JPH08201527A - Formation elastic wave automatic generation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a method and apparatus for automatically generating formation elastic waves that efficiently and fully perform the shallow reflection method for surveying formations. [Structure] A thick wooden board 11 laid on the ground surface G, a hammer 12 for hammering the end surface 11a of the recessed portion of the thick wooden board 11, a hammer rotating mechanism 7 for moving the hammer 12 in an arc, and the hammer. A hydraulic pressure-operated hammer swing-up mechanism 8 that lifts 12 to the upper limit start position of the free-fall arc motion; and a hammer holding mechanism 9 installed at the upper limit start position of the impact hammer 12 free-fall arc motion.
Striking hammer 12 Hammer brake mechanism 10 for gently stopping the free-falling arc motion, and thick wooden board 11 concave piece end surface 1
1a, a bomb detection sensor 33, a cylinder B, and a control device D that continuously controls a series of striking operations.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the shallow reflection method, which is one of the geological surveys carried out in advance, when constructing civil engineering works such as non-excavation propulsion method and shield method. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a formation elastic wave generation method suitable for exploration on an asphalt road surface in a large number of cities and generating stable elastic waves (transverse waves: S waves) in the ground, and a device directly used for the execution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the shallow layer reflection method for exploring the boundary of a stratum, a thick wooden board installed on a ground surface (ground) G as shown in FIG. 5 is used as a device for generating elastic waves (hereinafter referred to as an epicenter). There is a method of hitting one end surface of No. 1 with a hammer 2 by human power to generate an elastic wave (hereinafter, referred to as a plate tapping method). In the figure, 3 is a weight.

Also disclosed in JP-A-5-40274,
A wooden plank 1 as shown in FIG. 6 and a pair of electromagnetic hammers 4, 4 are mounted face-to-face, and electromagnetic force is applied to a plate 5 to be hit upright mounted on the thick wooden plate 1 between the opposing faces. A method of generating elastic waves by hitting with a hitting body 6 (hereinafter referred to as an electromagnetic hammer method) is used.

[0004]

In the plate tapping method, it is difficult to continuously hit for a short time, repeat work for a long time, and maintain constant constant hitting energy because the power source depends on human power. There are drawbacks.

Further, in the electromagnetic hammer system,
In order to obtain the impact energy required for this investigation method, the impact device itself must be increased in size, and the power supply device must be increased accordingly. Therefore, there are drawbacks such as poor workability because the measurement involves preparation, cleaning up, portability of movement, and short-distance movement on the road.

Here, the main objects to be solved by the present invention are as follows. That is, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for automatically generating a formation elastic wave that can efficiently perform a shallow reflection method for a formation investigation.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for automatically generating a formation elastic wave, which makes it possible to maintain a constant constant hitting energy constant and continuously.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for automatically generating formation acoustic waves which are excellent in unloading and loading movability on site and small-scale workability.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for automatically forming a formation elastic wave using a fluid pressure operating method.

A fifth feature of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for automatically generating a formation elastic wave, which prevents double impact of a hammer and prevents generation of noise as much as possible to improve measurement accuracy. It is something to do.・

A sixth feature of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for automatically generating a formation elastic wave that enables programming control of a series of striking motions by a striking hammer.

Other objects of the present invention include the specification, drawings,
In particular, it will be apparent from the description of the claims.

[0013]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the above-mentioned object is achieved by adopting the novel characteristic methods and means listed in the following by the present invention. That is, the first feature of the method of the present invention is that, above the thick plate laid on the ground surface, first, the impact hammer is urged against the gravitational force by an appropriate power centering on the base end of the hammer arm to the upper limit position of a certain height. Up to the upper limit position and then urging a holding force to temporarily stop the impact hammer at the upper limit position, cancel the lifting force by the power, and then release the holding force to center the hammer arm base end. To cause a free-falling arc motion on the impact hammer, and at the end, tap the thick plate one end surface with the hammer that arc-inertically falls, and further, a braking force that buffers and absorbs the reaction rebound force of the impact hammer. The formation elastic wave itself is generated by forcibly generating elastic transverse waves in the ground by the shearing force generated between the thick plate and the ground surface through the series of operations. In the generation method.

The second feature of the method of the present invention is that the appropriate power, holding force and braking force in the first feature of the method of the present invention are:
It is a method for automatically generating formation elastic waves that is fluid pressure such as hydraulic pressure, air pressure, and water pressure.

The third feature of the method of the present invention resides in the method for automatically generating formation acoustic waves in which the thick plate and the impact hammer in the first or second feature of the method of the present invention are made of wood or plastic.

