JPH01197301A - Hydrogen storage vessel - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage vesselInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01197301A JPH01197301A JP63023467A JP2346788A JPH01197301A JP H01197301 A JPH01197301 A JP H01197301A JP 63023467 A JP63023467 A JP 63023467A JP 2346788 A JP2346788 A JP 2346788A JP H01197301 A JPH01197301 A JP H01197301A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- container
- latent heat
- heat storage
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002335 LaNi5 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 semiconductors Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、半導体、食品等をはじめ水素を使用するすべ
ての分野において、水素を簡便にかつ高密度に貯蔵・輸
送・利用することのできる水素貯蔵容器°に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Fields> The present invention enables hydrogen to be stored, transported, and used easily and with high density in all fields that use hydrogen, including semiconductors, foods, etc. Regarding hydrogen storage containers°.
〈従来の技術〉
水素の貯蔵および輸送は、従来高圧ガスあるいは液体水
素の形態によるのが一般的であった。 この高圧ガスの
場合は容器の耐圧性や充填時の問題から通常はたかだ句
１５０気圧〜２００気圧の圧力で取り扱われるため、比
較的低密度（２００気圧で０．０１８ｇ／ａｍ’ ）で
あり、また高圧容器を用いるため、重量がかさむ欠点が
あった。 一方、液体水素の場合は水素の液化に多くの
エネルギーを要するとともに、貯蔵に際しては気化損失
を免れないとい・う欠点を有している。<Prior Art> Hydrogen has conventionally been commonly stored and transported in the form of high-pressure gas or liquid hydrogen. In the case of this high-pressure gas, it is usually handled at a pressure of at most 150 to 200 atm due to pressure resistance of the container and problems during filling, so it has a relatively low density (0.018 g/am' at 200 atm). Furthermore, since a high-pressure container is used, there is a drawback that the weight is increased. On the other hand, in the case of liquid hydrogen, it requires a lot of energy to liquefy the hydrogen, and it also has the disadvantage that it suffers from vaporization loss during storage.
近年、ある種の金属が常温、常圧付近で可逆的に水素を
吸収、放出する現象が発見され、これを用いて水素を貯
蔵する種々の手段が知られている。In recent years, a phenomenon has been discovered in which certain metals reversibly absorb and release hydrogen at room temperature and pressure, and various means for storing hydrogen using this phenomenon are known.
この方法によれば、高圧容器を用いることなく簡便に高
密度（１０００気圧相当）で水素の貯蔵を行なうことが
できる。 しかしながら、水素の貯蔵、放出自体が一
種の化学反応であるために、水素放出に際して大きな吸
熱を生じ、水素吸蔵合金属の熱伝導性がきわめて小さい
こととあいまって反応熱の交換が律速となって水素の放
出速度が小さくなるという問題点が、新たに生じた。According to this method, hydrogen can be easily stored at high density (equivalent to 1000 atmospheres) without using a high-pressure container. However, since the storage and release of hydrogen is itself a type of chemical reaction, a large amount of heat is absorbed during hydrogen release, and this combined with the extremely low thermal conductivity of the hydrogen-absorbing metal alloy means that the exchange of reaction heat becomes rate-limiting. A new problem has arisen: the rate of hydrogen release becomes low.
この問題を克服するために、熱交換を改善する方法とし
て、冷却フィンを設ける、あるいは容器内に熱交換パイ
プを設けて水を流すなどの方法が考案された。 しかし
、前者の方法では容器が大型化した場合には、フィンに
よる熱交換は限界を生ずるし、環境温度によっても発生
水素量が変化する等の不安定な点がある。 −方、後者
の方法も気密性が要求されるために構造が複雑化し、大
型化する難点を有し、冷却水の確保が困難な場合には有
効に作動しないなどの問題を抱えている。To overcome this problem, methods have been devised to improve heat exchange, such as installing cooling fins or installing heat exchange pipes inside the container to allow water to flow through it. However, in the former method, when the container becomes large, there is a limit to the heat exchange by the fins, and there are unstable points such as the amount of hydrogen generated changes depending on the environmental temperature. - On the other hand, the latter method also has the disadvantage that the structure is complicated and large because airtightness is required, and it does not work effectively when it is difficult to secure cooling water.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉
一般的な水素貯蔵容器の使用状態として、水素充填は連
続的にほぼ一定の流量で行なわれるのに対して、放出は
間歇的であったり、−時的に大きな流量を要求されたり
することがしばしばである。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> As a general usage condition of a hydrogen storage container, hydrogen filling is carried out continuously at a nearly constant flow rate, whereas hydrogen is released intermittently or at a -temporal rate. Large flow rates are often required.
