통로에서 형성된 액적을 보여준다. 배열체 파라미터는 A-C에서 동일하였는데, 즉 액적 반경 RD = 2.5 ㎛, 초과 배열체 길이 비율(excess-to-array length ratio) φ = 1, 및 배열 피치(array pitch) N = 4 이었다. 3가지 배열체를 동일한 방식으로 제조하였다: 수용액을 주입하고 흐름 통로로부터 회수하였고, 온도는 25℃로 조정하였다. 30분의 평형시간 후, 현미경 사진을 얻었고, 온도를 35℃로 올렸다. 30분의 평형 후에 현미경 사진을 다시 얻었다. 45℃에 대하여 과정을 반복하였다. 패널 A에서 액적은 25℃에서만 명확하게 구별할 수 있다. 더 높은 온도에서는 액적이 증발된다. 패널 B에서, 액적은 25℃ 및 35℃에서 구별할 수 있으나, 액적 직경은 증발로 인하여 줄어들은 것으로 나타났다. 45℃에서 배열체는 증발 및 수증기의 재응축으로 인하여 크게 무너졌는데, 이는 현미경 사진을 얻었을 시점에 흐름 통로/배열체가 열 평형에 도달하지 않았음을 나타낸다. 패널 C에서, 액적은 모든 온도에서 명확하게 구별가능하고, 액적 직경은 대체로 변하지 않은 것으로 나타난다. 스케일 바는 20 ㎛이다.
도 13은 (A) 예시적인 흐름 통로(28) 및 (B) 흐름 통로 내에 매립된(embedded) 예시적 마이크로-액적 배열체(30)를 정의하는 파라미터의 예시적 스케치를 제공한다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 14는 1 pM DNA 표적을 함유하는 보정 시료에 대한 대응하는 명시야(i) 및 형광(ii) 현미경 사진의 쌍을 제공한다. 형광 신호는 실시예 4에 기술된 바와 같이 동정되었고, 흰색 원으로 표시되었다. 형광 신호의 위치는 명시야 현미경 사진에 적용되고 검은색 원으로 표시된다. 형광 신호의 위치는 액적의 위치에 대응한다는 것이 명백하다. 스케일 바는 10 ㎛이다.
도 15는 다음 농도의 DNA 표적을 함유하는 시료로부터 대표적인 3개의 형광 현미경 사진을 제공한다; (A) 100 aM, (B) 1 fM (1 펨토몰/l 또는 1 x 10-15 M) 및 (C) 10 fM. 형광 액적의 수를 각 시료에 대하여 계수하였고, 배열체 상에 존재하는 액적의 총 수에 대하여 표준화하여, 형광 액적의 백분율, 즉 양성(positive) 분율을 제공하였다. 양성 분율은 100 aM DNA 표적, 1 fM DNA 표적, 10 fM DNA 표적 뿐만 아니라 DNA를 함유하지 않는 대조군(control) 시료(D)에 대하여 플롯팅되었다. 막대 차트의 값은 각 시료의 5회 검출 실험에서 수집한 평균값을 나타낸다. 오류 막대(error bars)는 동일하게 수행된 5회의 실험에서 양성 분율(positive fraction)의 표준편차를 나타낸다.
도 16은 실시예 5에 개략된 바와 같이 100 aM 표적 DNA를 함유하는 시료의 형광 현미경 사진 시리즈를 제공한다. 이들 중 첫번째 현미경 사진 (i)은 첫번째 탐지 단계 후 얻은 것이고, 두번째 현미경 사진 (ii)는 두번째 탐지 단계 후 동일한 위치에서 얻은 것이고, 세번째 현미경 사진 (iii)은 세번째 탐지 단계 후 동일한 위치에서 얻은 것이다.
