KR101557486B1 - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101557486B1 KR101557486B1 KR1020140025726A KR20140025726A KR101557486B1 KR 101557486 B1 KR101557486 B1 KR 101557486B1 KR 1020140025726 A KR1020140025726 A KR 1020140025726A KR 20140025726 A KR20140025726 A KR 20140025726A KR 101557486 B1 KR101557486 B1 KR 101557486B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- electrolyte
- phosphite
- lithium
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TYVXFMPUPVPXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)OF.[Li+] Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)OF.[Li+] TYVXFMPUPVPXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010935 LiFOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005993 acrylate styrene-butadiene rubber polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005466 carboxylated polyvinylchloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000973 polyvinylchloride carboxylated Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 42
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1I RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C(I)=C1 KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1I BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1 UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFPQFQUXAJOWNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1 SFPQFQUXAJOWNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=C(Cl)C1Cl WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLXVPOUBXXSTNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC=C(F)C1F HLXVPOUBXXSTNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC(Cl)=CC=C1 CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC(F)=CC=C1 PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)CC(I)=CC=C1 OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1I RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=CC1Cl YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC(F)=CC1F ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC=C(F)C=C1 UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNMSBVYZDQGYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound O=C1OCC(C#N)O1 DNMSBVYZDQGYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dichloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1(Cl)COC(=O)O1 HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKDNQLPSWHNCFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dibromo-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound BrC1OC(=O)OC1Br RKDNQLPSWHNCFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQDOUXAQOUQPQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound BrC1COC(=O)O1 KQDOUXAQOUQPQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예 1 및 비교예 1에서 제조된 코인형 half cell에 대한 방전용량 유지 특성을 비교하여 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예 1 및 비교예 1 내지 3에서 제조된 코인형 half cell에 대한 충방전 실험을 수행하여 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실험예 2에서 얻어진 데이터를 이용하여, 세로축은 전압(V), 가로축은 순간 전압에 대한 순간 전하량(dQ/dV)으로 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 실시예 1 및 비교예 1 내지 3에서 제조된 코인형 half cell에 대한 충방전 실험을 수행하여 방전용량 특성을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 6의 a)는 본 발명의 실시예 1의 실험 전 양극 표면 SEM촬영사진이고, b)는 본 발명의 비교예 1의 실험 후 전극 표면 SEM촬영사진이고, c)는 비교예 2의 실험 후 전극 표면 SEM촬영사진이고, d)는 비교예 3의 실험 후 전극 표면 SEM촬영사진이고, e)는 실시예 1의 실험 후 전극 표면 SEM촬영사진이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 실시예 2 및 비교예 4에서 제조한 full cell에 대한 충방전 실험을 수행하여 안정성(a), 쿨룽 효율(b) 및 각 충방전 곡선(c, d)를 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 8은 본 발명의 실시예 2 및 비교예 4에서 제조한 full cell에 대하여, 충방전 실험 전 흑연(a), 충방전 실험 후 흑연(b, c)에 대한 EDS 분석 및 SEM촬영사진, 그리고 full cell로부터 용출된 Mn 및 Ni의 함량을 나타낸 그래프(d)이다.
도 9의 a는 본 발명의 비교예 4의 경우, 그리고 b는 본 발명의 실시예 2의 경우의 양극 표면 상에 피막을 형성하는 메커니즘을 나타낸 모식도이다.
도 10은 본 발명의 비교예 4 전해질의 충방전 실험 후 F19 NMR 그래프이다.
도 11은 본 발명의 실시예 2 전해질의 충방전 실험 후 F19 NMR 그래프이다.
도 12는 본 발명의 실시예 2 및 비교예 4에서 제조한 full cell에 대한 충방전 실험을 수행하여 각 cell의 수명특성 평가결과를 나타낸 그래프이다.
113: 세퍼레이터 114: 양극
120: 전지 용기 140: 봉입 부재
Claims (16)
- 양극;
음극; 및
환형 또는 선형 카보네이트 혼합용매, 리튬염, 및 산화분해형 첨가제를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질;을 포함하고,
상기 전해질 내의 상기 산화분해형 첨가제는 트리스(트리메틸실릴리)포스파이트(TMSPi, tris(trimethylsilyly)phosphite)를 포함하고,
상기 전해질 내 존재하는 상기 트리스(트리메틸실릴리)포스파이트(TMSPi, Tris(trimethylsilyly)phosphite)는 0.1 내지 0.5 중량%이고,
상기 양극은 집전체 및 상기 집전체 상에 위치하는 양극 활물질층을 포함하고, 상기 양극 활물질층은 양극 활물질, 바인더, 및 도전재를 포함하고,
상기 양극 활물질은 고전압용 스피넬형 망간계 산화물을 포함하고,
상기 고전압용 스피넬형 망간계 산화물은 하기 화학식 3으로 표현되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
[화학식 3]
LiaNibMn(2-b)O4 (0.8≤a≤1.5, 0.2≤b≤0.7)
- 제1항에서,
상기 전해질 내 존재하는 상기 트리스(트리메틸실릴리)포스파이트(TMSPi, Tris(trimethylsilyly)phosphite)는 0.1 내지 5 중량 %인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 삭제
- 제1항에서,
상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, 리튬 비스옥살레이토 보레이트(lithium bis(oxalato) borate; LiBOB) 또는 리튬 플루오로옥살레이토 보레이트(lithium fluoro(oxalate) borate, LiFOB) 중 1 이상을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 리튬염의 농도는 0.1 내지 2 M인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 환형 또는 선형 카보네이트 혼합용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC), 에틸메틸 카보네이트(EMC) 또는 디메틸 카보네이트(DMC) 중 1 이상을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 환형 또는 선형 카보네이트 혼합용매의 혼합 부피비(환형:선형)는 1:1 내지 1:9인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 삭제
- 제1항에서,
상기 화학식 3의 a는 0.9 내지 1.1인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 화학식 3의 b는 0.45 내지 0.55인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 리튬 이차 전지의 양극과 음극의 평균 방전 전압이 4.7 V 이상인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 음극은 집전체, 상기 집전체 상에 위치하는 음극 활물질층을 포함하고, 상기 음극 활물질층은 음극 활물질, 바인더, 및 도전재를 포함하고,
상기 음극 활물질은 흑연을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 양극 또는 음극은 도전재를 포함하고,
상기 도전재는 탄소계 물질, 금속계 물질, 도전성 폴리머 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제13항에서,
상기 탄소계 물질은 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연, 카본 블랙, 아세틸렌 블랙, 케첸블랙 또는 탄소섬유 중 1 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제13항에서,
상기 금속계 물질은 구리, 니켈, 알루미늄 또는 은 중 1 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에서,
상기 양극 또는 음극은 바인더를 포함하고,
상기 바인더는 폴리비닐알콜, 카르복시메틸셀룰로즈, 히드록시프로필셀룰로즈, 폴리비닐클로라이드, 카르복실화된 폴리비닐클로라이드, 폴리비닐플루오라이드, 에틸렌 옥사이드를 포함하는 폴리머, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리우레탄, 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드, 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 스티렌-부타디엔 러버, 아크릴레이티드 스티렌-부타디엔 러버, 에폭시 수지 또는 나일론 중 1 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
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