このため、特開昭５５−１３２６３２号公報において、
顕熱あるいは潜熱の蓄熱媒質と伝熱バリヤを用いた金属
水素化物の水素貯蔵容器を開示している。 しかし、上
記発明の目的は、水素充填時の発熱を蓄熱媒質に顕熱あ
るいは潜熱として蓄熱し、放出の時に利用することにあ
る。 この発熱を有効に利用するため、上記発明では断
熱媒質で容器を取り囲んでいる。 このため、水素の貯
蔵から長時間を経過し、周囲温度と熱的に平衡に達した
容器から水素を放出することは考慮されておらず、周囲
温度と熱的に平衡に達した場合には、有効に、効率よく
水素を取り出すことができない。For this reason, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-132632,
A metal hydride hydrogen storage vessel using a sensible or latent heat storage medium and a heat transfer barrier is disclosed. However, the object of the invention is to store the heat generated during hydrogen filling in a heat storage medium as sensible heat or latent heat, and utilize it when releasing the heat. In order to effectively utilize this heat generation, the above invention surrounds the container with a heat insulating medium. For this reason, it is not considered that hydrogen is released from a container that has been in thermal equilibrium with the ambient temperature for a long time after storage; , hydrogen cannot be extracted effectively and efficiently.
また、このような場合、水素を貯蔵している金属水素化
物には外部から熱を加えねばならないが、伝熱バリヤに
囲まれているため、加熱法が限定されてしまうなどの問
題がある。Further, in such a case, heat must be applied to the metal hydride storing hydrogen from the outside, but since it is surrounded by a heat transfer barrier, heating methods are limited.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点を解消し、金属
水素化物利用の水素貯蔵容器において、該容器の使用環
境温度よりも低い変態温度を持つ潜熱貯蔵物質を前記金
属水素化物とともに前記容器内に挿入することにより、
水素充填後、長時間を経過して前記容器温度も周囲温度
と平衡しているような状況であっても特に負荷変動のは
げしい放出時に反応の律速となっている熱の供給を前記
潜熱貯蔵物質によって行ない、円滑かつ十分に水素を放
出させることのできる水素貯蔵容器を提供することにあ
る。An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and to provide a hydrogen storage container using a metal hydride, in which a latent heat storage material having a transformation temperature lower than the operating environment temperature of the container is added together with the metal hydride. By inserting it into
Even if the temperature of the container is in equilibrium with the ambient temperature after a long period of time after filling with hydrogen, the latent heat storage material is used to supply the heat that is rate-limiting to the reaction, especially during release with severe load fluctuations. The object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen storage container that can smoothly and sufficiently release hydrogen.
く課題を解決するための手段〉
本発明者らは、水素充填径長時間経過して容器温度も周
囲温度に平衡しているような状況において、「周囲温度
〉潜熱貯蔵物質の変態温度〉金属水素化物が所用の放出
圧力を保つ温度」の条件を満足する関係にあれば、円滑
な水素の放出が達成されることを知り、本発明に至った
ものである。Means for Solving the Problems> The present inventors discovered that in a situation where the hydrogen filling diameter has elapsed for a long time and the container temperature is in equilibrium with the ambient temperature, "ambient temperature>transformation temperature of latent heat storage material>metal The present invention was based on the knowledge that smooth hydrogen release can be achieved if the hydride satisfies the condition of "temperature at which the required release pressure is maintained."
すなわち、本発明は、容器の使用される環境温度より低
い変態温度を持つ潜熱貯蔵物質と、金属水素化物とを前
記容器内に挿入したことを特徴とする水素貯蔵容器を提
供するものである。That is, the present invention provides a hydrogen storage container characterized in that a latent heat storage material having a transformation temperature lower than the environmental temperature in which the container is used and a metal hydride are inserted into the container.
また、前記潜熱貯蔵物質と、前記金属水素化物とは隔壁
を介して接してるものであるのが好ましい。Further, it is preferable that the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride are in contact with each other via a partition wall.