A fourth feature of the method of the present invention is that the series of operations in the first, second or third feature of the method of the present invention is
It is an automatic generation method of formation elastic waves that is continuously repeated.

The first feature of the device of the present invention is that a thick plate laid on the surface of the ground, a striking hammer that strikes one end face of the thick plate, a hammer rotating mechanism that causes the striking hammer to move in an arc, and the striking. Fluid-powered hammer swing-up mechanism that lifts the hammer to the upper limit start position of the free-fall arc motion, hammer holding mechanism installed at the upper-limit start position of the impact hammer free-fall arc motion, and hammer that gently stops the impact hammer free-fall arc motion. A stratum elastic wave automatic generation device includes a brake mechanism, a hit detection sensor for one end face of the thick plate, a pressure supply source, and a control device that continuously controls a series of hit operations.

A second feature of the device of the present invention is that the impact hammer, the hammer rotation mechanism, the hammer swing-up mechanism, the hammer holding mechanism, the hammer brake mechanism, the impact detection sensor and the pressure supply source in the first feature of the device of the present invention are provided. , It is an automatic formation device for elastic waves formed on a thick plate.

A third feature of the device of the present invention is that the hammer rotating mechanism according to the first or second feature of the device of the present invention is
There is an automatic formation elastic wave generation device in which a hammer arm base end is fixed to a rotary shaft which is rotatably supported at both ends between upper ends of left and right side frames which are arranged side by side.

A fourth feature of the device of the present invention is that the hammer swing-up mechanism according to the first, second or third feature of the device of the present invention is slidable in and out of a cylinder whose tail end is pivotally supported by a cylinder installation base. The rod inserted inside is inserted into a guide tube that is rotatably mounted in the center between the left and right side frames so as to be guided and regulated, while the rod is attached to a push-up plate whose one end is cantilevered to the rotary shaft of the hammer rotation mechanism. This is an automatic formation device for elastic waves in which the head is allowed to abut freely.

A fifth feature of the device of the present invention is that the hammer holding mechanism according to the first, second, third or fourth feature of the device of the present invention is suspended between the upper edges of the left and right side frames. Under the ceiling plate, the formation elastic wave is constructed by arranging a fluid pressure operated cylinder with a holding pin that is inserted into and retracted from a pin hole that penetrates the hammer arm that is brought up to the upper limit, and that is retractable. It is in an automatic generator.

A sixth feature of the device of the present invention is the lower limit of the hammer brake mechanism according to the first, second, third, fourth or fifth feature of the device of the present invention, which taps the end face of the concave recess of the thick plate. A striking hammer that has fallen to a position is pressed and pressed immediately after striking, and a rod for fixing a brake pad is inserted and retracted. It is in an elastic wave automatic generator.

[0023]

The present invention has the following performances since it takes the novel method and means as mentioned above. (1) The hammer rotating mechanism causes the striking hammer to move in a free-falling arc, and the striking is performed thereby, so that stable striking energy can be obtained.

(2) The hammer brake mechanism is used to gently stop the impact hammer to prevent double impacts and suppress noise generation. (3) An integrated structure can be obtained by using a cylinder or the like as a fluid pressure source. (4) Stable continuous repeated impact for a long time is possible.

[0025]

【Example】

(Device Example 1) A first device example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic formation apparatus of formation elastic wave of this device example, FIGS. 2 to 4 are explanatory views of the device body, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device body, FIG. 3 is a side view of the device body, and FIG. Four
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the device body.

This example of the apparatus comprises an apparatus main body A, a cylinder B, a valve case C and a controller D, and the apparatus main body A is
The thick wooden board 11 is struck by the hammer 12 using the hammer rotation mechanism 7, the hammer swing-up mechanism 8, the hammer holding mechanism 9, and the hammer brake mechanism 10, and the impact force generated at that time is applied to the thick wooden board 11 and the ground. It is a device that transmits to the ground by the shearing force generated between G and generates elastic waves in the stratum. In this device example, each device is mounted on a thick wooden board 11.

The hammer rotating mechanism 7 includes the hammer 1
2 and a parallel hammer arm 13 to which the impact hammer 12 is attached at the tip, and a rotary shaft 14 for fixing the base end of the parallel hammer arm 13 to each other. The rotating shaft 1
4 is rotatably supported at its both ends between a pair of left and right side frames 16 and 17 which are tilted side by side on a base 15 integrally laid on a thick wooden board 11.

