JPH10155340A - Combine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] A vehicle speed control is performed before a load of an engine (21) changes, so that a load fluctuation of the engine (21) can be reduced and a work speed can be increased. A supply amount sensor (51) for detecting a supply amount (Q) of grain culm fed to a threshing unit (4) and a supply amount sensor (51) in a combine provided with a speed change member (78) for changing a vehicle speed. 51) A controller (75) for automatically predicting a workload variation based on the detection result of (51) and automatically controlling the vehicle speed.
Is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combine for continuously cutting and threshing grain culms.

[0002]

Conventionally, mowing workload,
When either one of the threshing work load or the running load changes, the engine speed changes, and the harvesting speed, the threshing speed, or the running speed is changed. Therefore, by performing engine output control so as to keep the engine speed substantially constant, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the respective working speeds are changed due to a change in the workload, but based on the grain culm supply amount fed to the threshing unit. By automatically controlling the vehicle speed, there is a problem that the engine is operated with an underload or an overload, and there is a problem that it is not easy to properly maintain the engine load and improve the work efficiency.

[0003]

Accordingly, the present invention provides a feed rate sensor for detecting a feed rate of cereal stems fed to a threshing unit,
In a combine that provides a speed change member that changes the vehicle speed,
It is equipped with a controller that predicts the work load fluctuation based on the detection result of the supply amount sensor and performs the vehicle speed control automatically.Because the vehicle speed control is performed before the engine load changes, it is possible to reduce the engine load fluctuation and The operation can be speeded up, control delay or control hunting can be easily prevented, and the vehicle speed control function and the work efficiency can be easily improved.

Further, when the supply amount of the grain and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine load is smaller than the engine output reference value, the vehicle speed control reference value is increased. Thus, the work efficiency can be improved easily.

[0005] Further, when the grain culm supply amount and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine load is larger than the engine output reference value, the vehicle speed control reference value is reduced. The work efficiency can be maximized.

Further, the engine output is automatically controlled by detecting the engine speed, and the vehicle speed control is automatically performed so that the grain culm supply amount is kept substantially constant while the threshing load or the threshing load is maintained. Since the output of the engine is automatically controlled according to the fluctuation of the running load, etc., the harvesting work can be performed using the maximum allowable output of the engine, so that the harvesting work can be speeded up or the engine can be easily downsized. What you get.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is an engine control circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is an overall side view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same. In FIG. 1, (1) is a track frame on which a traveling crawler (2) is mounted, and (3) is a track frame (3). 1) A machine installed on the top, (4) a threshing unit which stretches the feed chain (5) to the left and incorporates a handling cylinder (6) and a processing cylinder (7), and (8) a cutting blade ( 9)
And a mowing unit including a grain culm transport mechanism (10), (1
1) is a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the reaping unit (8) via a lifting fulcrum cylindrical shaft (12), and (13) is a straw chain (14).
A straw processing unit that faces the end, (15) is a grain tank that carries in the grains from the threshing unit (4) via a fryer (16), and (17) is a grain tank in the tank (15). A discharge auger to be carried out of the machine, (18) a driver's cab provided with a driving operation unit (19) and a driver's seat (20), and (21) a driver's seat (2)
0) An engine provided below, configured to continuously cut and thresh grain culms.

[0008] Further, an operating lever (22) for steering and lifting / lowering
Are provided on the front column (23), and the traveling main transmission lever (24), the traveling auxiliary transmission lever (25), the reaping clutch lever (26) and the threshing clutch lever (27) are provided on the side column (28). The cab (1
8) The columns (23) and (28) are arranged on the front side and left side inside, and the main clutch pedal (29) is provided on the step upper surface of the driver's cab (18) to constitute the operation unit (19). .

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a hydraulic pump (30) for operating the hydraulic cylinder (11) is always connected to the engine (21), and a threshing input pulley (31) for driving the handling cylinder (6). Tension type threshing clutch (3
An output pulley (33) of the engine (21) is connected to the traveling crawler (2) via a transmission case (34), and an input pulley (35) of the transmission case (34) is provided. ) Is connected to an output pulley (37) of an engine (21) via a tension type traveling main clutch (36).
A transmission input pulley (38) for transmitting a driving force to the transmission case (3) via a tension type cutting clutch (39).
4) The mowing drive pulley (40) is connected to transmit the main traveling speed change output of the transmission case (34) to the mowing unit (8) so that the mowing unit (8) is driven in synchronization with the vehicle speed. A pickup type vehicle speed sensor (41) for detecting rotation of the traveling crawler (2), left and right side clutches (42) and (42) for separately stopping driving of the left and right traveling crawlers (2) and (2); Side clutch (42)
The left and right steering brakes (43) and (43) for braking the traveling crawler (2) in conjunction with the turning operation, and the main parking brake (44) for simultaneously braking both the left and right traveling crawlers (2) and (2). It is provided on the transmission case (34).