以下に、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
本発明は、金属水素化物を充填した水素貯蔵容器におい
て、容器内部に容器の設置される環境温度以下の変態温
度を持つ潜熱貯蔵物質を保持し、該潜熱貯蔵物質と前記
金属水素化物とを熱的に接触させるものである。The present invention provides a hydrogen storage container filled with a metal hydride, in which a latent heat storage material having a transformation temperature lower than the environmental temperature in which the container is installed is held inside the container, and the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride are heated. It is intended to bring people into contact with each other.
本発明に用いられる金属水素化物は、水素吸蔵合金に水
素を発熱的に吸蔵させたものであって、吸熱的に水素を
放出することができるものである。 このような金属水
素化物としては水素吸蔵量が大きく、円滑な水素放出圧
力を所定圧力に保つことができる温度が使用環境温度お
よび潜熱貯蔵物質の変態温度より低いものであればいか
なるものでもよい。 このような金属水素化物を得るた
めの水素吸蔵合金としては表１に示すものを挙げること
ができる。The metal hydride used in the present invention is a hydrogen storage alloy that exothermically stores hydrogen and is capable of endothermically releasing hydrogen. Any metal hydride may be used as long as it has a large hydrogen storage capacity and the temperature at which it can maintain smooth hydrogen release pressure at a predetermined pressure is lower than the operating environment temperature and the transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material. Examples of hydrogen storage alloys for obtaining such metal hydrides include those shown in Table 1.
本発明に用いられる潜熱貯蔵物質は、水素貯蔵容器が使
用される使用環境温度より低い変態温度を持つものであ
ればいかなるものでもよいが、前記水素貯蔵容器の使用
環境温度および使用される金属水素化物に応じて適宜選
択するのが好ましい。 例えば、使用環境温度が低温域
の場合は表２に示す低温用の潜熱貯蔵物質、中温域の場
合は表３に示す中温用の潜熱貯蔵物質および高温域の場
合は表４に示す高温用の潜熱貯蔵物質などを用いること
ができる。The latent heat storage material used in the present invention may be any material as long as it has a transformation temperature lower than the operating environment temperature at which the hydrogen storage container is used. It is preferable to select it appropriately depending on the compound. For example, if the usage environment temperature is in a low temperature range, use the latent heat storage materials for low temperatures shown in Table 2, if the usage environment is in a medium temperature range, use the latent heat storage materials for medium temperatures shown in Table 3, and if the usage environment is in a high temperature range, use the latent heat storage materials for high temperatures shown in Table 4. A latent heat storage material or the like can be used.
本発明において潜熱貯蔵物質を用いるのは、熱供給量が
大きく、金属水素化物を利用した水素貯蔵容器から、水
素を放出させて水素を利用する際、特に負荷変動の激し
い放出時に、反応の律速となる熱の供給を円滑にし、水
素の放出を円滑にすることができるからである。The latent heat storage material is used in the present invention because it has a large amount of heat supply and is rate-limiting for the reaction when hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage container using a metal hydride and used, especially when releasing hydrogen with severe load fluctuations. This is because it is possible to smoothly supply heat and release hydrogen.
本発明において、用いる潜熱貯蔵物質の変態温度を水素
貯蔵容器の使用環境温度より低くするのは、水素放出時
の吸熱によって金属水素化物の温度が低下し、水素放出
圧、放出速度が低下する際に変態時の熱が金属水素化物
に円滑に供給される必要があるからである。In the present invention, the transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material used is set lower than the usage environment temperature of the hydrogen storage container because the temperature of the metal hydride decreases due to heat absorption during hydrogen release, and the hydrogen release pressure and release rate decrease. This is because the heat during the transformation needs to be smoothly supplied to the metal hydride.
また、潜熱貯蔵物質の変態温度が使用環境温度以上であ
ると水素貯蔵後、水素貯蔵容器の長時間にわたる放置に
よって、前記容器が室温と平衡した際には、潜熱貯蔵物
質はすでに変態温度以下になっており、水素放出時の温
度低下に対して変態による熱の供給ができないからであ
る。In addition, if the transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material is higher than the operating environment temperature, if the hydrogen storage container is left for a long time after hydrogen storage, when the container reaches equilibrium with room temperature, the latent heat storage material will have already reached the transformation temperature or lower. This is because heat cannot be supplied by transformation in response to the temperature drop during hydrogen release.
