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KR100703557B1 - Mixing method of steel by-product gas for reducing calorific value fluctuation of mixed gas - Google Patents

Mixing method of steel by-product gas for reducing calorific value fluctuation of mixed gas Download PDF

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KR100703557B1
KR100703557B1 KR1020050127186A KR20050127186A KR100703557B1 KR 100703557 B1 KR100703557 B1 KR 100703557B1 KR 1020050127186 A KR1020050127186 A KR 1020050127186A KR 20050127186 A KR20050127186 A KR 20050127186A KR 100703557 B1 KR100703557 B1 KR 100703557B1
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calorific value
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조길원
조한창
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주식회사 포스코
재단법인 포항산업과학연구원
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace

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Abstract

본 발명은 혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합 방법에 관한 것으로서, 혼합가스 중 연료의 발열량 변동이 큰 가스의 발열량을 측정하여 타 연료와의 혼합 전에 열량증가용 가스 또는 열량감소용 가스를 발열량 변동이 큰 가스 공급관에 사전에 미리 공급하여 조정함으로써 혼합가스의 전체적인 발열량 변동을 감소시키는 효과를 갖는다.The present invention relates to a method of mixing the steelmaking by-product gas for reducing the fluctuation of the calorific value of the mixed gas, for measuring the calorific value of the gas having a large fluctuation in the calorific value of the fuel in the mixed gas for the heat increase gas or calorie reduction before mixing with other fuel By supplying and adjusting the gas in advance to the gas supply pipe having a large fluctuation in calorific value, there is an effect of reducing the overall calorific value in the mixed gas.

제철부생가스, 발열량, 코크스로가스(COG), 고로가스(BFG), 전로가스(LDG) Steel off-gas, calorific value, coke furnace gas (COG), blast furnace gas (BFG), converter gas (LDG)

Description

혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합 방법{A mixing method of off-gases from steel works to reduce fluctuation of the heating value of the mixed gas}A mixing method of off-gases from steel works to reduce fluctuation of the heating value of the mixed gas}

도 1은 종래의 제철부생가스 혼합공급 방법을 나타내는 개념도.1 is a conceptual diagram showing a conventional iron and steel by-product gas mixing supply method.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 부생가스 혼합공급방법을 나타내는 개념도.Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a by-product gas mixing supply method according to the present invention.

도 3은 종래방법에 의한 혼합가스의 발열량 변동을 보여주는 그래프.Figure 3 is a graph showing the calorific value fluctuations of the mixed gas according to the conventional method.

도 4는 본 발명의 실시에 따른 발열량 조절개념 보여주는 그래프.Figure 4 is a graph showing a calorific value control concept according to the practice of the present invention.

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명> <Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: 코크스로가스(COG) 공급관 　10: coke blast gas supply pipe

20: 고로가스(BFG) 공급관20: blast furnace gas (BFG) supply pipe

30: 전로가스(LDG) 공급관　30: converter gas (LDG) supply pipe

41: 혼합가스 열량계41: mixed gas calorimeter

42: 비율조절제어기 42: ratio controller

53: 전로가스(LDG) 열량계　53: converter gas (LDG) calorimeter

본 발명은 여러 종류의 연료를 혼합하여 혼합가스를 제조하여 사용하는 연료혼합설비에 관련된 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 연료의 발열량 변동이 큰 하나의 연료에 의해 전체 혼합가스의 발열량 변동이 야기되는 경우에 발열량의 변동이 큰 연료의 발열량을 타 연료와의 혼합 전에 미리 조정함으로서 전체적인 혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a fuel mixing facility for manufacturing and using a mixed gas by mixing several types of fuel, and more particularly, when the calorific value of the entire mixed gas is caused by a single fuel having a large fluctuation in the calorific value of the fuel. The present invention relates to a method for mixing seasonal by-product gas for reducing the calorific value of the entire mixed gas by adjusting the calorific value of the fuel having a large fluctuation in calorific value before mixing with other fuel.