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a cereal culm transport chain (45) forming the cereal culm transport mechanism (10) is provided in the cutting section (8), and the grain root is cut by the cutting blade (10). A sensor arm (46) for holding the culm by the transport chain (45) and feeding the culm to the start end of the feed chain (5) and detecting the presence or absence of a grain culm in the transport system of the transport chain (45); And limit switch type work sensor (4
7) is attached. The transport chain (45) is provided with a clamping rod (48) for clamping the grain culm.
8) A sensor arm (50) for detecting the amount of cereal culm fed by the transport chain (45) and a potentiometer type supply amount sensor (51) to a clamping holder (49) for elastically supporting the transport chain (45) on the transport chain (45). Is installed. At the time of the harvesting operation, the work sensor (47) is fed via the sensor arm (46) by the cereal stem sent to the transport chain (45).
Operates to confirm the mowing operation, and as the amount of grain stalks held by the transport chain (45) changes, the gripping rod (48) comes into contact with and separates from the transport chain (45), The supply amount sensor (51) is operated via the sensor arm (50) by the contacting / separating operation of the clamping rod (48), and the grain cut by the cutting unit (8) and fed to the threshing unit (4). The stalk amount is configured to be detected by the sensor (51).

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an electronic governor (52) for adjusting the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection pump of the engine (21) is provided, and a rack of the electronic governor (52) for adjusting the fuel injection amount is provided. , A rack position sensor (54) for detecting a fuel injection amount, a pickup-type rotation sensor (55) for detecting the number of revolutions of the engine (21), and an electronic governor (52). The temperature change is detected and each of the sensors (5
4) An oil temperature sensor (5) for correcting the output of (55)
6) is provided on the electronic governor (52), and a cooling water temperature sensor (5) for detecting a cooling water temperature of the engine (21).
7), a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (59) for detecting an operation amount of an accelerator lever (58) or a pedal operated by an operator, and an electronic governor controller (60) comprising the electronic governor (52) by a microcomputer. And the sensors (54) to (57)
(59) The rack actuator (53) is operated and controlled based on the value to drive the threshing unit (4) and the reaping unit (8) while keeping the rotation speed of the engine (21) substantially constant. I have.

A lamp for displaying and warning whether or not the load of the engine (21), the threshing unit (4), the traveling unit such as the transmission case (34), and the harvesting unit (8) during the no-load operation is appropriate. 61) (62) (63) (64) and buzzer (65), and output (operating load) of engine (21)
Is connected to the electronic governor controller (60), and when the engine (21) is started, the power output to the threshing unit (4), the transmission case (34), and the mowing unit (8) At this time, it is automatically determined whether or not the driving load of each part during the no-load operation is within the normal range, and the operation status of each part is notified by the lamps (61) to (64) and the buzzer (65). In a manual operation in which only the threshing unit (4) is driven by the engine (21), a manual switch (67) for controlling the electronic governor (52) in the manual operation mode is connected to the controller (60). By turning on the hand-operated switch (67), the power required for the worker to supply the grain stalk to the feed chain (5) and threshing is output by the control of the engine (21), which is suitable for the hand-held operation. When the threshing unit (4) is driven in the retracted state and the threshing load becomes larger than a set value during manual handling work, an abnormality in the work is detected, the buzzer (65) is sounded, and the rack actuator (53) is controlled. , The engine (21) is automatically stopped. In addition, a straw cutter (13) provided in the straw processing section (13) of the threshing section (4).
When a) is attached or detached, or when the auxiliary raising case is attached to the reaping unit (8), and during the test operation, the driving load of the threshing unit (4) or the reaping unit (8) is the driving of each unit during the no-load operation. When it becomes abnormally larger than the load,
The buzzer (65) is sounded and the engine (21) is automatically stopped under the control of the rack actuator (53).

