JPH078185B2 - Composition for promoting growth of cultivated plant, method of using the same, and equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composition used for promoting the growth of cultivated plants such as vegetables and shiitake mushrooms, a method of using the same, and an apparatus for use thereof, and more specifically, water absorbed by the cultivated plants. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composition that can be easily used, which promotes the growth of a cultivated plant by contact with the composition, a method of using the composition, and a device that can be used efficiently.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, hydroponics for cultivating plants without using soil has come to be often performed from the viewpoint of efficient cultivation, as a means for avoiding continuous cropping failures in greenhouses. The device is also commercially available. In this hydroponics, a method of directly immersing the roots in a culture solution consisting of water and fertilizer,
There is a method of applying roots to chemically inert materials such as pebbles and vermiculite, but in recent years, the method of directly dipping roots in a culture solution has increased due to the simple residual root treatment. In the method of directly immersing the roots in the culture solution, the lid of the cultivation tank is made of foamed polyethylene or the like, and the cultivation solution is circulated in the cultivation tank so as to support the crop.

Further, in the case of cultivating a young plant such as a cracked radish which is still in the growth process, a method of sowing seeds on a hygroscopic soft mat to replenish water is adopted.

Further, in the greenhouse cultivation, in order to replenish the water content of the crops on the furrow, water is pumped and sprinkler sprinkles water.

On the other hand, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms, the raw wood is soaked in a pool of water to pull up the submerged raw wood, and a large number of small holes are made in this to inoculate spores, which are inoculum, and water is successively supplemented to the extent that it does not dry. I am trying to do it.

[0006]

In the conventional hydroponic culture described above, cultivation of seedlings sown on a mat, cultivation of house mushrooms and other cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, etc. With the current technology, the improvement of the yield has almost reached the limit, and it was difficult to increase the yield any more.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a composition that can be easily used in water used for cultivated plants and that can increase the yield, and a method of using the same and The purpose is to provide a tool for use.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the inventors of the present invention have eagerly ascertained whether or not there is any means for promoting the growth of plants by applying some means to water used for cultivated plants. As a result of the search, a test was conducted by focusing on the action of the permanent electrode of tourmaline in water (see Solid State Physics: 1989, Vol. 24, No. 12, P49 § 4, Water Molecules and Ions), and the following composition was obtained. It was found that it is effective to use in water.

That is, the composition for accelerating the growth of cultivated plants is composed of 40 to 50% by weight of a mineral content such as diatomaceous earth, which is a component for supplementing minerals indispensable for the growth of plants, alkali content and minerals. Zeolites containing a certain amount of calcium (also called zeolite) 10 to 20% by weight, tourmaline 10-2 which ionizes water by contact with water
0% by weight of each powder is sintered into a small predetermined shape with a binder such as alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ).

As a method of using the above composition, in the case of hydroponics, the culture solution can be passed through a pipe path from a pump for circulating the culture solution in a cultivation tank while being in contact with the composition. It is advisable to load the composition into and circulate the culture solution.

Further, in the case of a sprinkler for sprinkling water on a cultivated plant in a house cultivation or the like, the water supply pipe of the sprinkler is charged with the composition so that the water can pass while being in contact with the composition. It is effective to sprinkle water with it.

Further, as a method of using the above composition for shiitake cultivation, water can be passed while contacting with the above composition through a water supply passage (pipe etc.) used for a pool in which raw logs for cultivation are immersed. On the other hand, it is advisable to use make-up water that comes into contact with the composition and uses the make-up water to make sure that the raw wood soaked with water is inoculated with the inoculum (spores) so that it will not dry after inoculation.

On the other hand, as an instrument used to bring water or a culture solution for cultivating a cultivated plant into contact with the above composition, a hollow cylindrical container having upper and lower sides closed, and a supply pipe for the water or the culture solution. a discharge pipe, it in close proximity to the tangent of the inner peripheral surface of the cross section axis has a circular container each tube and parallel
So that the supply pipe is on the bottom of the side wall of the container and the discharge pipe is on the container side.
While being attached to the upper part of the wall, and further configured to prevent the passage of the composition enclosed therein at the tube opening in the container ,
By enclosing the composition in the container so that the composition can freely flow, it is possible to construct a device for use in which the composition is efficiently contacted with water or a culture solution.