本発明の水素貯蔵容器の水素放出の際に消費された熱は
、潜熱貯蔵物質の変態によって補われるが、この潜熱貯
蔵物質から奪われた熱は水素の放出が止んだ後に、徐々
に外部からの伝熱により供給されればよい。 もちろん
、再び水素を吸蔵させることにより、水素吸蔵時の発熱
により供給してもよい。The heat consumed during hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage container of the present invention is compensated for by the transformation of the latent heat storage material, and the heat removed from the latent heat storage material is gradually absorbed from the outside after the hydrogen release stops. It suffices if it is supplied by heat transfer. Of course, hydrogen may be stored again and supplied by the heat generated during hydrogen storage.
本発明において用いられる容器は、水素、水素吸蔵合金
あるいは金属水素化物および潜熱貯蔵物質と反応せず、
これらの物質を好適に収納でき、貯蔵、運搬、利用の際
に破壊しない程の強度を有するものであれば、その材質
、形状はいかなるものでもよく、使用環境に応じて適宜
選ぶことができる。The container used in the present invention does not react with hydrogen, hydrogen storage alloys or metal hydrides, and latent heat storage materials;
Any material and shape may be used as long as it can suitably accommodate these substances and is strong enough not to be destroyed during storage, transportation, and use, and can be appropriately selected depending on the usage environment.
本発明においては、限られた容量の容器を使用した上で
、高密度に、すなわち、できるだけ多くの水素を貯蔵す
るのが好ましく、このため金属水素化物と潜熱貯蔵物質
の割合が重要であるが、この割合は、容器形状、使用環
境温度、放出水素圧力等により各金属水素化物と潜熱貯
蔵物質の組み合わせに応じて定まるものである。In the present invention, it is preferable to use a container with a limited capacity and store hydrogen at high density, that is, as much hydrogen as possible, and for this reason, the ratio of metal hydride and latent heat storage material is important. This ratio is determined depending on the combination of each metal hydride and latent heat storage material, depending on the shape of the container, the operating environment temperature, the released hydrogen pressure, etc.
ところで、潜熱貯蔵物質によっては、金属水素化物と反
応して、腐食等を生じどちらか一方あるいは双方を不活
性化するものがあり、また、潜熱貯蔵物質が水素を吸収
して、それ自身が不活性化するものもある。 このよう
な場合には、前記潜熱貯蔵物質と前記金属水素化物とは
都合のよい組み合わせを適宜選択したりあるいは隔壁を
介して接触させておくのが好ましい。 ここで、この隔
壁は前記潜熱貯蔵物質と前記金属水素化物とが直接反応
はしないが、熱的には接触している状態となるものであ
ればいかなるものでもよく、例えば、第１ａ図のように
潜熱貯蔵物質に熱伝導性のある樹脂被膜を形成させたり
、第１ｂ図のように金属水素化物に水素透過性および熱
伝導性樹脂被膜を形成させてもよいし、第１Ｃ図のよう
に潜熱貯蔵物質と金属水素化物の両者に熱伝導性樹脂被
膜を形成させてもよい。 このように潜熱貯蔵物質と金
属水素化物の少なくとも一方を樹脂等の熱伝導性被膜を
形成させておくのがよい。 しかし、金属水素化物に樹
脂被覆する場合は、水素透過性とする必要がある。 こ
のような場合には潜熱貯蔵物質と金属水素化物とは両者
のうち少なくとも一方が隔壁を有するものであり、両者
を混合して容器内に挿入しておくのがよい。 さらに、
第２図に示すように、金属水素化物と潜熱貯蔵物質とを
熱電導性の隔壁を介して別々に分離して挿入していても
よい。By the way, some latent heat storage materials react with metal hydrides, causing corrosion, etc., and inactivating one or both of them.Also, latent heat storage materials absorb hydrogen and become inactive themselves. Some are activating. In such a case, it is preferable that the latent heat storage substance and the metal hydride are brought into contact with each other through a partition wall or by appropriately selecting a convenient combination. Here, the partition wall may be of any type as long as the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride do not directly react with each other but are in thermal contact with each other, for example, as shown in FIG. 1a. A thermally conductive resin film may be formed on a latent heat storage material, a hydrogen permeable and thermally conductive resin film may be formed on a metal hydride as shown in Fig. 1B, or a hydrogen permeable and thermally conductive resin film may be formed on a metal hydride as shown in Fig. 1C. A thermally conductive resin film may be formed on both the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride. In this way, it is preferable to form a thermally conductive film such as a resin on at least one of the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride. However, when a metal hydride is coated with a resin, it is necessary to make it hydrogen permeable. In such a case, at least one of the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride has a partition wall, and it is preferable to mix the two and insert the mixture into the container. moreover,
As shown in FIG. 2, the metal hydride and the latent heat storage material may be inserted separately via a thermoconductive partition.