Further, by operating the operation lever (22), the left and right steering cylinders (68) and (69) are controlled to operate the left and right side clutches (42) and (42) and the left and right steering brakes (43) and (43). The main clutch (36) is disengaged by operating the left and right steering brake switches (70) and (71), the main clutch pedal (29) and the parking brake lever (72), and the main brake (4).
4) The main clutch switch (73) and the main brake switch (74), which are turned on when they are turned on, respectively, and the vehicle speed sensor (41) are connected to a work controller (75) composed of a microcomputer. A cutting switch (76) which is turned on by a cutting operation of a cutting clutch (39) of a cutting clutch lever (26) and a threshing switch (77) which is turned on by a turning operation of a threshing clutch (32) of a threshing clutch lever (27), The work controller (75) is connected. The work controller (75) is connected to the electronic governor controller (60). As shown in FIG. 6, when the engine (21) is started, the no-load operation of the engine (21) is performed by the governor controller (60) based on the detection results of the rack position sensor (54) and the rotation sensor (55). (Idling) driving load, that is, idling load (P1 =
A) is calculated, and when the idling load (A) is out of the set range, the buzzer (65) is sounded while the engine lamp (61) is blinking to notify an abnormality of the engine (21). The threshing switch (77) is turned on by turning on the threshing clutch (32) by operating the threshing clutch lever (27) and driving the threshing unit (4), and the rack position sensor (54) and the rotation sensor are turned on. Based on the detection result of (55), the governor controller (60) uses the driving load (C = P2-
P1) is calculated, and when the threshing load (C) during the no-load operation is out of the set range, the buzzer (65) is sounded while the threshing lamp (62) is blinking to notify the abnormality of the threshing unit (4). . When the main clutch (36) is turned on by operating the pedal (29) or the lever (72) and the main clutch switch (73) is turned off to detect a traveling output state, the rack position sensor (54) and the rack position sensor (54) are rotated. Sensor (55)
The traveling load (D = P3−P2) of the mission case (34) during the no-load operation is calculated by the governor controller (60) based on the detection result, and the traveling load (D) during the no-load operation is out of the set range. At this time, the buzzer (65) is sounded while the running lamp (63) is blinking to notify the abnormality of the input part of the mission case (34). Also, the operation of the cutting clutch lever (26) allows the cutting clutch (3) to be operated.
By turning on 9) and driving the cutting unit (8), the cutting switch (76) is turned on, and based on the detection results of the rack position sensor (54) and the rotation sensor (55), the governor controller (60). The driving load (E = P4-P3) of the reaping unit (8) during the no-load operation is calculated, and the reaping lamp (64) blinks when the reaping load (E) during the no-load operation is out of the set range. However, the buzzer (65) is sounded to notify an abnormality of the reaper (8).

Further, a speed change motor for connecting the work sensor (47) and the supply amount sensor (51) to the work controller (75) and operating the main shift lever (24) in a harvesting work speed range. (78) is connected to the work controller (75), and is output from the supply amount sensor (51) according to the relative relationship between the supply amount (Q) of the grain stalk and the output (P) of the engine (21) shown in FIG. The load fluctuation of the engine (21) is predicted based on the grain culm supply amount (Q) of the reaping unit (8), and the threshing load is actually increased and decreased by the grain culm supply amount (Q), and the engine (21) load is increased / decreased. Up to this point, the grain culm supply amount (Q) is changed by controlling the vehicle speed of the transmission motor (78), and as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, the grain culm supply amount per unit time is input by the supply amount sensor (51) input. (Q) Calculated, culms supply amount reference value (Q
1, Q2), the supply amount (Q) is equal to the reference value (Q
If Q> Q2, the speed change motor (7)
8) to reduce the vehicle speed, and when the supply amount (Q) is smaller than the reference value (Q1) (Q <Q1), the vehicle speed is increased by controlling the transmission motor (78), and the threshing unit ( 4)
Is maintained at a substantially constant (Q1 <Q <Q2), and the load change, ie, output (P), of the engine (21) is maintained at a substantially constant (P5 <P <P6). ing.
When the cereal culm supply amount (Q) fed to the threshing unit (4) is within the reference values (Q1, Q2) and the output (P) of the engine (21) is other than the set values (P5, P6) By reducing or increasing the supply amount reference values (Q1, Q2), the supply amount reference values (Q1, Q2) are corrected so that the engine output (P) can be operated within the set values (P5, P6). And the engine (21) load is substantially constant (P5 <P <P6)
The vehicle speed is controlled so as to improve the work efficiency while maintaining the vehicle speed.

As is apparent from the above description, the supply amount sensor (51) for detecting the supply amount (Q) of the grain culm fed to the threshing unit (4), and the speed change motor (78) as the speed change member for changing the vehicle speed. ) Is provided with a controller (75) for automatically predicting a work load variation based on the detection result of the supply amount sensor (51) and automatically controlling the vehicle speed, and controlling the vehicle speed before the load of the engine (21) changes. Control,
The load fluctuation of the engine (21) can be reduced and the work speed can be reduced, control delay or control hunting can be prevented, the vehicle speed control function and work efficiency can be improved, and the grain culm supply amount (Q ) And when the vehicle speed is within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine (21) load is smaller than the engine (21) output reference value, the vehicle speed control reference value is increased to prevent the engine (21) from under-load driving. While improving the efficiency, the supply amount of grain (Q) and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value, and the engine (21) load is reduced to the engine (2).
1) When the vehicle speed is larger than the output reference value, the vehicle speed control reference value is reduced so that the work efficiency can be maximized within the performance range of the engine (21).