[0014]

As described above, since the composition for promoting growth of the present invention is constituted, a water supply path such as a pipe to a place for growing using water such as a cultivation tank for cultivated plants or a seedling mat for seedlings In, by providing the composition in contact with water, such as by allowing water to contact and flow, among the compositions sintered into a predetermined small shape (small diameter spherical or small diameter hollow cylindrical shape), When the tourmaline portion comes into contact with water, the water in the contact portion is ionized and H ⁺ ions and OH ⁻ ions are separated. Mineral content in mineral inclusions such as diatomaceous earth in this composition (for example, in the case of diatomaceous earth, generally 85 to
Iron, calcium, other than about 95% of SiO ₂ ,
(Magnesium, etc.) is an element necessary for plant growth, and when absorbed by plants, it promotes plant growth. Therefore, the ionization of water by tourmaline at this time has a favorable effect on the absorption of minerals by plants. Giving and promoting the growth of the plant by facilitating the absorption of the mineral into the plant itself, the zeolite (zeolite) in the above composition contains an alkali and a calcium which is a mineral, and has a favorable effect on the growth of the plant. As a result of various tests, it was confirmed that the above composition has the action of promoting the growth of cultivated plants and increasing the yield as shown in Examples 1 and 2 described later. .

When the composition of the present invention is used by bringing water or a culture solution into contact with each other, the composition may be simply immersed. For example, in the case of hydroponics, the culture solution is circulated in a cultivation tank. When the method of circulating the culture solution by charging it so that the culture solution can contact and pass through the piping path from the pump for improving the contact efficiency between the composition and the culture solution, the composition can be effectively treated. Can be used for In addition, when using without circulating water, for example, in a sprinkler that sprays water on cultivated plants, it is possible to use water in the same way as in the case where the sprinkler is sprayed so that water can contact and pass through the water supply pipe. I can.

In addition, the composition is used by contacting it with water used in a pool for immersing logs of shiitake cultivation, and contacting the composition with replenishing water that replenishes the logs after inoculation so as not to dry them. Can be effectively used to promote the growth of shiitake mushrooms.

On the other hand, when using the instrument used as described above, water or a culture solution is pressure-fed by a pump and fed into the hollow cylindrical container from the supply pipe of the instrument, as understood from FIG. The water or the culture solution moves upward from the bottom of the hollow cylindrical container while swirling along the inner surface of the cylindrical container, and is discharged from the discharge pipe. At this time, since the composition that is fluidly enclosed in the container is agitated by this water flow (liquid flow), the amount of contact between water or the culture solution and the composition increases, and the water content is increased by the collision between the compositions. Since the compositions rub against each other in the (liquid), mineral contents such as tourmaline and diatomaceous earth, which are sintered components, are likely to be exposed on the surface, and the contact efficiency with water (liquid) can be improved. it can.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Examples of the composition of the present invention, a method of using the composition, and a device for using the same will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a composition for accelerating growth which is provided with the composition of the present invention. Composition 1a shown in FIG. 1 (A) has an outer diameter of 4 to 5 mmφ. The composition 1b shown in Fig. (B) is shown as a bamboo ring-shaped composition having a length of 5 to 6 mm.
Indicates a spherically sintered composition having a diameter of 4 to 5 mm.
The former composition 1a can be used more efficiently than the latter composition 1b because the area of the outer surface which is the contact surface with water can be increased at the same weight. These compositions contain tourmaline (also called tourmaline) 10 to 20% by weight.
And 40 to 50% by weight of mineral inclusions such as diatomaceous earth,
Zeolite (also referred to as zeolite) 10 to 20% by weight was crushed into powder, and powdered alumina (γ
-Alumina) and add water to mold it, then about 800 ℃
It was heated and sintered.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the composition of the present invention is used for hydroponic cultivation. In the cultivation tank 2, a culture solution (elements necessary for growth by adding a fertilizer component to water) is used. Aqueous solution 3) is contained so as to be kept at a predetermined depth by means not shown. On the upper part of the cultivation tank 2, a support plate 4 for the cultivated plant V is placed by being formed of foamed plastic so as to cover the upper opening. The support plate 4 has vertical and horizontal grid-like plant supporting holes of a predetermined diameter on its surface, and in each supporting hole, a plant supporting member 4a made of a small columnar maltoprene or the like is cultivated. The base of V is sandwiched and inserted, and the root of the cultivated plant V is immersed in the culture solution 3. Further, the drainage pipe 7 is provided near the end of the bottom plate of the cultivation tank.
Is attached so as to open, and the other end of the drainage pipe 7 is connected to the pump P so that the culture solution 3 flows into the pump P when the pump is in operation.