통상 일관제철소에서는 고로가스(BFG), 전로가스(LDG), 코크스로가스(COG) 등의 부생가스가 발생하는데 이들 가스는 단독 혹은 혼합가스의 형태로서 제철 각 공정의 연료로서 사용된다. 특히 열간 압연 부문의 가열로 등에는 위의 세가지 연료를 혼합하여 사용하는 것이 일반적이다. 각 부생가스의 기준발열량은 고로가스(BFG)가 750kcal/Nm3, 전로가스(LDG) 2,000 kcal/Nm3, 코크스가스(COG) 4,400 kcal/Nm3인데, BFG와 COG의 열량변동은 평균치의 5% 이내이나 LDG의 경우는 1,500~2,300 kcal/Nm3 정도로 발열량 변동이 크다. 통상 연료의 혼합은 혼합가스의 발열량(예, 목표열량 2,900 kcal/Nm3)을 맞추기 위하여 각각 연료의 비율을 설정하고 이를 추종하도록 연료별 유량을 제어한다. 특히 혼합가스의 열량을 실시간으로 측정하여 되먹임(feedback) 제어를 함으로서 혼합가스의 발열량 변동을 최소화하고 있다. 그러나 제철 부생가스 중 전로의 취련과정에서 발생되는 LDG는 취련 초기와 말기의 CO 농도 변화 등에 따라 발열량의 변동이 심하고 이에 따라 종래의 방법에서는 혼합가스의 발열량 변동이 매우 크게 된다.　발열량 변동, 즉 조성 변동이 심 하면 해당 연료를 사용하는 연소로에서의 정밀연소제어가 곤란하여　연소설비의 운용에 큰 장애가 된다. 　In general, integrated steelworks produce by-product gases such as blast furnace gas (BFG), converter gas (LDG), and coke furnace gas (COG). These gases are used alone or as a mixed gas to be used as fuel for steelmaking processes. In particular, it is common to use the above three fuel mixtures in a heating furnace such as a hot rolling section. Reference heating value blast furnace gas (BFG) is 750kcal / Nm 3, a converter gas (LDG) 2,000 kcal / Nm 3 , coke oven gas (COG) inde 4,400 kcal / Nm 3, heat fluctuation of BFG and COG for each by-product gas is the average value In case of LDG, it is within 5% but fluctuation of calorific value is about 1,500 ~ 2,300 kcal / Nm 3 . In general, the mixing of the fuel controls the flow rate of each fuel so as to set the ratio of each fuel to follow the calorific value of the mixed gas (eg, target calorific value 2,900 kcal / Nm 3 ). In particular, the calorific value of the mixed gas is minimized by controlling the feedback of the mixed gas in real time and controlling the feedback. However, the LDG generated during the converter's blowing process of the steel by-product gas is severe fluctuations in the calorific value according to the change in the CO concentration at the beginning and the end of the blow, and accordingly, the calorific value of the mixed gas is very large in the conventional method. If the fluctuation of the calorific value, that is, the compositional fluctuation is severe, it is difficult to precisely control the combustion in the combustion furnace using the fuel, which is a major obstacle to the operation of the combustion facility.