Also, while detecting the engine (21) rotation speed, the engine (21) output control is automatically performed, and the vehicle speed control is automatically performed to maintain the grain culm supply amount (Q) substantially constant.
By automatically controlling the output of the engine (21) according to the threshing load or the fluctuation of the traveling load, the harvesting operation can be performed using the maximum allowable output of the engine (21), and the harvesting operation can be speeded up or performed. The engine (21) is configured to be smaller in size and the like.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the relationship between the grain culm supply amount (Q) and the output (P) of the engine (21) is determined by a field test, and data is input. The supply rate change rate (dQ) is calculated (dQ = 1 + (Qn-Qm) / Qm) based on the supply quantity (Qm) before a predetermined time and the current supply quantity (Qn), and as shown in FIG. When the change rate (dQ) is larger than the reference (the data in FIG. 7), the reference speed (R) of the vehicle speed control is increased by one step (R1 to R2 or R2 to R3), while the change rate (dQ) is increased. When it is smaller than the reference (data in FIG. 7), the reference rotation speed (R) of the vehicle speed control is increased by one step (R2
To R1 or R3 to R2), and based on the change rate (dQ) of the cereal stalk supply amount (Q), the engine (2
Assuming the load of 1), that is, the output (P), the target engine speeds (R1, R2, R3) are set to be higher according to the variation width of the rate of change (dQ), and the rack position sensor (54) and the rotation sensor The response speed of the rack actuator (53) automatic control based on the detection result of (55) is increased, and when the variation width of the rate of change (dQ) exceeds a set value,
The target engine speed (R1, R2, R3) is automatically corrected to prevent hunting of the correction control.

Further, as described above, the target rotation speeds (R1, R2, R3) of the engine (21) are increased based on the rate of change (dQ) of the grain culm supply amount (Q), and the engine output is increased with increasing load. By increasing and compensating for (P), the target engine speed (R3) is increased to the maximum output (P) of the engine (21).
(For example, P × 0.9 = 90%), the buzzer (65) is intermittently sounded, and an overload of the engine (21) is alerted, and the engine (2) is alerted.
1) is configured to prevent overheating.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a feed rate sensor (51) for detecting the feed rate (Q) of cereal culm fed to the threshing unit (4), and a shift for changing the vehicle speed. In the combine provided with the member (78), a controller (75) for automatically predicting a work load fluctuation based on the detection result of the supply amount sensor (51) and automatically controlling the vehicle speed is provided, and a load of the engine (21) is provided. Since vehicle speed control is performed before the vehicle speed changes, load fluctuation of the engine (21) can be reduced and work can be speeded up, control delay or control hunting can be easily prevented, and the vehicle speed control function is improved. In addition, the work efficiency can be easily improved.

Further, the vehicle speed control reference value is increased when the grain (Cu) supply amount (Q) and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine (21) load is smaller than the engine (21) output reference value. The operation efficiency of the engine (21) can be easily improved by preventing the engine (21) from underload operation.

Further, the vehicle speed control reference value is reduced when the engine (21) load is larger than the engine (21) output reference value when the grain culm supply amount (Q) and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value. The work efficiency can be maximized within the capacity range of the engine (21).

Further, the engine (21) is configured to detect the number of revolutions and to automatically control the output of the engine (21). The vehicle speed control is automatically performed to supply the grain culm (Q).
The output of the engine (21) is automatically controlled in accordance with the threshing load or the fluctuation of the traveling load while keeping the value substantially constant, so that the harvesting operation is performed using the allowable maximum output of the engine (21). This makes it easy to speed up the harvesting work or downsize the engine (21).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an engine control circuit diagram.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an engine output.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a grain culm supply amount sensor unit.

FIG. 6 is an engine load diagram.

FIG. 7 is an engine output diagram.

FIG. 8 is an engine speed diagram.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart for controlling the supply of cereal stems.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (4) Threshing unit (21) Engine (51) Supply amount sensor (75) Work controller (78) Transmission motor (transmission member)

Claims (4)

[Claims] In a combine provided with a supply amount sensor for detecting a supply amount of a grain culm fed to a threshing unit and a transmission member for changing a vehicle speed, a change in workload is predicted based on a detection result of the supply amount sensor. A combine equipped with a controller that automatically controls vehicle speed. 2. When the grain culm supply amount and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine load is smaller than the engine output reference value,
The combine according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle speed control reference value is increased. 3. When the grain culm supply amount and the vehicle speed are within the vehicle speed control reference value and the engine load is larger than the engine output reference value,
The combine according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle speed control reference value is configured to be small. 4. The combine according to claim 1, wherein an engine output is detected by automatically detecting an engine speed.