On the other hand, on the side of the cultivation tank 2, a device 5 for use of a composition containing a large number of the composition 1 for promoting growth is arranged, and the liquid from the pump P is located near the bottom of the device 5 for use. The supply pipe 5b 'is opened so that the liquid fed from the pump P is fed into the instrument 5 to be used. Also,
A liquid discharge pipe 5c 'is provided at a position near the upper end surface of the device 5, and after the liquid sent from the pump P to the device 5 is brought into contact with the composition 1 in the device, the discharge pipe 5c' It is further discharged and supplied to the upper part in the cultivation tank 2. Instrument 5
The opening in the cultivation tank 2 for the liquid discharge pipe 5c 'from
While opening at a predetermined distance from the liquid surface in the tank 2, the liquid coming into contact with the composition 1 in the device 5 contains air from the discharge pipe 5c ′ onto the liquid surface of the culture liquid 3 in the tank. Oxygen is dissolved in the culture solution to prevent the roots of the cultivated plant V from becoming oxygen deficient.
Then, by operating the pump P, the culture solution 3 in the cultivation tank 2 can be circulated through the use tool 5 of the composition 1 to promote the growth of the cultivated plant V.
Incidentally, there are various methods for hydroponic culture, in the present example showed an example of circulating and using the culture solution, but also in the method of pouring the culture solution by sand culture or the like in the supply path of the culture solution as well. Can be used.

Next, the case of using for a sprinkler will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example of the usage pattern, and shows a case where water is sprayed on a cultivated plant in greenhouse cultivation. A cultivated plant V is planted on each of a plurality of rows of ridges R formed on the ground G in the house H, and a sprinkler 6 is installed near the ridges. In the pipeline for pumping water from the water tank T to the sprinkler 6 via the pump P, the instrument 5 used for storing the composition in the container is disposed between the pump P and the sprinkler 6. Water that has passed from the pump P through the supply pipe 5b 'and the device 5 to be used flows into the sprinkler 6 through the discharge pipe 5c', and is sprinkled from the rotating nozzle 6a by the reaction of the jet of its head. There is. The water to be sprinkled comes into contact with the composition put in the device 5 while passing through the device 5 to be used and is sprinkled from the nozzle, so that the growth of the cultivated plant can be promoted.

It is advantageous to use the following equipment as a tool for using the above composition. That is,
The instrument 5 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 has a predetermined diameter and a predetermined height (for example, a diameter of 120 mmφ and a height of 100, which are closed at the top and bottom).
(mm) hollow cylindrical container 5a has a cylindrical outer wall provided with a water (or culture solution) supply pipe 5b having a predetermined diameter (for example, 17 mmφ).
Set so that the exhaust pipe 5c, becomes close to the tangent line of the inner peripheral surface of the circular section of axis container 5a of each tube and parallel to the
The supply pipe 5b is attached to the bottom plate of the container, the discharge pipe 5c is attached to the upper part of the container (see FIGS. 5 and 6), and an appropriate mesh portion (screen) is provided at the pipe opening in the container. In order to prevent the composition from passing outside the container, the composition inside has a good contact efficiency with water (or culture solution) as shown in FIG. 1 (A). , 5 to 6 mm in length) is 1/3 of the inner volume of the container 5a.
About 1/4 is charged. At the time of this charging, the device 5 to be used, which is obtained by dividing the container 5a into two parts at the middle of the height, may be joined with the upper and lower parts after charging a predetermined amount of the composition 1a. It can have any configuration.

By constructing the instrument 5 to be used in this way, when water (or culture solution) is fed into the container 5a by applying pressure from the supply pipe 5b attached to the lower part of the instrument 5, water (or culture solution) is supplied. The liquid) rises while swirling along the inner peripheral surface of the circular cross section of the container 5a and is discharged from the discharge pipe 5c. At this time, the water (or the culture solution) rises in contact with the compositions that collide with each other while swirling the numerous compositions 1a enclosed in the container 5a, and then from the upper discharge pipe 5c. By being discharged, it can be efficiently brought into contact with the composition 1a.

Example 1 As a composition, tourmaline 15% by weight, diatomaceous earth 45% by weight,
A powder of 15% by weight of zeolite and 25% by weight of alumina is sintered into a bamboo ring shape (outer diameter 4 mmφ, length 5-6 mm) at about 800 ° C. [see FIG. 1 (A)]. 200 g of this composition
Put the seeds of the cracked radish in a container filled with water that has been soaked in water that has been passed through the equipment used (such as the one shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6), and the water will not always dry once a day. To spray. Three days after sowing, the seeds grew 5 cm and the germination rate was 98%. On the 5th day, 8-10 cm stretches and harvesting becomes possible.
Grows up to 20 cm on the day.

Comparative Example 1 The same number of seeds of cracked radish were sowed in a container covered with cotton soaked with normal tap water, and tap water was sprayed once a day so as not to dry. On the third day after sowing, the maximum was 2 cm, the germination rate was 80%, and the growth was sparse. 5 cm on the 5th day,
It grew 10 cm on the 8th day, but the stem was thin.

Example 2 Using the same composition as in Example 1 and the same equipment as in Example 1, the shiitake log is soaked in water through the equipment for 2-3 days. . When water is supplemented after inoculating inoculated inoculum (spores) of shiitake mushrooms on the flooded log, it is cultivated using water that has passed through the same equipment as in Example 1, and ordinary water that does not pass the composition (tap water Compared to shiitake mushrooms cultivated in water), the diameter of shiitake mushrooms cultivated in normal water was 5 to 10 cm in the same cultivation period, whereas the diameter was 15 cm.