The hammer swing-up mechanism 8 includes a cylinder 18 for moving the hammer 12 to the upper limit start position of the free fall arc motion, a rod 19 reciprocally slidably mounted on the cylinder 18, and a forked tail end 8a of the cylinder 18. A bracket 21 of the cylinder installation table 20 for pivoting,
It is composed of a pivot 22. The hammer 12
Is wooden. The material of the hammer 12 may be plastic.

The rod 19 is inserted into the guide cylinder 23 so as to be guided and regulated, and the guide cylinder 23 has left and right wing shafts 24 and 24 extending from both sides thereof.
Both ends are rotatably supported through the intermediate portions of 6, 17 and a head 19a having a T-shape attached to the outer end of the rod 19 is provided at the center of the rotary shaft 14 with the base end having a required side surface inclination angle. And a cantilevered T-shaped push-up plate 25 is abutted against it.

Further, the hammer holding mechanism 9 has a holding pin 26 for holding the hammer 12 at the upper limit start position,
It is composed of a cylinder 27 for moving the holding pin 26, and a ceiling plate 28 for fixing these under one side eaves. The ceiling plate 28 is suspended between the horizontal upper ends 16a and 17a of the left and right side frames 16 and 17 and the leading edges thereof.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hammer brake mechanism 10 presses and brakes the impact hammer 12 immediately after the impact on the impact hammer 12 which has fallen to the lower limit position of the recessed edge end face 15a of the base 15 for impacting the concave edge end face 11a of the thick wooden board 11. A hydraulic pressure-operated cylinder 31 in which a rod 30 for freely fixing a brake pad 29 fixed to the outer end is retractably slidably inserted and a detected piece 32 attached to one side surface of the hammer 12 are detected relative to each other. The hit detection sensor 33 and the concave portions 11b and 15b
The left and right parallel protrusions 11c, 11d, 15c, and 15d are arranged on one side of each.

(Method Example) The execution procedure of the method example of the present invention applied to the present apparatus will be described step by step. (1) First, the rod 19 is extended by being guided and regulated by the guide cylinder 23 by the cylinder 18, and the head 19a of the rod 19 abuts against the lower surface of the push-up plate 25 and pushes up against gravity, and the rotary shaft integral with this. With the rotation of 14, the parallel hammer arm 13 is lifted, and at the same time, the impact hammer 12 attached to the parallel hammer arm 13 is also swung up.

(2) When the parallel hammer arm 13 and the impact hammer 12 are lifted to the upper limit start position of the free-falling arc motion, the cylinder 27 extends the holding pin 26,
The parallel hammer arm 13 enters a pin hole (not shown) in the parallel hammer arm 13, and the parallel hammer arm 13 is held and fixed at a fixed position. (3) The rod 19 is contracted by the cylinder 18, and the head 19a of the rod 19 and the push-up plate 25 are separated from each other.

(4) Next, the holding pin 26 is pulled out by the cylinder 27, the parallel hammer arm 13 centers on the rotary shaft 18, and the hammer 12 begins to fall freely.
Finally, the recessed piece end surface 11a of the thick wooden board 11 is hit.

(5) The moment of impact can be sensed by the impact detection sensor 23 and the detected piece 32, which are installed and attached to the right parallel protrusion 15d of the base 15 and the impact hammer 12, respectively, whereby the brake cylinder 31 operates, Brake pad 29 hits hammer 12 that has rebounded after being hit
Is pressed and braked to stop gently, preventing double impact of the hammer 12.

Then, the brake pad 29 is released,
Returning to the step (1), the impact is repeated and the formation elastic wave is forcibly excited continuously. The three cylinders 18, 27 and 31 are programming sequence controlled by a control device D installed separately from the thick wooden board 11. The pressure supply source that drives the three cylinders 18, 27, 31 is composed of a pressure cylinder B, pneumatic piping, an electromagnetic valve built in the valve case C, and the like.