도 17은 친수성 특징부(14)의 패턴을 나타내는 지지체(12)를 포함하는, 시료 내의 하나 이상의 분석물을 디지털 계수하기 위한 예시적 흐름 시스템(10)의 단면도이다. 패턴은 소수성 기판(16) 내에 매립되거나, 그 위에 놓이거나, 또는 그것에 의해 둘러싸이고, 개구부(20)를 갖는 흐름 격실(18) 내에 매립된다. 각각의 친수성 특징부는 표면에 부착된 캡쳐 프로브(22)를 갖는다. 지지체는 2개의 영역(24)으로 나누어지고, 각 영역은 특정 유형의 캡쳐 프로브를 제시한다. 이 스케치는 비례하여 그려지지 않았다.
도 18은 적용된 검출 사이클 수의 함수로서 단일 분자 계수 분석에서 신호를 나타내는 캡쳐 부위의 수 사이의 이론적 관계의 일례를 도시한다. 그래프는 식 25-28에 따라 플롯팅되었고, 다음 파라미터를 적용한다: (A) NTA = 10, NNM = 10.000, NC = 100.000, PTA = 0.9, PNM = 0.05 및 fNSR = 0, (B) NTA = 10, NNM = 100.000, NC = 100.000, PTA = 0.9, PNM = 0.05 및 fNSR = 0.05, (C) NTA = 10, NNM = 1.000.000, NC = 100.000, PTA = 0.9, PNM = 0.05 및 fNSR = 0 and (D) NTA = 10, NNM = 1.000.000, NC = 1.000.000, PTA = 0.9, PNM = 0.05 및 fNSR = 0.05. 패널 A-D에서, CT(x), LTA(x), LNM(x) 및 LNSR(x)는 신호-양성 캡쳐 부위의 총 수, 신호-양성 캡쳐 부위의 수를 나타내며, 신호는 (i) 표적 분석물, (ii) 비표적 분자 및 (iii) 비특이적으로 보유된 표지제로부터 생성되고, x는 검출 사이클의 수를 나타낸다.
Claims (41)
- 적어도 하나의 분석물을 잠재적으로 함유하는 시료의 디지털 계수 분석 방법으로서, 상기 시료는 복수의 이산(discrete) 캡쳐 부위를 갖는 고체상(solid phase)과 접촉되어 있고, 각 부위는 적어도 하나의 분석물을 포획할 수 있으며, 상기 방법은 동일한 분석물이 표지제에 의해 표지되는 또는 재표지되는 적어도 2회의 검출 사이클을 포함하고, 각 검출 사이클은
a) 포획되고, 표지된 또는 재표지된 분석물(들)로부터 신호를 촉발시키는(triggering) 단계,
b) 포획되고, 표지된 또는 재표지된 분석물(들)로부터 신호를 나타내는 캡쳐 부위의 수 및 위치를 기록하는 단계, 및
c) 추가 검출 사이클이 수행되기 전에, 신호(들)를 비활성화시키는 단계
를 포함하고,
상기 신호(들)를 비활성화시키는 단계는
i) 표지제를 포획된 분석물로부터 분리 및 제거시키는 단계,
ii) 신호를 촉진시키는 표지제의 능력을 비활성화시키는 단계, 및
iii) i)과 ii)의 조합
중에서 선택되는 것인 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 시료 및 복수의 이산 캡쳐 부위를 갖는 고체상은 적어도 하나의 분석물을 포획하기 전 또는 포획하는 중에 격실화되는(compartmentalized) 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포획된 분석물(들) 및 표지제는 적어도 하나의 분석물을 표지하기 전 또는 표지하는 중에 격실화되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 분석물(들)은 각 검출 사이클에서 단계 a) 전의 표지 단계에서 표지제를 첨가함으로써 표지되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포획된 분석물(들)은 고체상 위에 분석물(들)을 포획하기 전 표지 단계에서 또는 포획하는 중에 표지제를 첨가함으로써 표지되고, 추가 검출 사이클이 수행되기 전의 단계 c) 이후에는 재표지 단계가 수행되며, 포획된 분석물(들)이 표지제의 첨가에 의해 표지되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포획되고 표지된 분석물(들)은 격실화되어 적어도 하나의 분석물을 함유하는 액체 격실을 생성하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 시료는 표적 분석물 및 비표적 화합물을 함유하거나 잠재적으로 함유하며, 표적 분석물은 포획 효율 C1으로 캡쳐 부위에 의해 포획되고, 비표적 화합물은 포획 효율 C2로 캡쳐 부위에 의해 포획되고, C1 ≥ C2이고, 표적 분석물은 표지 효율 L1으로 제1 표지제에 의해 표지되고, 비표적 화합물은 표지 효율 L2로 제1 표지제에 의해 표지되고, L1 ≥ L2이고, 검출 사이클의 수 NC 은, 비율 이 1-10, 또는 10-100, 또는 100-1000, 또는 1,000-10,000, 또는 10,000-100,000, 또는 100,000 초과가 되도록 조정되고, 각 검출 사이클은 표지 단계에서 제1 표지제를 적용하는 것인 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 거짓-양성 검출 사이클을 포함하고, 제2 표지제가 제1 표지제 대신에 표지 단계에서 적용되고, 비표적 화합물은 표지 효율 L1으로 제2 표지제에 의해 표지되고, 표적 분석물은 표지 효율 L2로 제2 표지제에 의해 표지되고, L1 ≥ L2인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 표지 단계를 포함하지 않는 거짓-양성 검출 사이클을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 적어도 하나의 분석물을 시료로부터 포획하는 것은 분석물에 특이적인 하나 이상의 캡쳐 프로브를 사용함으로써 이루어지고, 캡쳐 프로브는 고체상에 부착되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 표지제는 포획된 분석물로부터의 분리에 의해 비활성화되고 플러싱(flushing)함으로써 제거되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포획된 분석물은 포획 후, 캡쳐 프로브(들)에 공유 결합되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 시료의 단일 분자 디지털 계수분석에서 거짓-양성 검출 및/또는 백그라운드 노이즈를 감소시키기 위한 방법.