〈実施例〉
以下に本発明を実施例および比較例に基づいて具体的に
説明する。<Examples> The present invention will be specifically described below based on Examples and Comparative Examples.
（実施例１）
第３図に示すように、金属水素化物１として５０〜１０
０μｍのＴ−ｉ Ｆ ｅ ０．ｓ＋ Ｍ ｎｏ、＋ １
５ｋｇと、潜熱貯蔵物質２として不純物として若干のＭ
ｇＢｒ２ ・６Ｈ２０を含むＣａＣｌ２ ・６Ｈ２
０１，２ｋｇとを外径１００ｍｍ、長さ６００ｍｍの容
器６に充填して水素貯蔵容器とした。 なお、潜熱貯蔵
物質２は、５ＵＳ３１６製容器６内の外径４４ｍｍの同
じく５ＵＳ３１６製内円筒容器７に封入して用いた。(Example 1) As shown in FIG. 3, 50 to 10
0 μm T-i Fe 0. s+ M no, + 1
5 kg and some M as an impurity as latent heat storage material 2.
CaCl2 ・6H2 containing gBr2 ・6H20
A container 6 having an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 600 mm was filled with 1.2 kg of hydrogen to form a hydrogen storage container. Note that the latent heat storage material 2 was used by being sealed in an inner cylindrical container 7 also made of 5US316 and having an outer diameter of 44 mm within a container 6 made of 5US316.
この容器から２５分間隔で５分間づつ間歇的に水素を放
出させた時、の流量特性は第４ａ図のようであった。When hydrogen was released from this container intermittently for 5 minutes at 25 minute intervals, the flow rate characteristics were as shown in Figure 4a.
（比較例１）
比較のために潜熱貯蔵物質２である
ＣａＣｌ２ ・６Ｈ２０を用いず←実施例１と同様の放
出実験を行なった。 その結果は第４ｂ図に示す。(Comparative Example 1) For comparison, a release experiment similar to Example 1 was conducted without using CaCl2.6H20, which is the latent heat storage material 2. The results are shown in Figure 4b.
実施例１においては放出開始後５分経過後も水素流量の
低下は小さく、安定して水素が供給される様子がわかる
。 これに対し、比較例１においては、放出開始直後か
ら水素流量は大・きく低下し、５分後には約半分の水素
流量となり、間歇放出の回数を重ねるごとに水素流量の
低下が増大することがわかる。In Example 1, the decrease in the hydrogen flow rate was small even after 5 minutes had passed after the start of release, and it can be seen that hydrogen was stably supplied. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the hydrogen flow rate decreased greatly immediately after the start of discharge, and after 5 minutes, the hydrogen flow rate was about half, and the decrease in hydrogen flow rate increased as the number of intermittent discharges increased. I understand.
表４ 高温用の潜熱貯蔵物質（８０〜１２０℃用）
＊固体密度使用
〈発明の効果〉
以上、詳述したように、本発明によれば、金属水素化物
利用水素貯蔵容器において、該容器の使用環境温度より
低い変態温度を有する潜熱貯蔵物質を用いることにより
、水素充填時に比べて負荷変動の大きい水素放出時に、
充分な放出速度を得ることができ、冷却本、熱交換水等
の供給設備を必要としない単純な構成のコンパクトで使
い易い金属水素化物利用の水素貯蔵容器を提供できると
いう効果がある。Table 4 Latent heat storage material for high temperature (80-120℃)
*Use of solid density <Effect of the invention> As detailed above, according to the present invention, a latent heat storage material having a transformation temperature lower than the operating environment temperature of the container is used in a hydrogen storage container utilizing metal hydride. As a result, when releasing hydrogen, which has large load fluctuations compared to when filling with hydrogen,
The present invention has the advantage that it is possible to provide a hydrogen storage container using a metal hydride that has a simple structure, is compact, and is easy to use, which can obtain a sufficient release rate and does not require supply equipment such as a cooling main or heat exchange water.