이하 첨부 도면을 기초로 종래의 기술을 보다 자세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. Hereinafter, the prior art will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 종래의 방법에 의한 제철부생가스의 혼합방법을 개략도로서 나타낸 것이다. COG, BFG, LDG가 각각의 공급관 (10, 20, 30)을 거쳐 공급되는데 각각의 공급관에는 연료별 유량계(11,21,31)와 유량조절밸브(12,22,32)가 구비된다. 이들 연료는 비율조절제어기(42)에서 설정한 비율에 의해 각각 유량이 조절된다. 각각의 설정유량으로 혼합된 혼합연료는 혼합가스 공급관(40)을 통하여 각 사용공정으로 공급된다. 혼합가스공급관(40) 상에는 혼합가스열량계(41)가 구비되는데 혼합가스열량계(41)에서는 혼합가스의 열량을 측정하게 된다. 측정된 발열량 값은 비율조절제어기(42)로 보내지며 비율조절제어기(42)에서는 발열량 설정치와 측정치를 비교하여 각 연료의 증감신호를 각 연료배관의 유량조절밸브에 보내게 되고, 따라서 되먹임 열량제어가 이루어지는 구성이다. 1 is a schematic view showing a method of mixing steelmaking by-product gas according to a conventional method. COG, BFG, and LDG are supplied through the respective supply pipes 10, 20, and 30. Each supply pipe includes fuel flow meters 11, 21, and 31 and flow control valves 12, 22, and 32. These fuels are each adjusted in flow rate by the ratio set by the ratio controller 42. The mixed fuel mixed at each set flow rate is supplied to each use process through the mixed gas supply pipe 40. The mixed gas calorimeter 41 is provided on the mixed gas supply pipe 40, and the mixed gas calorimeter 41 measures the calorific value of the mixed gas. The measured calorific value is sent to the ratio regulating controller 42, and the proportional regulating controller 42 compares the calorific value set value with the measured value and sends an increase / decrease signal of each fuel to the flow regulating valve of each fuel pipe, and thus the feedback calorific control Is made up of.

통상 연료는 사용량과 조성이 변하게 되는데 종래와 같은 구성에서는 연료의 발열량 변화가 심한 경우, 특히 특정 연료의 열량변동이 심한 경우는 특정 연료에 의존하여 혼합가스의 발열량도 크게 변하게 되는 것이다. 즉 도 3의 그래프는 혼합가스의 발열량(단위: kcal/Nm3)의 변화추이를 실시간 측정치로서 나타낸 것인데 목표치(2,900kcal/Nm3)로부터의 변동폭이 매우 큼을 보여주고 있다. In general, the amount and composition of the fuel are changed. In the conventional configuration, when the calorific value of the fuel is severe, in particular, when the caloric fluctuation of the specific fuel is severe, the calorific value of the mixed gas is also greatly changed. That is, the graph of FIG. 3 shows a change in the calorific value (unit: kcal / Nm 3 ) of the mixed gas as a real-time measurement value, and shows that the variation from the target value (2,900 kcal / Nm 3 ) is very large.

이러한 혼합가스의 열량변동은 가열로의 연소제어 정도 저하에 의한 연료의 낭비요인은 물론 제품 품질에도 악영향을 미치므로 이의 개선을 위한 제어방법의 적용이 요구되고 있다. Since the calorie fluctuation of the mixed gas has a detrimental effect on the fuel quality as well as the product waste due to the lowering of the combustion control degree of the heating furnace, it is required to apply a control method for improvement thereof.