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| CN104535769B (zh) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-06 | 上海交通大学 | 经高密度纳米坑制备生物大分子单分子芯片的方法 |
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| WO2017004463A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-05 | Abbott Laboratories | Devices and methods for sample analysis |
| US11479805B2 (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2022-10-25 | The General Hospital Corporation | Combinatorial single molecule analysis of chromatin |
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| DK3491385T3 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2021-07-12 | Selma Diagnostics Aps | Improvements in methods for digital counting |
| JP2020515074A (ja) | 2017-03-24 | 2020-05-21 | カードラブ・アンパルトセルスカブCardLab ApS | キャリアのアセンブリとそれに固定された複数の電気回路、およびその製造方法 |
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2017
- 2017-07-28 DK DK17751325.6T patent/DK3491385T3/da active
- 2017-07-28 JP JP2019504728A patent/JP6925051B2/ja active Active
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- 2017-07-28 KR KR1020197003323A patent/KR102306648B1/ko active Active
- 2017-07-28 EP EP17751325.6A patent/EP3491385B1/en active Active
- 2017-07-28 CN CN201780054520.2A patent/CN109661580B/zh active Active
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| US20080026379A1 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Siddiqi Suhaib M | Nucleotide analogs |
| WO2009029073A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-05 | The Trustees Of Tufts College | Methods for determining the concentration of an analyte in solution. |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3491385B1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
| CN109661580A (zh) | 2019-04-19 |
| JP6925051B2 (ja) | 2021-08-25 |
| US11035854B2 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
| CA3031303A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
| KR20190035729A (ko) | 2019-04-03 |
| EP3491385A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
| US20190154673A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
| JP2019523419A (ja) | 2019-08-22 |
| DK3491385T3 (en) | 2021-07-12 |
| WO2018020024A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
| CA3031303C (en) | 2023-05-02 |
| WO2018020024A9 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
| CN109661580B (zh) | 2023-01-24 |
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