さらに、本発明によれば、例え、水素充填径長時間を経
過し、使用環境温度と熱的に平衡に達した場合であって
も、充分な放出速度を確保できる。 従りて、本発明の
水素貯蔵容器は水素の充填、貯蔵、輸送および利用にお
いても、特別な設備および処置を要しないので、取り扱
いが極めて簡便である。Further, according to the present invention, a sufficient release rate can be ensured even if the hydrogen filling diameter has elapsed for a long time and reached thermal equilibrium with the usage environment temperature. Therefore, the hydrogen storage container of the present invention does not require any special equipment or treatment for filling, storing, transporting, and using hydrogen, and is extremely easy to handle.
第１ａ図、第１ｂ図および第１Ｃ図は、本発明の水素貯
蔵容器における金属水素化物と潜熱貯蔵物質のそれぞれ
異なる混合形態（混合法）の−例を示す図である。
第２図は、本発明の水素貯蔵容器における金属水素化物
と潜熱貯蔵物質との容器内の状態（分離法）の−例を示
す図である。
第３図は、本発明の水素貯蔵容器の一例を示す断面図で
ある。
第４ａ図は、第３図に示す本発明の水素貯蔵容器を用い
、た実施１例の水素放出パターンを示すグラフであり、
第４ｂ図は、比較例の水素放出パターンを示すグラフで
ある。
符号の説明
１・・・金属水素化物、 ２・・・潜熱貯蔵物質、３
．４・・・樹脂被膜、 ５・・・隔壁、６・・・容器
、 ７・・・内円筒容器ＦＩＧ、４ａ
ＦＩＧ、４ｂ
日１ 間 （つ１）
ＦＩＧ、１ａ
ＦＩＧ、２
ＦＩＧ、１ｂ ＦＩＧ、１ｃＦＩＧ、３
虐轟Figures 1a, 1b and 1c are diagrams showing examples of different mixing forms (mixing methods) of metal hydride and latent heat storage material in the hydrogen storage container of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the state (separation method) of the metal hydride and the latent heat storage material in the hydrogen storage container of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the hydrogen storage container of the present invention. FIG. 4a is a graph showing a hydrogen release pattern of an example using the hydrogen storage container of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 4b is a graph showing the hydrogen release pattern of the comparative example. Explanation of symbols 1...Metal hydride, 2...Latent heat storage substance, 3
．． 4... Resin coating, 5... Partition wall, 6... Container, 7... Inner cylindrical container FIG, 4a FIG, 4b day 1 FIG, 1a FIG, 2 FIG, 1b FIG, 1cFIG, 3 Atrocities
Claims (2)
つ潜熱貯蔵物質と、金属水素化物とを前記容器内に挿入
したことを特徴とする水素貯蔵容器。(1) A hydrogen storage container characterized in that a latent heat storage material having a transformation temperature lower than the environmental temperature in which the container is used and a metal hydride are inserted into the container.
を介して接しているものである請求項１記載の水素貯蔵
容器。(2) The hydrogen storage container according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat storage material and the metal hydride are in contact with each other via a partition wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63023467A JPH01197301A (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-02-03 | Hydrogen storage vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63023467A JPH01197301A (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-02-03 | Hydrogen storage vessel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01197301A true JPH01197301A (en) | 1989-08-09 |
Family
ID=12111332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63023467A Pending JPH01197301A (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-02-03 | Hydrogen storage vessel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01197301A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5462021A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1995-10-31 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Hydrogen gas supply systems for hydrogen engine and method of supplying hydrogen gas to the hydrogen gas supply system |
| EP1574828A2 (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-14 | ABB Limited | Electromagnetic flow meter insert |
-
1988
- 1988-02-03 JP JP63023467A patent/JPH01197301A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5462021A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1995-10-31 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Hydrogen gas supply systems for hydrogen engine and method of supplying hydrogen gas to the hydrogen gas supply system |
| EP1574828A2 (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-14 | ABB Limited | Electromagnetic flow meter insert |
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