Example 3 The same composition as in Example 1 was used, and the same equipment as in Example 1 was used, and the water passed through the equipment was put in a wide-mouth bottle having a volume of 1 liter. The above composition is filled with 10 parts of the above composition (about 20 g) and immersed therein. An inner cylinder having an inner diameter of about 62% of the bottle diameter and a depth of about 45% is provided in the center of the lid at the upper part of the wide-mouthed bottle. Attach a cotton-lined lid inside and sprinkle the seeds on the upper surface of the cotton while spreading the same amount of seeds on a wide-mouthed bottle of the same size as normal tap water. did. Every morning, visually observing the amount of water, and reducing the amount in each container (wide-mouthed bottle), one was supplemented with the water passed through the above equipment, and the other was supplemented with tap water. As for the growth state, in the case of a container (wide-mouthed bottle) using tap water, the height was extremely low at about 23% of the bottle diameter only by covering the upper surface of the lid by 60 to 70%, whereas the composition was used for water. In the case of a bowl (a wide-mouthed bottle), the height was about 2.4 times the height when tap water was used, and it was larger than the outer circumference of the lid and prosperous. A staggered difference was created. .

[0029]

According to the invention of claim 1, when growing a cultivated plant such as vegetables and shiitake mushrooms, the cultivated plant and its seeds are required to grow by using it in contact with water to be supplemented. It is possible to provide a composition capable of positively affecting the absorption of minerals, which are various elements, promoting their growth and increasing yield.

According to the invention of claim 2, when the composition is used in hydroponic culture, the composition and the culture solution can be repeatedly contacted with each other, and the composition can be added to the culture solution. The contact efficiency can be improved and the growth of cultivated plants can be promoted.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily bring the water sprayed by the sprinkler into contact with the above-mentioned composition, and to favorably affect the growth of cultivated plants.

According to the invention of claim 4, when cultivating the shiitake mushroom, the growth of the shiitake mushroom is promoted by sufficiently contacting the above composition with water supplied from the stage of the inoculum (spores) to the growth of the shiitake mushroom. You can

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the composition and the water or the culture solution are automatically swirled by the water or the culture solution of the composition charged in the instrument to be used. The composition can be used very efficiently by increasing the contact efficiency with the composition.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a sintered example of a composition for promoting growth of a cultivated plant of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a principle diagram showing an example of using the composition of the present invention for hydroponic cultivation,

FIG. 3 is a principle diagram showing an example of using the composition of the present invention in a sprinkler,

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing an embodiment of a device using the composition of the present invention,

5 is a plan view of the instrument used in FIG. 4, FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the tendency of the flow of water or a culture solution in the instrument for use shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b-composition, 2-cultivation tank, 3-water or culture solution, 4-support plate for cultivated plant, 5-apparatus used, 5a-
Container, 5b, 5b'-supply pipe, 5c, 5c'-discharge pipe, 6-sprinkler, P-pump, V-cultivated plant.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A composition used for promoting the growth of a cultivated plant by contact with water absorbed by the cultivated plant, comprising 10 to 20% tourmaline and 40 to 50% by weight of a mineral containing substance such as diatomaceous earth. Zeolite 10-20% by weight of each powder,
A composition for accelerating the growth of cultivated plants, characterized by being sintered into a small predetermined shape with a binder such as alumina. 2. The culture solution is circulated by being inserted into a pipe path from a pump for circulating the culture solution in a hydroponic cultivation tank so that the culture solution can come into contact with and pass through. A method of using the composition for promoting growth of a cultivated plant as described above. 3. The growth promotion of a cultivated plant according to claim 1, wherein a water supply pipe to a sprinkler for sprinkling water on the cultivated plant is charged so as to be able to come into contact with water to disperse the water. A method of using the composition. 4. A water supply path for use in a pool for immersing a log of shiitake cultivation is charged so that it can come into contact with water, while it is used by contacting it with make-up water that is replenished after inoculating the inoculated log with an inoculum. The method of using the composition for promoting the growth of a cultivated plant according to claim 1, wherein the composition is used. 5. A device used to bring water or a culture solution for cultivating a cultivated plant into contact with the above composition, which is supplied to a hollow cylindrical container whose upper and lower sides are closed. set the the tube and the discharge pipe, as the axis of each tube is adjacent and parallel to the tangent line of the inner peripheral surface of the circular cross section of the container
The supply pipe is attached to the bottom of the container side wall and the discharge pipe is attached to the top of the container side wall.
Set, and while construction described further blocks passage of the composition At a tube opening in the container, cultivated plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition in the container and fluidly sealed A device for using the composition for promoting growth of.