Further, by connecting the head 19a of the rod 19 of the cylinder 18 to the push-up plate 25 with a pin, it is possible to strike with the pushing force of the cylinder 18 and control the striking energy. Further, although the thick wooden board has been exclusively described in the present embodiment, the thick plastic board can also be effectively realized.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained. That is, (1) the pressure supply source can also be mounted on a thick wooden board to integrate the apparatus, and therefore, the operation and time at the time of movement can be reduced. (2) The measurement efficiency is improved because continuous repeated hits in a short time are possible. (3) A constant impact energy can be maintained and a sufficient reaching distance can be obtained by the free-falling arc motion. Further, the double hitting prevention mechanism improves the S / N ratio of the measurement data.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a formation elastic wave automatic generator according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus body of the above.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the apparatus body of the above.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the apparatus body of the above.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional plate tapping method.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional electromagnetic hammer system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A ... Device body B ... Cylinder C ... Valve case D ... Control device G ... Ground 1, 11 ... Thick wooden board 2 ... Hammer 3 ... Weight 4 ... Electromagnetic hammer 5 ... Hit plate 6 ... Hitting body 7 ... Hammer rotation mechanism 8 ... Hammer raising mechanism 9 ... Hammer holding mechanism 10 ... Hammer brake mechanism 11a, 15a ... Recessed end face 11b, 15b ... Recessed portion 11c, 11d, 15c, 15d ... Parallel protrusion 12 ... Impact hammer 13 ... Parallel hammer arm 14 ... Rotating shaft 15 ... Base plate 16, 17 ... Side frame 16a, 17a ... Horizontal upper end 18, 27, 31 ... Cylinder 18a ... Forked tail end 19, 30 ... Rod 19a ... Head 20 ... Cylinder installation base 21 ... Bracket 22 ... Axis 23 ... Guide cylinder 24 ... Wing shaft 25 ... Push-up plate 26 ... Holding pin 28 ... Ceiling plate 29 ... Pad 32 ... Detected piece 33 ... Striking detection sensor

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Sadamoto Sadao 1-1-6 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. Above a thick plate laid on the surface of the ground, first of all, the impact hammer is lifted up to an upper limit position of a certain height against the gravity with appropriate power centering on the base end of the hammer arm, and then the upper limit. The holding force that temporarily stops the impact hammer at the position is applied, the lifting force by the power is released, and then the retention force is released and the impact hammer freely falls around the hammer arm base end. A circular arc motion is generated, and at the end, one end face of the thick plate is tapped by the striking hammer that falls in the circular arc inertia, and the braking force that absorbs the reaction rebound force of the striking hammer is absorbed and then released. Then, a shear elastic wave generated between the thick plate and the ground surface through the series of operations forcibly generates an elastic transverse wave in the ground. Automatic generation method. 2. The automatic formation method for elastic waves of stratum according to claim 1, wherein the power, the holding force and the braking force are fluid pressures such as hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure and hydraulic pressure. 3. The automatic formation elastic wave generation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thick plate and the hammer are made of wood or plastic. 4. The method for automatically generating a formation elastic wave according to claim 1, wherein the series of operations is repeated continuously. 5. A thick plate laid on the surface of the ground, a striking hammer for striking one end face of the thick plate, a hammer rotating mechanism for moving the striking hammer in an arc, and an upper limit of free-falling arc movement for the striking hammer. A fluid pressure-operated hammer swing-up mechanism that lifts to the start position, a hammer holding mechanism installed at the upper limit start position of the impact hammer free-fall arc motion, a hammer brake mechanism that gently stops the impact hammer free-fall arc motion, and the thick plate piece An automatic formation acoustic wave generator comprising: an impact detection sensor on an end face; a pressure supply source; and a control device that continuously controls a sequence of impact operations. 6. The striking hammer, the hammer rotating mechanism, the hammer swinging mechanism, the hammer holding mechanism, the hammer brake mechanism, the striking detection sensor, and the pressure supply source are mounted on a thick plate. Formation elastic wave automatic generator. 7. The hammer rotation mechanism is characterized in that the hammer arm base end is fixed to a rotary shaft rotatably supported at both ends between the upper ends of the left and right side frames standing side by side relative to each other. Or the formation elastic wave automatic generation device of 6. 8. A hammer swing-up mechanism is such that a rod, which is slidably inserted into and retracted from a cylinder whose tail end is pivotally supported on a cylinder installation base, is reciprocally slidably inserted into a guide cylinder which is rotatably mounted in the center between left and right side frames. 8. The stratum according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the head of the rod is abutted against a push-up plate whose one end is cantilevered and fixed to the rotary shaft of the hammer rotation mechanism while being internally passed through. Automatic elastic wave generator. 9. A hammer holding mechanism is provided so that it can be freely inserted into a pin hole penetrating a hammer arm brought up to the upper limit under a ceiling plate piece eaves suspended between upper ends of left and right side frames. A fluid-pressure actuated cylinder provided with a pin that is capable of retracting and reciprocating is installed, and the automatic formation acoustic wave generator according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8. 10. The hammer brake mechanism is capable of reciprocally slidingly moving a rod for fixing a brake pad that hits and strikes a hitting hammer that has fallen to a lower limit position for hitting an end surface of a recessed portion of a thick plate immediately after hitting. The automatic formation acoustic wave generator according to claim 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein a fluid pressure operated cylinder inserted in the above is disposed on one side of the recessed portion.