본 발명은 상술한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 발열량 변동이 심한 연료의 발열량을 타 연료와의 혼합 전에 미리 조정함으로써 혼합가스의 발열량 조절을 용이하게 하고자 하는 것이다.The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is intended to facilitate the control of the calorific value of the mixed gas by adjusting the calorific value of the fuel with a large fluctuation in calorific value before mixing with other fuel.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 연료혼합 방법을 도시한 개략도이다. 도 1에 도시한 종래의 제어방법에 부가하여, 본 발명에서는 혼합되는 각각의 가스 중 특히 발열량 변동이 가장 심한 전로가스(LDG)의 발열량을 타 연료들과 혼합 전에 제어하고자 하는 것이다. 즉 전로가스(LDG)공급관(30)의 전로가스(LDG) 유량조절밸브(32) 후단에 전로가스(LDG)의 순시열량을 측정할 수 있는 전로가스(LDG)열량계(53)를 구비한다. 전로가스(LDG) 열량계(53)에서의 측정결과에 따라 LDG의 열량을 증가 혹은 감소시킬 수 있는 열량조절용 가스가 열량조절용가스공급관(50)을 통하여 LDG 열량계(53) 후단의 LDG공급관(31)로 공급된다. 열량조절용 가스는 열량 증가용 또는 열량 감소용을 독립적으로 구성할 수 있는 바, 도 2에는 편의상 열량 부족시 열량을 증대하는 경우를 예로서 도시한 것이다. 비율조절제어기(42)에 연동되는 LDG열량계(53)는 열량조절 가스공급관(50) 상의 열량조절 가스유량 조절밸브(52)에 연동되어 열량조절 가스의 유량을 조절하도록 구성된다. 미설명부호 51은 열량조절가스 유량 계이다.2 is a schematic view showing a fuel mixing method according to the present invention. In addition to the conventional control method shown in FIG. 1, the present invention intends to control the calorific value of the converter gas (LDG), which has the greatest fluctuation in calorific value, among the respective gases to be mixed before mixing with other fuels. That is, a converter gas (LDG) calorimeter 53 capable of measuring the instantaneous amount of converter gas (LDG) at the rear end of the converter gas (LDG) flow control valve 32 of the converter gas (LDG) supply pipe 30 is provided. LDG supply pipe 31 at the rear of LDG calorimeter 53 through calorie control gas supply pipe 50 for calorie control gas that can increase or decrease the calorific value of LDG according to the measurement result in the converter gas (LDG) calorimeter 53. Is supplied. The calorie control gas can be configured independently for increasing calorie or decreasing calorie, and FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which calories are increased when calories are insufficient for convenience. The LDG calorimeter 53 interlocked with the ratio regulating controller 42 is configured to adjust the flow rate of the calorie control gas interlocked with the calorie control gas flow rate control valve 52 on the calorie control gas supply pipe 50. Reference numeral 51 is a calorific gas flow meter.

이와 같은 연료노즐의 작용을 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 즉 제 2도에 나타낸 것과 같은 구성의 발열량 제어방법에 의하면 LDG 열량계(53)에 의해 LDG의 열량을 실시간으로 측정하여 타연료와 혼합되기 전에 열량조절가스의 유량을 비율조절 제어기(42)와의 연동에 의해서 조절함으로써 LDG의 열량을 목표범위로 제어하는 것이다. 열량조절용 가스의 공급패턴은 여러 가지가 가능한데 변동되는 LDG의 열량 상한과 하한을 설정하여 발열량 최소치가 일정치 이상으로 유지되도록 열량 증가용 가스(예, 천연가스, 코크스로 가스)를 제어공급 하는 방법, 상기에 부가하여 발열량의 상한치가 특정치 이하로 유지되도록 열량감소용 가스(예, 고로가스, 질소)를 주입하는 방법 등이 고려될 수 있다. 발열량 조절 목표치의 설정은 임의적으로 할 수 있다. 도 4는 발열량의 변동이 심한 LDG의 발열량 변동 패턴(a)과 일정 목표치 이하의 LDG 열량일 경우 열량증가용 열량조절가스를 공급하여 일정치 이하의 열량저하를 해소하는 경우의 열량조절결과를 보여주는 그래프(b)이고, 그래프(b)의 경우에 부가하여 일정열량 이상 시에는 열량감소용 열량조절가스를 공급함으로써 전로가스(LDG)의 열량을 일정 범위 내에 들도록 제어하는 경우의 열량조절 결과를 나타내는 그래프(c)이다. 　　　　　 The operation of the fuel nozzle is as follows. That is, according to the calorific value control method having the configuration as shown in FIG. 2, the calorific value of the calorific gas is measured in real time by the LDG calorimeter 53 and the flow rate of the calorific control gas is mixed with the ratio control controller 42 before being mixed with other fuel. By controlling by, the amount of heat of LDG is controlled to a target range. Calorie control gas can be supplied in various ways.How to control and supply calorie-increasing gas (eg natural gas, coke oven gas) so that the minimum calorific value is kept above a certain value by setting the upper and lower calorific value of the variable LDG. In addition to the above, a method of injecting a calorie reducing gas (for example, blast furnace gas or nitrogen) may be considered such that the upper limit of the calorific value is kept below a specific value. Setting of the calorific value adjustment target value can be made arbitrarily. Figure 4 shows the calorie control result when the calorific value fluctuation pattern (a) of the calorific value fluctuation fluctuations and LDG calorie value below a certain target value to reduce the calorific value below a certain value by supplying a calorie control gas for increasing the calorific value In addition to the graph (b), the graph shows the calorie control result in the case of controlling the calorific value of the converter gas (LDG) to fall within a predetermined range by supplying a calorie control gas for reducing calorific value when the calorific value is higher than a certain calorie value. Graph (c).

본 발명의 방법에 의하면 열량의 변동이 심한 연료가 다른 연료들과 혼합되기 이전에 해당연료의 발열량을 측정하여 원하는 목표 상한 내지는 하한 발열량을 추종하여 발열량을 사전 제어한 후 타 연료들과 혼합되기 때문에 혼합가스의 열량 제어 정밀도가 향상되므로 기존 방법의 문제점을 효과적으로 해소할 수 있는 유익한 특징이 있는 것이다.According to the method of the present invention, since a fuel having a high calorific value is mixed with other fuels, the calorific value of the fuel is measured before the desired upper limit or lower limit calorific value is mixed to control the calorific value before mixing with other fuels. Since the calorie control accuracy of the mixed gas is improved, there is a beneficial feature that can effectively solve the problems of the existing method.

Claims (3)

제철 부생가스인 전로가스(LDG), 고로가스(BFG), 코크스가스(DOG) 를 혼합하여 혼합가스를 제조하는 가스 혼합설비에 있어서, In the gas mixing facility for producing a mixed gas by mixing the converter gas (LDG), blast furnace gas (BFG), coke gas (DOG), which are seasonal by-product gas , 발열량의 변동이 큰 전로가스(LDG)의 공급관에 전로가스 열량계를 설치하여 발열량을 측정하고, Install a converter gas calorimeter in the supply pipe of the converter gas (LDG) with a large fluctuation in calorific value, and measure the calorific value, 전로가스의 발열량 측정결과를 비율조절제어기에 연동하여 열량조절용 가스를 전로가스 공급관에 제어 공급하여 전로가스가 타연료와 혼합되기 전에 발열량을 일정범위로 조절함으로써 전체 혼합가스의 열량변동폭을 감소시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합 방법.It is possible to reduce the heat fluctuation range of the entire mixed gas by controlling the calorific value to a certain range before the converter gas is mixed with other fuel by supplying the calorific value measurement result of the converter gas to the ratio regulating controller. Mixing method of steel by-product gas for reducing the heating value fluctuation of the mixed gas characterized in that. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1, 전로가스의 발열량이 일정치 이하일 때는 열량증가용 가스를 전로가스 공급관에 공급하여 혼합가스의 열량하한을 목표치 이상으로 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합 방법.The method of mixing the steel by-product gas for reducing the calorific value fluctuations of the mixed gas, characterized in that when the calorific value of the converter gas is below a certain value, the gas for increasing the calorific value is supplied to the converter gas supply pipe to maintain the lower limit of calorific value of the mixed gas. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1, 전로가스의 발열량이 일정치 이상일 때는 열량감소용 가스를 전로가스 공급관에 공급하여 혼합가스의 열량을 감소시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 혼합가스의 발열량 변동 감소를 위한 제철 부생가스의 혼합 방법.A method for mixing steel by-product gas for reducing the calorific value of mixed gas, characterized in that when the calorific value of converter gas is above a predetermined value, the calorific value gas is supplied to the converter gas supply pipe to reduce the calorific value of the mixed gas.
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